Search

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common and serious acute inflammatory disease with high severity rate and mortality. Inflammation and oxidative stress play an extremely important role in the development of AP disease. Polyvinylpyrrolidone‐modified iridium nanoparticles (IrNP‐PVP) have multienzyme mimetic activity, and the aim of this article is to discuss the therapeutic alleviative effects of the ultrasmall nanozymes IrNP‐PVP on AP through their antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects. IrNP‐PVP were proved to inhibit inflammation and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the cellular level. The synthetic IrNP‐PVP exhibit remarkable antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities in the prevention and treatment of AP mice by establishing murine AP model, which can reduce the oxidative stress and inflammatory response. The results of this article indicated that the ultrasmall nanozymes IrNP‐PVP effectively alleviate AP via scavenging ROS as well as suppressing inflammation both in vivo and in vitro, which might provide enormous promise for the AP management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Fe3O4/C@SiC nanocomposites were synthesized by pyrolyzing MIL‐101(Fe)@SiC nanocomposites under Ar gas atmosphere. The magnetic Fe3O4 enhances the magnetic loss of the composite material, while the abundant defects and voids on the surface of MIL‐101(Fe)‐derived porous carbon form a network with SiC whiskers, extending the transmission path of electromagnetic waves. The synergistic effect of Fe3O4 and porous carbon optimizes the impedance matching of the material and improves its attenuation capability. As a result, the Fe3O4/C@SiC nanocomposite exhibits excellent microwave absorption performance. Fe3O4/C@SiC nanocomposites about minimal reflection loss (RLmin) of −80.11 dB at 5.93 GHz and an effective absorption bandwidth (RL −10 dB) of 3.57 GHz (4.33–7.90 GHz). The findings of this study shed light on the potential of SiC for microwave absorption applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To tackle the aggravating electromagnetic wave (EMW) pollution issues, high-efficiency EMW absorption materials are being urgently explored. The FeSiCr soft magnetic alloy is one of the more widely used and well-received iron-based soft magnetic alloy materials with high permeability; however, the development of high-performance FeSiCr alloy wave-absorbing materials is still a major challenge. In this study, double core–shell-structured composites of MIL-88(Fe)@Fe2O3@FeSiCr were successfully prepared by the oxidative heat treatment of the flaky FeSiCr obtained after ball milling and then in situ composited with MIL-88(Fe). The heterogeneous interfacial composition and microstructure were regulated to balance the microwave-loss capability and impedance matching of the material, and an enhancement of the composite absorbing performance was achieved. The composite material had a reflection-loss minimization (RLmin) of −72.65 dB, corresponding to a frequency of 6.61 GHz, with an absorbing coating thickness of 2.97 mm and an effective absorbing bandwidth (RL ≤ −10 dB) of 2.38 GHz (5.42–7.80 GHz). The results of this study provide useful ideas for wave-absorbing materials by applying high permeability soft magnetic alloy micropowders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the complex and ever-changing manufacturing environment, maintaining the long-term steady and efficient work of the assembly line is the ultimate goal pursued by relevant enterprises, the foundation of which is a balanced load. Therefore, this paper carries out research on the two-sided assembly line balance problem (TALBP) for load balancing. At first, a mathematical programming model is established with the objectives of optimizing the line efficiency, smoothness index, and completion time smoothness index of the two-sided assembly line (TAL). Secondly, a deep reinforcement learning algorithm combining distributed proximal policy optimization (DPPO) and the convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. Based on the distributed reinforcement learning agent structure assisted by the marker layer, the task assignment states of the two-sided assembly and decisions of selecting tasks are defined. Task assignment logic and reward function are designed according to the optimization objectives to guide task selection and assignment. Finally, the performance of the proposed algorithm is verified on the benchmark problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lung cancer is the leading prevalent form of human cancer and has the highest mortality rate among all cancer types. The role and potential mechanism of the lung microbiome in lung cancer is still unknown. This study aims to investigate the microbiomes of lung cancer patients possessing different levels of infiltrated CD8 + T cells and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) receptors, and further assess the correlation between specific microbes and the immune environment of lung tumor., Methods: We analyzed the microbiomes of lung cancer tissues from patients with different levels of infiltrated CD8 + T cells and PD-1 expression using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The relative abundance of dominant phyla and genera was compared, and the correlation between microbial composition and immune markers was explored., Results: Our results showed that lung cancer tissues displayed similar microbiome profiles, including Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria as the dominant phyla; and Chryseobacterium, Triticum aestivum (bread wheat), and Acinetobacter as the dominant genera. We found that the relative abundance of Chryseobacterium was positively correlated with CD8 + T cell infiltration and the level of PD-1 expression, while the relative abundance of Acinetobacter was negatively associated with the PD-1 level. In addition, higher beta diversity was identified in samples with low CD8 + T cell infiltration, but no significant correlation between beta diversity and PD-1 expression was observed. Furthermore, the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria was significantly higher in both the CD8 high and PD-1 high groups., Conclusions: Our study indicated that the lung microbiota played an indispensable role in the CD8 + T cell-mediated tumor immune response. These findings shed light on valuable insights into the intricate interplay between the lung microbiome and the immune system in the progression of lung cancer, offing potential therapeutic strategies targeting the lung microbiome., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://tcr.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tcr-24-107/coif). All authors report this study was funded by Shenzhen Science and Technology R&D Funds-Basic Research (Key Project) (No. JCYJ20200109120208018) and 2024 Hospital-Level Clinical Research Key Project of Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (No. 20243357014). The authors have no other conflicts of interest to declare., (2024 Translational Cancer Research. All rights reserved.)

To tackle the aggravating electromagnetic wave (EMW) pollution issues, high-efficiency EMW absorption materials are being urgently explored. The FeSiCr soft magnetic alloy is one of the more widely used and well-received iron-based soft magnetic alloy materials with high permeability; however, the development of high-performance FeSiCr alloy wave-absorbing materials is still a major challenge. In this study, double core-shell-structured composites of MIL-88(Fe)@Fe 2 O 3 @FeSiCr were successfully prepared by the oxidative heat treatment of the flaky FeSiCr obtained after ball milling and then in situ composited with MIL-88(Fe). The heterogeneous interfacial composition and microstructure were regulated to balance the microwave-loss capability and impedance matching of the material, and an enhancement of the composite absorbing performance was achieved. The composite material had a reflection-loss minimization (RL min ) of -72.65 dB, corresponding to a frequency of 6.61 GHz, with an absorbing coating thickness of 2.97 mm and an effective absorbing bandwidth (RL ≤ -10 dB) of 2.38 GHz (5.42-7.80 GHz). The results of this study provide useful ideas for wave-absorbing materials by applying high permeability soft magnetic alloy micropowders.