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Currently, the importance of gas sensing is rapidly gaining recognition in a multitude of domains, including environmental conservation, security measures, food safety protocols, and medical diagnostic processes. As the requirements for these applications continue to escalate, there is a corresponding upsurge in the demand for gas sensors that can provide improved sensing performance. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are among the most promising materials for sensing applications, owing to their highly tunable porous structures and exceptionally high specific surface areas. In parallel, fluorescence sensing stands out as an exceptional technique due to its ultra-high sensitivity and rapid response time. Hence, the integration of MOF-based structures with fluorescent sensing, merging a state-of-the-art sensing material with an advanced technique, has exhibited remarkable performance in detecting a spectrum of gases, encompassing both inorganic and organic species. This review commences with a detailed exposition of the operational mechanisms underlying gas sensing based on the fluorescent MOF material. It proceeds to showcase the targeted applications of this technology within the realm of gas sensing, encompassing the detection of oxygen, nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), and an assortment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The review concludes with an in-depth discussion of the future prospects and the challenges faced in the advancement of MOF-based fluorescent gas sensing technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thin‐film fluorescent sensors play critical roles in the gas sensing field. However, fluorescent sensing materials for practical applications are limited, because of the aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) effect and photobleaching. This study investigates a host–guest thin‐film fluorescence sensor by incorporating a fluorescent probe into a metal–organic framework (MOF). The fluorescent molecule Me4BOPHY‐1 acts as a recognition probe for the neurotoxin analog diethylchlorophosphite (DCP). The MOF (ZIF‐8) provides nanocavities for the confinement of guest molecules, which reduces the self‐aggregation of fluorescent molecules and pre‐enriches the target gas. By applying ZIF‐8 framework to disperse the fluorescent molecules, the ACQ effect of Me4BOPHY‐1 can be effectively overcome. The fluorescence quantum efficiency of the molecules is increased from 0.76% to 19.72%, which enables its ability for gas sensing with a fast response time of 3 s and a detection limit as low as 1.13 ppb. Besides, the MOF facilitates selectivity enhancement through the confinement effect, weakening the sensing response to the interference of HCl. Moreover, the confinement effect also ensures high photo‐stability as well as thermal stability. It can maintain fluorescence intensity under 4800 s' laser irradiation. Thus, the host–guest design strategy offers a thin‐film fluorescence gas sensor with high 3S (sensitivity, selectivity, and stability) toward neurotoxin analytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemo-sensor designing involves a time-consuming trial-and-error screening process, which commonly cannot lead to optimal S 4 R features (Sensitivity, Selectivity, Speed, Stability, and Reversibility). Due to strong path dependence on reported groups/mechanisms, conventional chemo-sensors often fail to meet critical application demands, especially in achieving high reversibility without compromising other features. Here, a three-step screen and design strategy is developed for gaining customized chemo-sensors, through Structure modeling; MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) analysis, and Performance verification. With such a strategy, the coordination hanging anion mechanism is screened out for reversible nerve agent detection and shows reversible emission enhancement by 25.8 times with DCP, ultrasensitive vapor phase detection (5.7 ppb), and rapid response(10 s) and recovery speed (20 s). Such tailored designing strategy for new organic chemo-sensors will probably play an important role in developing high-performance sensing system in the future., (© 2025 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Thin-film fluorescent chemosensors, characterized by their tunable design, high selectivity, and exceptional sensitivity, hold significant promise for gas detection applications. However, the simultaneous realization of the 3S attributes (sensitivity, selectivity, and stability) remains a formidable challenge, particularly in the underexplored field of near-infrared (NIR) gas detection. In this work, we employ an acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) molecular design strategy to drive the development of an organic semiconductor fluorescent material with a progressive red shift in the emission wavelength. As a result, we synthesized C8-IDTT-IC, a NIR fluorescent thin film with a peak emission at 790 nm. In contrast to conventional visible fluorescent materials, this NIR material demonstrates excellent resistance to background light interference and optical damage, particularly in the detection of biogenic amines. Systematic evaluations reveal that the material achieves remarkable selectivity, with a detection limit as low as 116 ppb, a rapid response time of less than 30 s, and an optical damage rate of only 3% over 1800 s. The practical utility of this material is further exemplified by its integration into a hand-held detector, enabling real-time monitoring of spoilage in beef and fish samples, showcasing its potential for real-world applications.

Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation (LPO) with the potential for antitumor immunity activation. In this study, a nonferrous cyclopentadienyl metal-based ferroptosis inducer [Ir(Cp*)(Bet)Cl]Cl (Ir-Bet) was developed by a metal-ligand synergistic enhancement (MLSE) strategy involving the reaction of [Ir(Cp*)Cl] 2 Cl 2 with the natural product Betulin. The fusion of Betulin with iridium cyclopentadienyl (Ir-Cp*) species as Ir-Bet not only tremendously enhanced the antiproliferative activity toward cancer cells, but also activated ferritinophagy for iron homeostasis regulation by PI3K/Akt/mTOR cascade inhibition with a lower dosage of Betulin, and then evoked an immune response by nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activation of Ir-Cp* species. Further immunogenic cell death (ICD) occurred by remarkable ferroptosis through glutathione (GSH) depletion, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) deactivation and ferritinophagy. An in vivo vaccination experiment demonstrated desirable antitumor and immunogenic effects of Ir-Bet by increasing the ratio of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs)/regulatory T cells (Tregs)., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)