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Activity of trypsin-like enzymes (ATLE) and gelatinases A and B were studied in the blood plasma and extracts from cardiac muscle, cerebral cortex and cerebellum of rats with cardiomyopathy caused by anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin against the background of preventive application of corvitin and α-ketoglutarate. ATLE significantly increased in blood plasma and extracts from cerebral cortex but decreased in extracts from cardiac muscle and cerebellum in doxorubicin cardiomyopathy (DCMP). In addition, a significant increase of activity of both gelatinases in plasma and tissue extracts was observed. Preventive administration of corvitin and α-ketoglutarate resulted in differently directed changes of activity of the above mentioned enzymes in heart and brain tissues. Obtained data confirm the hypothesis about activation of proteolysis under the influence of anthracycline antibiotics and testify to selective effect of corvitin and α-ketoglutarate on ATLE and gelatinases.

We studied the levels of lymphocyte surface-associated sialylglycans and the expression of neuraminidase NEU1 and sialyltransferase ST6GAL1 genes in lymphocytes in erythremia patients and healthy donors as well as the levels of sialic acids in plasma and sialylation of alpha-acid glycoprotein and fibronectin. Moreover, we also investigated the type of sialic acids binding with its glycans using sialospecific lectins MAA and SNA. fibronectin protein in lymphocytes and its cell surface in erythremia disease as compared to healthy donors. It was shown that the levels of free sialic acids and neuraminidase activity in plasma are increased in erythremia disease as compared to healthy donors; however, MAA-II-binding activity of tested glycoproteins is decreased, fibronectin-1 mRNA expression in lymphocytes is increased in patients with erythremia. The decreasing of plasma fibronectin concentration and its heparin-binding activity as well as increasing of lymphocyte content with surface-associated and intracellular fibronectin were revealed in erythremia disease in comparison with healthy donors. Positive correlation between plasma fibronectin level and its heparin-binding activity and negative correlation between plasma fibronectin level and quantity of lymphocytes which express fibronectin inside the cell and on cell surface was detected. Enhanced levels of α2,3- and α2,6-linked residues of glycocojugates were detected on lymphocyte cell surface in erythremia disease using sialospecific lectins and flow cytometer as well as fluorescent confocal microscope. The level of NEU1 and ST6GAL1 mRNA expressions is significantly increased in lymphocytes in erythremia disease. Results of this study are clarified the mechanisms of disturbed in erythremia disease glycobiological processes and may therefore present new approaches for therapeutic opportunities.

The paper presents new information about the carbohydrate structures of 39-days chicken's fibronectin. It is found out that chicken fibronectin contains mainly biantennary N-glycans with a core fucose and fucosylated O-glycans. It is shown that N-glycans of chicken fibronectin are poorly sialated, since this protein exhibits affinity for the PNA and weak binding to sialospecific SNA. A comparative analysis of lectin-binding activity of chicken and human fibronectins has shown that both glycoproteins differ in glycan composition.

Expression of fibronectin-1 mRNA in lymphocytes in erythremia patients and healthy donors as well as fibronectin-1 concentration in plasma and its heparin-binding activity have been studied. Moreover, we also investigated the expression of fibronectin protein in lymphocytes and cell surface in erythremia disease as compared to healthy donors. It was shown that fibronectin-1 mRNA expression in lymphocytes is increased in patients with erythremia as compared to healthy donors. The decrease of plasma fibronectin concentration and its heparin-binding activity as well as the increase of lymphocyte content with surface-associated and intracellular fibronectin were revealed in erythremia disease in comparison with healthy donors. Positive correlation between plasma fibronectin level and its heparin-binding activity and negative correlation between plasma fibronectin level and quantity of lymphocytes which express fibronectin inside the cell and on cell surface was detected. Results of this investigation demonstrate that fibronectin-1 mRNA expression in lymphocytes is disturbed in erythremia disease and is accompanied by a decrease of fibronectin plasma level.

The deficit of selenium is related to immunity worsening. Selenium improves an immune answer and raises disease resistance. The aim of our work was to study the influence of organic selenium in comparison with inorganic selenium on the factors of unspecific resistance and state of humoral immunity of chicken-broilers.

The review is dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the opening and studying of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). New data about molecular properties, structure and functions as well as regulation of AFP synthesis are presented. Clinical significance and prospects of the further study of this oncofetal glycoprotein has been discussed.

Spectra of lectin-binding proteins of the human trophoblast were studied by the method affinity blotting using a set of loctins conjugated with peroxidase. The set included lectins Lens culinaris (LcL), Canavalia ensiformis (Con A), Ricinus communis (RCA 1), Arachis hypogaea (PNA), Triticum vulgaris (WGA), Laburnum anagyroides (LAL). Presence of N- and O-glycans in the composition of proteins of plasmatic membranes of a trophoblast was shown, partial characteristics of their oligosugar chains being presented. Sialic acids were established to be absent in the composition of alkaline phosphatase of mature placenta.

A test system for enzyme immunoassay of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was developed on the basis of the diagnostic agents manufactured by the N. F. Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology. The effect of shielding antibody active centers in sensitization of planes with excessive concentrations of antibodies was detected. The test system was used to measure AFP levels in blood sera of pregnant women. The results may be used for screening pregnant women for the prenatal diagnosis of fetal neural tube.

Protein D2 was isolated and purified from adult human brain by extraction with Triton X-100 as well as by chromatography on phenyl-sepharose, concanavalin A-sepharose, lysine-sepharose and hydroxylapatite. Specific rabbit antisera against purified protein D2 were raised. Crossed and rocket immunoelectrophoresis revealed an immunoreactive protein D2 in the fetal heart, fetal kidney and adult heart (8-15% of total content in adult brain tissue). Rocket-on-line immunoelectrophoresis revealed additionally small amounts of D2-like antigens in adult kidney (12%), adult liver (1.5%), and in adult lung and spleen (less than 1%). The differences in tissue distribution as revealed by rocket-on-line immunoelectrophoresis suggest the existence of special D2-like protein clone in some tissues with or several immunochemically identical domains.

Rocket-linear immunoelectrophoresis enabled to estimate the alpha-fetoprotein content in blood serum of pregnant women. Sensitivity of the procedure constituted as low as 13-22 ng of the protein per I ml of blood serum. Concentration of the protein in blood serum depended on the period of pregnancy; middle values of normal content of alpha-fetoprotein in blood serum were estimated within various periods of pregnancy in women of the district studied. The procedure might be used simultaneously with immunoenzymatic and radioimmune methods in prenatal diagnosis of impairments in development of the fetus neural tube.