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The high catalytic activity of photocatalysts is greatly influenced by the efficient separation of photogenerated charge carriers. In this study, six g‐C3N4‐based COFs are designed and synthesized, and CN‐203 is identified as the most efficient photocatalyst through experimental screening. Quantitative measurements reveal that singlet oxygen production is ≈100 times that of ·O2− and 5000 times that of ·OH. When combined with PMS, CN‐203 exhibits degradation rates for RhB and TC that are ≈30 (k = 0.0293 s−1) and 10 (k = 0.2940 min−1) times faster than those of CN550(RhB, k = 0.0531 min−1; TC, k = 0.0301 min−1), respectively. Structural simulations and calculations show that the modified CN‐203 have better electron–hole separation in the excited state, and the energy gap between HOMO and LUMO is significantly reduced after modification. The study also revealed the structure–function relationship between the modification of the same site with different functional groups and its effect on photocatalysis. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the relationship between surface structure and photocatalytic applications.

Diamide derivatives are biologically active molecules that have been widely applied in recent years in research on pesticides, especially insecticides. Using a simple and environmentally friendly scheme, a series of new diamide derivatives containing a trifluoromethylpyridine skeleton was designed, synthesized, and confirmed by 1H, 19F and 13C NMR, and HR-MS. Their insecticidal activities against Plutella xylostella and Helicoverpa armigera were measured and the relationship between structure and activity was investigated. Eight of the title compounds (D2, D5, D10, D21, D28, D29, D30 and D33) showed 100% activity against P. xylostella at 500 mg L–1. One compound, D33, still showed 100% activity against P. xylostella at 100 mg L–1 and had the lowest LC50 (lethal concentration 50%, 3.7 mg L–1) among the synthesized compounds. Molecular docking analysis revealed that D33 could be thoroughly embedded in the active pocket of the ryanodine receptor via hydrogen bonding in a manner similar to the commercial insecticide chlorantraniliprole.