Search

Objective: To explore the differences in ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption across different socioeconomic status (SES) levels. Methods: Data on UPF consumption (grams/day) were derived from the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The analysis controlled for age, marital status, race, and sex. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was applied to examine the nonlinear response curve. Results: UPF consumption increased with higher poverty income ratio (PIR), the ratio of household income to the established poverty line. Compared to the low PIR group, the medium group showed a non-significant increase (β = 34.23[95%CI: −28.81, 97.28], p = 0.287), while the high group exhibited a significant increase (β = 115.15[95%CI: 43.53, 186.76], p = 0.002). A linear positive correlation was observed in RCS analysis (p-nonlinear = 0.166, p-overall < 0.001). Conclusions: The study highlights that higher SES is associated with greater consumption of UPF in the US. The findings suggest that policy interventions should take SES into consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study was to provide an updated analysis of suicide characteristics in China from 2002 to 2021, with the aim of informing the development of evidence‐based suicide prevention strategies. Methods: The Ministry of Health‐Vital Registration System (MOH‐VR) provided the data on suicide mortality, which enabled us to examine the average annual percentage change (AAPC) in suicide rates using a Poisson regression model. Results: Notably, there has been a significant decline in suicide rates observed in both urban and rural areas. In the early years of the study period, higher suicide rates were observed among females compared to males; however, a shift occurred after 2005, with male suicide rates surpassing those of females. Except for 2005, rural areas consistently exhibited higher suicide rates than urban areas. Furthermore, suicide rates exhibited an increasing trend with age, irrespective of gender or region. Conclusion: These findings highlight a decreasing trend in suicide rates in China over the past two decades, although gender and regional disparities persist. Going forward, sustained efforts in suicide prevention, with a specific focus on mental health, are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HIV remains a significant public health concern, with an estimation of 39 million people infected. There is a lack of universally accepted benchmarks for prevalence of mental health problems among people living with HIV. We aimed to compute aggregate estimates of mental health problems among people living with HIV. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Our inclusion criteria encompassed peer-reviewed cross-sectional or longitudinal studies conducted in any country that investigated people living with HIV and provided data allowing us to determine the prevalence of mental health problems. We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the combined prevalence of mental health problems among people living with HIV and consider predefined moderators by subgroup meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis. Our initial search identified 31 407 records. After removing the duplication and excluding ineligible records, 240 studies were included in our meta-analysis. Six commonly reported mental health problems were identified (depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, post-traumatic stress disorder, stigma, and psychological distress). The pooled prevalence was 31% (95% CI 28–34) for depression, 29% (24–34) for anxiety, 20% (17–24) for suicidal ideation, 20% (13–28) for post-traumatic stress disorder, 47% (40–55) for stigma, 44% (31–56) for psychological distress. After considering predefined moderators, the heterogeneity was still observed. A high prevalence of mental health problems was observed among people living with HIV. Effective prevention and treatment programs can alleviate symptoms and promote mental health. This, in turn, can have a positive impact on all aspects of HIV management, leading to improved overall health outcomes for people living with HIV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractWith the advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI), it has had a profound impact on medical education. Understanding the advantages and issues of AI in medical education, providing guidance for educators, and overcoming challenges in the implementation process is particularly important.The objective of this study is to explore the current state of AI applications in medical education.A systematic search was conducted across databases such as PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science to identify relevant studies. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) was employed for the quality assessment of these studies, followed by thematic synthesis to analyze the themes from the included research.Ultimately, 21 studies were identified, establishing four themes: (1) Shaping the Future: Current Trends in AI within Medical Education; (2) Advancing Medical Instruction: The Transformative Power of AI; (3) Navigating the Ethical Landscape of AI in Medical Education; (4) Fostering Synergy: Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Medical Curriculum.Artificial intelligence’s role in medical education, while not yet extensive, is impactful and promising. Despite challenges, including ethical concerns over privacy, responsibility, and humanistic care, future efforts should focus on integrating AI through targeted courses to improve educational quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Aims Design Methods Results Conclusion Implications No Patients or Public Contribution Population aging is a challenge that the whole world is facing, especially in China. This study aims to investigate the current distribution status of nursing homes in China using spatial epidemiology methods.Cross‐sectional study in China.The data were obtained from the Integrated Civil Affairs Government Service Platform ‘China County Statistical Yearbook’ for 2020 and the ‘China City Statistical Yearbook’ for 2020. Using global Moran's index to test the clustering of nursing homes, inter‐group and intra‐group Theil index was utilised to differentiate the sources of differences. The coupling coordination analysis was conducted to explore the coordination. Geographically weighted regression was utilised to investigate the impact of economic development and aging on nursing home resources. All analyses were conducted by Arcgis 10.8 and R Studio 4.3.2.Global Moran's index indicated that the distribution of nursing homes in China exhibited clustering. The Theil index values for institutions and beds at the national county were 0.32450 and 0.30675. However, upon comparing provinces and regions, it was found that the differences across the country mainly stem from within provinces (contribution rate: institutions 65.0%; beds 73.0%) and within regions (contribution rate: institutions 99.0%; beds 91.0%). The majority of districts and counties had a coupling coordination index of institutions and bed numbers, both of which were < 0.5.The development of nursing home resources in China has been rapid, generally presenting a balanced state, but further optimisation is needed. This study established a foundation for the targeted distribution of essential public services, focusing on nursing home healthcare resources tailored to the needs of older persons.The study underscored the urgent need for targeted elderly care policies, emphasising the optimisation of resource distribution to enhance the overall quality of care provided to the aging population.The study did not involve humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With the improvement of medical treatment, the survival rate of cancer patients continues to rise; however, their psychological issues require further management. Currently, there is uncertainty regarding the prevalence of mental health problems among cancer survivors., Objective: To quantitatively summarize the global prevalence of mental health problems in cancer survivors., Methods: We searched CINAHL, PsychlNFO, Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed for studies reporting the prevalence of various mental health problems in cancer survivors who have survived at least 3 months. Subsequently, stratified analyses were conducted based on study design, region, cancer system, and time since diagnosis. Moreover, meta-regression was utilized to investigate sources of heterogeneity. We used Rstudio software 4.3.0, Stata 17.0 software and metaprop package., Results: A total of 147 studies involving 135,015 cancer survivors from over 30 countries were identified, primarily focusing on six mental health problems. Among 78 studies addressing anxiety, the prevalence was 24.4% (95% CI: 20.2%-28.8%). Among the 96 studies on depression, the prevalence was 23.7% (95% CI: 20.1%-27.4%). In the case of sleep disorders, 42 studies reported a prevalence of 34.1% (95% CI: 27.9%-40.6%). The overall prevalence decreased over time since diagnosis. Most of the analyzed data exhibited significant heterogeneity (I 2  > 75%)., Conclusion: The analysis indicated that cancer survivors experience a diverse range of mental health problems, which were prevalent among them. The results emphasized the importance of recognizing and treating mental health problems in cancer survivors and served as a reminder for healthcare workers to address mental health problems in this population. The registration number was CRD42023466209., (© 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)