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Following the invasion by the pine wood nematode (PWN) into north‐east China, a notable disparity in susceptibility was observed among Pinaceae species. Larix olgensis exhibited marked resilience and suffered minimal fatalities, while Pinus koraiensis experienced significant mortality due to PWN infection. Our research demonstrated that the PWNs in L. olgensis showed a 13.43% reduction in lipid content compared to P. koraiensis (p < 0.05), which was attributable to the accumulation of caffeic acid in L. olgensis. This reduction in lipid content was correlated with a decreased overwintering survival of PWNs. The diminished lipid reserves were associated with substantial stunting in PWNs, including reduced body length and maximum body width. The result suggests that lower lipid content is a major factor contributing to the lower overwintering survival rate of PWNs in L. olgensis induced by caffeic acid. Through verification tests, we concluded that the minimal fatalities observed in L. olgensis could be attributed to the reduced overwintering survival of PWNs, a consequence of caffeic acid‐induced stunting. This study provides valuable insights into PWN–host interactions and suggests that targeting caffeic acid biosynthesis pathways could be a potential strategy for managing PWN in forest ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism live streaming, as a powerful online platform connecting destinations and users, has promoted the recovery of tourism in the post‐epidemic era. This study uses the stimulus‐organism‐response (SOR) framework to investigate the connections among social presence, perceived value, and user's participation willingness in tourism activities. Through analyzing 383 responses collected from Douyin users, it is confirmed that social presence and emotional social presence will positively affect users' participation willingness. In addition, perceived functional value and perceived affective value play a partial positive mediating role, and user innovativeness positively moderates the connection between perceived value and users' participation willingness. This study is helpful for anchors and platforms to achieve better tourism live broadcast operation and management and is helpful for the tourism service industry to expand product influence and business performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) has been reported as helpful in identifying hypervolemia. Observation data showed that hypervolemic maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients identified using BIA methods have higher mortality risk. However, it is not known if BIA-guided fluid management can improve MHD patients’ survival. The objectives of the BOCOMO study are to evaluate the outcome of BIA guided fluid management compared with standard care. Methods This is a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial. More than 1300 participants from 16 clinical sites will be included in the study. The enrolment period will last 6 months, and minimum length of follow-up will be 36 months. MHD patients aged between 18 years and 80 years who have been on MHD for at least 3 months and meet eligibility criteria will be invited to participate in the study. Participants will be randomized to BIA arm or control arm in a 1:1 ratio. A portable whole body bioimpedance spectroscopy device (BCM—Fresenius Medical Care D GmbH) will be used for BIA measurement at baseline for both arms of the study. In the BIA arm, additional BCM measurements will be performed every 2 months. The primary intent-to-treat analysis will compare outcomes for a composite endpoint of death, acute myocardial infarction, stroke or incident peripheral arterial occlusive disease between groups. Secondary endpoints will include left ventricular wall thickness, blood pressure, medications, and incidence and length of hospitalization. Discussions Previous results regarding the benefit of strict fluid control are conflicting due to small sample sizes and unstable dry weight estimating methods. To our knowledge this is the first large-scale, multicentre, prospective, randomized controlled trial to assess whether BIS-guided volume management improves outcomes of MHD patients. The endpoints of the BOCOMO study are of utmost importance to health care providers. In order to obtain that aim, the study was designed with very careful important considerations related to the endpoints, sample size, inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria and so on. For example, annual mortality of Beijing MHD patients was around 10%. To reach statistical significance, the sample size will be very large. By using composite endpoint, the sample size becomes reasonable and feasible. Limiting inclusion to patients with urine volume less than 800 ml/day the day before dialysis session will limit confounding due to residual renal function effects on the measured parameters. Patients who had received BIS measurement within 3 months prior to enrolment are excluded as data from such measurements might lead to protocol violation. Although not all patients enrolled will be incident patients, we will record the vintage of dialysis in the multivariable analysis. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials NCT01509937

Herein we report the controllable synthesis of NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+via mesoscale regulation through the introduction of Li+/K+ into a hydrothermal system. The crystal evolution process of β-NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ is investigated based on the reaction parameters. The mesoscale growth process includes four stages: (1) nucleation, (2) aggregation, (3) orientation growth, and (4) ripening. Through the introduction of Li+/K+ into the hydrothermal environment, super-small β-NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ upconversion nanoparticles can be obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we report the development of a facile one-pot hydrothermal method for the controlled synthesis of monodispersed BaGdF5 :Yb/Er nanoparticles for computed tomography ( CT) and magnetic resonance ( MR) imaging. The as-prepared nanoparticles have uniform size with a diameter of 20-25 nm. MTT tests show that the cell viability surpasses 90% even with a concentration of nanoparticles of 500 µg/ mL, suggesting that the as-prepared BaGdF5 :Yb/Er nanoparticles possess low toxicity. For both BaGdF5 :Yb/Er nanoparticles and iopromide, the Hounsfield unit ( HU) values increase with the their concentration. The slope of BaGdF5 :Yb/Er nanoparticles is about 26.47, which is much higher than that of iopromide (16.98), indicating a better CT imaging effect. Interestingly, we find that the synthesized BaGdF5 :Yb/Er nanoparticles exhibit paramagnetism. Our in vitro and in vivo imaging experiments demonstrate that the synthesized monodispersed BaGdF5 :Yb/Er nanoparticles can serve as effective contrast agents for CT and MR imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To explore the cut-off values of haemoglobin (Hb) on adverse clinical outcomes in incident peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients based on a national-level database., Methods: The observational cohort study was from the Peritoneal Dialysis Telemedicine-assisted Platform (PDTAP) dataset. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and modified MACE (MACE+). The secondary outcomes were the occurrences of hospitalization, first-episode peritonitis and permanent transfer to haemodialysis (HD)., Results: A total of 2591 PD patients were enrolled between June 2016 and April 2019 and followed up until December 2020. Baseline and time-averaged Hb <100 g/l were associated with all-cause mortality, MACE, MACE+ and hospitalizations. After multivariable adjustments, only time-averaged Hb <100 g/l significantly predicted a higher risk for all-cause mortality {hazard ratio [HR] 1.83 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-281], P = .006}, MACE [HR 1.99 (95% CI 1.16-3.40), P = .012] and MACE+ [HR 1.77 (95% CI 1.15-2.73), P = .010] in the total cohort. No associations between Hb and hospitalizations, transfer to HD and first-episode peritonitis were observed. Among patients with Hb ≥100 g/l at baseline, younger age, female, use of iron supplementation, lower values of serum albumin and renal Kt/V independently predicted the incidence of Hb <100 g/l during the follow-up., Conclusion: This study provided real-world evidence on the cut-off value of Hb for predicting poorer outcomes through a nation-level prospective PD cohort., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the ERA.)

Introduction: Telemedicine (TM) has shown to provide potential benefits on clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease but limited evidences published in the peritoneal dialysis (PD) population. This study aimed to explore the long-term effects of TM on the mortality and technique failure., Methods: The Peritoneal Dialysis Telemedicine-assisted Platform Cohort Study (PDTAP Study) was conducted prospectively in 27 hospitals in China since 2016. Patient and practice data were collected through the doctor-end of the TM app (Manburs) for all participants. TM including self-monitoring records, on-line education materials, and real-time physician-patient contact was only performed for the patient-end users of the Manburs. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. The secondary outcomes were cause-specific mortality and all-cause and cause-specific permanent transfer to hemodialysis., Results: A total of 7,539 PD patients were enrolled between June 2016 and April 2019, with follow-up till December 2020. Patients were divided into two cohorts: TM group (39.1%) and non-TM group (60.9%). A propensity score was used to create 2,160 matched pairs in which the baseline covariates were well-balanced. There were significantly lower risks of all-cause mortality (HR 0.59 [0.51, 0.67], p < 0.001), CVD mortality (HR 0.59 [0.49, 0.70], p < 0.001), all-cause transfer to hemodialysis (0.57 [0.48, 0.67], p < 0.001), transfer to hemodialysis from PD-related infection (0.67 [0.51, 0.88], p = 0.003), severe fluid overload (0.40 [0.30, 0.55], p < 0.001), inadequate solute clearance (0.49 [0.26, 0.92], p = 0.026), and catheter-related noninfectious complications (0.41 [0.17, 0.97], p = 0.041) in the TM group compared with the non-TM group., Conclusion: This study indicated real-world associations between TM usage and reduction in patient survival and technique survival through a multicenter prospective cohort., (© 2022 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

The development of targeted nanoprobes is a promising approach to cancer diagnostics and therapy. In the present work, a novel multifunctional photo/magnet-diagnostic nanoprobe (MNPs-PEG 2K -FA@Ce6) has been developed. This nanoprobe is built using folic acid (FA), bifunctional polyethylene glycol (PEG 2K ) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6). The MNPs-PEG 2K -FA@Ce6 nanoprobes are superparamagnetic, can be synthesized on a large scale by a one-pot hydrothermal process without further surface modification and are stable in an aqueous environment for eight months. Compared with free Ce6 nanoprobes in vitro studies, the MNPs-PEG 2K -FA@Ce6 nanoprobes significantly enhance cellular uptake efficiency and promote the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with the assistance of 633 nm laser irradiation. The unique nanoprobes show superior penetration and a retention time of more than six days with less accumulation in the liver allowing highly effective tumor recognition and monitoring. Additionally, there was little damage to healthy organs or tissues. These exciting new nanoprobes could be potential building blocks to develop new clinical therapies and translational medicine.