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Introduction: The aim of the study was two evaluate the effectiveness of a Peyton teaching approach for rotary root canal instrumentation, in comparison to the traditional "see one–do one" method. Material and Methods: Forty undergraduate students were randomly divided into two groups (n = 20). Students of the first group (G1) were taught how to use rotary instrumentation using a modified Peyton method, whilst the second group (G2) watched a teaching video (30 min) on the same subject. Both groups instrumented a plastic block and subsequently both mesial canals of an extracted lower molar. The quality of the root canal instrumentation was analysed by 2 blinded observers on video recordings and x‐rays. Results: Interobserver correlation was 0.917 (p <.0005; Pearson) for the assessment of the video recordings; students of G1 received significantly more total points (83.55 ± 6.82 points) compared to G2 (69.76 ± 13.82) (p =.001; t‐test), the gender had no significant effect on the overall results (p =.444; two‐way ANOVA). Significant differences were detected for the categories "initial scouting," "coronal enlargement," "glide path preparation," "preparation using X2 file," "preparation using X3 file" (p <.05; t‐test) as well as for the subcategories "sequence of rinse, recapitulation, rinse" (p =.001; t‐test) and "recapitulation" (p <.002; t‐test). No differences between groups were observed for the radiographic evaluation with respect to working length and canal straightening. Conclusion: Teaching rotary instrumentation by using the Peyton approach resulted in improved performance of undergraduate students assessed with a checklist‐based process analysis. Enhanced implementation of rotary instrumentation could result in better long‐term results of students' root canal treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Selective root canal retreatment is when the treatment is limited to root(s) with radiographic evidence of periapical pathosis. The goals of this retrospective study were as follows: (i) evaluate the clinical and radiographic (periapical radiographs [PR] or cone‐beam computerized tomographs [CBCT]) outcome of selective root canal retreatment after ≥12 months follow‐up; (ii) evaluate the periapical status of the unretreated roots; and (iii) assess tooth survival. Methodology: A retrospective study (January 2018 to April 2021) was conducted to identify permanent multirooted teeth that underwent selective root canal retreatment. Clinical records, PR and CBCT were examined to ascertain variables of interest. Outcomes (per root and per tooth) were classified into 'favourable' or 'unfavourable' using well‐established clinical and radiographic healing criteria. Treatment outcomes for the whole tooth and per root were compared as well as bivariate associations between the treatment outcome of the retreated roots and the treatment‐related parameters (quality of root filling, sealer extrusion, iatrogenic mishaps and type of restoration) were analysed using Fisher's exact test (α =.05). Survival was recorded in months. Results: A total of 75 teeth (195 roots) in 75 subjects were available for outcome analysis. The favourable outcome per tooth was 86.7%. At follow‐up, 92.6% of the retreated roots had a favourable outcome. From the unretreated roots, 3.5% showed radiographic signs of an emerging periapical lesion. No statistical difference was shown between the outcomes per root and per tooth between both groups. None of the treatment‐related parameters had a direct influence on the outcome of the retreated roots. The survival rate at 12–48 months after retreatment was 91.5%. Conclusions: Selective root canal retreatment is associated with a favourable outcome in a majority of cases. Unretreated roots rarely developed radiographic signs of a new periapical lesion at follow‐up. Future high‐quality clinical trials with larger sample sizes and longer follow‐up periods are required to confirm these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]