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Background: Bone resorption due to tooth extraction leads to unpredictable bone volume for future prosthetics. Crab shells were promoted as a solution to prevent bone resorption, along with an effort to reduce biological waste. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the expression of bone sialoprotein (BSP) and dentine matrix protein-1 (DMP1) in the wound healing process in tooth-extraction sockets after applying a crab shell-derived hydroxyapatite scaffold. Methods: The subjects (28 Cavia cobaya) were divided into control and treatment groups. The control group was left untreated, while the treatment group received a hydroxyapatite scaffold of Portunus pelagicus shell in the tooth socket. The expression of BSP and DMP1 was determined by immunohistochemical staining on days 7 and 14. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s honest significance difference test were used to find the groups with the most significant difference. Results: The highest mean expression of BSP and DMP1 was in the day 14 treatment group, while the lowest was in the day 7 control group. Conclusion: Administering hydroxyapatite scaffold derived from the Portunus pelagicus shell to the post-extraction sockets increased the expression of both BSP and DMP1.

Objetive: To determine the expression of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)-2 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP)-2 after application of scaffold hydroxyapatite from Rajungan crab shell (Portunus pelagicus) in the tooth extraction socket of Cavia cobaya. Material and Methods: This study used a post-test only control group design with 28 Cavia cobaya separated into two groups, control and treatment group. The left mandibular incisor was extracted, and socket preservation was conducted. A hydroxyapatite graft derived from crab shells was mixed with gelatin and eventually turned into a scaffold, which was afterward put into the extraction socket. After 7 days and 14 days, each group was terminated and examined using immunohistochemical staining to observe the expression of FGF-2 and BMP-2. One-Way Anova and Tukey HSD were used to examine the research data. Results: FGF-2 and BMP-2 expressions were observed higher in the group that received hydroxyapatite scaffold at the post-extraction socket than those in the group that did not receive hydroxyapatite scaffold. Conclusion: The application of a hydroxyapatite scaffold from Rajungan crab shell (Portunus pelagicus) to the tooth extraction socket can increase FGF-2 and BMP-2 expression.

Context: Osteoporosis occurs not only in the lumbar bone, femur, and radius but also occurs in the mandibular bone. Therefore, osteoporosis is a disease that required attention from the dentists. Aims: To determine the ratio of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kB-Ligand:Osteoprotegerin (RANKL:OPG) expression and the ratio of osteoclasts:osteoblasts number in the mandibular bone of the osteoporosis rat models. Methods: The research subjects used were 20 Rattus novergicus, which were randomly divided into two groups, namely ovariectomy (OVX) and sham surgery (SHS). Twelve weeks after surgery, the animals were terminated and mandibular bone specimens were taken for histological examination of osteoclasts, osteoblasts, RANKL, and OPG expression. An examination of estrogen levels in the blood of the research subjects was also carried out. All data obtained were tested statistically using a t-test. Results: There was a decrease in the amount of estrogen in the OVX group rather than SHS (p = 0.005). In the SHS group, the RANKL:OPG expression value ratio was 0.51 ± 0.15, while in the OVX group was 0.86 ± 0.22 (p = 0.001). In the SHS group, the ratio of osteoclasts:osteoblasts number was 0.012 ± 0.004, while in the OVX group was 0.061 ± 0.023 (p = 0.001). Conclusions: A decrease in estrogen significantly induces the ratio of RANKL:OPG and osteoclast:osteoblasts in the mandibular bone.

Aim: This study aimed to predict the potential inflammation in lungs caused by exposure to methyl methacrylate (MMA; in silico study) and assess inflammation in lungs in response to MMA inhalation in mice (in vivo study). Materials and Methods: In silico and in vivo studies were performed using 24 mice divided into a control group (0 ppm MMA) and five treatment groups, which were exposed to 150 ppm MMA for 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 min, respectively. Lung tissues were harvested and examined with a light microscope at 400×. Results: In silico studies confirmed the existence of one activation bond between MMA and the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR- 4), namely, His 228, with a MolDock score of –43.677 kcal/mol. Microscopic examination of lungs confirmed that a greater number of inflammatory cells were found in the treatment group than in the control group and symptoms of inflammation were clearly observable after 120 min of exposure. Conclusion: Thus, inflammation occurring due to MMA interaction with TLR-4 receptors can be predicted in silico and exposure to 150 ppm MMA for more than 120 min can cause lung inflammation in mice.

Background: Tooth extraction is a common procedure in dentistry after which the residual ridge will no longer receive stimulus leading to volume, height and width loss. These anatomical changes can then result in difficulties with future denture fabrication and implant placement. Preservation of the alveolar ridge, therefore, assumes considerable importance after tooth extraction. Moringa oleifera, on the other hand, can enhance bone formation. Type-1 collagen is a marker of osteoblast formation. Purpose: This research aimed to analyze the effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract combined with DFBBX on type-1 collagen expressions in tooth extraction sockets. Methods: 56 Cavia cobaya subjects were divided into eight groups. Their lower left incisors were then extracted prior to the sockets of the first and fifth groups being filled with PEG, those of the second and sixth groups with DFBBX, those of the third and seventh groups with Moringa oleifera leaf extract and a combination of DFBBX and Moringa oleifera leaf extract in those of the fourth and eighth groups. The sockets were then examined on days 7 and 30 by means of an immunohistochemical technique. The data collected was subsequently subjected to analysis by One Way Anova and Tukey HSD tests. Results: There were significant differences between the control group and the treatment group administrated with Moringa oleifera leaf extract combined with DFBBX. On days 7 and 30, the groups treated with the combination of DFBBX and Moringa oleifera leaf extract had the highest number of type-1 collagen expressions. Conclusion: A combination of DFBBX and Moringa oleifera leaf extract is effective in increasing type-1 collagen expressions in tooth extraction sockets.

Background: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans' lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has a high virulence factor. It interacts with serum protein through receptors on the epithelial cell surface, thereby increasing both interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 which results in damage to periodontal tissue. Aim: The aim of the study was to identify and evaluate the effect of LPS derived from local isolates (A. actinomycetemcomitans) on the destruction of alveolar bone by means of several biomarkers, including; the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, the expression of IL-6, matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP-1), and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-? ligand (RANKL). Materials and Methods: The isolation of LPS from A. actinomycetemcomitans was calculated using phenol, while purification was performed using Sephadex C-18 column chromatography. 40 Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 10. Each treatment was divided into two groups which were 0.9% NaCl and LPS induced for 7 and 14 days, respectively. Gingival and alveolar bones were further introduced into the induction area, followed by the measuring of osteoblast and osteoclast with hematoxylin-eosin staining, IL-6, MMP-1 and RANKL expression with immunohistochemical. Results: Reduced numbers of osteoblasts at the 7th and 14th day of treatment were detected, while those of osteoclasts increased. There was an increased expression of IL-6, MMP-1, and RANKL in the 7th and 14th-day treatment group. Treatment of LPS from A. actinomycetemcomitans over 7 and 14 days resulted in damage to periodontal tissue and alveolar bone in Wistar rats. Conclusion: LPS of A. actinomycetemcomitans administration for 7 and 14 days causes periodontal and alveolar tissue destruction in Wistar rats.

Background: Prolongation of the inflammatory process in hyperglycemic interferes with bone formation, inhibits the healing process, and triggers bone resorption. A combination of spirulina and chitosan in the tooth socket of Rattus norvegicus is expected to promote the bone remodeling process. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of spirulina and chitosan on angiogenesis, osteoclast, and osteoblast cell in tooth socket models of type 1 diabetes. Materials and Methods: A laboratory-based experiment involving 36 R. norvegicus, divided into three groups (nondiabetes mellitus (DM), uncontrolled DM, and controlled DM) and further divided into six subgroups. The controlled groups (K1, K2, and K3) were induced with 3% carboxymethyl cellulose Na, while the treated groups were induced with 12% spirulina and 20% chitosan. On the 14th day, the mandibles of the rats were removed. The capillary lumen, osteoblasts, and osteoclast cells were counted by hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal examination and the results analyzed by means of Shapiro–Wilk, Levene's, one-way ANOVA, and post hoc Tukey's honestly significant difference test. Results: There was a significant increment in the number of capillary lumen, osteoblast cells, and a decrease in osteoclasts in all three treated groups (P1, P2, and P3). Conclusions: A combination of spirulina and chitosan can effectively promote the healing process in postextraction sockets of type 1 DM R. norvegicus.

Background: Studies of bone tissue engineering as a viable alternative to autogenous bone graft show promising results, although its mechanism and effectiveness remain only partially understood. Purpose: to explain the osteogenic differentiation of scaffold chitosan (Ch)–carbonate apatite (CA) in seeding with human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) on the regeneration of calvarial bone defects in rats. Materials and Methods: Shitosan-Carbonate Apatite (Ch-CA) scaffold was created by means of a freeze-drying method. Twenty Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: control and treatment. Defects were created in the calvarial bone of each treatment group with a scaffold subsequently implanted. After 8 weeks, the rats were terminated for histology and immunohistochemistry examination. Results: Expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor, bone morphogenetic protein2, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and angiogenesis occurred earlier in the tissue-engineered group than that in the control group. An 8-week analysis also showed that the expression of RUNX2, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and collagen type 1 was at more elevated levels in the treatment group than that in the control group. Conclusion: These results showed that the combination of hAMSCs and Ch-CA scaffold may become one of the candidates for bone tissue engineering.

Background: Osteoporosis is a systemic disease that can decrease bone density as a result of imbalance bone remodeling and bone resorption. Estrogen reduction due to menopause can increase osteoclast activity and furthermore decrease bone density. Estrogen can stimulate alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression, collagen type I and osteocalcin in bone remodelling process. Ovariectomized rat is a common animal for studying patofisiology, diagnosis and treatment osteoporosis patient. Purpose: To evaluate correlation between estrogen and ALP expression in osteoporotic rat model mandible. Methode: 18 female wistar rats, 2 months old, 200 grams were divided into 2 groups, ovariectomized group and sham surgery as control group. Surgery was done under intra muskular anesthesia using combination 2% xylazine 1cc and 10% ketamine 1cc. After 12 weeks, mandible was taken for ALP examination and blood from heart was taken to evaluate the amount of estrogen. Result: There was significant correlation between estrogen and ALP expression in osteoporotic rat model mandible. Conclusion: The amount of estrogen can influence ALP expression activity.

Background: Silicosis is an occupational lung disease caused by inhaling particles of crystalline silica in a long time. The disease then results in inflammation and defects in lung tissue. Prosthesis construction is usually conducted in dental laboratory using a lot of materials containing crystalline silica, such as gypsum, ceramics, planting material, sandblast and others. Purpose: This research aims to determine levels of crystalline silica dust in the dental laboratory of Dental Health Technology Diploma Study Program, Vocational Faculty, Universitas Airlangga. Method: Three measurement points was determined, namely point 1, point 2 and point 3 in each dental laboratory space (I and II). Suctioning dust was performed at those points using Low Volume Dust Sampler (LVDS). Samples taken were divided into two groups, namely X and Y. Taking dust samples were carried out for 30 minutes. Elements of crystalline silica contained in the dust were quantitatively measured using XR Defractometry tool, while size and morphology of silica were measured using SEM EDX tool. Data obtained were statistically analyzed by paired t test. Result: The results showed significant differences in the levels of the total dust measured and crystalline silica in the form of quartz and cristobalite among those two dental laboratory spaces. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the levels of the total dust and silica quartz dust in the dental laboratory spaces I and II were greater than the Threshold Limit Value (TLV) determined.

Dental treatment can be said successful if the denture can restore masticatory and esthetic function and keep oral tissue in healthy condition. The success of full denture treatment depends on some factors, which are procedural techniques of full denture processin, which include clinical and laboratory phases. Besides technical aspects, there are some nontechnical aspects which include emotional characteristic of the patient, relation or communication between patient and dentist, patient's motivation and information about full denture. Thses aspects are often forgotten by dentists, because they emphasize more on technical aspects. This article describe the aspects of nontechnical procedures in making full denture and its connection with the success of full denture treatment. The conclusion of this paper is that it is necessary to communicate clearly with a patient who needs full enture treatment, orally with simple and understandable language, along with demonstrations and written information about diagnosis, prognosis and the treatment plan of the procedure which will be conducted according to the patient's character.

Background: Collagen is regarded as one of the most useful biomaterials. We tried to combine collagen and carbonate apatite (CA) with some cytokines in order to enhance bone formation ability. In this study, we found that CA-collagen sponge (CA-CS) was a possible candidate of newly graft material for bone formation. Materials and Methods: CA-CS was fabricated by the following procedure. One wt% of pig hide collagen solution (Nippon Meat Packers. Inc., Tokyo, Japan) was neutralized with 0.1 N NaOH, and then mixed immediately 243 mg apatite powder with 0.06 M carbonate contents. After centrifugation at 1500 rpm for 10 min, excess water was removed, and the mixture was packed into Teflon molds (5.0 mm × 2.0 mm). Each 10 µg of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rh-BMP2) were involved in these sponges. Then these scaffolds frozen at −80°C for 2 h and dried in a freeze dry machine for 24 h. CA-CS without cytokines were also prepared as a control. Mouse osteoblast-like cell (MC3T3-E1) proliferations in these scaffolds were investigated by 3-day in vitro cell culture using MTT assay examination. Ten New Zealand rabbits (weight: 3–3.5 kg) were used in this in vivo study. After 3 weeks of placement, the scaffolds, rabbits were sacrificed, and bone formation in the sockets was evaluated histologically and histomorphometrically. Results and Conclusion: By histological observation and measurement of bone area ratio, CA-CS with cytokines showed higher bone formation ability (bFGF/CA-CS: 50.7 ± 7.3%, rh-BMP2/CA-CS: 54.2 ± 5.0%) than other groups. From the limited results of this study, it is suggested that CA collagen scaffolds with some cytokines may become an attractive scaffold for bone regeneration.

Background: Acrylic resins, especially poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) was introduced in 1937. Acrylic resin has favorable properties, among others, aesthetic, color and texture similar to that of the gingival aesthetic in the mouth, relatively low water absorption and dimensional changes. However, some studies suggest that the duration of storage of acrylic resin will affect the changes in the glass transition temperature and the mass of acrylic resin. Purpose: The objective of this research was to study the effect of humidity and storage time led to changes in the glass transition temperature and the mass of the acrylic resin. Methods: The research method is experimental laboratory. Acrylic resin specimens are kept in conditions of humidity of 90%, 70%, 40% and 30% for 24 hours, one week, one month and two months. In this study used three methods of curing, namely conventional JIs, 24-hour curing at 70 °C and using the microwave. Results: Low humidity causes changes in the glass transition temperature and the mass of acrylic resin. Longer storage of acrylic resins in low humidity, can affect change greater than the glass transition temperature and the mass of acrylic resin. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the humidity and longer storage of acrylic resins can affect the glass transition temperature and a change in mass.Latar belakang: Resin akrilik terutama poli metil metakrilat (PMMA) telah diperkenalkan pada tahun 1937. Resin akrilik memiliki sifat yang menguntungkan antara lain estetis, warna dan tekstur mirip dengan gingiva sehingga estetik di dalam mulut baik, daya serap air relatif rendah dan perubahan dimensi kecil. Akan tetapi, dari beberapa penelitian menyatakan bahwa lamanya waktu penyimpanan resin akrilik akan berpengaruh pada perubahan suhu transisi kaca dan massa resin akrilik. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh kelembaban dan waktu penyimpanan yang menyebabkan perubahan suhu transisi kaca dan massa pada resin akrilik. Metode: Metode penelitian adalah eksperimen laboratoris. spesimen resin akrilik disimpan dalam kondisi kelembaban 90%, 70%, 40% dan 30% selama 24 jam, satu minggu, satu bulan dan dua bulan. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan tiga metode curing, yaitu konvensional JIs, 24 jam curing pada suhu 70 °C dan menggunakan microwave. Hasil: Kelembaban rendah menyebabkan perubahan suhu transisi kaca dan massa resin akrilik. Penyimpanan lebih lama dari resin akrilik dalam kelembaban rendah, dapat mempengaruhi perubahan yang lebih besar dari suhu transisi kaca dan massa dari resin akrilik. Simpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kelembaban dan penyimpanan yang lebih lama dari resin akrilik dapat mempengaruhi suhu transisi kaca dan perubahan massa.

Background: Prominent residual ridge is necessary to gain retention and stabilility for succesful prosthodontic treatment such as removable, fixed or implant. Spirulina is a natural substance that can help tissue healing and chitosan also a natural substance that reported to have the ability to help bone remodelling. The combination gel of spirulina and chitosan could be considered as an alternative material to maintain residual ridge height after tooth extraction. Purpose: The aim of study was to examine the effect of combination gel of Spirulina and chitosan on healing process of Cavia cobaya post tooth extraction socket by counting the amount of osteoclast, osteoblast and colagen as an indicator. Methods: Twenty eight cavia cobaya were divided into 4 groups. Insisive mandible extraction was done and the sockets were filled with 3% CMCNa for control groups, 3% spirulina chitosan 200 mg for group 1, 6% spirulina chitosan 200 mg for group 2, 12% spirulina chitosan 200 mg for group 3. After 30 days, histopathology examination was done by using microscope to count the amount of osteoclast, osteoblast and collagen. Results: Data was analyzed by using Anova and Tukey HSD. For osteoclast, there was no significant different between every groups, while for osteoblast and collagen there was significant different between groups. The results showed that induction of combination gel spirulina chitosan was able to accumulate collagen fiber and resulting faster wound healing. Conclusion: Combination 12% gel spirulina chitosan 200 mg could be used as an alternative material for better bone remodeling after tooth extraction.Latar belakang: Residual ridge yang prominen sangat dibutuhkan untuk mendapatkan retensi dan stabilitas untuk menunjang keberhasilan perawatan di bidang prostodonsia seperti pada kasus removable, fixed atau implant. Tindakan pencabutan gigi dapat merusak jaringan periodontal, sementum dan tulang alveolar yang mengakibatkan resorbsi ridge yang besar. Spirulina telah terbukti mempunyai kemampuan untuk membantu penyembuhan tulang sedangkan kitosan mempunyai kemampuan untuk membantu proses pembentukan tulang. Kombinasi kedua bahan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan alternatif untuk mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka dan pembentukan tulang. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti efek induksi kombinasi gel dari Spirulina dan kitosan terhadap proses penyembuhan soket pasca ekstraksi gigi Cavia cobaya dengan indikator jumlah osteoklas, osteoblas dan kolagen. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 28 marmot yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok penelitian. Pencabutan dilakukan pada incisive rahang bawah kemudian soket pencabutan diisi dengan CMCNa 3% pada kelompok control; spirulina 3% chitosan 200 mg pada kelompok perlakuan 1; spirulina 6 % chitosan 200 mg pada kelompok perlakuan 2, dan spirulina 12% citosan 200 mg pada kelompok perlakuan 3. Pada hari ke 30 dilakukan pemeriksaan histopatologi menggunakan mikroskop untuk menghitung jumlah osteoblas, osteoklas dan kolagen. Hasil: Data dianalisis dengan Anova dan Tukey HSD. Jumlah osteoklas tidak berbeda secara signifikan antara setiap kelompok, sedangkan jumlah osteoblas dan kolagen terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa induksi kombinasi gel spirulina chitosan mampu mengakumulasi serat kolagen dan menghasilkan penyembuhan luka lebih cepat. Simpulan: Kombinasi gel spirulina 12% chitosan 200 mg dapat digunakan sebagai bahan alternatif untuk remodeling tulang yang lebih baik setelah pencabutan gigi.

Background: Local muscle soreness is the most common temporomandibular disorders complaint of patients seeking treatment in the dental clinics. The emergency treatment that can be done in the clinics to manage this disorder is by making anterior bite splint. Anterior bite splint is usually made of acrylic, but currently there is a soft putty impression material that can also be used for making anterior bite splint. The effectiveness of soft putty anterior bite splint in local muscle soreness treatment still has not clear. Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of the soft putty impression material as a material used for making anterior bite splint in the treatment of local muscle soreness. Case: Six patients was reported five female patients aged 20-40 years old and one male patient aged 37 years old with local muscle soreness. Four female patients with a “click” sound on TMJ. Case management: Make differential diagnosis with screening history (anamnesis), clinical examination consists of extra oral examination such as muscle and temporomandibular joint palpation, measure the mandibular movement, end-feel, load test, intra oral examination and radiographic evaluation. Record the results and make the diagnosis. Make a soft putty anterior bite splint, adjusted and inserted in the maxillary anterior teeth. Record the results based on signs and symptoms. Conclusion: It can be concluded that anterior bite splint made of soft putty impression material is effective for treatment the local muscle soreness.Latar belakang: Salah satu tipe temporomandibular disorders yang paling sering dijumpai di klinik dokter gigi adalah local muscle soreness. Perawatan yang dapat dengan segera dilakukan di klinik untuk mengelola gangguan tersebut adalah dengan pembuatan anterior bite splint. Biasanya anterior bite splint terbuat dari akrilik, namun saat ini telah ada bahan cetak soft putty yang memungkinkan untuk dipakai sebagai bahan pembuatan anterior bite splint. Efektivitas pemakaian anterior bite splint dari bahan putty untuk perawatan local muscle soreness sampai saat ini masih belum jelas. Tujuan: Mengetahui efektivitas pemakaian bahan cetak soft putty sebagai bahan anterior bite splint pada perawatan local muscle soreness. Kasus: Dilaporkan enam pasien terdiri dari lima pasien wanita usia 24-40 tahun dan satu pasien laki-laki usia 37 tahun dengan diagnosis local muscle soreness. Empat pasien wanita disertai suara “klik” pada sendi. Tatalaksana kasus: membuat diagnosis banding dengan anamnesis, pemeriksaan klinis terdiri dari pemeriksaan di luar rongga mulut yang meliputi palpasi otot pengunyahan dan sendi temporomandibular, mengukur pergerakan rahang bawah, end-feel, uji beban, pemeriksaan di dalam rongga mulut dan radiologis. Mencatat hasil pemeriksaannya dan membuat diagnosis. Setelah itu membuat soft putty anterior bite splint dan melakukan penyesuaian dan pemasangan. Mencatat hasilnya berdasarkan keluhan-keluhan dan tanda-tanda. Kesimpulan: Anterior bite splint yang terbuat dari bahan cetak soft putty efektif untuk perawatan local muscle soreness.

Background: After polymerization process, heat cured acrylic resin denture base actually still contains residual monomers that can become potential irritants later in oral cavity. Polymerization process is essential to obtain acrylic resin which can meet the requirements of the biocompatible and good physical properties. To meet the requirements, there are several methods of polymerization process used. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the differences of the residual monomer levels of acrylic resin processed by various polymerization methods. Methods: Acrylic resin powder and liquid were mixed based on the rules of factory, and sample was made with size of 30 mm × 50 mm × 3 mm and then polymerized by using microwave at 70° C for 24 hours based on the methods of Japan Industrial Standard (JIS). Each group of samples was cut with weight of ± 0.2 g, dissolved in 5 ml of methyl ethyl ketone in test tubes, and then stored at ± 5° C for four days. Residual monomer level was conducted by using gas chromatograph mass spectrometer. Data obtained were then analyzed by using One-Way ANOVA test with p < 0.05. Results: After the level of polymerizing residual monomer with JIS method was compared to that at 70° C for 24 hours using microwave, it is known that there were significant differences (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The highest level of residual monomer of acrylic resin was that polymerized at 70° C for 24 hours.Latar belakang: Basis gigi tiruan yang berbahan dasar resin akrilik jenis heat cured setelah proses polimerisasi selesai masih mengandung monomer sisa yang berpotensi sebagai bahan iritan dalam rongga mulut. Proses polimerisasi sangat penting untuk mendapatkan resin akrilik yang memenuhi persyaratan biokompatibilitas dan fisik yang baik. Untuk persyaratan tersebut digunakan berbagai macam proses polimerisasi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kadar monomer sisa resin akrilik yang diproses dengan metode polimerisasi berbeda menggunakan gas chromatograph mass spectrometer. Metode: Bubuk dan cairan resin akrilik dicampur sesuai aturan pabrik dan sampel dibuat berukuran 30 mm × 50 mm × 3 mm dipolimerisasi berdasarkan metode Japan Industrial Standard (JIS), suhu 70° C selama 24 jam, dan microwave. Setiap kelompok sampel dipotong seberat ± 0,2 gram dilarutkan 5 ml dalam metil etil keton pada tabung uji dan disimpan suhu ± 5° C selama empat hari, dilakukan analisis kadar monomer sisa dengan gas chromatograph mass spectrometer. Data yang diperoleh dianalis ANOVA satu arah dengan nilai p < 0,05. Hasil: Kadar monomer sisa resin akrilik yang berpolimerisasi metode JIS dibandingkan polimerisasi suhu 70° C selama 24 jam dan microwave terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan: Kadar monomer sisa paling tinggi pada resin akrilik yang dipolimerisasi suhu 70° C selama 24 jam.

Background: Acrylic resin were first used in dentistry for denture bases. The basic knowledge of acrylic resin curing method should be known by the dentist, because the improved performance of acrylic resin depends on the curing method. Purpose: This study was aimed to find the most effective curing method to produce the highest transverse strength of acrylic resin. Method: 18 rectagular acrylic resin samples with 65 x 10 x 2.5 mm size, divided into 3 groups based on difference curing method (Japan Industrial Standard, 24 hour in 70° C boiling water, and microwave). There were tested for their transverse strength. Result: The result of this study showed that conventional JIS method has the highest mean and deviation scores (60.85 MPa ± 2.10) compared to those of 24 hour in 70° C boiling water method (55.77 MPa ± 2.09) and of microwave method (56.60 MPa ± 1.45). Conclusion: The highest transverse strength is derived from the conventional JIS curing method.Latar belakang: Resin akrilik pertama kali dipakai dalam bidang kedokteran gigi untuk basis protesa gigi. Pengetahuan dasar berbagai metode polimerisasi resin akrilik harus diketahui oleh dokter gigi karenapenyempurnaanpenampilan resin akrilik tergantung dari berbagi metode polimerisasi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan metode polimerisasi yang menghasilkan resin akrilik dengan kekuatan transversal yang paling tinggi. Metode: 18 sampel dari resin akrilik berbentuk balok dengan ukuran 65 x 10 x 2,5 mm dibagi dalam 3 kelompok berdasarkan metode polimerisasi yang berbeda (JIS, 24 jam dalam air 70° C, dan microwave). Hasil: Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rerata dan angka deviasi metode polimerisasi JIS konvensional adalah yang terbesar kekuatan transversa (60,85 MPa ± 2,10) dibandingkan dengan metode air 70° C 24 jam (55,77MPa ± 2,09) dan metode microwave (56,60 MPa ± 1,45). Kesimpulan: Kekuatan transversa yang paling besar diperoleh dari metode polimerisasi JIS konvensional.

Denture stomatitis is an inflammation of oral cavity due to removable denture wearing. Prevention of denture stomatitis can be effectively done by using mouth rinsing. Currently, Indonesian government is actively promoting traditional herbal medicine as an alternative medicine such as Psidium guajava Linn leaf which has an anti bacterial and anti fungal ability. The purpose of this study was to know the effective concentration and soaking duration to reduce Candida albicans without lowering transversal strength of acrylic resin. This experimental laboratory study was using heat cured acrylic resin plate without surface polishing. The concentration of Psidium guajava Linn leaf extract used in this study were 32%, 34%, 36%, and 38% respectively with 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour and 8 hours soaking duration. The transversal strength was measured in the same concentration with 2 days, 10 days and 60 days soaking duration. Sterile aquadest was used as control. Two direction ANOVA and LSD test were used in data analysis. The result showed significant difference in the number of Candida albicans colony among concentrations and soaking durations. Significant difference was also found in transversal strength among concentrations and soaking durations. It is concluded that the extract of Psidium guajava Linn leaf in 38% concentration with 8 hours soaking duration will lower the Candida albicans colony, whereas 38% concentration with 60 days soaking duration will lower the transversal strength but it is still above the standard value.