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Introduction: Resin composites have been commonly used in restorative dentistry over the years. The longevity of restorations depends upon various physical properties like as solubility. Composite solubility can lead to deleterious effects on the polymer structure. Aim: To evaluate and compare the solubility of a single shade resin composite in comparison to a conventional resin composite in artificial saliva. Materials and Methods: In the present in-vitro study, 44 pellets (10 mm x 1 mm) were prepared from each material. The pellets were divided into two groups (n=22) based on the immersion period of two days and seven days. They were incubated, weighed using an analytical balance, and then immersed in artificial saliva. Weighing was done again after the completion of the immersion period, and solubility was calculated. Paired and independent sample t-tests were used to compare the solubility of both materials after two days and seven days. Results: The differences of solubility values for the single shade composite and conventional composite at two and seven-day intervals were (p=0.031) and (p=0.019), respectively, which were statistically significant. On inter-group comparison, the difference in solubility of the single shade composite at two days was significantly lower compared to conventional composites (p=0.024). Whereas, no significant difference was observed in solubility values between both groups at seven days (p=0.102). Conclusion: The performance of the single shade composite in terms of solubility was better in comparison with conventional composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Priya. Bantwal, Shilpa. Shetty, Banavasi. Girisha, Tonita. Noronha Background: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease affecting the skin and/or joints. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules that [...]

Background: A desired target for cancer therapy is a cancer‑specific metabolism which is associated with innate or acquired therapeutic resistance, malignancies, and aggressive cancer growth. Nevertheless, these cells utilize manifold metabolic routes to prolong their mass explosion. Human hexokinase 2 (HK2), phosphofructokinase, muscle (PFKM), pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), and lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA) are fundamental signature players of cancer glycolysis playing a role in cancer cell regulation. Reflecting their metabolic roles may be possible with a better grasp of the metabolism transition in the early onset and spread of cancer. This study was designed to assess the serum protein levels of HK2, PFKM, PKM2, and LDHA in women with breast carcinoma and its correlation with phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/ Akt and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Methods: In the current research, case–control investigation was undertaken with breast cancer women (n = 30) and compatible healthy women (n = 30) visiting Justice K. S. Hegde Charitable Hospital, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, who were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Baseline characteristics for the study population were marked down. The HK2, PFKM, PKM2, and LDHA levels within serum were estimated by means of sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: We observed a difference that was significant among the two groups with regard to age and postmenopausal status and also a difference in first‑degree family history. The levels of PKM2 and key glycolytic enzymes in serum varied between the case and control groups. There was a positive correlation that was observed in breast carcinoma subjects with glycolytic proteins and signaling pathway (PI3K/Akt/mTOR). Conclusions: Nevertheless, assured processes that persuade the target enzymes remain vague and require further in-depth exploration. Overall, discovering anticancer therapeutics that target glycolytic enzymes involved in glucose metabolism remains a dilemma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Breast cancer(BC) is currently the fifth largest cause of mortality worldwide and has become the most frequent type of cancer. Fatty acid transport proteins (FATPs) assist cancer cells in meeting their higher metabolic needs by increasing fatty acid uptake, which is a significant source of energy for cancer cells. The phosphoinositide 3‑kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of the rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway is an important signaling pathway that coordinates the uptake and utilization of various nutrients, including fatty acids. The current study aimed to correlate the FATPs with the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in BC. Methods: Eighty serum samples were collected from BC and control subjects after obtaining an informed consent form. Total ribonucleic acid (RNA) was isolated, and the relative messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR was analyzed by a reverse transcriptase‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Serum FATPs were estimated using commercially available enzyme‑linked immunoassay kits. P < 0.05 was indicated as statistically significant. Results: The serum FATPs in subjects with BC differed significantly compared to the control. Relative mRNA expression of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR differed significantly between the groups. Further, on correlating the serum FATPs with PI3K‑related signaling molecules showed a significant positive correlation within BC subjects. Conclusion: Significant positive correlation between FATPs and the PI3K, Akt, and mTOR pathway suggests a crucial role of FATPs in promoting BC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) is an integral transmembrane protein that is involved in facilitating the translocation of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) across the plasma membrane, thereby orchestrating the importation of LCFA into the cell. FATP1 also functions as an acyl-CoA ligase, catalyzing the ATP-dependent formation of fatty acyl-CoA using LCFA and VLCFA (very-long-chain fatty acids) as substrates. It is expressed in various types of tissues and is involved in the regulation of crucial signalling pathways, thus playing a vital role in numerous physiological and pathological conditions. Structural insight about FATP1 is, thus, extremely important for understanding the mechanism of action of this protein and developing efficient treatments against its anomalous expression and dysregulation, which are often associated with pathological conditions such as breast cancer. As of now, there has been no prior prediction or evaluation of the 3D configuration of the human FATP1 protein, hindering a comprehensive understanding of the distinct functional roles of its individual domains. In our pursuit to unravel the structure of the most commonly expressed isoforms of FATP1, we employed the cutting-edge ALPHAFOLD 2 model for an initial prediction of the entire protein's structure. This prediction was complemented by molecular dynamics simulations, focusing on the most promising model. We predicted the structure of FATP1 in silico and thoroughly refined and validated it using coarse and molecular dynamics in the absence of the complete crystal structure. Their relative dynamics revealed the different properties of the characteristic FATP1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]