4,105 results on '"Sheng, Zhou"'
Search Results
2. Comparative pathogenicity of influenza virus-induced pneumonia mouse model following intranasal and aerosolized intratracheal inoculation
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Xiu-Yu Jin, Hui-Ying Yang, Guang-Yu Zhao, Chen-Xi Dai, Zai-Qing Zhang, Dong-Sheng Zhou, Qi Yin, and Er-Hei Dai
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Influenza ,Aerosolization ,Intratracheal ,Intranasal ,Mice ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Infection of mice with mouse-adapted strains of influenza virus has been widely used to establish mouse pneumonia models. Intranasal inoculation is the traditional route for constructing an influenza virus-induced pneumonia mouse model, while intratracheal inoculation has been gradually applied in recent years. In this article, the pathogenicity of influenza virus-induced pneumonia mouse models following intranasal and aerosolized intratracheal inoculation were compared. Methods By comparing the two ways of influenza inoculation, intranasal and intratracheal, a variety of indices such as survival rate, body weight change, viral titer and load, pathological change, lung wet/dry ratio, and inflammatory factors were investigated. Meanwhile, the transcriptome was applied for the initial exploration of the mechanism underlying the variations in the results between the two inoculation methods. Results The findings suggest that aerosolized intratracheal infection leads to more severe lung injury and higher viral loads in the lungs compared to intranasal infection, which may be influenced by the initial site of infection, sialic acid receptor distribution, and host innate immunity. Conclusion Intratracheal inoculation is a better method for modelling severe pneumonia in mice than intranasal infection.
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- 2024
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3. Obstacle Avoidance Path Planning Strategy for Autonomous Vehicles Based on Genetic Algorithm
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Xiaofeng WENG, Fei LIU, Sheng ZHOU, Jiacheng MAI, and Shaoxiang FENG
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autonomous vehicle ,genetic algorithm ,anti-collision model ,path planning ,sequential quadratic programming ( sqp ) ,Transportation engineering ,TA1001-1280 - Abstract
In order to enhance the driving ability of autonomous vehicles on structured roads and enable them to plan safe and comfortable paths, we propose an obstacle avoidance path strategy for autonomous vehicles based on genetic algorithm. The use of Frenet-Serret enhances the adaptability of the algorithm in complex environments. In order to improve the generation and optimisation of obstacle avoidance trajectory, we establish an anti-collision model. When the vehicle faces a potential collision with an obstacle, the genetic algorithm quickly iterates and selects the first nine genes to generate the rough solution and convex space of the path. Combined with convex space, the quadratic programming method will numerically optimise the generated rough solution to generate an accurate path that satisfies the constraints. In addition, in order to ensure the safety and comfort in the process of obstacle avoidance, based on the dynamic constraints of the vehicle, the speed planning is used to determine the speed curve. We simulate in various scenarios involving moving obstacles. The real-time simulation based on the HIL platform proves that the proposed path planning strategy is effective in various driving scenarios.
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- 2024
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4. Association of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and gallstones among US adults aged ≤ 50 years: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2017–2020
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Quankai Cheng, Ziming Wang, Haicheng Zhong, Sheng Zhou, Chang Liu, Jingjing Sun, Sihai Zhao, and Jie Deng
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NHHR ,NHANES ,Gallstone ,Cross-sectional study ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Abstract Background The chronic digestive condition gallstones is quite common around the world, the development of which is closely related to oxidative stress, inflammatory response and abnormalities of lipid metabolism. In the last few years, as a novel biomarker of lipid metabolism, the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) has garnered significant interest. However, its relationship with gallstones has not been studied yet. Methods 3,772 people, all under 50, were included in this study, and their full data came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database for the years 2017–2020. Information on gallstones was obtained through self-reported questionnaires. Smoothed curve fitting multifactorial logistic regression was utilized to evaluate the connection of NHHR with gallstone formation incidence. Subsequently, subgroup analysis and interaction tests were applied. Finally, to create a prediction model, logistic regression and feature screening by last absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used. The resulting model was displayed using a nomogram. Results In multivariate logistic regression that accounted for all factors, there was a 77% increase in the likelihood of gallstones for every unit rise in lnNHHR (OR 1.77 [CI 1.11–2.83]). Following NHHR stratification, the Q4 NHHR level was substantially more linked to the risk of gallstones than the Q1 level (OR 1.86 [CI 1.04–3.32]). This correlation was stronger in women, people under 35, smokers, abstainers from alcohol, non-Hispanic White people, those with excessively high cholesterol, people with COPD, and people without diabetes. After feature screening, a predictive model and visualized nomogram for gallstones were constructed with an AUC of 0.785 (CI 0.745–0.819), which was assessed by DCA to be clinically important. Conclusion In the group of people ≤ 50 years of age, elevated NHHR levels were substantially linked to a higher incidence of gallstones. This correlation was stronger in several specific groups such as females, under 35 years of age, smokers, and so on. Predictive models constructed using the NHHR have potential clinical value in assessing gallstone formation.
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- 2024
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5. The tripartite motif-containing 24 is a multifunctional player in human cancer
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Yuanbing Yao, Sheng Zhou, Yue Yan, Kai Fu, and Shuai Xiao
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TRIM24 ,Transcription regulation ,Cell proliferation ,Epithelial–mesenchymal transition ,Cancer treatment ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Abstract Tripartite motif-containing 24 (TRIM24), also known as transcriptional intermediary factor 1α (TIF1α), is the founding member of TIF1 family. Recent evidence indicates that aberrant expression of TRIM24, functions as an oncogene, is associated with poor prognosis across various cancer types. TRIM24 exhibits a multifaceted structure comprising an N-terminal TRIM region with a RING domain, B-box type 1 and type 2 domains, and a coiled-coil region, as well as a C-terminal plant-homeodomain (PHD)-bromodomain. The bromodomain serves as a ‘reader’ of epigenetic histone marks, regulating chromatin structure and gene expression by linking associated proteins to acetylated nucleosomal targets, thereby controlling transcription of genes. Notably, bromodomains have emerged as compelling targets for cancer therapeutic development. In addition, TRIM24 plays specialized roles as a signal transduction molecule, orchestrating various cellular signaling cascades in cancer cells. Herein, we review the recent advancements in understanding the functions of TRIM24, and demonstrate the research progress in utilizing TRIM24 as a target for cancer therapy.
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- 2024
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6. A family of gradient methods using Householder transformation with application to hypergraph partitioning
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Zhang, Xin, Chang, Jingya, Ge, Zhili, and Sheng, Zhou
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- 2024
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7. Cinobufotalin prevents bone loss induced by ovariectomy in mice through the BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathways
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Da‐zhuang Lu, Li‐jun Zeng, Yang Li, Ran‐li Gu, Meng‐long Hu, Ping Zhang, Peng Yu, Xiao Zhang, Zheng‐wei Xie, Hao Liu, and Yong‐sheng Zhou
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BMPs/SMAD ,bone loss ,cinobufotalin ,hBMMSCs ,osteogenesis ,osteoporosis ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease characterized by bone loss and decreased bone strength. However, current anti‐resorptive drugs carry a risk of various complications. The deep learning‐based efficacy prediction system (DLEPS) is a forecasting tool that can effectively compete in drug screening and prediction based on gene expression changes. This study aimed to explore the protective effect and potential mechanisms of cinobufotalin (CB), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), on bone loss. Methods DLEPS was employed for screening anti‐osteoporotic agents according to gene profile changes in primary osteoporosis. Micro‐CT, histological and morphological analysis were applied for the bone protective detection of CB, and the osteogenic differentiation/function in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) were also investigated. The underlying mechanism was verified using qRT‐PCR, Western blot (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), etc. Results A safe concentration (0.25 mg/kg in vivo, 0.05 μM in vitro) of CB could effectively preserve bone mass in estrogen deficiency‐induced bone loss and promote osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs. Both BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathways participated in CB‐induced osteogenic differentiation, further regulating the expression of osteogenesis‐associated factors, and ultimately promoting osteogenesis. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that CB could significantly reverse estrogen deficiency‐induced bone loss, further promoting osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs, with BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathways involved.
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- 2024
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8. Wear and corrosion properties of Cu–AlN composite coatings deposited by cold spray
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Sheng Zhou, Jinfang Wang, Weili Wang, Ling Shao, Sheng Dai, Dongdong Zhu, Qingsong Lu, Meng Zhang, Yong Zhang, and Liu Zhu
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Cold spraying ,Corrosion resistance ,Cu–AlN coatings ,Hardness ,Wear resistance ,Mining engineering. Metallurgy ,TN1-997 - Abstract
Copper and copper alloy are commonly used to fabricate ship propellers and sealing valves that encounter harsh corrosion and wear. To improve their service life, Cu coating and Cu–AlN composite coatings with different volume content of AlN (10%, 20%, 30%) were prepared by cold spraying. The investigation focused on analyzing the coatings’ microstructure, microhardness, resistance to wear, and corrosion. Results show that the composite coatings with AlN have fewer pores and denser microstructure than the Cu coating. The coating demonstrates a relatively low deposition efficiency, resulting in the attainment of only 3.8 vol% of AlN when the feedstock AlN powder content was 30 vol%. The microhardness of Cu-3.8AlN coating is 159.7 HV, about 53.1% higher than that of Cu coating. The specific wear rate of Cu-3.8AlN coating is reduced by about 73.5% compared to that of Cu coating, measuring at 1.69 × 10−3 mm3/(N·m). Compared with other coatings, Cu-3.8AlN has the highest corrosion resistance (Ecorr = −0.199 V, Icorr = 1.2 μA/cm2, Rct = 3200 Ω·cm2). The Cu-3.8AlN coating exhibits superior wear and corrosion resistance among the four coatings, attributed to its highest level of densification and the presence of AlN particles.
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- 2024
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9. Cardiac macrophages in maintaining heart homeostasis and regulating ventricular remodeling of heart diseases
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Mengjie Kang, Hui Jia, Mei Feng, Haolin Ren, Junjia Gao, Yueyang Liu, Lu Zhang, and Ming-Sheng Zhou
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macrophages ,heart diseases ,metabolic reprogramming ,polarization ,cardiac remodeling ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Macrophages are most important immune cell population in the heart. Cardiac macrophages have broad-spectrum and heterogeneity, with two extreme polarization phenotypes: M1 pro-inflammatory macrophages (CCR2-ly6Chi) and M2 anti-inflammatory macrophages (CCR2-ly6Clo). Cardiac macrophages can reshape their polarization states or phenotypes to adapt to their surrounding microenvironment by altering metabolic reprogramming. The phenotypes and polarization states of cardiac macrophages can be defined by specific signature markers on the cell surface, including tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), C-C chemokine receptor type (CCR)2, IL-4 and arginase (Arg)1, among them, CCR2+/- is one of most important markers which is used to distinguish between resident and non-resident cardiac macrophage as well as macrophage polarization states. Dedicated balance between M1 and M2 cardiac macrophages are crucial for maintaining heart development and cardiac functional and electric homeostasis, and imbalance between macrophage phenotypes may result in heart ventricular remodeling and various heart diseases. The therapy aiming at specific target on macrophage phenotype is a promising strategy for treatment of heart diseases. In this article, we comprehensively review cardiac macrophage phenotype, metabolic reprogramming, and their role in maintaining heart health and mediating ventricular remodeling and potential therapeutic strategy in heart diseases.
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- 2024
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10. Association study reveals a susceptibility locus with male pattern baldness in the Han Chinese population
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Yang Li, He Huang, Bo Liang, Feng-Li Xiao, Fu-Sheng Zhou, Xiao-Dong Zheng, Sen Yang, and Xue-Jun Zhang
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association study ,2q31.1 ,male pattern baldness ,androgenetic alopecia ,single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ,replication ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
IntroductionMale pattern baldness (MPB), also known as androgenetic alopecia, represents the most prevalent form of progressive hair loss in humans. It is characterized by a distinctive pattern of hair loss progression from the scalp; however, its underlying mechanism remains elusive and is influenced by hereditary, immune, and environmental factors. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have uncovered numerous risk genes/loci among European individuals with MPB. However, the validation of these susceptibility genes/loci within Han Chinese men remains largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the 71 susceptibility loci identified in a recent GWAS among European men also confer risk for MPB in Chinese men.MethodsForty-seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously reported in GWASs of MPB were selected and genotyped in independent individuals comprising 499 Han Chinese cases and 1,489 controls using the Sequenom MassArray system. After stringent quality control measures, 25 SNPs were subjected to statistical analyses. Cochran–Armitage trend test was used to evaluate the association between SNPs and disease susceptibility. To address multiple tests, Bonferroni correction was conducted, setting the threshold for statistical significance at a p-value
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- 2024
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11. Role of naringin in the treatment of atherosclerosis
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Yan Lu, De-Hong Li, Ji-Mei Xu, and Sheng Zhou
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naringin ,atherosclerosis ,vascular smooth muscle cell ,endothelial cell ,inflammation ,antioxidant ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a major pathological basis of coronary heart disease. However, the currently available medications are unable to effectively reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in the majority of patients with AS. Therefore, naringin has been attracting considerable attention owing to its anti-AS effects. Naringin can inhibit the growth, proliferation, invasion, and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, ameliorate endothelial cell inflammation and apoptosis, lower blood pressure, halt the cell cycle at the G1 phase, and impede growth via its antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects. These activities suggest the potential anti-AS effects of naringin. In this review article, we comprehensively summarized the latest findings on the anti-AS effects of naringin and their underlying mechanisms, providing a crucial reference for future research on the anti-AS potential of this agent.
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- 2024
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12. Puerarin attenuates myocardial ischemic injury and endoplasmic reticulum stress by upregulating the Mzb1 signal pathway
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Jiaojiao Xue, Haolin Ren, Qi Zhang, Jing Gu, Qian Xu, Jiaxi Sun, Lu Zhang, and Ming-Sheng Zhou
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puerarin ,acute myocardial infarction ,endoplasmic reticulum ,mitochondria function ,Mzb1 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
ObjectiveThis study investigated the role of Mzb1 in puerarin protection against heart injury and dysfunction in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) mice.MethodsC57BL/6 mice were pretreated with and without puerarin at doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg for 14 days before establishing the AMI model. An AMI model was induced by ligating the left descending anterior coronary artery, and AC16 cardiomyocytes were treated with H2O2in vitro. Echocardiography was performed to measure cardiac function. DHE staining, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase assay, and DCFH-DA oxidative fluorescence staining were used to determine reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in vivo and in vitro. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict potential upstream transcription factors of Mzb1.ResultsPuerarin dose-dependently reduced myocardial infarction area and injury, accompanied by the improvement of cardiac function in AMI mice. AMI mice manifested an increase in myocardial oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial biogenesis dysfunction, which were inhibited by pretreatment with puerarin. Puerarin also prevented Mzb1 downregulation in the hearts of AMI mice or H2O2-treated AC16 cells. Consistent with the in vivo findings, puerarin inhibited H2O2-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, ER stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which were attenuated by siRNA Mzb1. Furthermore, the JASPAR website predicted that KLF4 may be a transcription factor for Mzb1. The expression of KLF4 was partially reversed by puerarin in the cardiomyocyte injury model, and KLF4 inhibitor (kenpaullone) inhibited Mzb1 expression and affected its function.ConclusionThese results suggest that puerarin can protect against cardiac injury by attenuating oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress through upregulating the KLF4/Mzb1 pathway and that puerarin may expand our armamentarium for the prevention and treatment of ischemic heart diseases.
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- 2024
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13. Practical Constructions for Single Input Functionality Against a Dishonest Majority.
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Zhelei Zhou, Bingsheng Zhang, Hong-Sheng Zhou, and Kui Ren 0001
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- 2024
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14. Inversive-Reasoning Augmentation for Natural Language Inference.
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Xixi Zhou, Xin Jie, Sheng Zhou 0004, Keyue Shi, Zhi Yu, Jiajun Bu, and Haishuai Wang
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- 2024
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15. MMAD: Multi-modal Movie Audio Description.
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Xiaojun Ye, Junhao Chen, Xiang Li, Haidong Xin, Chao Li, Sheng Zhou 0004, and Jiajun Bu
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- 2024
16. CPDG: A Contrastive Pre-Training Method for Dynamic Graph Neural Networks.
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Yuanchen Bei, Hao Xu, Sheng Zhou 0004, Huixuan Chi, Haishuai Wang, Mengdi Zhang, Zhao Li 0007, and Jiajun Bu
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- 2024
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17. Distributionally Robust Graph-based Recommendation System.
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Bohao Wang, Jiawei Chen 0007, Changdong Li, Sheng Zhou 0004, Qihao Shi, Yang Gao 0001, Yan Feng, Chun Chen 0001, and Can Wang 0001
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- 2024
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18. Macro Graph Neural Networks for Online Billion-Scale Recommender Systems.
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Hao Chen 0062, Yuanchen Bei, Qijie Shen, Yue Xu, Sheng Zhou 0004, Wenbing Huang 0001, Feiran Huang, Senzhang Wang, and Xiao Huang 0001
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- 2024
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19. Exploiting Symmetric Temporally Sparse BPTT for Efficient RNN Training.
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Xi Chen, Chang Gao 0002, Zuowen Wang, Longbiao Cheng, Sheng Zhou, Shih-Chii Liu, and Tobi Delbruck
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- 2024
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20. Rethinking Propagation for Unsupervised Graph Domain Adaptation.
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Meihan Liu, Zeyu Fang, Zhen Zhang 0023, Ming Gu 0014, Sheng Zhou 0004, Xin Wang 0019, and Jiajun Bu
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- 2024
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21. SIGformer: Sign-aware Graph Transformer for Recommendation.
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Sirui Chen, Jiawei Chen 0007, Sheng Zhou 0004, Bohao Wang, Shen Han, Chanfei Su, Yuqing Yuan, and Can Wang 0001
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- 2024
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22. Joint Frame Structure and Beamwidth Optimization for Integrated Localization and Communication.
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Tianhao Liang, Zhaoyi Yu, Tingting Zhang, Sheng Zhou 0001, Wentao Liu, Dong Li, and Zhisheng Niu
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- 2024
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23. RSU-Aided Energy-Efficient Collaborative Perception for Connected Autonomous Vehicles.
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Minh David Thao Chan, Zhaojun Nan, Yukuan Jia, Sheng Zhou 0001, and Zhisheng Niu
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- 2024
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24. CPU-Utilization-Aware Scheduling for In-Vehicle Distributed Computing.
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Jintao Yan, Yunchu Han, Zhaojun Nan, and Sheng Zhou 0001
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- 2024
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25. NEAT1 inhibits the angiogenic activity of cerebral arterial endothelial cells by inducing the M1 polarization of microglia through the AMPK signaling pathway
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Ting Chen, Xin Huang, Yi-Xuan Zhao, Zhi-wen Zhou, and Wen-sheng Zhou
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NEAT1 ,Microglia ,Cerebrovascular endothelial cells ,Angiogenesis ,AMPK ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Abstract Background Enhancing angiogenesis may be an effective strategy to promote functional recovery after ischemic stroke. Inflammation regulates angiogenesis. Microglia are crucial cells that initiate inflammatory responses after various brain injuries. Long noncoding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) plays a role in regulating brain injury. This study aimed to explore the effects of NEAT1-regulated microglial polarization on the neovascularization capacity of cerebrovascular endothelial cells and the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms. Methods Mouse cerebral arterial endothelial cells (mCAECs) were co-cultured with BV-2 cells in different groups using a Transwell system. NEAT1 expression levels were measured by fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, Arg-1, IL-4, and IL-10 were determined using ELISA. Expression levels of CD86 and CD163 were detected by immunofluorescence. The neovascularization capacity of mCAECs was assessed using CCK-8, Transwell, Transwell-matrigel, and tube formation assays. Label-free quantification proteomics was carried out to identify differentially expressed proteins. Protein levels were measured by Western blotting. Results NEAT1 overexpression induced M1 polarization in BV-2 cells, whereas NEAT1 knockdown blocked lipopolysaccharide-induced M1 polarization in microglia. NEAT1-overexpressing BV-2 cells suppressed the angiogenic ability of mCAECs, and NEAT1-knocking BV-2 cells promoted the angiogenic ability of mCAECs under lipopolysaccharide treatment. Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis identified 144 upregulated and 131 downregulated proteins that were induced by NEAT1 overexpression. The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway was enriched in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of the differentially expressed proteins. Further verification showed that NEAT1 inactivated the AMPK signaling pathway. Moreover, the AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide reversed the effect of NEAT1 on BV-2 polarization and the regulatory effect of NEAT1-overexpressing BV-2 cells on the angiogenic ability of mCAECs. Conclusions NEAT1 inhibits the angiogenic activity of mCAECs by inducing M1 polarization of BV-2 cells through the AMPK signaling pathway. This study further clarified the impact and mechanism of NEAT1 on microglia and the angiogenic ability of cerebrovascular endothelial cells.
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- 2024
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26. Diet and lifestyle behaviours simultaneously act on frailty: it is time to move the threshold of frailty prevention and control forward
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Shan-lan Yang, Lei Wu, He-lang Huang, Lang-lang Zhang, Yi-xin Chen, Sheng Zhou, Xiu-xiu Chen, Jiao-feng Wang, Chao-bao Zhang, and Zhi-jun Bao
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Frail ,Diet ,Life behavior ,Decision tree ,Prevalence study ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background To analyse the association among the simultaneous effects of dietary intake, daily life behavioural factors, and frailty outcomes in older Chinese women, we predicted the probability of maintaining physical robustness under a combination of different variables. Methods The Fried frailty criterion was used to determine the three groups of “frailty”, “pre-frailty”, and “robust”, and a national epidemiological survey was performed. The three-classification decision tree model was fitted, and the comprehensive performance of the model was evaluated to predict the probability of occurrence of different outcomes. Results Among the 1,044 participants, 15.9% were frailty and 50.29% were pre-frailty; the overall prevalence first increased and then decreased with age, reaching a peak at 70–74 years of age. Through univariate analysis, filtering, and embedded screening, eight significant variables were identified: staple food, spices, exercise (frequency, intensity, and time), work frequency, self-feeling, and family emotions. In the three-classification decision tree, the values of each evaluation index of Model 3 were relatively average; the accuracy, recall, specificity, precision, and F1 score range were between 75% and 84%, and the AUC was also greater than 0.800, indicating excellent performance and the best interpretability of the results. Model 3 takes exercise time as the root node and contains 6 variables and 10 types, suggesting the impact of the comprehensive effect of these variables on robust and non-robust populations (the predicted probability range is 6.67–93.33%). Conclusion The combined effect of these factors (no exercise or less than 0.5 h of exercise per day, occasional exercise, exercise at low intensity, feeling more tired at work, and eating too many staple foods (> 450 g per day) are more detrimental to maintaining robustness.
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- 2024
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27. Rapid development of double-hit mRNA antibody cocktail against orthopoxviruses
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Hang Chi, Suo-Qun Zhao, Ru-Yi Chen, Xing-Xing Suo, Rong-Rong Zhang, Wen-Hui Yang, Dong-Sheng Zhou, Min Fang, Bo Ying, Yong-Qiang Deng, and Cheng-Feng Qin
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Medicine ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract The Orthopoxvirus genus, especially variola virus (VARV), monkeypox virus (MPXV), remains a significant public health threat worldwide. The development of therapeutic antibodies against orthopoxviruses is largely hampered by the high cost of antibody engineering and manufacturing processes. mRNA-encoded antibodies have emerged as a powerful and universal platform for rapid antibody production. Herein, by using the established lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA platform, we constructed four mRNA combinations that encode monoclonal antibodies with broad neutralization activities against orthopoxviruses. In vivo characterization demonstrated that a single intravenous injection of each LNP-encapsulated mRNA antibody in mice resulted in the rapid production of neutralizing antibodies. More importantly, mRNA antibody treatments showed significant protection from weight loss and mortality in the vaccinia virus (VACV) lethal challenge mouse model, and a unique mRNA antibody cocktail, Mix2a, exhibited superior in vivo protection by targeting both intracellular mature virus (IMV)-form and extracellular enveloped virus (EEV)-form viruses. In summary, our results demonstrate the proof-of-concept production of orthopoxvirus antibodies via the LNP-mRNA platform, highlighting the great potential of tailored mRNA antibody combinations as a universal strategy to combat orthopoxvirus as well as other emerging viruses.
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- 2024
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28. Furin, ADAM, and γ-secretase: Core regulatory targets in the Notch pathway and the therapeutic potential for breast cancer
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Kuo Yao, Xiang-Yi Zhan, Mei Feng, Ke-Fan Yang, Ming-Sheng Zhou, and Hui Jia
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Breast cancer ,Notch pathway ,Furin protease ,ADAM metalloprotease ,γ-secretase ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
The activation of the Notch pathway promotes the occurrence and progression of breast cancer. The Notch signal plays different roles in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer. In estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, the Notch pathway regulates the activity of estrogen receptors. In human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer, crosstalk between Notch and HER2 enhances HER2 signal expression. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), Notch pathway activation is closely linked to tumor invasion and drug resistance. This article offers a comprehensive review of the structural domains, biological functions, and key targets of Notch with a specific focus on the roles of Furin protease, ADAM metalloprotease, and γ-secretase in breast cancer and their potential as therapeutic targets. We discuss the functions and mutual regulatory mechanisms of these proteinases in the Notch pathway as well as other potential targets in the Notch pathway, such as the glycosylation process and key transcription factors. This article also introduces new approaches in the treatment of breast cancer, with a special focus on the molecular characteristics and treatment response differences of different subtypes. We propose that the core regulatory molecules of the Notch pathway may become key targets for development of personalized treatment, which may significantly improve treatment outcomes and prognosis for patients with breast cancer.
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- 2024
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29. Ergonomics of Various Modalities for Ear Surgery
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Matthew E. Lin, Sheng Zhou, Seiji Kakeheta, Tsukasa Ito, and Seiji B. Shibata
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endoscope ,ergonomic ,exoscope ,microscope ,middle ear surgery ,Otorhinolaryngology ,RF1-547 ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Abstract Objective Evaluate ergonomic differences of various modalities for performing middle ear surgery. Study Design Observational study. Setting Two academic tertiary care centers. Methods Attending physicians and residents performing middle ear surgery were photographed intraoperatively. Intraoperative photographs were analyzed using the validated Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) tool to measure musculoskeletal disease (MSD) risk. Descriptive statistics and significance testing were used to characterize and compare ergonomic differences between surgical modalities. Multivariable ordinal regression was performed to assess factors associated with increased MSD risk, as determined by the final RULA score. Results Most of our 110 intraoperative photos featured attendings (82.7%) performing combined middle ear surgery and mastoidectomy (60.0%). Body angles and the final RULA score varied significantly among modalities. On subset analysis, microscopic surgery exhibited significantly worse wrist, trunk, and neck angles compared to endoscopic and exoscopic surgery. Exoscopic surgery had significantly lower final RULA scores than both endoscopic and microscopic surgery, indicating significantly lower MSD risk. Microscopic and endoscopic surgery final scores did not vary significantly. In a multivariable ordinal regression of factors associated with increased RULA score, exoscopic surgery had statistically significantly less ergonomic risk relative to microscopic surgery (odds ratio = 0.12, 95% confidence interval = [0.03‐0.43]). Conclusion Exoscopic, endoscopic, and microscopic surgery all featured low ergonomic risk, although exoscopic middle ear surgery demonstrated the lowest risk profile among studied surgical modalities. This demonstrates the importance of using each modality in combination with other ergonomic interventions to provide meaningful musculoskeletal benefits.
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- 2024
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30. Dynamic Resource Management for Federated Edge Learning With Imperfect CSI: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach.
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Sheng Zhou, Li Feng 0003, Muyu Mei, and Mingwu Yao
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- 2024
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31. Active Closed-Loop Transfer Learning-Based Surrogate Models for Telescopic Boom Forklift Optimization.
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Jingliang Lin, Haiyan Li, Yunbao Huang, Guiming Liang, Sheng Zhou, and Zeying Huang
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- 2024
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32. Learning-Assisted User Scheduling and Beamforming for mmWave Vehicular Networks.
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Bowen Xie, Sheng Chen 0013, Sheng Zhou 0001, Zhisheng Niu, Boris Galkin, and Ivana Dusparic
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- 2024
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33. Robust Risk-Sensitive Task Offloading for Edge-Enabled Industrial Internet of Things.
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Sheng Zhou, Amjad Ali 0002, Ala I. Al-Fuqaha, Marwan Omar, and Li Feng 0003
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- 2024
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34. Instantaneous Rotation Speed Estimation Through Low-Cost Digital Imaging and Time-Frequency Analysis.
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Tianyu Wang 0004, Jiangfeng Zhang, Feng Yin, Sheng Zhou, Xiaogang Gong, Xiaoyu Ma, Jiali Wu, and Lina Lu
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- 2024
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35. Optimal Pricing and Abatement Effort Strategy for Low Carbon Products.
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Shixian Wang, Sheng Zhou, and Cuilian You
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- 2024
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36. Graph Pooling Inference Network for Text-based VQA.
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Sheng Zhou, Dan Guo, Xun Yang, Jianfeng Dong, and Meng Wang 0001
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- 2024
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37. QMNet: Importance-Aware Message Exchange for Decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning.
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Xiufeng Huang and Sheng Zhou 0001
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- 2024
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38. Genetic alteration of SJ293TS cells and modification of serum-free media enhances lentiviral vector production
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Matthew Bauler, Francesca Ferrara, Brandon Lowe, Jordan A. Beard, Chris Wincek, Matthew M. Wielgosz, Jeoungeun J. Park, Na Shang, Saikat Nandy, Cai Li, Deanna M. Langfitt, Sheng Zhou, and Robert E. Throm
- Subjects
lentivirus vectors ,GMP manufacturing ,lentiviral vectors ,clinical gene therapy ,cell therapy ,gene therapy ,Genetics ,QH426-470 ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Successful cell and gene therapy clinical trials have resulted in the US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency approving their use for treatment of patients with certain types of cancers and monogenetic diseases. These novel therapies, which rely heavily on lentiviral vectors to deliver therapeutic transgenes to patient cells, have driven additional investigations, increasing demand for both pre-clinical and current Good Manufacturing Practices-grade viral vectors. To better support novel studies by improving current production methods, we report the development of a genetically modified HEK293T-based cell line that is null for expression of both Protein Kinase R and Beta-2 microglobulin and grows in suspension using serum-free media, SJ293TS-DPB. Absence of Protein Kinase R increased anti-sense lentiviral vector titers by more than 7-fold, while absence of Beta-2 microglobulin, a key component of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules, has been reported to reduce the immunogenicity of lentiviral particles. Furthermore, we describe an improved methodology for culturing SJ293TS-DPB that facilitates expansion, reduces handling, and increases titers by 2-fold compared with previous methods. SJ293TS-DPB stably produced lentiviral vectors for over 4 months and generated lentiviral vectors that efficiently transduce healthy human donor T cells and CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells.
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- 2024
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39. Research trends in lipid-lowering therapies for coronary heart disease combined with hyperlipidemia: a bibliometric study and visual analysis
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Quankai Cheng, Jingjing Sun, Haicheng Zhong, Ziming Wang, Chang Liu, Sheng Zhou, and Jie Deng
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lipid-lowering therapy ,coronary heart disease ,hyperlipidemia ,VOSviewer ,CiteSpace ,visualization analysis ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a significant global health and economic challenge, with atherosclerosis being a primary cause. Over the past 40 years, substantial research has been conducted into the prevention and reversal of atherosclerosis, resulting in the development of lipid-lowering agents such as statins and fibrates. Despite the extensive literature and formulation of numerous therapeutic guidelines in this domain, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the current research landscape and trends has not been performed. This study aimed to elucidate the evolution and milestones of research into lipid-lowering treatments for coronary heart disease (CHD) in conjunction with hyperlipidemia through bibliometric analysis, offering insights into future directions for treatment strategies.MethodsThis study examined publications from 1986 to 2023 retrieved from the Web of Science database (Core Collection). Utilizing tools such as VOSviewer, Pajek, and CiteSpace, we analyzed publication and citation numbers, H-indexes, contributions by countries and institutions, authorship, journal sources, and keyword usage to uncover research trajectories and areas of focus.ResultsOur analysis of 587 publications revealed a recent surge in research output, particularly post-2003. The American Journal of Cardiology published the highest number of studies, with 40 articles, whereas Circulation received the highest number of citations (6,266). Key contributors included the United States, Japan, and China, with the United States leading in citation numbers and the H-index. Harvard University and Leiden University emerged as pivotal institutions, and Professors J. Wouter Jukema and Robert P. Giugliano were identified as leading experts. Keyword analysis disclosed five thematic clusters, indicating a shift in research towards new drug combinations and strategies, signaling future research directions.ConclusionThe last 4 decades have seen a notable rise in publications on lipid-lowering therapies for CHD and hyperlipidemia, with the United States retaining world-leading status. The increase in international collaboration aids the shift towards research into innovative lipid-lowering agents and therapeutic approaches. PCSK9 inhibitors and innovative combination therapies, including antisense oligonucleotides and angiopoietin-like protein 3 inhibitors, provide avenues for future research, intending to maximize the safety and efficacy of treatment approaches.
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- 2024
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40. LncRNA FOXD1-AS1 regulates pancreatic cancer stem cell properties and 5-FU resistance by regulating the miR-570-3p/SPP1 axis as a ceRNA
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Liu Ouyang, Min-min Sun, Ping-sheng Zhou, Yi-wei Ren, Xin-yu Liu, Wan-ying Wei, Zhen-shun Song, Kai Lu, and Li-xue Yang
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Pancreatic cancer ,Cancer stem cell ,lncRNA FOXD1-AS1 ,N6-methyladenosine, 5-FU ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of human cancers. Previous studies have highlighted the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in modulating the stemness of CSCs. In our investigation, we identified an upregulation of lncRNA FOXD1-AS1 in CSCs. The enforced expression of lncRNA FOXD1-AS1 promotes tumorigenesis and self-renewal in pancreatic cancer CSCs. Conversely, the knockdown of lncRNA FOXD1-AS1 inhibits tumorigenesis and self-renewal in pancreatic cancer CSCs. Furthermore, our findings reveal that lncRNA FOXD1-AS1 enhances self-renewal and tumorigenesis in pancreatic cancer CSCs by up-regulating osteopontin/secreted phosphoprotein 1(SPP1) and acting as a ceRNA to sponge miR-570-3p in pancreatic cancer (PC) CSCs. Additionally, lncRNA FOXD1-AS1 depleted pancreatic cancer cells exhibit heightened sensitivity to 5-FU-indued cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. Analysis of patient-derived xenografts (PDX) indicates that a low level of lncRNA FOXD1-AS1 may serve as a predictor of 5-FU benefits in PC patients. Moreover, the introduction of SPP1 can reverse the sensitivity of lncRNA FOXD1-AS1-knockdown PC cells to 5-FU-induced cell apoptosis. Importantly, molecular studies have indicated that the elevated levels of lncRNAFOXD1-AS1 in PC are facilitated through METTL3 and YTHDF1-dependent m6A methylation. In summary, our results underscore the critical functions of lncRNA FOXD1-AS1 in the self-renewal and tumorigenesis of pancreatic cancer CSCs, positioning lncRNA FOXD1-AS1 as a promising therapeutic target for PC.
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- 2024
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41. Mechanical design and analysis of bio-inspired reentrant negative Poisson’s ratio metamaterials with rigid-flexible distinction
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Xinchun Zhang, Junyu Wang, Qidong Sun, Jingyang Li, Sheng Zhou, Junfeng Qi, and Ran Tao
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Re-entrant mechanical metamaterials ,negative poisson’s ratio ,enhanced stiffness ,rigid-flexible distinction ,energy absorption ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 - Abstract
ABSTRACTAiming at achieving tunable reentrant structures with rigidity and uniformity, respectively, the C-shaped and S-shaped reentrant metamaterials were proposed by the bionic design of animal structures. Utilizing beam theory and energy methodology, the analytical expressions of the equivalent elastic modulus of the metamaterials were derived. Differences in deformation modes, mechanical properties, and energy absorption capacities were characterized by using experiments and the finite element analysis method. The effects of ligament angle and thickness on the mechanical characteristics of two novel metamaterials were investigated by using a parametric analysis. The results show that the stiffness, deformation mode, stress–strain curve, and energy absorption effects of three metamaterials are significantly different. This design philosophy can be extended from 2D to 3D and is applicable at multiple dimensions.
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- 2024
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42. Discrete space vector modulation and optimized switching sequence model predictive control for three-level voltage source inverters
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Sheng Zhou, Minlong Zhu, Jiaqi Lin, Paul Gistain Ipoum-Ngome, Daniel Legrand Mon-Nzongo, and Tao Jin
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Three-level inverter ,Fixed switching frequency ,Model predictive control (MPC) ,Optimal switching sequence (OSS) ,Discrete space vector modulation (DSVM) ,Distribution or transmission of electric power ,TK3001-3521 ,Production of electric energy or power. Powerplants. Central stations ,TK1001-1841 - Abstract
Abstract This paper proposes a discrete space vector modulation and optimized switching sequence model predictive controller for three-level neutral-point-clamped inverters in grid-connected applications. The proposed strategy is based on cascaded model predictive control (MPC) for controlling the grid current while maintaining the capacitor voltage balanced without weighting factor. To enhance the closed-loop performance, the external MPC evaluates 19 basic and 138 virtual vectors (VV) of the proposed space vector method. The optimal control voltage is then selected using an extended deadbeat method to reduce the execution time of the proposed control algorithm. By using the discrete space vector modulation principle, the VV are synthesized based on switching sequence (SS) and are divided into negative and positive SSs considering their impact on the neutral point (NP) potential. The inner MPC evaluates both types of SSs and selects the one that keeps the capacitor voltage balanced. Various controllers are evaluated and compared against the proposed control strategy. The results show that the proposed strategy improves performance without weighting factor, while maintaining a total harmonic distortion of current to be less than 2%. Compared to the modulated MPC which provides the same fixed switching frequency, the proposed controller reduces the computational burden by over 50% while also providing better NP voltage balance accuracy.
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- 2023
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43. Regulatory effects of Hemin on prevention and rescue of salt stress in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) seedlings
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Hui-Min Zhao, Dian-Feng Zheng, Nai-Jie Feng, Guang-Sheng Zhou, Aaqil Khan, Xu-Tong Lu, Peng Deng, Hang Zhou, and You-Wei Du
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Antioxidant system ,Hemin ,Photosynthesis ,Salinity stress ,Rapeseed ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Abstract Background Salt stress severely restricts rapeseed growth and productivity. Hemin can effectively alleviate salt stress in plants. However, the regulatory effect of Hemin on rapeseed in salt stress is unclear. Here, we analyzed the response and remediation mechanism of Hemin application to rapeseed before and after 0.6% (m salt: m soil) NaCl stress. Experiment using two Brassica napus (AACC, 2n = 38) rapeseed varieties Huayouza 158R (moderately salt-tolerant) and Huayouza 62 (strongly salt-tolerant). To explore the best optional ways to improve salt stress resistance in rapeseed. Results Our findings revealed that exogenous application of Hemin enhanced morph-physiological traits of rapeseed and significantly attenuate the inhibition of NaCl stress. Compared to Hemin (SH) treatment, Hemin (HS) significantly improved seedlings root length, seedlings height, stem diameter and accumulated more dry matter biomass under NaCl stress. Moreover, Hemin (HS) significantly improved photosynthetic efficiency, activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and decreased electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, thus resulting in the alleviation of oxidative membrane damage. Hemin (HS) showed better performance than Hemin (SH) under NaCl stress. Conclusion Hemin could effectively mitigate the adverse impacts of salt stress by regulating the morph-physiological, photosynthetic and antioxidants traits of rapeseed. This study may provide a basis for Hemin to regulate cultivated rapeseed salt tolerance and explore a better way to alleviate salt stress.
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- 2023
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44. Scalable Private Set Union, with Stronger Security.
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Yanxue Jia, Shi-Feng Sun 0001, Hong-Sheng Zhou, and Dawu Gu
- Published
- 2024
45. Jacobi-type algorithms for homogeneous polynomial optimization on Stiefel manifolds with applications to tensor approximations
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Sheng, Zhou, Li, Jianze, and Ni, Qin
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Mathematics - Optimization and Control ,Mathematics - Numerical Analysis - Abstract
This paper mainly studies the gradient-based Jacobi-type algorithms to maximize two classes of homogeneous polynomials with orthogonality constraints, and establish their convergence properties. For the first class of homogeneous polynomials subject to a constraint on a Stiefel manifold, we reformulate it as an optimization problem on a unitary group, which makes it possible to apply the gradient-based Jacobi-type (Jacobi-G) algorithm. Then, if the subproblem can always be represented as a quadratic form, we establish the global convergence of Jacobi-G under any one of three conditions. The convergence result for the first condition is an easy extension of the result in [Usevich et al. SIOPT 2020], while other two conditions are new ones. This algorithm and the convergence properties apply to the well-known joint approximate symmetric tensor diagonalization. For the second class of homogeneous polynomials subject to constraints on the product of Stiefel manifolds, we reformulate it as an optimization problem on the product of unitary groups, and then develop a new gradient-based multi-block Jacobi-type (Jacobi-MG) algorithm to solve it. We establish the global convergence of Jacobi-MG under any one of the above three conditions, if the subproblem can always be represented as a quadratic form. This algorithm and the convergence properties are suitable to the well-known joint approximate tensor diagonalization. As the proximal variants of Jacobi-G and Jacobi-MG, we also propose the Jacobi-GP and Jacobi-MGP algorithms, and establish their global convergence without any further condition. Some numerical results are provided indicating the efficiency of the proposed algorithms., Comment: 23 pages, 3 figures
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- 2021
46. Safety and environmental impact control of cross passage construction in soft soil strata using tunnel boring machine method
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Yunkang, Ma, Wei, Yan, Yanjie, Song, Meiqin, Zhang, Sheng, Zhou, Tianfang, Xiong, Jia, Geng, Xiaofan, Li, and Xuesong, Cheng
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- 2023
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47. Breast Cancer Prediction Based on Multiple Machine Learning Algorithms
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Sheng Zhou, Chujiao Hu, Shanshan Wei, and Xiaofan Yan
- Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Introduction The incidence of breast cancer has steadily risen over the years owing to changes in lifestyle and environment. Presently, breast cancer is one of the primary causes of cancer-related deaths among women, making it a crucial global public health concern. Thus, the creation of an automated diagnostic system for breast cancer bears great importance in the medical community. Objectives This study analyses the Wisconsin breast cancer dataset and develops a machine learning algorithm for accurately classifying breast cancer as benign or malignant. Methods Our research is a retrospective study, and the main purpose is to develop a high-precision classification algorithm for benign and malignant breast cancer. To achieve this, we first preprocessed the dataset using standard techniques such as feature scaling and handling missing values. We assessed the normality of the data distribution initially, after which we opted for Spearman correlation analysis to examine the relationship between the feature subset data and the labeled data, considering the normality test results. We subsequently employed the Wilcoxon rank sum test to investigate the dissimilarities in distribution among various breast cancer feature data. We constructed the feature subset based on statistical results and trained 7 machine learning algorithms, specifically the decision tree, stochastic gradient descent algorithm, random forest algorithm, support vector machine algorithm, logistics algorithm, and AdaBoost algorithm. Results The results of the evaluation indicated that the AdaBoost-Logistic algorithm achieved an accuracy of 99.12%, outperforming the other 6 algorithms and previous techniques. Conclusion The constructed AdaBoost-Logistic algorithm exhibits significant precision with the Wisconsin breast cancer dataset, achieving commendable classification performance for both benign and malignant breast cancer cases.
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- 2024
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48. Mid-infrared all-fiber light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy sensor based on hollow-core anti-resonant fiber
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Weipeng Chen, Shunda Qiao, Ying He, Jie Zhu, Kang Wang, Lei Qi, Sheng Zhou, Limin Xiao, and Yufei Ma
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Mid-infrared ,All-fiber ,Light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy ,Hollow-core anti-resonant fiber ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Acoustics. Sound ,QC221-246 ,Optics. Light ,QC350-467 - Abstract
In this article, a mid-infrared all-fiber light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy (LITES) sensor based on a hollow-core anti-resonant fiber (HC-ARF) was reported for the first time. The HC-ARF was applied as a light transmission medium and gas chamber. The constructed all-fiber structure has merits of low loss, easy optical alignment, good system stability, reduced sensor size and cost. The mid-infrared transmission structure can be utilized to target the strongest gas absorption lines. The reversely-tapered SM1950 fiber and the HC-ARF were spatially butt-coupled with a V-shaped groove between the two fibers to facilitate gas entry. Carbon monoxide (CO) with an absorption line at 4291.50 cm−1 (2.33 µm) was chosen as the target gas to verify the sensing performance. The experimental results showed that the all-fiber LITES sensor based on HC-ARF had an excellent linear response to CO concentration. Allan deviation analysis indicated that the system had excellent long-term stability. A minimum detection limit (MDL) of 3.85 ppm can be obtained when the average time was 100 s
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- 2024
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49. A risk assessment method of the energy supply chain based on combination weights and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution
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Hongle Liang, Xinyue Jiang, Yun Yang, Sheng Zhou, Yunchu Wang, and Li Yang
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Energy supply chain ,Risk index ,Risk assessment ,Combination weighting method ,TOPSIS ,Relative entropy ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Nowadays, the energy supply chain (ESC) with the coupling of multiple energy systems is able to promote the complementation between various energy types. However, due to a more complex structure, ESCs are facing more risks from the internal major links and external environment. Hence, an risk assessment method of the ESC based on combination weights and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is proposed. First, a multi-level risk index system with 4 main indices and 16 sub-level indices is established. Next, methods of Criteria Importance Though Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) and entropy weighting are presented for determining the initial weights of each sub-level index respectively, in which the CRITIC method considers the conflicts between the indices, and the entropy method focuses on the variation of the index values. After that, a combination weighting approach based on relative entropy is used to assign the final combination weight to each index. Then, considering the final combination weights, the TOPSIS method is adopted to assess the risk level of an ESC. Finally, case studies of 4 regional ESCs are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, while the final risk level score of region B’s ESC is the lowest which indicates the best performance in predicting, controlling, and mitigating its internal and external risks.
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- 2023
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50. Experimental study of Al agglomeration on solid propellant burning surface and condensed combustion products
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Cheng-yin Tu, Xiong Chen, Ying-kun Li, Bei-chen Zhang, and Chang-sheng Zhou
- Subjects
Solid propellant ,Al particles ,Condensed combustion products ,Agglomeration ,Microscopic morphology ,Military Science - Abstract
Aluminum (Al) particles are commonly added to energetic materials including propellants, explosives and pyrotechnics to increase the overall energy density of the composite, but aluminum agglomeration on the combustion surface may lower the combustion efficiency of propellants, resulting in a loss in two-phase flow. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the agglomeration mechanism of aluminum particles on the combustion surface. In this paper, a high-pressure sealed combustion chamber is constructed, and high-speed camera is used to capture the whole process of aluminum accumulation, aggregation and agglomeration on the combustion surface, and the secondary agglomeration process near the combustion surface. The microscopic morphology and chemical composition of the condensed combustion products (CCPs) are then studied by using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive (SEM-EDS) method. Results show that there are three main types of condensed combustion products: small smoke oxide particles oxidized by aluminum vapor, usually less than 1 μm; typical agglomerates formed by the combustion of aluminum agglomerates; carbonized agglomerates that are widely distributed, usually formed by irregular movements of aluminum agglomerates. The particle size of condensed combustion products is measured by laser particle size meter. As the pressure increases from 0.5 MPa to 1.0 MPa in nitrogen, the mass average particle size of aluminum agglomerates decreases by 49.7%. As the ambient gas is changed from 0.5 MPa nitrogen to 0.5 MPa air, the mass average particle size of aluminum agglomerates decreases by 67.3%. Results show that as the ambient pressure increases, the higher oxygen content can improve combustion efficiency and reduce the average agglomeration size of aluminum particles.
- Published
- 2023
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