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In order to explore the difference of metabolites before and after tea tree grafting, tea tree grafting was carried out by cutting and grafting method using "Peach-shaped leaf" as the scion and "Short-grafted pekoe" as the rootstock. Substances in tea plants before and after grafting were detected by using broad-targeted metabolomics technology, and multivariate statistical methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to study the difference of metabolites before and after grafting. The results showed that a total of 804 metabolites were detected in tea samples before and after grafting, of which 105 metabolites were significantly different; Compared with that before grafting, 44 differential metabolites were significantly up-regulated in tea samples after grafting, and 61 differential metabolites were significantly down-regulated, and the number of differential metabolites down-regulated was greater than that up-regulated; In addition, the study on KEGG metabolic pathways revealed that these differential metabolites were mainly distributed in 20 metabolic pathways including purine metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, glycerol phosphatide metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, flavonoid and flavonol biosynthesis, carbon sequestration by photosynthetic organisms, caffeine metabolism, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Among them, there were 24 differential metabolites annotated by KEGG, which were dominated by flavone, nucleotides and their derivatives. In addition, most flavonoids in the pathways were significantly up-regulated, while nucleotides and their derivatives were significantly down-regulated. In conclusion, the content of metabolites of the variety "Peach-shaped leaf" is significantly changed after grafting, which can provide a theoretical reference for the processing and production of grafted tea leaves to a certain extent.

Three-dimensional (3D) micro-jet printing is a droplet deposition technique based on liquid-phase materials. To improve the deposition density and performance of energetic films with micro/nanoscale on an energetic chip, polydopamine (PDA) was utilized as a linker bridge to induce the in-situ self-assembly of CL-20-based energetic film via 3D micro-jet printing. The self-assembly was extensively characterized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), SEM, power-XRD, XPS, and DSC. The performance of the self-assembled film was verified by the mechanical properties and detonation properties, and a possible self-assembly mechanism in the layer-by-layer micro-jet printing process was proposed. The results indicated PDA-induced self-assembly enhanced the physical entanglement between the binders and energetic crystal, reduced the porosity from 15.87% to 11.28%, and improved the elastic modulus and the detonation performance of the CL-20-based energetic film. This work proposes a novel and promising energetic film design and fabrication strategy to enhance the interaction between the energetic composite layers in the micro-jet printing process.

A new type of explosive ink formulation that can be quickly cured was prepared with unsaturated polyester as binder, styrene as active monomer, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide as photoinitiator, and hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) as the main explosive. Then the explosive ink direct writing technology was used to charge the micro-sized energetic devices, the curing mechanism of the explosive ink was discussed, and the microstructure, safety performance and explosive transfer performance of the explosive ink molded samples were tested and analyzed. Results indicate that the composite material has a fast curing molding speed, its hardness can reach 2H within 8 min. The crystal form of CL-20 in the molded sample is still ε type. The CL-20 based UV-curing explosive ink formulation has good compatibility, its apparent activation energy is increased by about 3.5 kJ/mol. The composite presents a significant reduction in impact sensitivity and its characteristic drop height can reach 39.8 cm, which is about 3 times higher than the raw material. When the line width of charge is 1.0 mm, the critical thickness of the explosion can reach 0.015 mm, and the explosion velocity is 7129 m/s when the charge density is 1.612 g/cm3.

In order to solve the problem of low sample forming efficiency and uncontrollable crystal type in inkjet printing, a formula of explosive ink suitable for micro-spraying is designed by using hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) as the main explosive, the compound of polyazide glycidyl ether and ethyl cellulose as the bonding system, ethyl acetate as the solvent, and the refined ε-CL-20 as the seed crystal in this paper. The optimal process conditions were determined, and under the optimal process conditions, the explosive ink is written on an aluminum substrate or a glass substrate by micro-spraying direct writing technology, and CL-20 based energetic thin film forming samples are characterized. The results show that the CL-20 crystal form in the sample is ε type and the molding effect is good. The optimum process conditions are as follows: the nozzle has an air pressure of 0.02 MPa, the height is 40 mm, the spraying rate is 0.4 ml min−1, and the substrate temperature is 50°C. The explosive particles in the energetic thin films are spherical. The particle size is about 10 µm, and the particle size distribution is relatively uniform. The density of the composite is 1.567 g cm−3, and the molding density can reach 80.2% of the theoretical density. The activation energy is 242.07 kJ mol−1. The characteristic drop height H50 is 38.5 cm. When the charge width is 0.8 mm, the critical size of the detonation is 0.8 × 0.03 mm2. The detonation wave formed after the shaped sample is detonated in a small groove with a cross-sectional dimension of 1.0 × 1.0 mm2 can successfully pass through multiple continuous 90° charging corners.

Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive ages. Our previous study has implicated a possible link between RNA editing and PCOS, yet the actual role of RNA editing, its association with clinical features, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods Ten RNA-Seq datasets containing 269 samples of multiple tissue types, including granulosa cells, T helper cells, placenta, oocyte, endometrial stromal cells, endometrium, and adipose tissues, were retrieved from public databases. Peripheral blood samples were collected from twelve PCOS and ten controls and subjected to RNA-Seq. Transcriptome-wide RNA-Seq data analysis was conducted to identify differential RNA editing (DRE) between PCOS and controls. The functional significance of DRE was evaluated by luciferase reporter assays and overexpression in human HEK293T cells. Dehydroepiandrosterone and lipopolysaccharide were used to stimulate human KGN granulosa cells to evaluate gene expression. Results RNA editing dysregulations across multiple tissues were found to be associated with PCOS in public datasets. Peripheral blood transcriptome analysis revealed 798 DRE events associated with PCOS. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis, our results revealed a set of hub DRE events in PCOS blood. A DRE event in the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2 (EIF2AK2:chr2:37,100,559) was associated with PCOS clinical features such as luteinizing hormone (LH) and the ratio of LH over follicle-stimulating hormone. Luciferase assays, overexpression, and knockout of RNA editing enzyme adenosine deaminase RNA specific (ADAR) showed that the ADAR-mediated editing cis-regulated EIF2AK2 expression. EIAF2AK2 showed a higher expression after dehydroepiandrosterone and lipopolysaccharide stimulation, triggering changes in the downstrean MAPK pathway. Conclusions Our study presented the first evidence of cross-tissue RNA editing dysregulation in PCOS and its clinical associations. The dysregulation of RNA editing mediated by ADAR and the disrupted target EIF2AK2 may contribute to PCOS development via the MPAK pathway, underlining such epigenetic mechanisms in the disease.

Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is an evolutionarily conserved epigenetic modifier responsible for tri-methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3). Previous studies have linked PRC2 to invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cell development, but its physiological and precise role remained unclear. To address this, we conditionally deleted Eed, a core subunit of PRC2, in mouse T cells. The results showed that Eed-deficient mice exhibited a severe reduction in iNKT cell numbers, particularly NKT1 and NKT17 cells, while conventional T cells and NKT2 cells remained intact. Deletion of Eed disrupted iNKT cell differentiation, leading to increased cell death, which was accompanied by a severe reduction in H3K27me3 levels and abnormal expression of Zbtb16, Cdkn2a, and Cdkn1a. Interestingly, Eed-deficient mice were highly susceptible to acetaminophen-induced liver injury and inflammation in an iNKT cell-dependent manner, highlighting the critical role of Eed-mediated H3K27me3 marks in liver-resident iNKT cells. These findings provide further insight into the epigenetic orchestration of iNKT cell-specific transcriptional programs.

The widespread integration of software into all parts of our lives has led to the need for software of higher reliability. Ensuring reliable software usually necessitates some form of formal methods in the early stages of the development process which requires strenuous effort. Hence, researchers in the field of software reliability introduced Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGMs) as a relatively inexpensive approach to software reliability prediction. Conventional parameter estimation methods of SRGMs were ineffective and left more to be desired. Consequently, researchers sought out swarm intelligence to combat its flaws, resulting in significant improvements. While similar surveys exist within the domain, the surveys are broader in scope and do not cover many swarm intelligence algorithms. Moreover, the broader scope has resulted in the occasional omission of information regarding the design for reliability predictions. A more comprehensive survey containing 38 studies and 18 different swarm intelligence algorithms in the domain is presented. Each design proposed by the studies was systematically analyzed where relevant information including the measures used, datasets used, SRGMs used, and the effectiveness of each proposed design, were extracted and organized into tables and taxonomies to be able to identify the current trends within the domain. Some notable findings include the distance-based approach providing a high prediction accuracy and an increasing trend in hybridized variants of swarm intelligence algorithms designs to predict software reliability. Future researchers are encouraged to include Mean Square Error (MSE) or Root MSE as the measures offer the largest sample size for comparison.

Abstract Background Solute Carrier Family 31 Member 1 (SLC31A1) has recently been identified as a cuproptosis-regulatory gene. Recent studies have indicated that SLC31A1 may play a role in colorectal and lung cancer tumorigenesis. However, the role of SLC31A1 and its cuproptosis-regulatory functions in multiple tumor types remains to be further elucidated. Methods Online websites and datasets such as HPA, TIMER2, GEPIA, OncoVar, and cProSite were used to extract data on SLC31A1 in multiple cancers. DAVID and BioGRID were used to conduct functional analysis and construct the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, respectively. The protein expression data of SLC31A1 was obtained from the cProSite database. Results The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets showed increased SLC31A1 expression in tumor tissues compared with non-tumor tissues in most tumor types. In patients with tumor types including adrenocortical carcinoma, low-grade glioma, or mesothelioma, higher SLC31A1 expression was associated with shorter overall survival and disease-free survival. S105Y was the most prevalent point mutation in SLC31A1 in TCGA pan-cancer datasets. Moreover, SLC31A1 expression was positively correlated with the infiltration of immune cells such as macrophages and neutrophils in tumor tissues in several tumor types. Functional enrichment analysis showed that SLC31A1 co-expressed genes were involved in protein binding, integral components of the membrane, metabolic pathways, protein processing, and endoplasmic reticulum. Copper Chaperone For Superoxide Dismutase, Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-Bisphosphate 3-Kinase Catalytic Subunit Alpha and Solute Carrier Family 31 Member 2 were copper homeostasis-regulated genes shown in the PPI network, and their expression was positively correlated with SLC31A1. Analysis showed there was a correlation between SLC31A1 protein and mRNA in various tumors. Conclusions These findings demonstrated that SLC31A1 is associated with multiple tumor types and disease prognosis. SLC31A1 may be a potential key biomarker and therapeutic target in cancers.

BackgroundDespite continuous advances in microsurgical and endovascular techniques, the treatment of complex aneurysms remains challenging. Aneurysms that are dilemmatic for conventional clipping or endovascular coiling often require bypass as part of a strategy to reduce the risk of ischemic complications. In anatomically favorable sites, the intracranial–intracranial in situ bypass may be an appealing choice. This article details the surgical strategies, operative nuances, and clinical outcomes of this technique with a consecutive series in our department.MethodsA retrospective review of a prospectively maintained neurosurgical patient database was performed to identify all patients treated with side-to-side in situ bypass from January 2016 to June 2022. In total, 12 consecutive patients, including 12 aneurysms, were identified and included in the series. The medical records, surgical videos, neuroimaging studies, and follow-up clinic notes were reviewed for every patient.ResultsOf the 12 aneurysms, there were 5 middle cerebral artery aneurysms, 4 anterior cerebral artery aneurysms, and 3 posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms. The morphology of the aneurysms was fusiform in 8 patients and saccular in the remaining 4 patients. There were 3 patients presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The treatment modality was simple in situ bypass in 8 cases and in situ bypass combined with other modalities in 4 cases. Bypass patency was confirmed in all cases by intraoperative micro-doppler probe and (or) infrared indocyanine green (ICG) video angiography intraoperatively and with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or computed tomography angiography (CTA) postoperatively. None of the patients developed a clinically manifested stroke due to the procedure though a callosomarginal artery was intentionally removed in one patient. The median follow-up period was 16.2 months (6-36). All patients had achieved improved or unchanged modified Rankin scale scores at the final follow-ups.ConclusionCerebral revascularization technique remains an essential skill for the treatment of complex aneurysms. The in situ bypass is one of the most effective techniques to revascularize efferent territory when vital artery sacrifice or occlusion is unavoidable. The configuration of in situ bypass should be carefully tailored to each case, with consideration of variations in anatomy and pathology of the complex aneurysms.

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex, multifactor disorder in women of reproductive age worldwide. Although RNA editing may contribute to a variety of diseases, its role in PCOS remains unclear.MethodsA discovery RNA-Seq dataset was obtained from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus database of granulosa cells from women with PCOS and women without PCOS (controls). A validation RNA-Seq dataset downloaded from the European Nucleotide Archive Databank was used to validate differential editing. Transcriptome-wide investigation was conducted to analyze adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing in PCOS and control samples.ResultsA total of 17,395 high-confidence A-to-I RNA editing sites were identified in 3,644 genes in all GC samples. As for differential RNA editing, there were 545 differential RNA editing (DRE) sites in 259 genes with Nucleoporin 43 (NUP43), Retinoblastoma Binding Protein 4 (RBBP4), and leckstrin homology-like domain family A member 1 (PHLDA) showing the most significant three 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR) editing. Furthermore, we identified 20 DRE sites that demonstrated a significant correlation between editing levels and gene expression levels. Notably, MIR193b-365a Host Gene (MIR193BHG) and Hook Microtubule Tethering Protein 3 (HOOK3) exhibited significant differential expression between PCOS and controls. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these 259 differentially edited genes were mainly related to apoptosis and necroptosis pathways. RNA binding protein (RBP) analysis revealed that RNA Binding Motif Protein 45 (RBM45) was predicted as the most frequent RBP binding with RNA editing sites. Additionally, we observed a correlation between editing levels of differential editing sites and the expression level of the RNA editing enzyme Adenosine Deaminase RNA Specific B1 (ADARB1). Moreover, the existence of 55 common differentially edited genes and nine differential editing sites were confirmed in the validation dataset.ConclusionOur current study highlighted the potential role of RNA editing in the pathophysiology of PCOS as an epigenetic process. These findings could provide valuable insights into the development of more targeted and effective treatment options for PCOS.

This article used self-reporting inventory, self-test questionnaire, and other methods, chose four vocational schools in Shanghai for comparing experimental study of mental health, conducted experiments on experimental group and control group, and analyzed the current mental health of young students in Shanghai. It shows that the sunshine sports could significantly improve the students' mental health. The conclusion is that carrying out sunshine sports in vocational school extensively plays an important role in promoting mental health of young people in school. But some of the vocational schools in Shanghai in carrying out sunshine sports need to be improved. (Contains 3 tables.)

Objective To investigate the value of predicting the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques in assessment of intraplaque neovascularization using carotid contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Methods A total of 24 cases diagnosed as moderate to severe carotid stenosis by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) from September 2017 to October 2018. Preoperative carotid contrast-enhanced ultrasound and postoperative pathological examination were performed in the patients. Results Compared with postoperative pathological results, 22 cases were clearly diagnosed by preoperative carotid contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and 2 cases were missed. The precision rate of preoperative diagnosis was 91.67% (22/24). Meanwhile carotid plaques were divided into four grades (Grade Ⅰ-Ⅳ) according to the degree of enhancing extent of contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Each grade included 6 cases (25%). Pearson correlation analysis showed there was an evidently positive correlation between preoperative grade of carotid plaques and number of intraplaque CD34-positive neovessels (r = 0.871, P = 0.000). The value of area under the curve (AUC) was 0.927 (95% CI: 0.848-1.006, P = 0.000). Conclusions The grade of carotid plaques was positively related to intraplaque CD34-positive neovessels. Hence, carotid contrast-enhanced ultrasound plays an important role in predicting the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques and risk of ischemic stroke and judging optimal surgical time. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2019.03.009

Objective To investigate the serum homocysteine (Hcy) level and intima-media thickness (IMT) of patients with carotid artery stenosis and the relation between the two. Methods A total of 126 patients diagnosed as carotid artery stenosis and performed by carotid endarterectomy (CEA) from January 2012 to April 2018 were selected in this study. The extent of carotid artery stenosis was evaluated by carotid Doppler color ultrasound and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Serum Hcy levels were measured in all patients and 100 healthy controls. Results The average concentration of serum Hcy [(16.47 ± 6.53) μ mol/L vs. (10.53 ± 3.39) μ mol/L; t = 8.828, P = 0.000], the incidence rate of hyperhomocysteinemia [61 cases (48.41%) vs. 6 cases (6%); χ2 = 48.084, P = 0.000] and IMT of carotid artery [(1.33 ± 0.15) mm vs. (0.82 ± 0.11) mm; t = 28.462, P = 0.000] in carotid artery stenosis group were significantly higher than those in control group. According to the extent of carotid artery stenosis, the carotid artery stenosis group was further divided into moderate (N = 10) and severe (N = 116) carotid artery stenosis subgroups. The average concentration of serum Hcy in moderate stenosis group was significantly lower than that in severe stenosis group [(13.44 ± 2.83) μmol/L vs. (16.73 ± 6.69) μmol/L; t = -3.022, P = 0.007]. Nevertheless, the incidence rate of hyperhomocysteinemia [2 cases (2/10) vs. 59 cases (50.86%); adjusted χ2 = 2.384, P = 0.123] had no significant difference between 2 subgroups. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that the concentration of serum Hcy was positively related with IMT of carotid artery (r = 0.610, P = 0.032). Conclusions Patients with carotid artery stenosis present higher level of serum Hcy, which is positively associated with IMT. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2019.01.009

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of microsurgery and endovascular interventional embolization for treating intracranial arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Methods A total of 53 AVM patients underwent microsurgery (N = 27) and endovascular interventional embolization (N = 26). Postoperative DSA revealed the resection of malformed vessels and embolization. Surgery-related complications were recorded, and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to evaluate the prognosis one month after operation. Results In microsurgery group, postoperative re-examination revealed complete resection in 26 out of 27 cases, with the cure rate of 96.30% (26/27). After operation, limb movement disorder occurred in 2 cases (7.41% ), neurological dysfunction occurred in one case (3.70% ) and status epilepticus (SE) occurred in one case (3.70% ). The occurrence rate of postoperative complications was 14.81% (4/27). One month after operation, GOS showed 5 score in 15 cases (55.56%), 4 score in 10 cases (37.03%) and 3 score in 2 cases (7.41%). The rate of good prognosis was 92.59% (25/27). In endovascular interventional embolization group, postoperative re-examination revealed complete embolization in 8 out of 26 cases, with the cure rate of 30.77% (8/26). After operation, limb movement disorder occurred in 2 cases (7.69%) and neurological dysfunction occurred in 2 cases (7.69%). The occurrence rate of postoperative complications was 15.38% (4/26). One month after operation, GOS showed 5 score in 17 cases (65.38%), 4 in 7 cases (26.92% ) and 3 in 2 cases (7.69% ). The rate of good prognosis was 92.31% (24/26). Conclusions Microsurgery is a safe and effective treatment for intracranial AVM. Endovascular interventional embolization can also achieve good curative effect for patients with intracranial AVM under Puerto Rico scale ≤ 3 score. Multiple and staged embolization or embolization combined with radiotherapy can effectively relieve symptoms and improve prognosis for patients with complex intracranial AVM. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.12.007

Abstract Objective The association between ELP4 rs986527 polymorphism and the occurrence and development of intracranial arachnoid cyst was studied in this paper. Methods Eighty‐five patients diagnosed with intracranial arachnoid cysts by cerebral computed tomography scan were selected. Sixty‐three healthy volunteers for medical examination in hospitals served as controls. The cognition, depressive symptoms, and the likelihood of headache, dizziness, head trauma history, dementia, depression, and epilepsy were assessed. ELP4 genotypes and its allele frequency were determined by PCR, endonuclease restriction analysis, and gel electrophoresis. Results ELP4 rs986527 had three genotypes: TT, TC, and CC. The intracranial arachnoid cyst group showed no statistically significant difference in genotype frequencies compared with healthy controls. There was no significant correlation between ELP4 rs986527 polymorphism and location of intracranial arachnoid cyst. TC and C genotype frequencies were associated with a higher incidence of clinical symptoms than TT genotype frequencies, and C allele frequencies were associated with a significantly higher incidence of clinical symptoms compared with T allele frequencies. There was no significant difference in TNF‐α and IL‐1β levels between TT/TC/CC genotypes before treatment. After treatment, the levels of TNF‐α and IL‐1β were significantly decreased in different genotypes, and the decrease in CC was the greatest. The frequency of TT and TC genotypes was higher than that of CC genotypes. Conclusion ELP4 rs986527 polymorphism affected the incidence of clinical symptoms and the levels of TNF‐α and IL‐1β in patients with intracranial arachnoid cysts.

The solid-liquid equilibrium and thermodynamic properties of FOX-7 in three binary mixed solvents (N-methyl pyrrolidone-water, N,N-dimethylacetamide-water and 1,4-Butyrolactone-water) are studied by focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) dynamic detection method and the solubility is predicted by conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) under atmospheric pressure from 298.15 to 343.15 K. The results show that the solubility of FOX-7 increase with the increasing temperature and the mole fraction of W-methyl pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide and 1,4-Butyrolactone. The solubility data can be well correlated by Apelblat, van't Hoff and Yaws equation. The data of hybrid thermodynamic parameters (including the hybrid enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy) show that the dissolution process is endothermic, non-spontaneous and enthalpy driven. In addition, COSMO-RS can accurately predict the increasing trend of solubility with increasing of temperature and mole fraction of solvent. However, the COSMO-RS overestimates solubility in three binary solvents except for xNMP = 0.1575, the average mean squared quadratic error becomes larger with an increasing mole fraction of water. Solubility data and thermodynamic parameters can lay a foundation for the crystallization and spheroidization modification of FOX-7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intraoperative MRI navigation in the microsurgical treatment of arteriovenous malformations (AVM) located near the main functional areas of brain. Methods A total of 53 patients with AVM in the adjacent functional areas were treated by microsurgical operation with intraoperative MRI navigation and electrophysiological monitoring. Blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) examinations were performed before and during operation. We fused BOLD-fMRI and DTI images to form three-dimensional images containing lesions, important functional areas and pyramidal tract so as to study the relationship between them and their changes before and after operation. Results The diameter of malformations in 53 patients was 2-7 cm, on average of (3.41 ± 0.85) cm. There were 6 patients involved in sensory areas, 7 patients in motor areas, 10 patients in pyramidal tract, 14 patients in language areas, 2 patients in visual cortex, 9 patients in optic radiation, 2 patients in basal ganglia and 3 patients in brain stem. Gross total resection was achieved in 49 patients while full functionality was retained. The other 4 patients with intraoperative MRI navigation were found that malformations and functional areas were closely related, so the lesions were partially resected. There were 8 patients with new-onset postoperative neurological dysfunction, among whom one case was found bilateral visual field defects, 3 patients' muscle tone was lower than before, one case of facial paralysis, 2 cases of aphasia, one with decreased muscle tone and motor aphasia. Follow-up period varied from 3 to 60 months [median 19.37 (6.00, 30.00) months], and 2 cases died (one died of respiratory failure after one year, and the other was agnogenic). Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score was 5 in 45 cases (84.91%), 4 in 3 cases (5.66%), 3 in 2 cases (3.77%), 2 in one case (1.89%) and one in 2 cases (3.77%). Conclusions With the application of intraoperative MRI navigation and electrophysiological monitoring, it may be appropriate to expand the surgical indications of AVM located near the main functional areas of brain. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2016.12.006

Background. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common disease with high morbidity and mortality around the world. The aim of this research was to determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which may serve as potential therapeutic targets or new biomarkers in AMI. Methods. From the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, three gene expression profiles (GSE775, GSE19322, and GSE97494) were downloaded. To identify the DEGs, integrated bioinformatics analysis and robust rank aggregation (RRA) method were applied. These DEGs were performed through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses by using Clusterprofiler package. In order to explore the correlation between these DEGs, the interaction network of protein-protein internet (PPI) was constructed using the STRING database. Utilizing the MCODE plug-in of Cytoscape, the module analysis was performed. Utilizing the cytoHubba plug-in, the hub genes were screened out. Results. 57 DEGs in total were identified, including 2 down- and 55 upregulated genes. These DEGs were mainly enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and so on. The module analysis filtered out 18 key genes, including Cxcl5, Arg1, Cxcl1, Spp1, Selp, Ptx3, Tnfaip6, Mmp8, Serpine1, Ptgs2, Il6, Il1r2, Il1b, Ccl3, Ccr1, Hmox1, Cxcl2, and Ccl2. Ccr1 was the most fundamental gene in PPI network. 4 hub genes in total were identified, including Cxcl1, Cxcl2, Cxcl5, and Mmp8. Conclusion. This study may provide credible molecular biomarkers in terms of screening, diagnosis, and prognosis for AMI. Meanwhile, it also serves as a basis for exploring new therapeutic target for AMI.

An effective object tracking method using weighted pixel features was proposed to deal with all kinds of complicated tracking situations,such as target movement,rotation,background interference and scaling and so on.First,the color feature and location information of the pixels in the target area were used to build the object model.Then the average weight image was used to estimate the scale variation coefficient.The aim was to adapt to the scale changes of the target.Finally,an update model was proposed,which was able to renew the object model and background model.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm could make full use of the differences between pixels in the target area,so it can track more quickly and more effectively with strong robustness.

This study aims to determine the difference in the inhibitory effect of temozolomide (TMZ) on TJ905 glioma cells and stem cells. TJ905 cancer stem cells were isolated. Livin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family. The TJ905 cells and cancer stem cells were transfected with a Livin-shRNA and negative-shRNA, respectively, and then treated with TMZ. At 48 h post-transfection, a cell counting kit 8 assay, flow cytometry, and real-time qPCR were performed to detect cell proliferation, the cell cycle, and the expression of the Caspase-3, -7, and -9 mRNAs, respectively. As a result, the suppressive effect of TMZ on TJ905 cells was more significant than its effect on TJ905 cancer stem cells. TMZ exerted an inhibitory effect on the growth of TJ905 glioma cells by arresting them at G0/G1 phase and arresting cancer stem cells at S phase in a dose-dependent manner. TMZ inhibited Livin mRNA expression and increased the expression of the Caspase-3, -7, and -9 mRNAs. Low Livin mRNA expression induced high levels of Caspase-3, -7, and -9 expressions, thus promoting the apoptosis of both TJ905 cells and cancer stem cells in response to TMZ treatment. The TJ905 cells transfected with the Livin-shRNA were more sensitive to TMZ, whereas the TJ905 glioma stem cells transfected with the Livin-shRNA showed no significant changes in their sensitivity to TMZ. In conclusion, the Livin gene may play an important role in the resistance mechanisms of TJ905 glioma cells and cancer stem cells. However, Livin had a more distinct role in TMZ resistance, cell proliferation, and the cell cycle in TJ905 glioma cells than in cancer stem cells.

This paper presents the evaluation of the automobile coil-spring strain-displacement relationship for strain signals generation and fatigue life predictions. The development of a strain and spring vertical displacement relationship is significant because measuring vehicle wheel displacements and forces are complex and costly. Hence, there is a need to estimate the strain data using alternative measurement, such as vibration signals. In this analysis, strain and acceleration data were collected from a vehicle that has travelled on different road conditions. Through the material elastic strain energy and spring potential energy relationship, a coil-spring parameterise strain-displacement relationship has been developed and evaluated using a scatter band and correlation approach. Using this proposed model, the strain time histories were obtained based on acceleration data. For fatigue life analysis, most of the predicted fatigue life was distributed in the acceptable range using the scatter band approach where the data correlated at coefficient of determination value (R2) of 0.8788. With a suitable correlation value, this analysis proposed an alternative strain generation method for suspension coil spring fatigue life prediction, which could significantly shorten the spring development time.

This paper presents the evaluation of frequency-based approach predicted spring using acceleration signals that were collected from various road conditions. Random loadings in the forms of acceleration are nominal and more flexible for vehicle components fatigue assessment. In this analysis, the strain time history of the spring and acceleration signals of the suspension strut was measured from three different road conditions. The acceleration signals were then transformed into power spectra density (PSD). PSD cycle counter, like Lalanne, Dirlik, and narrow band approach, was applied to obtain equivalent load cycles. The stress response was obtained through having the equivalent load cycles with a spring modal frequency response function (FRF) and different stress criterion, like absolute maximum principal and critical plane approaches. Then, the stress response was used to predict the spring fatigue life using stress-life (S-N) approach. The results revealed that the harshest road condition was the rural road where the spring with fatigue life of 4.47 × 107 blocks to failure was obtained. The strain predicted fatigue life was used to validate the frequency-based predictions using a conservative approach. It was found that the Dirlik approach has shown the closest results to the strain life approach, which suggested that the Dirlik approach could be used for spring fatigue life prediction with the acceptable accuracy.

The electrocatalytic properties of a SiC particle-modified glassy carbon electrode (MGC) for adrenaline oxidation were studied by cyclic voltammetry, double- potential slep chronoculometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a pH 7.4 physiological Kres–Ringer phosphate buffer (KRPB) solution. It was shown that modification of the electrode with SiC particles has a marked electrocatalytic effect on the electrochemical reaction of adrenaline, i.e., the activity and the reversibility of the MGC electrode were significantly improved compared to an ummodified electrode. This was attributed to the adsorption effect of the electroactive adrenaline molecules on the MGC electrode surface.