190 results on '"Sheng, Lei"'
Search Results
2. Aphids May Facilitate the Spread of Sclerotinia Stem Rot in Oilseed Rape by Carrying and Depositing Ascospores.
- Author
-
Hao, Zhong-Ping, Sheng, Lei, Feng, Zeng-Bei, Fei, Wei-Xin, and Hou, Shu-Min
- Subjects
- *
RAPESEED , *APHIDS , *ASCOSPORES , *SCLEROTINIA sclerotiorum , *OILSEED plants , *PLASMODIOPHORA brassicae - Abstract
Aphids and Sclerotinia stem rot in oilseed rape are often studied in isolation, and their relationship is rarely explored. Our field studies have revealed a significant positive correlation between the number of aphids and the incidence of Sclerotinia stem rot. Hence, starting with the colonizing stages of the two pests, Breveroryne brassicae was assessed for its potential to acquire, transmit, and inoculate Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by being sprayed with an ascospore suspension. Moreover, distinctions in aphid feeding behavior were examined between aphids on inoculated/uninoculated winter and spring oilseed rape plants or aphids, both with and without S. sclerotiorum ascospores, using electropenetrography (EPG). The results showed that aphid feeding followed by dropping ascospore suspension significantly increased the incidence of S. sclerotiorum. Ascospores were able to adhere to aphids and were carried by aphids to healthy plants, causing disease. The results of the EPG analysis indicated that aphid feeding behavior was significantly altered in all leaf tissue levels following infection with S. sclerotiorum. Specifically, aphids initiated their first puncture significantly sooner, began probing mesophyll cells earlier, had a significantly shorter pathway duration, and secreted saliva more frequently but reduced salivation prior to feeding and ingestion compared to aphids feeding on uninfected oilseed rape. Additionally, the feeding behavior of aphids carrying ascospores was markedly different from that of aphids not carrying ascospores, implying that ascospores directly influence aphid feeding behavior but that this influence appeared to be beneficial only for S. sclerotiorum infection. Aphids carrying ascospores started to puncture cells more quickly, with a significant increase in the frequency and duration of short probes and cell punctures, shortened pathway durations, and reduced salivation before feeding compared to aphids not carrying ascospores. It is clear that there is an interaction between aphids and S. sclerotiorum. The impact of S. sclerotiorum on aphid feeding behavior is directional, favoring the spread of the fungus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Steamed daylily flower (Hemerocallis fulva L.) protected cardiac and hepatic cells against ethanol induced apoptotic and oxidative damage.
- Author
-
Sheng-Lei Yan, Wen-Tzu Wu, Mei-Chin Mong, and Mei-Chin Yin
- Subjects
- *
PHYTOTHERAPY , *GLUTATHIONE , *FLAVONOIDS , *TRITERPENES , *APOPTOSIS , *OXIDATIVE stress , *PHYTOCHEMICALS , *CAROTENOIDS , *CELL survival , *CATALASE , *FLOWERS , *MESSENGER RNA , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ETHANOL - Abstract
Our previous study examined the phytochemical composition and bio-activities of raw daylily flower (Hemerocallis fulva L.). However, this plant food is usually served via heat process such as cooking in a soup. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile and biofunctions of steamed daylily flower (SDF). The content of total phenolic acids, total flavonoids, total carotenoids, total anthocyanins and total triterpenoids in SDF aqueous extract was assessed. Normal cardiac and hepatic cells, H9c2 and L-02 cells, were used to evaluate the protective effects of SDF against ethanol. SDF concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% were applied to treat H9c2 or L-02 cells for 48 h at 37 °C initially, followed by exposure to ethanol at 150 mM for 24 h at 37 °C. Results showed that the content of assessed phytochemicals was in the range of 1019--2045 mg/100 g dry weight. Flavonoids and triterpenoids were two major detected phytochemicals in SDF. SDF treatments at 0.5% and 1% increased the viability of H9c2 cells, but at three concentrations enhanced the survival of L-02 cells. SDF at 0.5% and 1% up-regulated Bcl-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and down-regulated Bax mRNA expression. Ethanol increased reactive oxygen species production, decreased glutathione content, as well as lowered glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. SDF treatments reversed these changes. SDF at 0.5% and 1% reduced the activity of cytochrome P450 2E1 and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, limited p47phox mRNA expression, as well as enhanced factor E2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 mRNA expression. SDF at three con-centrations decreased gp91phox mRNA expression. In conclusion, these novel findings indicated that SDF aqueous extract was rich in phytochemicals and provided anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative actions to protect cardiac and hepatic cells against ethanol. Thus, SDF might be considered as a functional food with multiple bio-activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. High-stability core–shell structured PAN/PVDF nanofiber separator with excellent lithium-ion transport property for lithium-based battery.
- Author
-
Gao, Xingxu, Sheng, Lei, Yang, Ling, Xie, Xin, Li, Datuan, Gong, Yun, Cao, Min, Bai, Yaozong, Dong, Haoyu, Liu, Gaojun, Wang, Tao, Huang, Xianli, and He, Jianping
- Subjects
- *
POLYACRYLONITRILES , *ION transport (Biology) , *LITHIUM ions , *ELECTRIC batteries , *LITHIUM-ion batteries , *IONIC conductivity , *FAST ions , *FUNCTIONAL groups - Abstract
PAN/PVDF nanofiber membranes with core–shell structures were fabricated by electrospinning to improve mechanical and electrochemical properties. [Display omitted] • With the excellent mechanical properties of PAN, the mechanical strength of PAN/PVDF nanofiber separator is increased by 6 times compared with pure PVDF separator; • The PAN/PVDF nanofiber separator takes into account the high electrolyte absorption capacity of PAN and the characteristics of PVDF to promote lithium ion transport, which significantly improves the ionic conductivity, reduces the activation energy during the lithium ion transport process, and improves the battery in high-power charge and discharge performance; • The PAN/PVDF nanofiber separator promotes the uniform transport of lithium ions, thereby inhibiting the formation of lithium dendrites; The ion transport channel constructed by the separator is crucial for the practical performance of Li-ion batteries, including cycling stability and high rate capability under high current. Traditional polyolefin separator is the storage of electrolyte, which guarantees the internal ion transport process. However, its weak interaction with electrolyte and low cationic transport capacity limit the application of lithium ion battery in large current. In this study, a kind of core–shell structured polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber separator composed of PAN core and PVDF shell was prepared by coaxial electrospinning technique. As a result, the mechanical strength of PAN/PVDF nanofiber separator is increased from 0.6 MPa of PVDF to 3.6 MPa for PAN core. Furthermore, PAN/PVDF nanofiber separator exhibits an improved lithium-ion transference number (0.66), which is resulted from F functional groups of PVDF shell. It is believed that the interactions between the lithium ion and F functional group could construct a fast ion transport channel. The LiCoO 2 /Li half-cells assembled with PAN/PVDF exhibited higher discharge capacity (5C) than those cells using pristine PVDF, PAN separators and polyethylene (PE) separator. It is worth mentioning that the cells with PAN/PVDF separator also have excellent cycle stability. This study provides a new idea about separator-design strategy for high-performance lithium-based battery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Correlations between B-mode ultrasound image texture features and tissue temperatures in hyperthermia.
- Author
-
Wang, Xuelin and Sheng, Lei
- Subjects
- *
ULTRASONIC imaging , *FEVER , *TEXTURES , *TEMPERATURE , *TEXTURE analysis (Image processing) , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *HIGH-intensity focused ultrasound - Abstract
Purpose: The noninvasive monitoring of mild hyperthermia or thermal ablation is important to guarantee therapeutic safety and efficacy. The potential of ultrasound B-mode image texture features in monitoring temperature or coagulation zones studied in this article. Materials and methods: The experiments carried out on eighteen in vitro porcine liver samples heated from 20°C to 60°C in the water bath. The ultrasound radiofrequency signal at different temperature collected to reconstruct B-mode ultrasound images. The texture features based on gray level histogram (GLH), gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), and gray level-gradient co-occurrence matrix (GGCM) extracted, respectively. Accordingly, we analyze the correlations between these texture features and temperature based on the experiment results. Results: The results showed that five texture feature parameters closely related to temperature, including mean gray scale of GLH, homogeneity of GLCM, hybrid entropy, inverse difference moment, and correlation of GGCM. Some of these feature parameters have correlation coefficients larger than 0.9 within the temperature range of 20°C to 60°C. Conclusions: The above-mentioned five feature parameters expected to apply for noninvasive monitoring of MH or TA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Turnip Mosaic Virus Infection Differentially Modifies Cabbage Aphid Probing Behavior in Spring and Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus).
- Author
-
Hao, Zhong-Ping, Sheng, Lei, Feng, Zeng-Bei, Fei, Wei-Xin, and Hou, Shu-Min
- Subjects
- *
RAPESEED , *TURNIP mosaic virus , *OILSEEDS , *BARLEY yellow dwarf viruses , *CABBAGE , *VIRUS diseases , *SPRING , *APHIDS - Abstract
Keywords: cabbage aphid; electropenetrography; oilseed rape; probing behavior; transmission; turnip mosaic virus; vector EN cabbage aphid electropenetrography oilseed rape probing behavior transmission turnip mosaic virus vector N.PAG N.PAG 18 09/27/22 20220901 NES 220901 1. TuMV compelled aphids to secrete more saliva and ingest less sap in order to improve transmission efficiency and reduce damage caused by aphid ingestion because the aphid-susceptible phloem of "Xinyou17" is suitable for aphid feeding. It is unclear, however, how TuMV infection affects aphid probing behavior to enhance their own transmission on spring and winter oilseed rape, and the illustration could lead to novel and broad-approaches to prevent TuMV transmission by cabbage aphids. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. The diversified mechanism of adsorption and electro-adsorption technologies by using Ti3AlC2 for removing fluoride.
- Author
-
Huang, Lei, Sheng, Lei, Wan, Kuilin, Wang, Meicong, Zhang, Hongguo, Yan, Jia, Liu, Yonghui, Alhassan, Sikpaam Issaka, Chen, Yongsheng, and Arulmani, Samuel Raj Babu
- Subjects
- *
ADSORPTION (Chemistry) , *PRECIPITATION (Chemistry) , *FLUORIDES , *DENSITY functional theory - Abstract
Fluoride is a common pollutant from nature, normal life, and production. Adsorption, electro-adsorption, and precipitation are dominant mechanisms corresponding to the adsorption and electro-adsorption technologies for removing fluoride. This paper presents Ti 3 AlC 2 as an effective reagent for removing fluoride under acidic conditions. The adsorption mechanisms of adsorption and electro-adsorption were compared to sedimentation at pH 2 and 1, leading to a higher removal rate of adsorption by pH 2 than at pH 1. The adsorptive behavior of Ti 3 AlC 2 with fluoride includes both multilayer sorption and chemisorption. Furthermore, the precipitation reaction induced a partial change of Ti 3 AlC 2 to MXene. Notably, electro-adsorption was more effective rather than sedimentation at pH 1 in capacitive deionization technology. The Al adsorption sites made it easier to combine fluoride than Ti, and aluminum fluoride was easier to produce than titanium (III) fluoride. These adsorption and electro-adsorption experiments were carried out to elucidate and delineate the performance of Ti 3 AlC 2 for removing fluoride. A molecular model of Ti 3 AlC 2 was also built to calculate adsorption using the density functional theory. Hence, the Ti 3 AlC 2 molecular model combined with XPS and other characterizations of materials provided an effective, easy-to-understand combinative mechanism for removing fluoride. [Display omitted] • Ti 3 AlC 2 was applied to remove fluoride. • The removal of fluoride was investigated by comparison of adsorption and electro-adsorption. • Different ratios of reaction mechanisms were analyzed by adsorption and electro-adsorption. • The reaction mechanisms were studied by combining experiments and density functional theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Short-Term Spinal Cord Stimulation or Pulsed Radiofrequency for Elderly Patients with Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Liu, Zihao, Zhou, Wang, Li, Xiaojun, Wang, Xin, and Gong, Qingjuan
- Subjects
- *
OLDER patients , *SPINAL cord , *POSTHERPETIC neuralgia , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *ANALGESIA , *RADIO frequency , *RADIO frequency therapy - Abstract
Background. Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common and severe complication after varicella-zoster infection, especially in elderly patients. PHN is always refractory to treatment. Both pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) and short-term spinal cord stimulation (stSCS) have been used as effective analgesia methods in clinic. However, which technique could provide better pain relief remains unknown. Objectives. This study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of PRF and stSCS in elderly patients with PHN. Study Design. A prospective, randomized-controlled study. Setting. Department of Pain Management, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. Methods. A total of 70 elderly patients with PHN were equally randomized to the PRF group or stSCS group. Patients in the PRF group received PRF treatment, while patients in the stSCS group received stSCS treatment. The primary outcome was the effective rate. The secondary outcomes included the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36), and the pregabalin dosage. All outcomes were evaluated at baseline and at different postoperative time points. Results. At 12 months after surgery, the effective rate reached 79.3% in stSCS group, while 42.1% in PRF group. The effective rate was significantly higher in the stSCS group than in the PRF group at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. VAS scores decreased significantly at each postoperative time point in both groups (P < 0.001). The VAS scores were significantly lower in the stSCS group than in the PRF group at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. SF-36 scores (bodily pain and the physical role) were significantly improved at each postoperative time point in both groups (P < 0.001). The SF-36 scores were significantly higher in the stSCS group than in the PRF group at some postoperative time points. The pregabalin dosage was significantly lower in the stSCS group than in the PRF group at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Limitations. A single-center study with a relatively small sample size. Conclusions. Both PRF and stSCS are effective and safe neuromodulation techniques for elderly patients with PHN. However, stSCS could provide better and longer-lasting analgesic effect compared to PRF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Investigation on the solid–liquid (S–L) phase separation of the PE/LP blend with different molecular weight polyethylene.
- Author
-
Yang, Yang, Sheng, Lei, Zhang, Hui, Li, MengLin, Xu, Rong, Bai, Yaozong, Song, Shangjun, Liu, Gaojun, Wang, Tao, Huang, Xianli, and He, Jianping
- Subjects
- *
PHASE separation , *MOLECULAR weights , *CRYSTALLIZATION , *AVRAMI equation , *POROSITY , *POLYETHYLENE , *ARRHENIUS equation - Abstract
The solid–liquid (S–L) phase separation occurs in the polyethylene (PE)/liquid paraffin (LP) blend, which exhibits different characteristics for the molecular weight of PE. Herein, we have studied the S–L phase separation process of PE-500 (molecular weight of 5,000,000)/PE-60 (molecular weight of 600,000)/LP melts by the hot-stage-optical device. It is found that the clarification temperature and cloud temperature of PE-500/PE-60/LP blend decreased with the addition of PE-60. The isothermal crystallization behavior of these ternary blends is explored further using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). According to the analysis results of Avrami equation and Arrhenius equation, the exponent n increases from 1.23 to 2.42 at higher temperature, indicating that the melt with high PE-60 content have a growth pattern between two and three dimensions, which could lead to larger pore. The activation energy at high temperature increases from 738.568 to 1321.259 kJ / mol with enhancing PE-60 content, while the activation energy decreases from 209.689 to 36.608 kJ / mol at lower temperature. It demonstrates that PE-60 content is not conducive to nucleation at high temperatures, but in favor of growth at low temperature. We believe the pore structure of PE microporous membrane may be controlled by different ratios of PE-500/PE-60 and crystallization temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Method to characterize thermal performances of an aluminum-air battery.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Fu, Linxiang, Su, Lin, Shen, Hongning, and Zhang, Zhendong
- Subjects
- *
LITHIUM-air batteries , *THERMAL batteries , *ALKALINE batteries , *PERFORMANCE theory - Abstract
The thermal behavior in aluminum-air battery has prominent effect on its operation performance, however, the investigations to the battery thermal behavior are still scarce. In this paper, an alkaline vehicular traction aluminum-air battery was designed and its thermal behavior was experimentally investigated. The impacts of various parameters were examined, including the ambient temperature, electrolyte concentration, and discharge current density on the battery's temperature-rise, outgoing heat-flux, heat generation rate, and discharge efficiency, etc. It is shown that the battery's temperature-rise, outgoing heat-flux, and heat generation rate increase with the ambient temperature decreases and the electrolyte concentration increases. Furthermore, the battery heat generation rate decreases over the discharge time, particularly it decreases drastically at the first half of discharge. The discharge efficiency of the battery increases with the increases of operating temperature and discharge current density. The battery discharge efficiency varies with the electrolyte concentration, which approaches 78 % under the electrolyte concentration of 3.0 mol L−1, but less than 60 % under the concentrations of 1.0 mol L−1 and 6.0 mol L−1. The present study compensates a vacancy of the thermal behavior characterization for a vehicular traction aluminum-air battery, and the results are of significance in understanding the aluminum-air battery's thermal behavior. • An alkaline Al-air battery is devised. • Proposes a measurement method to characterize the Al-air battery thermal behavior. • Impacts of thermal behavior on Al-air battery operating performance is studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The effect of subcutaneous Lixisenatide on weight loss in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic review and Meta-Analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Deng, Meixian, Li, Xin, Wan, Huan, Lei, Changjiang, Prabahar, Kousalya, Hernández-Wolters, Benjamin, and Kord-Varkaneh, Hamed
- Subjects
- *
TYPE 2 diabetes , *WEIGHT loss , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *WEIGHT gain , *BODY weight - Abstract
The impacts of subcutaneous Lixisenatide on body weight in patients with type 2 DM, remain inadequately understood; consequently, this systematic review and meta -regression analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the influence of subcutaneous Lixisenatide administration on BW and BMI values in individuals with Type 2 diabetes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across four databases, spanning from their inception to February 2023. We computed effect sizes employing the random-effects model and reported results in terms of weighted mean differences (WMD) along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). 23 articles with 26 RCT arms were included in the meta -analysis. The combined findings from a random-effects model demonstrated a significant reduction in body weight (WMD: −0.97 kg, 95 % CI: −1.10, −0.83, p < 0.001) and BMI (WMD: −0.48 kg/m2, 95 % CI: −0.67, −0.29, P < 0.001) after subcutaneous administration of Lixisenatide. Furthermore, a more pronounced reduction in body weight was discovered in RCTs lasting less than 24 weeks (WMD: −1.56 kg, 95 % CI: −2.91, −0.20, p < 0.001), employing a daily dosage of subcutaneous Lixisenatide lower than 19 µg per day (WMD: −1.94 kg, 95 % CI: −2.54, −1.34, p < 0.001) and with a mean participant age of 60 years or more (WMD: −1.86 kg, 95 % CI: −3.16, −0.57, p = 0.005). Lixisenatide was found to significantly decrease BW and BMI in patients with type 2 DM and could be considered as a therapeutic option for those suffering from weight gain caused by other anti-diabetic agents. However, while prescribing Lixisenatide, careful consideration of patient-specific factors is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Multiphysics simulation of the effect of compressed separator on lithium-ion battery.
- Author
-
Hu, Qingyang, Sheng, Lei, Xie, Xin, Yang, Ling, Gao, Xingxu, Li, Datuan, Bai, Yaozong, Liu, Gaojun, Dong, Haoyu, Wang, Tao, Huang, Xianli, and He, Jianping
- Subjects
- *
VORONOI polygons , *LITHIUM-ion batteries , *MECHANICAL models , *THERMAL expansion , *POROSITY , *POLYETHYLENE , *ELECTRIC batteries - Abstract
Owing to these phenomena about intercalation and deintercalation lithium-ion, thermal expansion, and external pressure in lithium-ion batteries, the interior separators are often subjected to compression stress. In this study, we have designed a novel model based on the Thiessen Polygon, which is used to describe 3D porous structure of polyethylene (PE) separator. It can simulate the structure evolution of separator during compression. The simulation results show that when the compression stress is up to 60 MPa, the thickness of the separator decreases by nearly 50%, and the porosity decreases from 42.6% to 10%, which severely affects the ionic transmission performance. Additionally, the separator with changed porosity structure under different compression conditions was applied to the electrochemistry-thermal model to simulate the discharge process of the battery. As results, it is found that the discharge capacity is significantly reduced and the temperature is increased due to the structural variation of the separator caused by compression stress. This study develops a novel mechanical model which can be used in the simulation of separator compression process, and involves the simulation of multiple physical fields. And it successfully correlates the mechanical properties of separator with its battery performance. • A novel mechanical model of the PE separator has been developed. • The structure evolution of separator during compression has been simulated. • Compressed separator causes degradation of the battery performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Polyethylene separator activated by γ-ray irradiation for improving lithium-based battery performance.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Zhang, Ying, Xie, Xin, Wu, Haowen, Yang, Ling, Gao, Xingxu, Bai, Yaozong, Dong, Haoyu, Liu, Gaojun, Wang, Tao, Huang, Xianli, and He, Jianping
- Subjects
- *
POLYETHYLENE , *INTERFACIAL resistance , *IRRADIATION , *POLYETHYLENE films , *SURFACE energy , *CONTACT angle , *POLYOLEFINS - Abstract
The separators have an impact on the performance of lithium-based battery, whereas traditional polyolefin separators are hard to retain enough liquid electrolyte for its nonpolar surface and lead to battery performance degradation. In this experimental work, we have tried to activate polyethylene (PE) separator by γ-ray irradiation with different doses. According to these results of FTIR-ATR, the contact angle and mechanical test, it is concluded that γ-ray irradiation would get the PE long chains broken and oxidized furtherly. Therefore, these irradiated separators show a higher surface energy and inferior mechanical strength than pristine PE separator. For comprehensive consideration, the PE-20 (irradiated by the dose of 20 kGy) separator is selected to evaluate the electrochemical performance. The LiCoO2 cells with PE-20 separators have a better cyclic stability than that of PE separator for lower interfacial resistance and stronger affinity to liquid electrolyte. Especially in the unsymmetrical rate performance test, the cells based on PE-20 separator have higher discharge capacity. It demonstrates that this method of γ-ray irradiation could be used to modify PE separator for enhancing battery performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. 70-Year-Old Man With Fever and Fatigue.
- Author
-
Yang, Qing-luan, Yu, Sheng-lei, Shao, Ling-yun, Ruan, Qiao-ling, and Zhang, Wen-hong
- Subjects
- *
HISTOPLASMOSIS diagnosis , *PHYSICAL diagnosis , *CHEST (Anatomy) , *FEVER , *BIOPSY , *FATIGUE (Physiology) , *ROUTINE diagnostic tests , *ABDOMEN , *HISTOPLASMOSIS ,BONE marrow examination - Abstract
A case study of a 70-year-old healthy man presented with fever and extreme fatigue that had persisted for 2 months but denied the presence of any other symptoms. Topics include initial clinical evaluation, the patient was febrile; and bone marrow examination was conducted and a presumptive microbiological diagnosis was made.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Electrocatalytic Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide over Au/TiO2 and Electrochemical Trace of OOH* Intermediate.
- Author
-
Sun, Zhipeng, Sheng, Lei, Gong, Hao, Song, Li, Jiang, Xiaolong, Wang, Shengyao, Meng, Xianguang, Wang, Tao, and He, Jianping
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy , *HYDROGEN production , *HYDROGEN peroxide , *TITANIUM oxides , *TITANIUM composites , *OXYGEN reduction , *CHARGE transfer - Abstract
In this work, a series of gold‐supported titanium oxide composites have been prepared and high selectivity (over 90%) of hydrogen peroxide is achieved. For the first time, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and electron spin resonance analysis demonstrate that high charge transfer impedance of the catalyst can suppress the decomposition of OOH* intermediates thus promoting the two‐electron process of the oxygen reduction reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Effect of the heat treatment temperature on mechanical and electrochemical properties of polyimide separator for lithium ion batteries.
- Author
-
Li, Menglin, Sheng, Lei, Zhang, Hui, Yang, Yang, Xu, Rong, Bai, Yaozong, Song, Shangjun, Liu, Gaojun, Wang, Tao, Huang, Xianli, and He, Jianping
- Subjects
- *
POLYIMIDES , *MECHANICAL heat treatment , *LITHIUM-ion batteries , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *MACHINE separators , *HEAT treatment , *LITHIUM ions , *LITHIUM cells - Abstract
In order to solve the shortcomings of the current traditional commercial polyolefin microporous membranes with worse thermostability at high temperature, polyimide (PI) nanofiber membranes prepared by electrospinning are promising separators for lithium ion batteries that operate at high temperatures. This preparation includes the forming process of poly(amic acid) (PAA) fibers membrane and thermal-imidization process. In this study, we design the experiment of thermal-imidization for PAA fibers to improve the mechanical strength and the electrochemical performance of the obtained PI nanofiber membrane. It is found that the degradation phenomenon and the crosslinking function occur after the imidization during the heat treatment. The mechanical strength of PI nanofiber membrane gets improved with new crosslinking system after being heat-treated at 350 °C. LiCoO2/Li cells based on such PI nanofiber membranes exhibit excellent cycle performance (300 cycles) and rate performance (even at high rates of 6 C), better than those employing polyolefin microporous membranes. During the heat treatment of polyamic acid, a thermal imidization process will occur. At the same time, different heat treatment temperatures will lead to differences in the degree of imidization and the structure of the fiber membrane material. It is important to understand the thermal imidization process. The effect of thermal imidization temperature on the performance of the electrospun polyimide lithium ion battery separator is studied. The experimental results show that although the degree of imidization is decreased by the heat treatment at 350 °C, it has better cycle performance (300 circles) and rate performance (even at high rates of 6 C). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Effects of cooling process on the solid–liquid phase separation process in ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene/liquid paraffin blends.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Du, Yanqiu, Zhang, Hui, Chen, Zhihui, Pan, Junjie, Wang, Tao, Huang, Xianli, and He, Jianping
- Subjects
- *
ULTRAHIGH molecular weight polyethylene , *PHASE separation , *PARAFFIN wax , *UNIFORM spaces , *MIXING - Abstract
Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) microporous membrane is generally prepared by thermally induced phase separation process. The phase separation process is closely related to the cooling process in practical production. In this paper, the phase separation temperature of UHMWPE/liquid paraffin blends was explored by the hot-stage-optical device and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and the result showed that the temperature was about 105–125 °C. The effects of cooling condition and crystallization ability of UHMWPE on the separation process of the blends were also investigated by DSC. The results showed that the phase separation was affected by the cooling rates rather than the initial cooling temperature. And the crystallization of UHMWPE was mainly limited by the nucleating at a low cooling rate, which could form larger porous structure. In a word, it should be inspirational for the actual production of the UHMWPE microporous membrane. The solid–liquid phase separation will occur in the cooling process of UHMWPE/LP blends, which is driven by the external temperature difference. It is significant to understand the phase separation process. In this paper, the effects of the melting properties and cooling condition on phase separation process were investigated, the S–L phase separation range is at 105–125 °C, and the speed of phase separation is mainly related to the external temperature difference and the UHMWPE content. It could be inspirational for actual production of the UHMWPE membrane with more uniform pore structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Numerical investigation on a lithium ion battery thermal management utilizing a serpentine-channel liquid cooling plate exchanger.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Su, Lin, Zhang, Hua, Li, Kang, Fang, Yidong, Ye, Wen, and Fang, Yu
- Subjects
- *
SODIUM ions , *LITHIUM-ion batteries , *THERMAL batteries , *TEMPERATURE distribution , *TEMPERATURE control , *BATTERY management systems - Abstract
It is seen from this figure that the maximum temperature rise of the cell module decreases as the increasing rate of fluid flow. The maximum temperature rise of the cell module is under 40 °C and 36 °C respectively since the flow rate is 0.40 × 10−3 L·s−1 and 1.20 × 10−3 L·s−1, indicating that increasing flow rate increases the cooling capability of the LCP. • A new cooling plate is developed for controlling undesirable cell temperature field. • Inlet and outlet of cooling plate have big impact on cell temperature distribution. • Increasing flow rate decreases cell temperature rise markedly. • Cooling plate channel width has weak impact on cell temperature distribution. • Channel width has great effect on ratio of power consumption of cooling plate. The thermal management for a lithium ion battery cell plays a pivotal role in enhancing the cell performance and reliability for electric vehicles. In this work, a novel serpentine-channel liquid cooling plate with double inlets and outlets is developed for better managing an undesirable temperature distribution of a cell module. With a simplified model for the cell module, numerical analyses are implemented using the software of FloEFD to study effects of flow directions, flow rates and channel widths of the cooling plate on cell temperature distribution under different operating conditions; Likewise, a ratio of power consumption as a non-dimensional number is defined to analyze the hydraulic performance of the developed cooling plate. Results show that locations of the inlet and the outlet as well as flow directions have great impacts on the cell temperature distribution and the ratio of power consumption of the cooling plate. Increasing fluid flow rate substantially decreases the maximum temperature rise of the cell module while it has little effect on the temperature distribution. Moreover, the channel width of the cooling plate has a strong influence on its ratio of power consumption as well as the cell temperature distribution but it has a weak influence on the cell maximum temperature rise. Interestingly, the developed serpentine-channel cooling plate offers one a new method to design a lithium ion battery thermal management system for controlling temperature distribution of a cell module. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Experimental determination on thermal parameters of prismatic lithium ion battery cells.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Su, Lin, and Zhang, Hengyun
- Subjects
- *
LITHIUM-ion batteries , *SPECIFIC heat , *THERMAL conductivity , *TEMPERATURE distribution , *THERMAL batteries , *HEAT losses - Abstract
It is seen from these two figures that the battery temperature and SOC have a minor effect on its thermal conductivity. Battery thermal conductivity vary with the battery types heavily. • A novel method for determining thermal parameters of lithium ion cells is presented. • Temperature has a linear effect on thermal conductivity and specific heat of cells. • Cell temperature has a higher effect on its specific heat than thermal conductivity. • Cells' thermal conductivity and specific heat vary with the battery types. • The method is more effective to test thermal conductivity and specific heat of cells. Characterizing thermal parameters of a lithium ion battery is a key step to predict the temperature distribution of battery cell modules. In this work, a novel method is developed based on the quasi-steady state heat transfer analysis to determine the thermal conductivity and the specific heat simultaneously. Both prismatic lithium iron phosphate cells and pouch cells with different electrode materials are used in this experimental test. A constant heat flux is applied to the cell surface whereas the heat loss is estimated based upon the temperature drop curve. As such, the quasi-steady state heat transfer can be attained to determine cell thermal parameters. It is observed that cell thermal parameters increase linearly with the increase of the operating temperature. Furthermore, the operating temperature has a more significant influence on the cell specific heat than the thermal conductivity, while the effect of the state of charge has a minimal effect on these two parameters. The current method demonstrates an effective and practical way to determine the thermal conductivity and specific heat of the cell simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Optimal construction and pharmacokinetic study of CZ48-loaded poly (lactic acid) microbubbles for controlled drug delivery.
- Author
-
Li, Si-yang and Guo, Sheng-lei
- Subjects
- *
LACTIC acid , *CONTROLLED drugs , *POLYLACTIC acid , *MICROBUBBLES , *DRUG carriers , *X-ray diffraction - Abstract
• CZ48 was incorporated into PLA microbubbles via a double emulsion technique. • The encapsulation efficiency and drug-loading content were ˜85.73% and 26.07%. • The half-life time of CZ48 and CPT of CZ48-loaded microbubbles was enhanced. • Controlled release of CZ48–loaded microbubbles was achieved in vitro and in vivo. CZ48, a prodrug of camptothecin (CPT) with derivative resistant to lactone hydrolysis, suffers from limited application for cancer treatment due to poor water-solubility, thus causing its low bioavailability and absorption in vivo. To echo this problem, CZ48 was incorporated into poly (lactic acid) (PLA) microbubbles via a double emulsion technique (W/O/W), and the successful loading was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The obtained CZ48-loaded microbubbles had a diameter ranging from 0.5 to 6.7 μm, and the encapsulation efficiency and drug-loading content were as high as 85.73 ± 2.41% and 26.07 ± 0.76%, respectively. The in vitro drug release demonstrated that only about 55% of CZ48 was released for CZ48-loaded PLA microbubbles in 48 h. In contrast, over 90% of CZ48 was released for free CZ48 crystals sample in only 5 h. Besides, in vivo pharmacokinetic studies further revealed that the availability of both CZ48 and its metabolite CPT were obviously enhanced after the incorporation of CZ48 into PLA microbubbles. To be noted, the value of AUC 0-∞ of the CZ48-loaded microbubbles was about 5-fold higher than that of free CZ48 suspension, implying a much higher anticancer effect of the CZ48-loaded microbubbles. The half-life time (T 1/2) of both CZ48 and CPT of the CZ48-loaded microbubbles were also significantly longer than that of the free CZ48, indicating a delayed release time for the microbubbles. Hence, this work promotes a promising drug carrier system for the controlled release of CZ48 as well as other drugs with poor water-solubility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Mammary-specific ablation of Cyp24a1 inhibits development, reduces proliferation and increases sensitivity to vitamin D.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Turner, Andrew G., Barratt, Kate, Kremer, Richard, Morris, Howard A., Callen, David F., Anderson, Paul H., and Tarulli, Gerard A.
- Subjects
- *
CALCITRIOL , *VITAMIN D , *PROLACTIN , *DEVELOPMENT of mammary glands , *EPITHELIAL cells , *BREAST cancer treatment , *MITOCHONDRIAL enzymes - Abstract
• Vitamin D catabolism via Cyp24a1 modulates postnatal and pregnancy-associated mammary gland development. • Cyp24a1 gene deletion in the mammary epithelium inhibits luminal epithelial proliferation but not apoptosis. • Luminal mammary epithelial cells are more sensitive to 1,25(OH)2D with the ablation of Cyp24a1 activity. Active vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) has been shown to regulate numerous cell processes in mammary cells. Degradation of 1,25(OH)2D is initiated by the mitochondrial enzyme, 25-hydroxyvitamin D 24-hydroxylase (CYP24 A1), and provides local control of 1,25(OH)2D bioactivity. Several reports of the association between elevated CYP24 A1 activity and breast cancer incidence, suggest that CYP24 A1 may be a target for therapeutic intervention. Whether CYP24 A1 activity within the mammary epithelium regulates 1,25(OH)2D levels and mammary gland development is yet to shown. We have used a conditional knockout of the Cyp24a1 gene specifically in the mammary epithelium to demonstrate reduced terminal end bud number, ductal outgrowth and branching during puberty and alveologenesis at early pregnancy, by inhibiting proliferation but not apoptosis in both basal and luminal MECs. In vitro study showed increased sensitivity of luminal MECs to lower levels of 1,25(OH)2D with the ablation of Cyp24a1 activity. In summary, Cyp24a1 within MECs plays an important role in modulating postnatal and pregnancy-associated mammary gland development which provides support for inhibiting CYP24 A1 as a potential approach to activating the vitamin D pathway in breast cancer prevention and therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Full-stainless steel mesh dye-sensitized solar cells based on core-shell ZnO/TiO2 nanorods.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Li, Gang, Zhang, Wendong, and Wang, Kaiying
- Subjects
- *
DYE-sensitized solar cells , *CHEMICAL solution deposition , *STAINLESS steel , *BUFFER layers , *ALUMINUM foil , *STEEL - Abstract
We report fabrication and photovoltaic properties of flexible dye-sensitized solar cells (FDSSCs) based on stainless steel mesh (SSM)-supported core-shell ZnO/TiO 2 nanorods photoanode and Pt nanoparticles- coated SSM counter electrode (Pt/SSM CE). The core-shell ZnO/TiO 2 structures were prepared via simple chemical bath deposition, and optimal conversion efficiency of 2.84% was achieved. When aluminum foil membrane was introduced on the back of the FDSSCs as reflecting film (Rf) for improving utilization of sunlight, the conversion efficiency of FDSSCs was increased from 2.84% to 3.12%. The relative improvement of 218% was achieved in conversion efficiency compared with similar device without TiO 2 buffer layer and reflecting film (0.98%). Meanwhile, the Pt CE based on SSM possessed of higher catalytic ability and longer stability compared with ITO/PET-based Pt CE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Combination of carnosine and asiatic acid provided greater anti-inflammatory protection for HUVE cells and diabetic mice than individual treatments of carnosine or asiatic acid alone.
- Author
-
Yan, Sheng-lei, Wang, Zhi-hong, Mong, Mei-chin, Yang, Ya-chen, and Yin, Mei-chin
- Subjects
- *
NF-kappa B - Abstract
Abstract The purpose of present HUVE cells and mice study was to investigate the combined effects of carnosine and asiatic acid (AA) against diabetic progression. In HUVE cells, high glucose decreased cell viability, reduced Bcl-2 mRNA expression and increased Bax mRNA expression. The co-treatment of 0.5 μM carnosine plus 0.5 μM AA led to greater cell viability and Bcl-2 mRNA expression than 1 μM carnosine or 1 μM AA treatment alone. This combination more significantly decreased the production of DNA fragmentation, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nuclear factor kappa B binding activity than carnosine or AA treatment alone. In diabetic mice, the combination of 0.25% carnosine plus 0.25% AA in diet resulted in higher final body weight, and lower levels of plasma glucose and triglyceride than 0.5% carnosine or 0.5% AA treatment alone. Carnosine and AA combination caused more reduction in renal levels of leukin-6, TNF-alpha and ROS than carnosine or AA treatment alone. This combination also more significantly limited renal cyclooxygenase-2 activity and p-p38 phosphorylation than carnosine or AA treatment alone. These novel findings support that this combination is a more powerful remedy for diabetic control. Graphical abstract Effects of carnosine (Car) and/or AA upon NF-κB p50/65 binding activity (OD value/mg protein). HUVE cells were pre-treated with 1 μM Car, 1 μM AA or 0.5 μM Car+0.5 μM AA for 24 h incubation at 37 °C. Then, cells were treated with DMEM containing high glucose (33 mM), and followed by incubating for another 24 h at 37 °C. Normal group had no Car, AA, or high glucose. Control group had no Car or AA, but with high glucose. Data are mean ± SD (n = 6). Values with different alphabet among bars are significantly different at P < 0.05 as analyzed by Dunnett's t -test. Image 1 Highlights • HUVE cell line and diabetic mice were used to examine the combined effects of carnosine and asiatic acid (AA). • Co-treatment of carnosine plus AA led to grater HUVE cell viability and Bcl-2 mRNA expression. • In diabetic mice, carnosine and AA combination caused more reduction in renal IL-6, TNF-alpha and ROS generation. • This combination led to more decrease in renal cyclooxygenase-2 activity and p-p38 phosphorylation. • These findings support that this combination is a powerful remedy for diabetic control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. An improved calorimetric method for characterizations of the specific heat and the heat generation rate in a prismatic lithium ion battery cell.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Su, Lin, Zhang, Hengyun, Fang, Yidong, Xu, Haifeng, and Ye, Wen
- Subjects
- *
LITHIUM-ion batteries , *THERMAL properties , *ELECTROCHEMISTRY , *TEMPERATURE , *HEAT - Abstract
Graphical abstract It is found that the average heat generation rate of the lithium-ion battery cell has a quadratic relationship with the operating temperatures and operating currents. Tested results of the heat generation rate show a good agreement with results calculated as per widely used Bernardi's heat generation model. Highlights • Reveals a method for testing specific heat and heat generation of a Lithium ion cell. • Increasing temperature linearly increases the specific heat of Lithium ion cell. • Heat generation of Lithium ion cell quadratically increases with increasing current. • Tested results of heat generation via new method and Bernardi model are consistent. Abstract The specific heat and the heat generation rate are the key thermal properties for lithium ion battery cells. Nonetheless, there exists large scattering in data of thermal properties due to factors such as battery temperature nonuniformity during experimental measurement. In this work, a novel calorimetric method for measuring thermal properties of a lithium ion battery cell is proposed by introducing a temperature even out process to minimize the effect of the temperature difference across the battery. Through this method, the specific heat and the heat generation rate can be characterized for the electrochemical batteries. Thermal parameters of a prismatic lithium iron phosphate battery cell are determined for the wide temperature range at varying operating currents. It is found that the specific heat of the lithium ion battery cell has a linear relationship with the operating temperature, whereas the heat generation rate has a quadratic relationship with the operating current. The measured heat generation rate shows a good agreement with calculated results as per Bernardi's heat generation model. This new method allows one to obtain thermal properties of lithium ion battery cells at a lower cost and in a shorter time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Engineering flexible dye-sensitized solar cells for portable electronics.
- Author
-
Li, Gang, Sheng, Lei, Li, Tingyu, Hu, Jie, Li, Pengwei, and Wang, Kaiying
- Subjects
- *
DYE-sensitized solar cells , *RENEWABLE energy sources , *ENERGY conversion , *PHOTOELECTRICITY , *ELECTROLYTES - Abstract
Abstract With growing demand for economic, eco-friendly, easy-manufacturing and renewable portable power source, flexible dye-sensitized solar cells (FDSSCs) exhibit a promising potential in the field of portable power sources. However, FDSSCs surfer from low conversion efficiency and poor stability, which hinder their applications. In this work, we have summarized recent development and challenges according to respective functions of their vital components (substrate, semiconductor film, sensitizer, electrolytes and counter electrode) as well as their effects on photoelectric conversion efficiency. Meanwhile, typical fabrication approaches have been analyzed for increasing the incident photon to current efficiency (IPCE). The approaches in rigid dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) for improving performance are also introduced to provide the favorable direction for accelerating FDSSCs' application in field of potable power source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Discovery of novel cathepsin inhibitors with potent anti-metastatic effects in breast cancer cells.
- Author
-
Yuan, Lei, Sheng, Lei, He, Wenhui, Zou, Chunyang, Hu, Baichun, Liu, Jun, Ge, Wentao, Liu, Yang, Wang, Jian, and Ma, Enlong
- Subjects
- *
CATHEPSINS , *ENZYME inhibitors , *BREAST cancer treatment , *BIOLOGICAL assay , *DRUG development - Abstract
Graphical abstract Highlights • Target of asperphenamate was predicted as cathespin (Cat) through natural product consensus pharmacophore strategy. • Docking results showed all analogs interacted more tightly with Cat L and S than asperphenamate. • N -CBZ-piperidyl derivative 2 formed more hydrogen bonding than ortho -benzyloxyl phenylacetyl derivative 1 and p -tosyl derivative 3 to bind tightly with Cat S. • Enzyme inhibition activity assay showed 2 displayed the strongest effect on Cat S. • 2 showed an obvious inhibitory potency toward the metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Abstract It is still challenging to determine the potential targets of natural products, which is essential for further drug research and development. Due to its novel mechanism of action of inducing autophagy effects in breast cancer cells, asperphenamate has received our considerable attention. However, its unknown target inevitably impedes further study. In our previous work, the target enzyme of asperphenamate was predicted as cathepsin by the natural product consensus pharmacophore strategy. Then, asperphenamate and its three derivatives were chosen to study in detail by molecular docking calculations with AutoDock 4 suite. The docking results showed the three derivatives interacted more tightly with either cathepsin L or cathepsin S than with asperphenamate. The ortho -benzyloxyl phenylacetyl derivative 1 and p -toluenesulfonyl derivative 3 showed similar interactions with cathepsin L and adopted a better geometric shape within the binding pocket than did the N -CBZ-piperidyl analog 2. On the other hand, compound 2 formed more hydrogen bonds than 1 and 3 to make it tightly bind within cathepsin S. The cathepsin inhibitory activity assay verified the molecular simulation results. Compound 2 was remarkably less active than 1 and 3 against cathepsin L. However, compound 2 showed the strongest potency against cathepsin S with IC 50 of 13.12 ± 0.29 μM. Considering that cathepsin S plays a vital role in the process of metastasis in breast cancer cells, the inhibitory effect of 2 on migration and invasion was further studied in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells by wound healing and transwell chamber assays. The results illustrated that 2 exhibited an apparent inhibitory ability to the metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Next, 2 will be chosen as a lead compound to develop novel double functional chemotherapeutic agents with both novel mechanisms of action against apoptosis-resistant cancer cells, such as inducing autophagy and inhibiting cancer metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Vitamin D3 signaling and breast cancer: Insights from transgenic mouse models.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Callen, David F., and Turner, Andrew G.
- Subjects
- *
CHOLECALCIFEROL , *BREAST cancer , *EPITHELIAL cells , *METASTASIS , *APOPTOSIS - Abstract
The biologically active form of vitamin D 3 (1,25(OH) 2 D) regulates epithelial cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis, lending weight to clinical evidence linking vitamin D 3 insufficiency to breast cancer incidence and mortality. Local dysregulation of vitamin D 3 metabolism has been identified in patients with breast cancer, implying that disruption of 1,25(OH) 2 D signaling may contribute to breast cancer development in an autocrine or paracrine manner. Mouse mammary glands express the critical enzymes responsible for 1,25(OH) 2 D synthesis (Cyp2r1 and Cyp27b1), degradation (Cyp24a1), as well as the vitamin D 3 receptor (Vdr), and genetically modified mouse models have revealed a great deal about the role of vitamin D 3 in cancer initiation and progression. Ablation of Vdr or Cyp27b1 in murine models of mammary cancer reduces the anti-tumor effects of vitamin D 3 , while elevation of Cyp24a1 levels increases degradation of 1,25(OH) 2 D, leading to diminished anti-tumor effects. This review discusses the recent transgenic mouse models of vitamin D 3 metabolism and the Vdr signaling network, and how these contribute to mammary gland development, and cancer tumorigenesis and progression. Collectively, these mouse models have helped clarify mechanisms of action of vitamin D 3 signaling and suggest that activation or restoration of the vitamin D 3 regulated pathway is a potential approach for human breast cancer prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Significance of dynamic evolution of TNF-α, IL-6 and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein levels in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.
- Author
-
Li, Zhaohui and Sheng, Lei
- Subjects
- *
NEONATAL necrotizing enterocolitis , *FATTY acid-binding proteins , *TUMOR necrosis factors , *INTERLEUKIN-6 , *ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay , *CARRIER proteins , *PATIENTS - Abstract
To study the significance of dynamic evolution of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) levels in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). A total of 45 NEC child patients, 45 non-NEC child patients and 45 healthy newborns were enrolled. After the day age, weight, gestational week and delivery mode were matched, the serum TNF-α, IL-6 and I-FABP levels at 6, 24 and 72 h after admission were measured via ELISA method, and their correlations with prognosis were analyzed. The levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 in NEC and non-NEC group reached the peak at 24 h and fell at 72 h; there were no differences in each time point between the two groups (P>0.05), but the levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The level of serum I-FABP in NEC and non-NEC group reached the peak at 6 h, and it fell at 72 h in NEC group and 24 h in non-NEC group; the level of I-FABP in each time point in NEC was significantly higher than that in non-NEC group, and the level was the lowest in healthy group; the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There were 40 cases of survival and 5 cases of death (11.1%) in NEC group, while there were 43 cases of survival and 2 cases of death (4.4%) in non-NEC group. There were no differences in serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels at different times between surviving child patients and dead child patients in NEC group (P>0.05), but the levels of serum I-FABP in surviving child patients at 6 h and 24 h were significantly lower than those in dead child patients (P<0.05), and there was no difference at 72 h (P>0.05). There were no differences in serum TNF-α, IL-6 and I-FABP levels at different times between surviving and dead child patients in non-NEC group (P>0.05). Serum I-FABP level and its dynamic evolution may be important indexes of early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of NEC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Adjuvant treatment with monosialoganglioside may improve neurological outcomes in neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei and Li, Zhaohui
- Subjects
- *
GANGLIOSIDES , *NEUROLOGICAL disorders , *THERAPEUTICS , *NEUROPROTECTIVE agents , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *NEONATAL diseases , *META-analysis - Abstract
Background: Ganglioside has a neuroprotective role in neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). This study aimed to evaluate the neurological outcomes of monosialoganglioside as adjuvant treatment for neonatal HIE by conducting a meta-analysis. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was made in the Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, CNKI, VIP databases through October 2016. Randomized controlled trials comparing monosialoganglioside with the usual treatment for newborns having HIE deemed eligible. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for continuous and dichotomous data, respectively. Results: Ten trials consisting of 787 neonates were included. Adjuvant treatment with monosialoganglioside significantly reduced major neurodevelopmental disabilities (RR = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.21–0.57), cerebral palsy (RR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.12–0.87), mental retardation (RR = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.11–0.88) as well as improved the mental (WMD = 14.95; 95% CI = 7.44–22.46) and psychomotive (WMD = 13.40; 95% CI = 6.69–20.11) development index during the follow-up. Also, monosialoganglioside significantly improved Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment scores (WMD = 2.91; 95% CI = 2.05–3.78) compared with the usual treatment. However, adverse effects associated with monosialoganglioside were poorly reported in the included trials. Conclusion: Adjuvant treatment with monosialoganglioside had beneficial effects in improving neurological outcomes in neonatal HIE. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution because of methodological flaws in the included trials. Furthermore, safety of monosialoganglioside use should also be further evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Membrane assisted reactive crystallization with multiple interfacial flow regimes for effective mass transfer control.
- Author
-
Niu, Yuchao, Sheng, Lei, Qi, Zhibo, Wu, Mengyuan, Du, Shaofu, Meng, Yingshuang, Yuan, Zhijie, Xiao, Wu, Ruan, Xuehua, Yan, Xiaoming, Li, Xiangcun, He, Gaohong, and Jiang, Xiaobin
- Subjects
- *
MASS transfer , *REVERSIBLE phase transitions , *CRYSTALLIZATION , *LIQUID membranes , *STRUCTURAL shells - Abstract
• Two flow regimes were observed in membrane assisted reactive crystallization (MARC). • Reversible transitions between liquid layer and droplet can be achieved on membrane surface. • Controllable mixing and ions diffusion conditions were achieved via MARC. • Crystals with narrow nano/micro size distribution were obtained via MARC. Herein, membrane-assisted reactive crystallization (MARC) with effective interfacial flow regimes was proposed to achieve the effective mass transfer control during reactive crystallization. Three tube-shell side solution systems (EtOH-H 2 O, Butanol-H 2 O and H 2 O-H 2 O) were chosen to form different flow regimes on the membrane surface, including the microscale liquid layer and the uniform droplets. The fundamental mechanisms of 'rising and falling tide' phenomenon, and flexible layer thickness control were uncovered. A force analysis model was established to illustrate the transition behavior of the droplet and liquid layer on the membrane surface. Molecular simulations additionally demonstrated that MARC implemented various ion diffusion conditions in different solution systems. Compared to the conventional reactive crystallization, MARC with multiple flow regimes can achieve effective control of CaCO 3 crystal size ranging from 700 nm to 3 μm and obtain uniform size distribution (coefficient of variation less than 15.1 %), which shed light on the advanced material manufacture with reactive crystallization process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Multi-functional groups decorated composite nanofiber separator with excellent chemical stability in ester-based electrolyte for enhancing the lithium-ion transport.
- Author
-
Xie, Xin, Sheng, Lei, Arbizzani, Catia, Gao, Bin, Gao, Xingxu, Yang, Ling, Bai, Yaozong, Dong, Haoyu, Liu, Gaojun, Wang, Tao, Huang, Xianli, and He, Jianping
- Subjects
- *
POLYACRYLONITRILES , *CHEMICAL stability , *CELLULOSE acetate , *ALKALINE hydrolysis , *ELECTROLYTES , *CHEMICAL structure , *HYDROXYL group - Abstract
As various heat-resistant polymer separators come out, although they possess better thermal stability and superior affinity to liquid electrolyte than commercial polyolefin separator, the porous structure and chemical stability of these novel separators should be paid more attention. In this work, we prepare a thin polyacrylonitrile/cellulose acetate (PAN/CA) composite nanofiber separator and discuss the importance of chemical stability in the ester-based electrolyte. The addition of CA decreases the PAN/CA fiber diameter from 310 nm to 210 nm. However, CA containing a lot of ester groups is easy to be dissolved by liquid electrolyte for the property of similarity and compatibility. Hence, the obtained PAN/CA composite nanofiber separator is treated via alkaline hydrolysis process, and some ester groups are transformed to be hydroxyl groups. Noteworthily, hydroxyl-rich PAN/CA composite nanofiber separator not only remains stable in electrolyte, but also possesses an improved lithium-ion transport property for reducing concentration polarization effect. As a result, the LiCoO 2 /Li half cells employing the hydroxyl-rich composite nanofiber separator exhibits better capacity retention (118.5 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles) and superior rate performance (143.1 mAh g−1 at 3C). Therefore, this multi-functional groups decorated composite nanofiber separator with excellent chemical stability is a candidate for next-generation lithium-based battery. [Display omitted] • PAN/CA composite separator are successfully prepared by electrospinning. • PAN/CA separator possesses outstanding ionic transport property. • Li-symmetric cell with PAN/CA separator obtains a dendrite free Li deposition. • Half-cell with PAN/CA separator exhibits excellent electrochemical performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Reversal of ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity by cinnamic and syringic acids in mice.
- Author
-
Yan, Sheng-lei, Wang, Zhi-hong, Yen, Hsiu-fang, Lee, Yi-ju, and Yin, Mei-chin
- Subjects
- *
HEPATOTOXICOLOGY , *ETHANOL , *CINNAMIC acid , *SYRINGIC acid , *NF-kappa B , *LABORATORY mice , *PHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
Ethanol was used to induce acute hepatotoxicity in mice. Effects of cinnamic acid (CA) and syringic acid (SA) post-intake for hepatic recovery from alcoholic injury was investigated. Ethanol treated mice were supplied by CA or SA at 40 or 80 mg/kg BW/day for 5 days. Results showed that ethanol stimulated protein expression of CYP2E1, p47 phox , gp91 phox , cyclooxygenase-2 and nuclear factor kappa B in liver. CA or SA post-intake restricted hepatic expression of these molecules. Ethanol suppressed nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) expression, and CA or SA enhanced Nrf2 expression in cytosolic and nuclear fractions. Ethanol increased the release of reactive oxygen species, oxidized glutathione, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nitric acid and prostaglandin E 2 . CA or SA lowered hepatic production of these oxidative and inflammatory factors. Histological data revealed that ethanol administration caused obvious foci of inflammatory cell infiltration, and CA or SA post-intake improved hepatic inflammatory infiltration. These findings support that cinnamic acid and syringic acid are potent nutraceutical agents for acute alcoholic liver disease therapy. However, potential additive or synergistic benefits of cinnamic and syringic acids against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity need to be investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Identification of vitamin D3 target genes in human breast cancer tissue.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Anderson, Paul H., Turner, Andrew G., Pishas, Kathleen I., Dhatrak, Deepak J., Gill, Peter G., Morris, Howard A., and Callen, David F.
- Subjects
- *
CHOLECALCIFEROL , *BREAST cancer , *EPITHELIAL cells , *NUCLEOTIDE sequence , *POLYMERASE chain reaction , *GENE expression - Abstract
Multiple epidemiological studies have shown that high vitamin D 3 status is strongly associated with improved breast cancer survival. To determine the molecular pathways influenced by 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1,25D) in breast epithelial cells we isolated RNA from normal human breast and cancer tissues treated with 1,25D in an ex vivo explant system. RNA-Seq revealed 523 genes that were differentially expressed in breast cancer tissues in response to 1,25D treatment, and 127 genes with altered expression in normal breast tissues. GoSeq KEGG pathway analysis revealed 1,25D down-regulated cellular metabolic pathways and enriched pathways involved with intercellular adhesion. The highly 1,25D up-regulated target genes CLMN , SERPINB1 , EFTUD1 , and KLK6 were selected for further analysis and up-regulation by 1,25D was confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis in breast cancer cell lines and in a subset of human clinical samples from normal and cancer breast tissues. Ketoconazole potentiated 1,25D-mediated induction of CLMN , SERPINB1 , and KLK6 mRNA through inhibition of 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) activity. Elevated expression levels of CLMN, SERPINB1 , and KLK6 are associated with prolonged relapse-free survival for breast cancer patients. The major finding of the present study is that exposure of both normal and malignant breast tissue to 1,25D results in changes in cellular adhesion, metabolic pathways and tumor suppressor-like pathways, which support epidemiological data suggesting that adequate vitamin D 3 levels may improve breast cancer outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Complex in vitro 3D models of digestive system tumors to advance precision medicine and drug testing: Progress, challenges, and trends.
- Author
-
Song, Sheng-Lei, Li, Bo, Carvalho, Mariana R., Wang, Hui-Jin, Mao, De-Li, Wei, Ji-Tao, Chen, Wei, Weng, Zhi-Hui, Chen, Yang-Chao, Deng, Chu-Xia, Reis, Rui L., Oliveira, Joaquim M., He, Yu-Long, Yan, Le-Ping, and Zhang, Chang-Hua
- Subjects
- *
DIGESTIVE organs , *INDIVIDUALIZED medicine , *CELL culture , *TUMOR microenvironment , *ANIMAL models in research - Abstract
Digestive system cancers account for nearly half of all cancers around the world and have a high mortality rate. Cell culture and animal models represent cornerstones of digestive cancer research. However, their ability to enable cancer precision medicine is limited. Cell culture models cannot retain the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of tumors and lack tumor microenvironment (TME). Patient-derived xenograft mouse models are not suitable for immune-oncology research. While humanized mouse models are time- and cost-consuming. Suitable preclinical models, which can facilitate the understanding of mechanisms of tumor progression and develop new therapeutic strategies, are in high demand. This review article summarizes the recent progress on the establishment of TME by using tumor organoid models and microfluidic systems. The main challenges regarding the translation of organoid models from bench to bedside are discussed. The integration of organoids and a microfluidic platform is the emerging trend in drug screening and precision medicine. A future prospective on this field is also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. A Genome-Wide Association Study of the Chest Circumference Trait in Xinjiang Donkeys Based on Whole-Genome Sequencing Technology.
- Author
-
Liu, Ling-Ling, Chen, Bin, Chen, Sheng-Lei, and Liu, Wu-Jun
- Subjects
- *
GENOME-wide association studies , *NUCLEOTIDE sequencing , *DONKEYS , *SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms , *WHOLE genome sequencing , *NEURAL crest - Abstract
Animal genotyping by means of genome-wide association studies is important for connecting phenotypes of interest with their underlying genetics in livestock. However, the use of whole genome sequencing to investigate chest circumference (CC) in donkeys has rarely been reported. We aimed to use the genome-wide association study approach to detect significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and key genes associated with chest circumference traits in Xinjiang donkeys. We assessed 112 Xinjiang donkeys in this study. The chest circumference of each was measured 2 h before milking. We re-sequenced blood samples from the Xinjiang donkeys, and genome-wide association study analyses were performed using a mixed model with the PLINK, GEMMA, and REGENIE programs. We tested 38 donkeys for candidate SNPs for genome-wide association study using three software programs. Additionally, 18 SNP markers reached genome-wide significance (p < 1.61 × 10−9). On the basis of these, 41 genes were identified. Previously proposed candidate genes for CC traits were supported by this study, including NFATC2 (Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells 2), PROP1 (PROP Paired-Like Homeobox 1), UBB (Ubiquitin B), and HAND2 (Heart and Neural Crest Derivatives Expressed 2). These promising candidates provide a valuable resource for validating potential meat production genes and will facilitate the development of high-yielding Xinjiang donkey breeds through marker-assisted selection or gene editing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. rGO/Li-Al-LDH composite nanosheets modified commercial polypropylene (PP) separator to suppress lithium dendrites for lithium metal battery.
- Author
-
Yang, Ling, Sheng, Lei, Gao, Xingxu, Xie, Xin, Bai, Yaozong, Liu, Gaojun, Dong, Haoyu, Wang, Tao, Huang, Xianli, and He, Jianping
- Subjects
- *
LITHIUM cells , *NANOSTRUCTURED materials , *DENDRITIC crystals , *POLYPROPYLENE , *IONIC conductivity , *LITHIUM ions , *ALUMINUM-lithium alloys , *LITHIUM - Abstract
• The reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Li-Al-LDH composite nanosheets by hydrothermal method. • This kind of rGO/Li-Al-LDH nanosheets layer is expected to improve the wettability of liquid electrolytes and thermal stability. • The rGO/Li-Al-LDH@PP composite separator exhibits enhanced lithium-ion transport property. • The rGO/Li-Al-LDH@PP composite separator can be applied in Li||LiFePO 4 half cells. Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with ultra-high theoretical energy density are a prospective candidate to replace current lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, there are still two non-negligible problems of lithium dendrites and the volume expansion effect of LMBs. In this study, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Li-Al-LDH composite nanosheets were firstly prepared via a hydrothermal method and then vacuum filtered onto commercial polypropylene (PP) separator. This kind of rGO/Li-Al-LDH nanosheets layer is expected to improve the wettability of liquid electrolytes and thermal stability. Furthermore, rich- Li-Al LDH can promote more ionic carriers and channels, which exhibits higher-efficiency lithium-ion transport properties. Meanwhile, rGO with a graphitic-like structure is able to disperse the concentration of electrons at the sharp point when lithium dendrites arise. As a result, the discharge capacity of the Li||LiFePO 4 cells based on the rGO/Li-Al-LDH@PP separator is still 1.852 mAh after 250 cycles and the capacity decay rate is just 4.24%. It is demonstrated that a feasible and effective strategy for the modified separator can enhance the electrochemical performance of LMBs. [Display omitted] The functional coat is a superior strategy to optimize the interface among the electrode, separator, and liquid electrolyte. In our study, we have synthesized reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Li-Al-LDH composite nanosheets by hydrothermal method. Li-Al-LDH possesses plenty of octahedral vacancies and abundant lithium-ion diffusion pathways. Meanwhile, rGO with a graphitic-like structure is able to disperse the concentration of electrons at the sharp point when lithium dendrites arise. The prepared rGO/Li-Al-LDH@PP composite separator exhibits increased lithium-ion transference number (0.39) and enhanced ionic conductivity (0.74 mS cm−1) when compared with bare PP separator. The cell has excellent cycle performance. The discharge capacity of the Li||LiFePO 4 cells based on the rGO/Li-Al-LDH@PP separator is still 1.852 mAh after 250 cycles and the capacity decay rate is just 4.24%. At the same time, it also improves the rate performance and Coulomb efficiency of the cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. A tailored ceramic composite separator with electron-rich groups for high-performance lithium metal anode.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Xie, Xin, Arbizzani, Catia, Bargnesi, Luca, Bai, Yaozong, Liu, Gaojun, Dong, Haoyu, Wang, Tao, and He, Jianping
- Subjects
- *
LITHIUM , *CERAMICS , *SPACE charge , *POWER resources , *ANODES , *LITHIUM cells , *POLYELECTROLYTES , *COMPOSITE construction - Abstract
Ceramic composite separator is more competitive than traditional polyolefin separator in the field of power supply for superior thermal stability and wettability of liquid electrolyte. In this study, we develop a two-steps method that modifies SiO 2 with acrylamide (AM) by grafting process and prepare a functional SiO 2 composite separator (PE/SiO 2 -AM). This kind of composite separator exhibits similar size-shrinkage (8.8%) to that of PE/SiO 2 composite separator at the tested temperature, lower than 18.1% of bare PE separator, and is electrochemically stable below 4.5 V (vs. Li/Li+). In addition, the Li-symmetric cells employing PE/SiO 2 -AM composite separator have the lowest overpotential and an improved lithium-ion transference number of 0.44. It is demonstrated from DFT calculation that the electron-rich species of imide group is able to uniformly disperse lithium-ion flux at the interface of electrolyte/lithium anode, and contributes to lithium-ion transport process. After assembling the LiCoO 2 /Li half cells, the cell with PE/SiO 2 -AM composite separator displays better cycle performance and higher discharge capacity when compared with other separators. Therefore, functional ceramic separator would be more attractive for next-generation lithium metal battery with high energy density. The functional coat is a superior strategy to optimize the interface among the lithium metal anode, separator and liquid electrolyte. In our study, we have synthesized uniform-size SiO 2 particles and have modified their surface with acrylamide (AM) by a bridge media of vinyl trimethoxysilane (VTMS). AM is a kind of monomer with negative charge property, which is able to stabilize the distribution of lithium-ion at this interface of electrolyte/electrode and affect the space charge layer (C d). This enhanced space charge layer can facilitate the conduction of Li+ (X c = 1/(2πC d)). [Display omitted] • A functional SiO 2 composite separator with imide group (PE/SiO 2 -AM) was prepared. • PE/SiO 2 -AM composite separator exhibits the smallest size-shrinkage separator. • PE/SiO 2 -AM composite separator possesses an improved lithium-ion transference number of 0.44. • The electron-rich species of imide group is able to uniformly disperse the flux of lithium ion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. In situ mineralized Ca3(PO4)2 inorganic coating modified polyethylene separator for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
- Author
-
Xie, Xin, Sheng, Lei, Xu, Rong, Gao, Xingxu, Yang, Ling, Gao, Yong, Bai, Yaozong, Liu, Gaojun, Dong, Haoyu, Fan, Xiaoli, Wang, Tao, Huang, Xianli, and He, Jianping
- Subjects
- *
ULTRAHIGH molecular weight polyethylene , *POLYELECTROLYTES , *LITHIUM-ion batteries , *PHOSPHATE coating , *IONIC conductivity , *SURFACE coatings , *SOLID state batteries - Abstract
[Display omitted] • Flower-like calcium phosphate coating is successfully formed on the surface of modified PE separator. • The obtained composite separator exhibits stronger affinity to electrolyte and absorbs more liquid electrolyte. • CaP@PE separator possess an improved ionic conductivity (0.52 mS cm−1) and lithium-ion transference number (0.36). • Cell assembled with CaP@PE separator exhibits excellent cycle performance and rate performance. The organic–inorganic composite separator possesses great thermal stability and electrolyte wettability, which is normally prepared via the slurry containing binder. However, this preparation is involved with large amounts of organic solvent that is harmful to health. In this paper, we design a novel method that combines the crosslinking technology and biomimetic mineralization process to prepare a Ca 3 (PO 4) 2 inorganic coating modified polyethylene separator (CaP@PE). The obtained composite separator exhibits stronger affinity to electrolyte, and its porous coating structure can store more liquid electrolyte, thus the ionic conductivity is promoted from 0.27 mS cm−1 to 0.52 mS cm−1 and the lithium-ion transference number is increased from 0.26 to 0.36. Compared with PE separator, CaP@PE separator shows better thermal stability at high temperature. Due to the improved ionic transport performance and reduced charge transfer impedance, LiCoO 2 /Li half-cell employing CaP@PE separator displays superior cycle stability and capacity retention ability after 150 cycles at a current density of 1C. Even at a high rate of 5C (7.5 mA cm−2), the cell with CaP@PE separator still exhibits a discharge capacity of 0.80 mAh. This work provides a promising separator to optimize the electrochemical performance and safety performance in lithium-ion battery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Changed activities of enzymes crucial to membrane lipid metabolism accompany pericarp browning in ‘Nanguo’ pears during refrigeration and subsequent shelf life at room temperature.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Zhou, Xin, Liu, Zhi-Yong, Wang, Jun-wei, Zhou, Qian, Wang, Long, Zhang, Qi, and Ji, Shu-juan
- Subjects
- *
PEAR storage , *ENZYME kinetics , *MEMBRANE lipids , *PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of temperature , *LIPID metabolism , *PERICARP , *REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery - Abstract
Cold storage is the primary postharvest technology used to maintain fruit quality and is generally employed to prolong the storage life of ‘Nanguo’ pears ( Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim). However, pericarp browning gradually appeared when ‘Nanguo’ pears were kept at 20 °C after storage for 120 and 180 d at 0 °C. In this study, changes in the browning substrate and activity of key enzyme, membrane permeability, and the extent of membrane lipid peroxidation were investigated. Changes in the activity and gene expression of enzymes involved in the membrane lipid metabolism pathway were also studied. Significantly higher polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and lower total phenolic content were observed in fruit when browning occurred. Fruit kept for 180 d in cold storage showed a significant increase in membrane permeability and malondialdehyde (MDA) content compared to fruit stored for 60 and 120 d. This increase occurred late in cold storage and was maintained during subsequent shelf life. The activity of lipoxygenase (LOX) was remarkably increased and levels of PuPLD and PuLOX transcripts were markedly up-regulated during cold storage. During shelf life after cold storage, when pericarp browning occurred, the activities of phospholipase D (PLD) and LOX were significantly higher and expressions of PuPLD and PuLOX were significantly increased. These results indicated that the severity of pericarp browning during shelf life is related to the duration of cold storage. Pericarp browning resulted from membrane damage, possibly due to expression of PuPLD and PuLOX . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Analysis of the Breakdown Characterization Method in GaN-Based HEMTs.
- Author
-
Zhao, Sheng Lei, Hou, Bin, Chen, Wei Wei, Mi, Min Han, Zheng, Jia Xin, Zhang, Jin Cheng, Ma, Xiao Hua, and Hao, Yue
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRIC breakdown , *GALLIUM nitride , *MODULATION-doped field-effect transistors , *STRAY currents , *LOGIC circuits - Abstract
In this paper, we carried out an analysis of the breakdown characterization method by the investigation on off-state leakage currents and breakdown curves. For conventional breakdown, seven kinds of breakdown curves are summarized and it is found that only two of them can be shown by the conventional three-terminal breakdown characterization method reasonably. For the other five kinds of breakdown curves, the value of the gate leakage current is larger than that of the drain leakage current for a certain drain-bias range. Besides, the source leakage current cannot represent the buffer leakage current, and the values and signs of them are different. These problems contradict the conventional characterization method, indicating that the conventional method should be modified to characterize the breakdown mechanisms correctly. The similar problems also exist for time-dependent breakdown. The buffer and drain-gate leakage currents were obtained by a simple method and the conventional breakdown characterization method was modified by using these two currents. The problems in the conventional breakdown characterization method are solved by using the modified method. Experiments indicate that the modified breakdown characterization method is crucial to investigate the breakdown mechanisms, especially when source-gate leakage current cannot be neglected compared with the buffer leakage current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Effects of shear force on intervertebral disc: an in vivo rabbit study.
- Author
-
Xia, Dong-Dong, Lin, Sheng-Lei, Wang, Xiang-Yang, Wang, Yong-Li, Xu, Hong-Ming, Zhou, Feng, and Tan, Jun
- Subjects
- *
NUCLEUS pulposus , *HISTOLOGY , *SPONDYLOLISTHESIS , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *LABORATORY rabbits - Abstract
Purpose: A new in vivo rabbit model was developed to investigate the effects of shear force on intervertebral disc (IVD). Methods: Japanese white rabbits ( n = 38) were used for this study. The L4/5 discs in Group A ( n = 10) were subjected to a constant shear force (50 N) using a custom-made external loading device for 1 month; in Group B ( n = 10) for 2 months; whereas in Group C ( n = 10), loading device was attached to the spine but the discs remained unloaded. Group D ( n = 8) was a non-operated intact control group. After loading, the loading devices were taken out and the animals were given X-ray and MRI examination. After X-ray and MRI examination, the animals were euthanized for histological analysis. Results: After 1 and 2 months of loading, radiographic findings showed significant disc height narrowing in L4/5 discs of the animals in loading groups, and slight lumbar spondylolisthesis in some animals of Group B. MRI showed a significant decrease in nucleus pulposus (NP) area and signal intensity from T2-weighted images. Histologically, loss of normal NP cells and disorganization of the architecture of the annulus occurred, and proteoglycan stain decreased. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that disc degeneration can be induced by hyper-physiological shear loading in the rabbit IVD. Long-term shear loading may result in structural disc failure inducing lumbar spondylolisthesis and progressive disc degeneration, which, however, has to be proven by further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Suppression of neurite outgrowth of primary cultured hippocampal neurons is involved in impairment of glutamate metabolism and NMDA receptor function caused by nanoparticulate TiO2.
- Author
-
Hong, Fashui, Sheng, Lei, Ze, Yuguan, Hong, Jie, Zhou, Yingjun, Wang, Ling, Liu, Dong, Yu, Xiaohong, Xu, Bingqing, Zhao, Xiaoyang, and Ze, Xiao
- Subjects
- *
NEUROTOXICOLOGY , *HIPPOCAMPUS (Brain) , *METHYL aspartate , *GLUTAMINE synthetase , *PROTEIN expression , *GLUTAMIC acid metabolism - Abstract
Numerous studies have indicated that nano-titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) can induce neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo , however, it is unclear whether nano-TiO 2 affects neurite outgrowth of hippocampal neurons. In order to investigate the mechanism of neurotoxicity, rat primary cultured hippocampal neurons on the fourth day of culture were exposed to 5, 15, and 30 μg/mL nano-TiO 2 for 24 h, and nano-TiO 2 internalization, dendritic growth, glutamate metabolism, expression of N-methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits (NR1, NR2A and NR2B), calcium homeostasis, sodium current (I Na ) and potassium current (I K ) were examined. Our findings demonstrated that nano-TiO 2 crossed the membrane into the cytoplasm or nucleus, and significantly suppressed dendritic growth of primary cultured hippocampal neurons in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, nano-TiO 2 induced a marked release of glutamate to the extracellular region, decreased glutamine synthetase activity and increased phosphate-activated glutaminase activity, elevated intracellular calcium ([Ca 2+ ]i), down-regulated protein expression of NR1, NR2A and NR2B, and increased the amplitudes of the I Na and I K . In addition, nano-TiO 2 increased nitric oxide and nitrice synthase, attenuated the activities of Ca 2+ -ATPase and Na + /K + -ATPase, and increased the ADP/ATP ratio in the primary neurons. Taken together, these findings indicate that nano-TiO 2 inhibits neurite outgrowth of hippocampal neurons by interfering with glutamate metabolism and impairing NMDA receptor function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Protective effects of maslinic acid against alcohol-induced acute liver injury in mice.
- Author
-
Yan, Sheng-lei, Yang, Hui-ting, Lee, Hsiang-lin, and Yin, Mei-chin
- Subjects
- *
ALCOHOL-induced disorders , *LIVER injuries , *BODY weight , *HEPATOTOXICOLOGY , *LABORATORY mice , *CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP2E1 - Abstract
Protective effects of maslinic acid (MA) at 10, 15 or 20 mg/kg body weight/day against alcohol-induced acute hepatotoxicity in mice were examined. Mice were administrated by MA for 3 weeks, and followed by alcohol treatment. Results showed that MA pre-intake at three doses resulted in its accumulation in the liver; and dose-dependently lowered cytochrome P450 2E1 activity and protein expression at 23.5–51.2% and 21.4–62.3%, respectively ( P < 0.05). MA pre-intake decreased subsequent alcohol-induced reactive oxygen species, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, nitric oxide and prostaglandin E 2 production; retained glutathione content; maintained catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities; and declined cyclooxygenase-2 and total nitric oxide synthase activities in the liver ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, MA pre-intake suppressed 17.3–51.7% nuclear factor kappa (NF-κ)B p50, 23.5–58.8% NF-κB p65, 25.6–62.4% p-p38 and 24.1–63.0% p-JNK expression in the liver ( P < 0.05). Histological data indicated that MA intake at test doses attenuated hepatic inflammatory infiltrate. These findings support that maslinic acid is a potent preventive agent against acute alcoholic liver disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. TiO2 Nanoparticles Induced Hippocampal Neuroinflammation in Mice.
- Author
-
Ze, Yuguan, Sheng, Lei, Zhao, Xiaoyang, Hong, Jie, Ze, Xiao, Yu, Xiaohong, Pan, Xiaoyu, Lin, Anan, Zhao, Yue, Zhang, Chi, Zhou, Qiuping, Wang, Ling, and Hong, Fashui
- Subjects
- *
TITANIUM dioxide nanoparticles , *HIPPOCAMPUS diseases , *INFLAMMATION , *NANOMEDICINE , *TUMOR necrosis factors , *LABORATORY mice - Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have been used in various medical and industrial areas. However, the impacts of these nanoparticles on neuroinflammation in the brain are poorly understood. In this study, mice were exposed to 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg body weight TiO2 NPs for 90 consecutive days, and the TLRs/TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway associated with the hippocampal neuroinflammation was investigated. Our findings showed titanium accumulation in the hippocampus, neuroinflammation and impairment of spatial memory in mice following exposure to TiO2 NPs. Furthermore, TiO2 NPs significantly activated the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR2, TLR4), tumor necrosis factor-α, nucleic IκB kinase, NF-κB-inducible kinase, nucleic factor–κB, NF-κB2(p52), RelA(p65), and significantly suppressed the expression of IκB and interleukin-2. These findings suggest that neuroinflammation may be involved in TiO2 NP-induced alterations of cytokine expression in mouse hippocampus. Therefore, more attention should be focused on the application of TiO2 NPs in the food industry and their long-term exposure effects, especially in the human central nervous system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Computed tomography morphometric analysis of C2 translaminar screw fixation of Wright's technique and a modified technique in the pediatric cervical spine.
- Author
-
Xia, Dong-Dong, Lin, Sheng-Lei, Chen, Wei, Shen, Zhong-Hai, Li, Yao, Wang, Xiang-Yang, Xu, Hua-Zi, and Chi, Yong-Long
- Abstract
Purpose: To establish reference data on the dimensions of C2 lamina to guide the use of translaminar screws with Wright's technique and a modified technique for pediatric patients in different age groups.Methods: 113 pediatric patients were divided into six age groups, and their cervical vertebrae were studied on CT scans. Laminar height, width, length and screw angle were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using Student t tests, Pearson's correlation and linear regression analysis.Results: Mean laminar height was 10.95 ± 2.81 mm, and mean width was 6.01 ± 0.90 mm. For Wright's technique, mean laminar length was 30.65 ± 3 mm, and the screw angle was 56.02° ± 3.62°. For the modified technique, mean laminar length was 22.07 ± 2.38 mm, and the screw angle was 67.40° ± 3.39°. 95.6% (108/113) of the children could insert a screw into the lamina (laminar width ≥ 4.5 mm), 72.6% (82/113) could accept bilateral translaminar screws (laminar width ≥ 4.5 mm and laminar height ≥ 9 mm).Conclusion: Our investigation provides insight into the anatomy of C2 lamina in six pediatric age groups. Compared to adults, the benefits of C2 translaminar screws fixation are more obvious in the pediatric spine which has a large C2 lamina. Compared to Wright's technique, the modified technique should insert a screw with bigger insert angle and shorter screw length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Computed tomography morphometric analysis of C2 translaminar screw fixation of Wright's technique and a modified technique in the pediatric cervical spine.
- Author
-
Xia, Dong-Dong, Lin, Sheng-Lei, Chen, Wei, Shen, Zhong-Hai, Li, Yao, Wang, Xiang-Yang, Xu, Hua-Zi, and Chi, Yong-Long
- Subjects
- *
COMPUTED tomography , *MORPHOMETRICS , *WRIGHT'S stain , *REGRESSION analysis , *PATIENTS ,SPINAL canal diseases - Abstract
Purpose: To establish reference data on the dimensions of C2 lamina to guide the use of translaminar screws with Wright's technique and a modified technique for pediatric patients in different age groups. Methods: 113 pediatric patients were divided into six age groups, and their cervical vertebrae were studied on CT scans. Laminar height, width, length and screw angle were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using Student t tests, Pearson's correlation and linear regression analysis. Results: Mean laminar height was 10.95 ± 2.81 mm, and mean width was 6.01 ± 0.90 mm. For Wright's technique, mean laminar length was 30.65 ± 3 mm, and the screw angle was 56.02° ± 3.62°. For the modified technique, mean laminar length was 22.07 ± 2.38 mm, and the screw angle was 67.40° ± 3.39°. 95.6 % (108/113) of the children could insert a screw into the lamina (laminar width ≥4.5 mm), 72.6 % (82/113) could accept bilateral translaminar screws (laminar width ≥4.5 mm and laminar height ≥9 mm). Conclusion: Our investigation provides insight into the anatomy of C2 lamina in six pediatric age groups. Compared to adults, the benefits of C2 translaminar screws fixation are more obvious in the pediatric spine which has a large C2 lamina. Compared to Wright's technique, the modified technique should insert a screw with bigger insert angle and shorter screw length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Ultrasound signal wavelet analysis to quantify the microstructures of normal and frozen tissues in vitro.
- Author
-
Sheng, Lei, Wang, Gubing, Li, Fubing, Luo, Jianwen, and Liu, Jing
- Subjects
- *
ULTRASONIC imaging , *WAVELETS (Mathematics) , *MICROSTRUCTURE , *FROZEN tissue sections , *CRYOSURGERY , *LIVER cancer , *IN vitro studies - Abstract
Cryosurgery has a number of advantages that make it particularly appealing in the treatment of liver cancer. However, a major problem for the wide clinical adoption of hepatic cryosurgery is the lack of a cost effective high resolution imaging way which is capable of both performing precise monitoring of the freezing process in situ and evaluating the postoperative effects after surgery. The mean scatterer spacing has been found to be an important parameter for describing the ultrasonic scattering and characterization of biological tissues. However, its potential values in the evaluation of cryosurgical effects of tissues reserved unclear so far. Here, we investigated the wavelet analysis to estimate the mean scatterer spacing parameter in normal and freeze–thawed tissues on porcine livers in vitro. The experimental results carried out at 10MHz using weakly focused pulse-echo signal element transducer indicated that the mean scatterer spacing in normal liver tissues is 1.12±0.13mm whereas it is 1.67±0.25mm in several pre-frozen and then thawed tissues. These results disclosed the good correlation between the wavelet data and microstructures of the normal or thawed tissues, and hence demonstrated that the wavelet analysis holds promise to be used as an effective method for the characterization of thawed tissues scatterer spacing. The present method offers a potential pragmatic strategy for monitoring the transition zone between frozen and unfrozen tissues during the surgical therapy, and evaluating postoperative effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Neurotoxic characteristics of spatial recognition damage of the hippocampus in mice following subchronic peroral exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles.
- Author
-
Ze, Yuguan, Sheng, Lei, Zhao, Xiaoyang, Ze, Xiao, Wang, Xuecen, Zhou, Qiuping, Liu, Jialiang, Yuan, Yifei, Gui, Suxin, Sang, Xuezi, Sun, Qingqing, Hong, Jie, Yu, Xiaohong, Wang, Ling, Li, Bingyan, and Hong, Fashui
- Subjects
- *
NEUROTOXICOLOGY , *HIPPOCAMPUS physiology , *TITANIUM dioxide , *METAL nanoparticles , *GENE expression , *LABORATORY mice - Abstract
Highlights: [•] TiO2 NPs exposure resulted in hippocampus injury and decreased spatial recognition of mice. [•] TiO2 NPs exposure resulted in decreased long-term potentiation. [•] TiO2 NPs exposure caused down-regulation of NR2A and NR2B expression in hippocampus. [•] TiO2 NPs decreased expression of CaMKIV, CREB-1 and FosB/DFosB. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Influence of a drain field plate on the forward blocking characteristics of an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor.
- Author
-
Sheng-Lei, Zhao, Wei-Wei, Chen, Tong, Yue, Yi, Wang, Jun, Luo, Wei, Mao, Xiao-Hua, Ma, and Yue, Hao
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRIC properties of aluminum gallium nitride , *ELECTRIC properties of gallium nitride , *ELECTRON mobility , *BREAKDOWN voltage , *ELECTRIC fields - Abstract
In this paper, the influence of a drain field plate (FP) on the forward blocking characteristics of an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) is investigated. The HEMT with only a gate FP is optimized, and breakdown voltage VBR is saturated at 1085 V for gate—drain spacing LGD ≥ 8 μm. On the basis of the HEMT with a gate FP, a drain FP is added with LGD = 10 μm. For the length of the drain FP LDF ≤ 2 μm, VBR is almost kept at 1085 V, showing no degradation. When LDF exceeds 2 μm, VBR decreases obviously as LDF increases. Moreover, the larger the LDF, the larger the decrease of VBR. It is concluded that the distance between the gate edge and the drain FP edge should be larger than a certain value to prevent the drain FP from affecting the forward blocking voltage and the value should be equal to the LGD at which VBR begins to saturate in the first structure. The electric field and potential distribution are simulated and analyzed to account for the decrease of VBR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Ultrasonic evaluation of microwave-induced thermal lesions based on wavelet analysis of mean scatterer spacing.
- Author
-
Zhou, Zhuhuang, Sheng, Lei, Wu, Shuicai, Yang, Chunlan, and Zeng, Yi
- Subjects
- *
ULTRASONICS , *MICROWAVES , *THERMAL analysis , *WAVELETS (Mathematics) , *COAGULATION , *TISSUE engineering , *RADIO frequency - Abstract
Highlights: [•] Ultrasound RF data of normal and coagulated porcine liver tissues is collected. [•] Wavelet analysis is used to compute the mean scatterer spacing (MSS) of normal and coagulated tissues. [•] Microwave-induced thermal lesions are detected by MSS differences between normal tissues and thermal lesions. [•] We propose a new method for evaluation of microwave-induced thermal lesions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.