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10. In-hospital and 6-month outcomes in patients with COVID-19 supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (EuroECMO-COVID): a multicentre, prospective observational study

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Lorusso, R, De Piero, M, Mariani, S, Di Mauro, M, Folliguet, T, Taccone, F, Camporota, L, Swol, J, Wiedemann, D, Belliato, M, Broman, L, Vuylsteke, A, Kassif, Y, Scandroglio, A, Fanelli, V, Gaudard, P, Ledot, S, Barker, J, Boeken, U, Maier, S, Kersten, A, Meyns, B, Pozzi, M, Pedersen, F, Schellongowski, P, Kirali, K, Barrett, N, Riera, J, Mueller, T, Belohlavek, J, Lo Coco, V, Van der Horst, I, Van Bussel, B, Schnabel, R, Delnoij, T, Bolotin, G, Lorini, L, Schmiady, M, Schibilsky, D, Kowalewski, M, Pinto, L, Silva, P, Kornilov, I, Blandino Ortiz, A, Vercaemst, L, Finney, S, Roeleveld, P, Di Nardo, M, Hennig, F, Antonini, M, Davidson, M, Jones, T, Staudinger, T, Mair, P, Kilo, J, Krapf, C, Erbert, K, Peer, A, Bonaros, N, Kotheletner, F, Krenner Mag, N, Shestakova, L, Hermans, G, Dauwe, D, Meersseman, P, Stockman, B, Nobile, L, Lhereux, O, Nrasseurs, A, Creuter, J, De Backer, D, Giglioli, S, Michiels, G, Foulon, P, Raes, M, Rodrigus, I, Allegaert, M, Jorens, P, Debeucklare, G, Piagnerelli, M, Biston, P, Peperstraete, H, Vandewiele, K, Germay, O, Vandeweghe, D, Havrin, S, Bourgeois, M, Lagny, M, Alois, G, Lavios, N, Misset, B, Courcelle, R, Timmermans, P, Yilmaz, A, Vantomout, M, Lehaen, J, Jassen, A, Guterman, H, Strauven, M, Lormans, P, Verhamme, B, Vandewaeter, C, Bonte, F, Vionne, D, Balik, M, Blaha, J, Lips, M, Othal, M, Bursa, F, Spacek, R, Christensen, S, Jorgensen, V, Sorensen, M, Madsen, S, Puss, S, Beljantsev, A, Saiydoun, G, Fiore, A, Colson, P, Bazalgette, F, Capdevila, X, Kollen, S, Muller, L, Obadia, J, Dubien, P, Ajrhourh, L, Guinot, P, Zarka, J, Besserve, P, Malfertheiner, M, Dreier, E, Heinze, B, Akhyari, P, Lichtenberg, A, Aubin, H, Assman, A, Saeed, D, Thiele, H, Baumgaertel, M, Schmitto, J, Ruslan, N, Haverich, A, Thielmann, M, Brenner, T, Ruhpawar, A, Benk, C, Czerny, M, Staudacher, D, Beyersdorf, F, Kalbhenn, J, Henn, P, Popov, A, Iuliu, T, Muellenbach, R, Reyher, C, Rolfes, C, Lotz, G, Sonntagbauer, M, Winkels, H, Fichte, J, Stohr, R, Kalverkamp, S, Karagiannidis, C, Schafer, S, Svetlitchny, A, Hopf, H, Jarczak, D, Groesdonk, H, Rommer, M, Hirsch, J, Kaehny, C, Soufleris, D, Gavriilidis, G, Pontikis, K, Kyriakopoulou, M, Kyriakoudi, A, O'Brien, S, Conrick-Martin, I, Carton, E, Makhoul, M, Ben-Ari, J, Hadash, A, Kogan, A, Kassif Lerner, R, Abu-Shakra, A, Matan, M, Balawona, A, Kachel, E, Altshuler, R, Galante, O, Fuchs, L, Almog, Y, Ishay, Y, Lichter, Y, Gal-oz, A, Carmi, U, Nini, A, Soroksky, A, Dekel, H, Rozman, Z, Tayem, E, Ilgiyaev, E, Hochman, Y, Miltau, D, Rapoport, A, Eden, A, Kompanietz, D, Yousif, M, Golos, M, Grazioli, L, Ghitti, D, Loforte, A, Di Luca, D, Baiocchi, M, Pacini, D, Cappai, A, Meani, P, Mondino, M, Russo, C, Ranucci, M, Fina, D, Cotza, M, Ballotta, A, Landoni, G, Nardelli, P, Fominski, E, Brazzi, L, Montrucchio, G, Sales, G, Simonetti, U, Livigni, S, Silengo, D, Arena, G, Sovatzis, S, Degani, A, Riccardi, M, Milanesi, E, Raffa, G, Martucci, G, Arcadipane, A, Panarello, G, Chiarini, G, Cattaneo, S, Puglia, C, Benussi, S, Foti, G, Giani, M, Bombino, M, Costa, M, Rona, R, Avalli, L, Donati, A, Carozza, R, Gasparri, F, Carsetti, A, Piciche, M, Marinello, A, Danzi, V, Zanin, A, Condello, I, Fiore, F, Moscarelli, M, Nasso, G, Speziale, G, Sandrelli, L, Montalto, A, Musumeci, F, Circelli, A, Russo, E, Agnoletti, V, Rociola, R, Milano, A, Pilato, E, Comentale, G, Montisci, A, Alessandri, F, Tosi, A, Pugliese, F, Giordano, G, Carelli, S, Grieco, D, Dell'Anna, A, Antonelli, M, Ramoni, E, Zulueta, J, Del Giglio, M, Petracca, S, Bertini, P, Guarracino, F, De Simone, L, Angeletti, P, Forfori, F, Taraschi, F, Quintiliani, V, Samalavicius, R, Jankuviene, A, Scupakova, N, Urbonas, K, Kapturauskas, J, Soerensen, G, Suwalski, P, Linhares Santos, L, Marques, A, Miranda, M, Teixeira, S, Salgueiro, A, Pereira, F, Ketskalo, M, Tsarenko, S, Shilova, A, Afukov, I, Popugaev, K, Minin, S, Shelukhin, D, Malceva, O, Gleb, M, Skopets, A, Kornelyuk, R, Kulikov, A, Okhrimchuk, V, Turchaninov, A, Petrushin, M, Sheck, A, Mekulov, A, Ciryateva, S, Urusov, D, Gorjup, V, Golicnik, A, Goslar, T, Ferrer, R, Martinez-Martinez, M, Argudo, E, Palmer, N, De Pablo Sanchez, R, Juan Higuera, L, Arnau Blasco, L, Marquez, J, Sbraga, F, Fuset, M, De Gopegui, P, Claraco, L, De Ayala, J, Peiro, M, Ricart, P, Martinez, S, Chavez, F, Fabra, M, Sandoval, E, Toapanta, D, Carraminana, A, Tellez, A, Ososio, J, Milan, P, Rodriguez, J, Andoni, G, Gutierrez, C, Perez de la Sota, E, Eixeres-Esteve, A, Garcia-Maellas, M, Gutierrez-Gutierrez, J, Arboleda-Salazar, R, Santa Teresa, P, Jaspe, A, Garrido, A, Castaneda, G, Alcantara, S, Martinez, N, Perez, M, Villanueva, H, Vidal Gonzalez, A, Paez, J, Santon, A, Perez, C, Lopez, M, Rubio Lopez, M, Gordillo, A, Naranjo-Izurieta, J, Munoz, J, Alcalde, I, Onieva, F, Gimeno Costa, R, Perez, F, Madrid, I, Gordon, M, Albacete Moreno, C, Perez, D, Lopez, N, Martinenz, D, Blanco-Schweizer, P, Diez, C, Prieto, A, Renedo, G, Bustamante, E, Cicuendez, R, Citores, R, Boado, V, Garcia, K, Voces, R, Domezain, M, Nunez Martinez, J, Vicente, R, Martin, D, Andreu, A, Gomez Casal, V, Chico, I, Menor, E, Vara, S, Gamacho, J, Perez-Chomon, H, Javier Gonzales, F, Barrero, I, Martin-Villen, L, Fernandez, E, Mendoza, M, Navarro, J, Colomina Climent, J, Gonzales-Perez, A, Muniz-Albaceita, G, Amado, L, Rodriguez, R, Ruiz, E, Eiras, M, Grins, E, Magnus, R, Kanetoft, M, Eidevald, M, Watson, P, Vogt, P, Steiger, P, Aigner, T, Weber, A, Grunefelder, J, Kunz, M, Grapow, M, Aymard, T, Reser, D, Agus, G, Consiglio, J, Haenggi, M, Hansjoerg, J, Iten, M, Doeble, T, Zenklusen, U, Bechtold, X, Faedda, G, Iafrate, M, Rohjer, A, Bergamaschi, L, Maessen, J, Reis Miranda, D, Endeman, H, Gommers, D, Meuwese, C, Maas, J, Van Gijlswijk, M, Van Berg, R, Candura, D, Van der Linden, M, Kant, M, Van der Heijden, J, Scholten, E, Van Belle-van Haren, N, Lagrand, W, Vlaar, A, De Jong, S, Cander, B, Sargin, M, Ugur, M, Kaygin, M, Daly, K, Agnew, N, Head, L, Kelly, L, Anoma, G, Russell, C, Aquino, V, Scott, I, Flemming, L, Gillon, S, Moore, O, Gelandt, E, Auzinger, G, Patel, S, Loveridge, R, Lorusso R., De Piero M. E., Mariani S., Di Mauro M., Folliguet T., Taccone F. S., Camporota L., Swol J., Wiedemann D., Belliato M., Broman L. M., Vuylsteke A., Kassif Y., Scandroglio A. M., Fanelli V., Gaudard P., Ledot S., Barker J., Boeken U., Maier S., Kersten A., Meyns B., Pozzi M., Pedersen F. M., Schellongowski P., Kirali K., Barrett N., Riera J., Mueller T., Belohlavek J., Lo Coco V., Van der Horst I. C. C., Van Bussel B. C. T., Schnabel R. M., Delnoij T., Bolotin G., Lorini L., Schmiady M. O., Schibilsky D., Kowalewski M., Pinto L. F., Silva P. E., Kornilov I., Blandino Ortiz A., Vercaemst L., Finney S., Roeleveld P. P., Di Nardo M., Hennig F., Antonini M. V., Davidson M., Jones T. J., Staudinger T., Mair P., Kilo J., Krapf C., Erbert K., Peer A., Bonaros N., Kotheletner F., Krenner Mag N., Shestakova L., Hermans G., Dauwe D., Meersseman P., Stockman B., Nobile L., Lhereux O., Nrasseurs A., Creuter J., De Backer D., Giglioli S., Michiels G., Foulon P., Raes M., Rodrigus I., Allegaert M., Jorens P., Debeucklare G., Piagnerelli M., Biston P., Peperstraete H., Vandewiele K., Germay O., Vandeweghe D., Havrin S., Bourgeois M., Lagny M. -G., Alois G., Lavios N., Misset B., Courcelle R., Timmermans P. J., Yilmaz A., Vantomout M., Lehaen J., Jassen A., Guterman H., Strauven M., Lormans P., Verhamme B., Vandewaeter C., Bonte F., Vionne D., Balik M., Blaha J., Lips M., Othal M., Bursa F., Spacek R., Christensen S., Jorgensen V., Sorensen M., Madsen S. A., Puss S., Beljantsev A., Saiydoun G., Fiore A., Colson P., Bazalgette F., Capdevila X., Kollen S., Muller L., Obadia J. -F., Dubien P. -Y., Ajrhourh L., Guinot P. G., Zarka J., Besserve P., Malfertheiner M. V., Dreier E., Heinze B., Akhyari P., Lichtenberg A., Aubin H., Assman A., Saeed D., Thiele H., Baumgaertel M., Schmitto J. D., Ruslan N., Haverich A., Thielmann M., Brenner T., Ruhpawar A., Benk C., Czerny M., Staudacher D. L., Beyersdorf F., Kalbhenn J., Henn P., Popov A. -F., Iuliu T., Muellenbach R., Reyher C., Rolfes C., Lotz G., Sonntagbauer M., Winkels H., Fichte J., Stohr R., Kalverkamp S., Karagiannidis C., Schafer S., Svetlitchny A., Hopf H. -B., Jarczak D., Groesdonk H., Rommer M., Hirsch J., Kaehny C., Soufleris D., Gavriilidis G., Pontikis K., Kyriakopoulou M., Kyriakoudi A., O'Brien S., Conrick-Martin I., Carton E., Makhoul M., Ben-Ari J., Hadash A., Kogan A., Kassif Lerner R., Abu-Shakra A., Matan M., Balawona A., Kachel E., Altshuler R., Galante O., Fuchs L., Almog Y., Ishay Y. S., Lichter Y., Gal-oz A., Carmi U., Nini A., Soroksky A., Dekel H., Rozman Z., Tayem E., Ilgiyaev E., Hochman Y., Miltau D., Rapoport A., Eden A., Kompanietz D., Yousif M., Golos M., Grazioli L., Ghitti D., Loforte A., Di Luca D., Baiocchi M., Pacini D., Cappai A., Meani P., Mondino M., Russo C. F., Ranucci M., Fina D., Cotza M., Ballotta A., Landoni G., Nardelli P., Fominski E. V., Brazzi L., Montrucchio G., Sales G., Simonetti U., Livigni S., Silengo D., Arena G., Sovatzis S. S., Degani A., Riccardi M., Milanesi E., Raffa G., Martucci G., Arcadipane A., Panarello G., Chiarini G., Cattaneo S., Puglia C., Benussi S., Foti G., Giani M., Bombino M., Costa M. C., Rona R., Avalli L., Donati A., Carozza R., Gasparri F., Carsetti A., Piciche M., Marinello A., Danzi V., Zanin A., Condello I., Fiore F., Moscarelli M., Nasso G., Speziale G., Sandrelli L., Montalto A., Musumeci F., Circelli A., Russo E., Agnoletti V., Rociola R., Milano A. D., Pilato E., Comentale G., Montisci A., Alessandri F., Tosi A., Pugliese F., Giordano G., Carelli S., Grieco D. L., Dell'Anna A. M., Antonelli M., Ramoni E., Zulueta J., Del Giglio M., Petracca S., Bertini P., Guarracino F., De Simone L., Angeletti P. M., Forfori F., Taraschi F., Quintiliani V. N., Samalavicius R., Jankuviene A., Scupakova N., Urbonas K., Kapturauskas J., Soerensen G., Suwalski P., Linhares Santos L., Marques A., Miranda M., Teixeira S., Salgueiro A., Pereira F., Ketskalo M., Tsarenko S., Shilova A., Afukov I., Popugaev K., Minin S., Shelukhin D., Malceva O., Gleb M., Skopets A., Kornelyuk R., Kulikov A., Okhrimchuk V., Turchaninov A., Petrushin M., Sheck A., Mekulov A., Ciryateva S., Urusov D., Gorjup V., Golicnik A., Goslar T., Ferrer R., Martinez-Martinez M., Argudo E., Palmer N., De Pablo Sanchez R., Juan Higuera L., Arnau Blasco L., Marquez J. A., Sbraga F., Fuset M. P., De Gopegui P. R., Claraco L. M., De Ayala J. A., Peiro M., Ricart P., Martinez S., Chavez F., Fabra M., Sandoval E., Toapanta D., Carraminana A., Tellez A., Ososio J., Milan P., Rodriguez J., Andoni G., Gutierrez C., Perez de la Sota E., Eixeres-Esteve A., Garcia-Maellas M. T., Gutierrez-Gutierrez J., Arboleda-Salazar R., Santa Teresa P., Jaspe A., Garrido A., Castaneda G., Alcantara S., Martinez N., Perez M., Villanueva H., Vidal Gonzalez A., Paez J., Santon A., Perez C., Lopez M., Rubio Lopez M. I., Gordillo A., Naranjo-Izurieta J., Munoz J., Alcalde I., Onieva F., Gimeno Costa R., Perez F., Madrid I., Gordon M., Albacete Moreno C. L., Perez D., Lopez N., Martinenz D., Blanco-Schweizer P., Diez C., Prieto A., Renedo G., Bustamante E., Cicuendez R., Citores R., Boado V., Garcia K., Voces R., Domezain M., Nunez Martinez J. M., Vicente R., Martin D., Andreu A., Gomez Casal V., Chico I., Menor E. M., Vara S., Gamacho J., Perez-Chomon H., Javier Gonzales F., Barrero I., Martin-Villen L., Fernandez E., Mendoza M., Navarro J., Colomina Climent J., Gonzales-Perez A., Muniz-Albaceita G., Amado L., Rodriguez R., Ruiz E., Eiras M., Grins E., Magnus R., Kanetoft M., Eidevald M., Watson P., Vogt P. R., Steiger P., Aigner T., Weber A., Grunefelder J., Kunz M., Grapow M., Aymard T., Reser D., Agus G., Consiglio J., Haenggi M., Hansjoerg J., Iten M., Doeble T., Zenklusen U., Bechtold X., Faedda G., Iafrate M., Rohjer A., Bergamaschi L., Maessen J., Reis Miranda D., Endeman H., Gommers D., Meuwese C., Maas J., Van Gijlswijk M. J., Van Berg R. N., Candura D., Van der Linden M., Kant M., Van der Heijden J. J., Scholten E., Van Belle-van Haren N., Lagrand W. K., Vlaar A. P., De Jong S., Cander B., Sargin M., Ugur M., Kaygin M. A., Daly K., Agnew N., Head L., Kelly L., Anoma G., Russell C., Aquino V., Scott I., Flemming L., Gillon S., Moore O., Gelandt E., Auzinger G., Patel S., Loveridge R., Lorusso, R, De Piero, M, Mariani, S, Di Mauro, M, Folliguet, T, Taccone, F, Camporota, L, Swol, J, Wiedemann, D, Belliato, M, Broman, L, Vuylsteke, A, Kassif, Y, Scandroglio, A, Fanelli, V, Gaudard, P, Ledot, S, Barker, J, Boeken, U, Maier, S, Kersten, A, Meyns, B, Pozzi, M, Pedersen, F, Schellongowski, P, Kirali, K, Barrett, N, Riera, J, Mueller, T, Belohlavek, J, Lo Coco, V, Van der Horst, I, Van Bussel, B, Schnabel, R, Delnoij, T, Bolotin, G, Lorini, L, Schmiady, M, Schibilsky, D, Kowalewski, M, Pinto, L, Silva, P, Kornilov, I, Blandino Ortiz, A, Vercaemst, L, Finney, S, Roeleveld, P, Di Nardo, M, Hennig, F, Antonini, M, Davidson, M, Jones, T, Staudinger, T, Mair, P, Kilo, J, Krapf, C, Erbert, K, Peer, A, Bonaros, N, Kotheletner, F, Krenner Mag, N, Shestakova, L, Hermans, G, Dauwe, D, Meersseman, P, Stockman, B, Nobile, L, Lhereux, O, Nrasseurs, A, Creuter, J, De Backer, D, Giglioli, S, Michiels, G, Foulon, P, Raes, M, Rodrigus, I, Allegaert, M, Jorens, P, Debeucklare, G, Piagnerelli, M, Biston, P, Peperstraete, H, Vandewiele, K, Germay, O, Vandeweghe, D, Havrin, S, Bourgeois, M, Lagny, M, Alois, G, Lavios, N, Misset, B, Courcelle, R, Timmermans, P, Yilmaz, A, Vantomout, M, Lehaen, J, Jassen, A, Guterman, H, Strauven, M, Lormans, P, Verhamme, B, Vandewaeter, C, Bonte, F, Vionne, D, Balik, M, Blaha, J, Lips, M, Othal, M, Bursa, F, Spacek, R, Christensen, S, Jorgensen, V, Sorensen, M, Madsen, S, Puss, S, Beljantsev, A, Saiydoun, G, Fiore, A, Colson, P, Bazalgette, F, Capdevila, X, Kollen, S, Muller, L, Obadia, J, Dubien, P, Ajrhourh, L, Guinot, P, Zarka, J, Besserve, P, Malfertheiner, M, Dreier, E, Heinze, B, Akhyari, P, Lichtenberg, A, Aubin, H, Assman, A, Saeed, D, Thiele, H, Baumgaertel, M, Schmitto, J, Ruslan, N, Haverich, A, Thielmann, M, Brenner, T, Ruhpawar, A, Benk, C, Czerny, M, Staudacher, D, Beyersdorf, F, Kalbhenn, J, Henn, P, Popov, A, Iuliu, T, Muellenbach, R, Reyher, C, Rolfes, C, Lotz, G, Sonntagbauer, M, Winkels, H, Fichte, J, Stohr, R, Kalverkamp, S, Karagiannidis, C, Schafer, S, Svetlitchny, A, Hopf, H, Jarczak, D, Groesdonk, H, Rommer, M, Hirsch, J, Kaehny, C, Soufleris, D, Gavriilidis, G, Pontikis, K, Kyriakopoulou, M, Kyriakoudi, A, O'Brien, S, Conrick-Martin, I, Carton, E, Makhoul, M, Ben-Ari, J, Hadash, A, Kogan, A, Kassif Lerner, R, Abu-Shakra, A, Matan, M, Balawona, A, Kachel, E, Altshuler, R, Galante, O, Fuchs, L, Almog, Y, Ishay, Y, Lichter, Y, Gal-oz, A, Carmi, U, Nini, A, Soroksky, A, Dekel, H, Rozman, Z, Tayem, E, Ilgiyaev, E, Hochman, Y, Miltau, D, Rapoport, A, Eden, A, Kompanietz, D, Yousif, M, Golos, M, Grazioli, L, Ghitti, D, Loforte, A, Di Luca, D, Baiocchi, M, Pacini, D, Cappai, A, Meani, P, Mondino, M, Russo, C, Ranucci, M, Fina, D, Cotza, M, Ballotta, A, Landoni, G, Nardelli, P, Fominski, E, Brazzi, L, Montrucchio, G, Sales, G, Simonetti, U, Livigni, S, Silengo, D, Arena, G, Sovatzis, S, Degani, A, Riccardi, M, Milanesi, E, Raffa, G, Martucci, G, Arcadipane, A, Panarello, G, Chiarini, G, Cattaneo, S, Puglia, C, Benussi, S, Foti, G, Giani, M, Bombino, M, Costa, M, Rona, R, Avalli, L, Donati, A, Carozza, R, Gasparri, F, Carsetti, A, Piciche, M, Marinello, A, Danzi, V, Zanin, A, Condello, I, Fiore, F, Moscarelli, M, Nasso, G, Speziale, G, Sandrelli, L, Montalto, A, Musumeci, F, Circelli, A, Russo, E, Agnoletti, V, Rociola, R, Milano, A, Pilato, E, Comentale, G, Montisci, A, Alessandri, F, Tosi, A, Pugliese, F, Giordano, G, Carelli, S, Grieco, D, Dell'Anna, A, Antonelli, M, Ramoni, E, Zulueta, J, Del Giglio, M, Petracca, S, Bertini, P, Guarracino, F, De Simone, L, Angeletti, P, Forfori, F, Taraschi, F, Quintiliani, V, Samalavicius, R, Jankuviene, A, Scupakova, N, Urbonas, K, Kapturauskas, J, Soerensen, G, Suwalski, P, Linhares Santos, L, Marques, A, Miranda, M, Teixeira, S, Salgueiro, A, Pereira, F, Ketskalo, M, Tsarenko, S, Shilova, A, Afukov, I, Popugaev, K, Minin, S, Shelukhin, D, Malceva, O, Gleb, M, Skopets, A, Kornelyuk, R, Kulikov, A, Okhrimchuk, V, Turchaninov, A, Petrushin, M, Sheck, A, Mekulov, A, Ciryateva, S, Urusov, D, Gorjup, V, Golicnik, A, Goslar, T, Ferrer, R, Martinez-Martinez, M, Argudo, E, Palmer, N, De Pablo Sanchez, R, Juan Higuera, L, Arnau Blasco, L, Marquez, J, Sbraga, F, Fuset, M, De Gopegui, P, Claraco, L, De Ayala, J, Peiro, M, Ricart, P, Martinez, S, Chavez, F, Fabra, M, Sandoval, E, Toapanta, D, Carraminana, A, Tellez, A, Ososio, J, Milan, P, Rodriguez, J, Andoni, G, Gutierrez, C, Perez de la Sota, E, Eixeres-Esteve, A, Garcia-Maellas, M, Gutierrez-Gutierrez, J, Arboleda-Salazar, R, Santa Teresa, P, Jaspe, A, Garrido, A, Castaneda, G, Alcantara, S, Martinez, N, Perez, M, Villanueva, H, Vidal Gonzalez, A, Paez, J, Santon, A, Perez, C, Lopez, M, Rubio Lopez, M, Gordillo, A, Naranjo-Izurieta, J, Munoz, J, Alcalde, I, Onieva, F, Gimeno Costa, R, Perez, F, Madrid, I, Gordon, M, Albacete Moreno, C, Perez, D, Lopez, N, Martinenz, D, Blanco-Schweizer, P, Diez, C, Prieto, A, Renedo, G, Bustamante, E, Cicuendez, R, Citores, R, Boado, V, Garcia, K, Voces, R, Domezain, M, Nunez Martinez, J, Vicente, R, Martin, D, Andreu, A, Gomez Casal, V, Chico, I, Menor, E, Vara, S, Gamacho, J, Perez-Chomon, H, Javier Gonzales, F, Barrero, I, Martin-Villen, L, Fernandez, E, Mendoza, M, Navarro, J, Colomina Climent, J, Gonzales-Perez, A, Muniz-Albaceita, G, Amado, L, Rodriguez, R, Ruiz, E, Eiras, M, Grins, E, Magnus, R, Kanetoft, M, Eidevald, M, Watson, P, Vogt, P, Steiger, P, Aigner, T, Weber, A, Grunefelder, J, Kunz, M, Grapow, M, Aymard, T, Reser, D, Agus, G, Consiglio, J, Haenggi, M, Hansjoerg, J, Iten, M, Doeble, T, Zenklusen, U, Bechtold, X, Faedda, G, Iafrate, M, Rohjer, A, Bergamaschi, L, Maessen, J, Reis Miranda, D, Endeman, H, Gommers, D, Meuwese, C, Maas, J, Van Gijlswijk, M, Van Berg, R, Candura, D, Van der Linden, M, Kant, M, Van der Heijden, J, Scholten, E, Van Belle-van Haren, N, Lagrand, W, Vlaar, A, De Jong, S, Cander, B, Sargin, M, Ugur, M, Kaygin, M, Daly, K, Agnew, N, Head, L, Kelly, L, Anoma, G, Russell, C, Aquino, V, Scott, I, Flemming, L, Gillon, S, Moore, O, Gelandt, E, Auzinger, G, Patel, S, Loveridge, R, Lorusso R., De Piero M. E., Mariani S., Di Mauro M., Folliguet T., Taccone F. S., Camporota L., Swol J., Wiedemann D., Belliato M., Broman L. M., Vuylsteke A., Kassif Y., Scandroglio A. M., Fanelli V., Gaudard P., Ledot S., Barker J., Boeken U., Maier S., Kersten A., Meyns B., Pozzi M., Pedersen F. M., Schellongowski P., Kirali K., Barrett N., Riera J., Mueller T., Belohlavek J., Lo Coco V., Van der Horst I. C. C., Van Bussel B. C. T., Schnabel R. M., Delnoij T., Bolotin G., Lorini L., Schmiady M. O., Schibilsky D., Kowalewski M., Pinto L. F., Silva P. E., Kornilov I., Blandino Ortiz A., Vercaemst L., Finney S., Roeleveld P. P., Di Nardo M., Hennig F., Antonini M. V., Davidson M., Jones T. J., Staudinger T., Mair P., Kilo J., Krapf C., Erbert K., Peer A., Bonaros N., Kotheletner F., Krenner Mag N., Shestakova L., Hermans G., Dauwe D., Meersseman P., Stockman B., Nobile L., Lhereux O., Nrasseurs A., Creuter J., De Backer D., Giglioli S., Michiels G., Foulon P., Raes M., Rodrigus I., Allegaert M., Jorens P., Debeucklare G., Piagnerelli M., Biston P., Peperstraete H., Vandewiele K., Germay O., Vandeweghe D., Havrin S., Bourgeois M., Lagny M. -G., Alois G., Lavios N., Misset B., Courcelle R., Timmermans P. J., Yilmaz A., Vantomout M., Lehaen J., Jassen A., Guterman H., Strauven M., Lormans P., Verhamme B., Vandewaeter C., Bonte F., Vionne D., Balik M., Blaha J., Lips M., Othal M., Bursa F., Spacek R., Christensen S., Jorgensen V., Sorensen M., Madsen S. A., Puss S., Beljantsev A., Saiydoun G., Fiore A., Colson P., Bazalgette F., Capdevila X., Kollen S., Muller L., Obadia J. -F., Dubien P. -Y., Ajrhourh L., Guinot P. G., Zarka J., Besserve P., Malfertheiner M. V., Dreier E., Heinze B., Akhyari P., Lichtenberg A., Aubin H., Assman A., Saeed D., Thiele H., Baumgaertel M., Schmitto J. D., Ruslan N., Haverich A., Thielmann M., Brenner T., Ruhpawar A., Benk C., Czerny M., Staudacher D. L., Beyersdorf F., Kalbhenn J., Henn P., Popov A. -F., Iuliu T., Muellenbach R., Reyher C., Rolfes C., Lotz G., Sonntagbauer M., Winkels H., Fichte J., Stohr R., Kalverkamp S., Karagiannidis C., Schafer S., Svetlitchny A., Hopf H. -B., Jarczak D., Groesdonk H., Rommer M., Hirsch J., Kaehny C., Soufleris D., Gavriilidis G., Pontikis K., Kyriakopoulou M., Kyriakoudi A., O'Brien S., Conrick-Martin I., Carton E., Makhoul M., Ben-Ari J., Hadash A., Kogan A., Kassif Lerner R., Abu-Shakra A., Matan M., Balawona A., Kachel E., Altshuler R., Galante O., Fuchs L., Almog Y., Ishay Y. S., Lichter Y., Gal-oz A., Carmi U., Nini A., Soroksky A., Dekel H., Rozman Z., Tayem E., Ilgiyaev E., Hochman Y., Miltau D., Rapoport A., Eden A., Kompanietz D., Yousif M., Golos M., Grazioli L., Ghitti D., Loforte A., Di Luca D., Baiocchi M., Pacini D., Cappai A., Meani P., Mondino M., Russo C. F., Ranucci M., Fina D., Cotza M., Ballotta A., Landoni G., Nardelli P., Fominski E. V., Brazzi L., Montrucchio G., Sales G., Simonetti U., Livigni S., Silengo D., Arena G., Sovatzis S. S., Degani A., Riccardi M., Milanesi E., Raffa G., Martucci G., Arcadipane A., Panarello G., Chiarini G., Cattaneo S., Puglia C., Benussi S., Foti G., Giani M., Bombino M., Costa M. C., Rona R., Avalli L., Donati A., Carozza R., Gasparri F., Carsetti A., Piciche M., Marinello A., Danzi V., Zanin A., Condello I., Fiore F., Moscarelli M., Nasso G., Speziale G., Sandrelli L., Montalto A., Musumeci F., Circelli A., Russo E., Agnoletti V., Rociola R., Milano A. D., Pilato E., Comentale G., Montisci A., Alessandri F., Tosi A., Pugliese F., Giordano G., Carelli S., Grieco D. L., Dell'Anna A. M., Antonelli M., Ramoni E., Zulueta J., Del Giglio M., Petracca S., Bertini P., Guarracino F., De Simone L., Angeletti P. M., Forfori F., Taraschi F., Quintiliani V. N., Samalavicius R., Jankuviene A., Scupakova N., Urbonas K., Kapturauskas J., Soerensen G., Suwalski P., Linhares Santos L., Marques A., Miranda M., Teixeira S., Salgueiro A., Pereira F., Ketskalo M., Tsarenko S., Shilova A., Afukov I., Popugaev K., Minin S., Shelukhin D., Malceva O., Gleb M., Skopets A., Kornelyuk R., Kulikov A., Okhrimchuk V., Turchaninov A., Petrushin M., Sheck A., Mekulov A., Ciryateva S., Urusov D., Gorjup V., Golicnik A., Goslar T., Ferrer R., Martinez-Martinez M., Argudo E., Palmer N., De Pablo Sanchez R., Juan Higuera L., Arnau Blasco L., Marquez J. A., Sbraga F., Fuset M. P., De Gopegui P. R., Claraco L. M., De Ayala J. A., Peiro M., Ricart P., Martinez S., Chavez F., Fabra M., Sandoval E., Toapanta D., Carraminana A., Tellez A., Ososio J., Milan P., Rodriguez J., Andoni G., Gutierrez C., Perez de la Sota E., Eixeres-Esteve A., Garcia-Maellas M. T., Gutierrez-Gutierrez J., Arboleda-Salazar R., Santa Teresa P., Jaspe A., Garrido A., Castaneda G., Alcantara S., Martinez N., Perez M., Villanueva H., Vidal Gonzalez A., Paez J., Santon A., Perez C., Lopez M., Rubio Lopez M. I., Gordillo A., Naranjo-Izurieta J., Munoz J., Alcalde I., Onieva F., Gimeno Costa R., Perez F., Madrid I., Gordon M., Albacete Moreno C. L., Perez D., Lopez N., Martinenz D., Blanco-Schweizer P., Diez C., Prieto A., Renedo G., Bustamante E., Cicuendez R., Citores R., Boado V., Garcia K., Voces R., Domezain M., Nunez Martinez J. M., Vicente R., Martin D., Andreu A., Gomez Casal V., Chico I., Menor E. M., Vara S., Gamacho J., Perez-Chomon H., Javier Gonzales F., Barrero I., Martin-Villen L., Fernandez E., Mendoza M., Navarro J., Colomina Climent J., Gonzales-Perez A., Muniz-Albaceita G., Amado L., Rodriguez R., Ruiz E., Eiras M., Grins E., Magnus R., Kanetoft M., Eidevald M., Watson P., Vogt P. R., Steiger P., Aigner T., Weber A., Grunefelder J., Kunz M., Grapow M., Aymard T., Reser D., Agus G., Consiglio J., Haenggi M., Hansjoerg J., Iten M., Doeble T., Zenklusen U., Bechtold X., Faedda G., Iafrate M., Rohjer A., Bergamaschi L., Maessen J., Reis Miranda D., Endeman H., Gommers D., Meuwese C., Maas J., Van Gijlswijk M. J., Van Berg R. N., Candura D., Van der Linden M., Kant M., Van der Heijden J. J., Scholten E., Van Belle-van Haren N., Lagrand W. K., Vlaar A. P., De Jong S., Cander B., Sargin M., Ugur M., Kaygin M. A., Daly K., Agnew N., Head L., Kelly L., Anoma G., Russell C., Aquino V., Scott I., Flemming L., Gillon S., Moore O., Gelandt E., Auzinger G., Patel S., and Loveridge R.

Abstract

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been widely used in patients with COVID-19, but uncertainty remains about the determinants of in-hospital mortality and data on post-discharge outcomes are scarce. The aims of this study were to investigate the variables associated with in-hospital outcomes in patients who received ECMO during the first wave of COVID-19 and to describe the status of patients 6 months after ECMO initiation. Methods: EuroECMO-COVID is a prospective, multicentre, observational study developed by the European Extracorporeal Life Support Organization. This study was based on data from patients aged 16 years or older who received ECMO support for refractory COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic—from March 1 to Sept 13, 2020—at 133 centres in 21 countries. In-hospital mortality and mortality 6 months after ECMO initiation were the primary outcomes. Mixed-Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate associations between patient and management-related variables (eg, patient demographics, comorbidities, pre-ECMO status, and ECMO characteristics and complications) and in-hospital deaths. Survival status at 6 months was established through patient contact or institutional charts review. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04366921, and is ongoing. Findings: Between March 1 and Sept 13, 2020, 1215 patients (942 [78%] men and 267 [22%] women; median age 53 years [IQR 46–60]) were included in the study. Median ECMO duration was 15 days (IQR 8–27). 602 (50%) of 1215 patients died in hospital, and 852 (74%) patients had at least one complication. Multiorgan failure was the leading cause of death (192 [36%] of 528 patients who died with available data). In mixed-Cox analyses, age of 60 years or older, use of inotropes and vasopressors before ECMO initiation, chronic renal failure, and time from intubation to ECMO initiation of 4 days or more were associated with higher in-hospital mortality. 613 patients

Published
2023

16. ECMO for COVID-19 patients in Europe and Israel

Author

Lorusso, R, Combes, A, Coco, V, De Piero, M, Belohlavek, J, Delnoij, T, van der Horst, I, Miranda, D, van der Linden, M, van der Heijden, J, Scholten, E, van Belle-van Haren, N, Lagrand, W, de Jong, S, Candura, D, Maas, J, van den Berg, M, Malfertheiner, M, Dreier, E, Mueller, T, Boeken, U, Akhyari, P, Lichtenberg, A, Saeed, D, Thiele, H, Baumgaertel, M, Schmitto, J, Mariani, S, Thielmann, M, Brenner, T, Benk, C, Czerny, M, Kalbhenn, J, Maier, S, Schibilsky, D, Staudacher, D, Henn, P, Iuliu, T, Muellenbach, R, Reyher, C, Rolfes, C, Zacharowski, K, Lotz, G, Sonntagbauer, M, Kersten, A, Karagiannidis, C, Schafer, S, Fichte, J, Hopf, H, Samalavicius, R, Lorini, L, Ghitti, D, Grazioli, L, Loforte, A, Baiocchi, M, Checco, E, Pacini, D, Meani, P, Cappai, A, Russo, C, Bottiroli, M, Mondino, M, Ranucci, M, Fina, D, Ballotta, A, Scandroglio, A, Zangrillo, A, Pieri, M, Nardelli, P, Fominskiy, E, Landoni, G, Fanelli, V, Brazzi, L, Montrucchio, G, Sales, G, Simonetti, U, Urbino, R, Livigni, S, Degani, A, Raffa, G, Pilato, M, Martucci, G, Arcadipane, A, Chiarini, G, Latronico, N, Cattaneo, S, Puglia, C, Reina, G, Sponga, S, Livi, U, Foti, G, Giani, M, Rona, R, Avalli, L, Bombino, M, Costa, M, Carozza, R, Donati, A, Piciche, M, Favaro, A, Salvador, L, Danzi, V, Zanin, A, Condello, I, Fiore, F, Moscarelli, M, Nasso, G, Speziale, G, Sandrelli, L, Montalto, A, Musumeci, F, Circelli, A, Gamberini, E, Russo, E, Benni, M, Agnoletti, V, Rociola, R, Milano, A, Grasso, S, Civita, A, Murgolo, F, Pilato, E, Comentale, G, Montisci, A, Alessandri, F, Tosi, A, Pugliese, F, Carelli, S, Grieco, D, Antonelli, M, Ramoni, E, Di Nardo, M, Maisano, F, Bettex, D, Weber, A, Grunenfelder, J, Consiglio, J, Hansjoerg, J, Haenggi, M, Agus, G, Doeble, T, Zenklusen, U, Bechtold, X, Stockman, B, De Backer, D, Giglioli, S, Meyns, B, Vercaemst, L, Herman, G, Meersseman, P, Vandenbriele, C, Dauwe, D, Vlasselaers, D, Raes, M, Debeuckelaere, G, Rodrigus, I, Biston, P, Piagnerelli, M, Peperstraete, H, Germay, O, Vandewiele, K, Vandeweghe, D, Witters, I, Havrin, S, Bourgeois, M, Taccone, F, Nobile, L, Lheureux, O, Brasseur, A, Creteur, J, Defraigne, J, Misset, B, Courcelle, R, Timmermans, P, Lehaen, J, Frederik, B, Riera, J, Castro, M, Gallart, E, Martinez-Martinez, M, Argudo, E, Garcia-de-Acilu, M, de Pablo Sanchez, R, Ortiz, A, Cabanes, M, Higa, K, Cassina, A, Berbel, D, Sanchez-Salado, J, Arnau, B, de Gopegui, P, Ricart, P, Sandoval, E, Veganzones, J, Millan, P, de la Sota, P, Santa Teresa, P, Alcantara, S, Alvarez, J, Gonzalez, A, Lopez, M, Gordillo, A, Naranjo-Izurieta, J, Costa, R, Albacete Moreno, C, de Ayala, J, Blanco-Schweizer, P, Andres, N, Boado, V, Martinez, J, Casal, V, Garcia, E, Martin-Villen, L, Climent, J, Pinto, L, Leprince, P, Lebreton, G, Juvin, C, Schmidt, M, Pineton, M, Folliguet, T, Saiydoun, G, Gaudard, P, Colson, P, Obadia, J, Pozzi, M, Fellahi, J, Yonis, H, Richard, J, Parasido, A, Verhoye, J, Flecher, E, Ajrhourh, L, Nesseler, N, Mansour, A, Guinot, P, Zarka, J, Besserve, P, Makhoul, M, Bolotin, G, Kassif, Y, Soufleris, D, Schellongowski, P, Bonaros, N, Krapf, C, Ebert, K, Mair, P, Kothleutner, F, Kowalewsky, M, Christensen, S, Pedersen, F, Balik, M, Blaha, J, Lips, M, Otahal, M, Camporota, L, Daly, K, Agnew, N, Barker, J, Head, L, Garcia, M, Ledot, S, Aquino, V, Lewis, R, Worthy, J, Noor, H, Scott, I, O'Brien, S, Conrick-Martin, I, Carton, E, Gillon, S, Flemming, L, Broman, L, Grins, E, Ketskalo, M, Tsarenko, S, Popugaev, K, Minin, S, Kornilov, I, Skopets, A, Kornelyuk, R, Turchaninov, A, Gorjup, V, Shelukhin, D, Dsouki, Y, Sargin, M, Kaygin, M, Liana, S, Puss, S, Soerensen, G, Magnus, R, Kanetoft, M, Watson, P, Redfors, B, Krenner, N, Velia Antonini, M, Barrett, N, Belliato, M, Davidson, M, Finney, S, Fowles, J, Halbe, M, Hennig, F, Jones, T, Smith, J, Roeleveld, P, Swol, J, Lorusso R., Combes A., Coco V. L., De Piero M. E., Belohlavek J., Delnoij T., van der Horst I., Miranda D. R., van der Linden M., van der Heijden J. J., Scholten E., van Belle-van Haren N., Lagrand W., de Jong S., Candura D., Maas J., van den Berg M. J. G., Malfertheiner M., Dreier E., Mueller T., Boeken U., Akhyari P., Lichtenberg A., Saeed D., Thiele H., Baumgaertel M., Schmitto J. D., Mariani S., Thielmann M., Brenner T., Benk C., Czerny M., Kalbhenn J., Maier S., Schibilsky D., Staudacher D. L., Henn P., Iuliu T., Muellenbach R., Reyher C., Rolfes C., Zacharowski K., Lotz G., Sonntagbauer M., Kersten A., Karagiannidis C., Schafer S., Fichte J., Hopf H. -B., Samalavicius R., Lorini L., Ghitti D., Grazioli L., Loforte A., Baiocchi M., Checco E. D., Pacini D., Meani P., Cappai A., Russo C. F., Bottiroli M., Mondino M., Ranucci M., Fina D., Ballotta A., Scandroglio A. M., Zangrillo A., Pieri M., Nardelli P., Fominskiy E., Landoni G., Fanelli V., Brazzi L., Montrucchio G., Sales G., Simonetti U., Urbino R., Livigni S., Degani A., Raffa G., Pilato M., Martucci G., Arcadipane A., Chiarini G., Latronico N., Cattaneo S., Puglia C., Reina G., Sponga S., Livi U., Foti G., Giani M., Rona R., Avalli L., Bombino M., Costa M. C., Carozza R., Donati A., Piciche M., Favaro A., Salvador L., Danzi V., Zanin A., Condello I., Fiore F., Moscarelli M., Nasso G., Speziale G., Sandrelli L., Montalto A., Musumeci F., Circelli A., Gamberini E., Russo E., Benni M., Agnoletti V., Rociola R., Milano A. D., Grasso S., Civita A., Murgolo F., Pilato E., Comentale G., Montisci A., Alessandri F., Tosi A., Pugliese F., Carelli S., Grieco D. L., Antonelli M., Ramoni E., Di Nardo M., Maisano F., Bettex D., Weber A., Grunenfelder J., Consiglio J., Hansjoerg J., Haenggi M., Agus G., Doeble T., Zenklusen U., Bechtold X., Stockman B., De Backer D., Giglioli S., Meyns B., Vercaemst L., Herman G., Meersseman P., Vandenbriele C., Dauwe D., Vlasselaers D., Raes M., Debeuckelaere G., Rodrigus I., Biston P., Piagnerelli M., Peperstraete H., Germay O., Vandewiele K., Vandeweghe D., Witters I., Havrin S., Bourgeois M., Taccone F. S., Nobile L., Lheureux O., Brasseur A., Creteur J., Defraigne J. -O., Misset B., Courcelle R., Timmermans P. J., Lehaen J., Frederik B., Riera J., Castro M. A., Gallart E., Martinez-Martinez M., Argudo E., Garcia-de-Acilu M., de Pablo Sanchez R., Ortiz A. B., Cabanes M. -P. F., Higa K. O., Cassina A. M., Berbel D. O., Sanchez-Salado J. C., Arnau B. -L., de Gopegui P. R., Ricart P., Sandoval E., Veganzones J., Millan P., de la Sota P., Santa Teresa P., Alcantara S., Alvarez J. D., Gonzalez A. V., Lopez M., Gordillo A., Naranjo-Izurieta J., Costa R. G., Albacete Moreno C. L., de Ayala J. A., Blanco-Schweizer P., Andres N. H., Boado V., Martinez J. M. N., Casal V. G., Garcia E. F., Martin-Villen L., Climent J. C., Pinto L. F., Leprince P., Lebreton G., Juvin C., Schmidt M., Pineton M., Folliguet T., Saiydoun G., Gaudard P., Colson P., Obadia J. -F., Pozzi M., Fellahi J. L., Yonis H., Richard J. C., Parasido A., Verhoye J. -P., Flecher E., Ajrhourh L., Nesseler N., Mansour A., Guinot P. -G., Zarka J., Besserve P., Makhoul M., Bolotin G., Kassif Y., Soufleris D., Schellongowski P., Bonaros N., Krapf C., Ebert K., Mair P., Kothleutner F., Kowalewsky M., Christensen S., Pedersen F. M., Balik M., Blaha J., Lips M., Otahal M., Camporota L., Daly K., Agnew N., Barker J., Head L., Garcia M., Ledot S., Aquino V., Lewis R., Worthy J., Noor H., Scott I., O'Brien S., Conrick-Martin I., Carton E., Gillon S., Flemming L., Broman L. M., Grins E., Ketskalo M., Tsarenko S., Popugaev K., Minin S., Kornilov I., Skopets A., Kornelyuk R., Turchaninov A., Gorjup V., Shelukhin D., Dsouki Y. E., Sargin M., Kaygin M. A., Liana S., Puss S., Soerensen G., Magnus R., Kanetoft M., Watson P., Redfors B., Krenner N., Velia Antonini M., Barrett N. A., Belliato M., Davidson M., Finney S., Fowles J. -A., Halbe M., Hennig F., Jones T., Pinto L., Smith J., Roeleveld P., Swol J., Lorusso, R, Combes, A, Coco, V, De Piero, M, Belohlavek, J, Delnoij, T, van der Horst, I, Miranda, D, van der Linden, M, van der Heijden, J, Scholten, E, van Belle-van Haren, N, Lagrand, W, de Jong, S, Candura, D, Maas, J, van den Berg, M, Malfertheiner, M, Dreier, E, Mueller, T, Boeken, U, Akhyari, P, Lichtenberg, A, Saeed, D, Thiele, H, Baumgaertel, M, Schmitto, J, Mariani, S, Thielmann, M, Brenner, T, Benk, C, Czerny, M, Kalbhenn, J, Maier, S, Schibilsky, D, Staudacher, D, Henn, P, Iuliu, T, Muellenbach, R, Reyher, C, Rolfes, C, Zacharowski, K, Lotz, G, Sonntagbauer, M, Kersten, A, Karagiannidis, C, Schafer, S, Fichte, J, Hopf, H, Samalavicius, R, Lorini, L, Ghitti, D, Grazioli, L, Loforte, A, Baiocchi, M, Checco, E, Pacini, D, Meani, P, Cappai, A, Russo, C, Bottiroli, M, Mondino, M, Ranucci, M, Fina, D, Ballotta, A, Scandroglio, A, Zangrillo, A, Pieri, M, Nardelli, P, Fominskiy, E, Landoni, G, Fanelli, V, Brazzi, L, Montrucchio, G, Sales, G, Simonetti, U, Urbino, R, Livigni, S, Degani, A, Raffa, G, Pilato, M, Martucci, G, Arcadipane, A, Chiarini, G, Latronico, N, Cattaneo, S, Puglia, C, Reina, G, Sponga, S, Livi, U, Foti, G, Giani, M, Rona, R, Avalli, L, Bombino, M, Costa, M, Carozza, R, Donati, A, Piciche, M, Favaro, A, Salvador, L, Danzi, V, Zanin, A, Condello, I, Fiore, F, Moscarelli, M, Nasso, G, Speziale, G, Sandrelli, L, Montalto, A, Musumeci, F, Circelli, A, Gamberini, E, Russo, E, Benni, M, Agnoletti, V, Rociola, R, Milano, A, Grasso, S, Civita, A, Murgolo, F, Pilato, E, Comentale, G, Montisci, A, Alessandri, F, Tosi, A, Pugliese, F, Carelli, S, Grieco, D, Antonelli, M, Ramoni, E, Di Nardo, M, Maisano, F, Bettex, D, Weber, A, Grunenfelder, J, Consiglio, J, Hansjoerg, J, Haenggi, M, Agus, G, Doeble, T, Zenklusen, U, Bechtold, X, Stockman, B, De Backer, D, Giglioli, S, Meyns, B, Vercaemst, L, Herman, G, Meersseman, P, Vandenbriele, C, Dauwe, D, Vlasselaers, D, Raes, M, Debeuckelaere, G, Rodrigus, I, Biston, P, Piagnerelli, M, Peperstraete, H, Germay, O, Vandewiele, K, Vandeweghe, D, Witters, I, Havrin, S, Bourgeois, M, Taccone, F, Nobile, L, Lheureux, O, Brasseur, A, Creteur, J, Defraigne, J, Misset, B, Courcelle, R, Timmermans, P, Lehaen, J, Frederik, B, Riera, J, Castro, M, Gallart, E, Martinez-Martinez, M, Argudo, E, Garcia-de-Acilu, M, de Pablo Sanchez, R, Ortiz, A, Cabanes, M, Higa, K, Cassina, A, Berbel, D, Sanchez-Salado, J, Arnau, B, de Gopegui, P, Ricart, P, Sandoval, E, Veganzones, J, Millan, P, de la Sota, P, Santa Teresa, P, Alcantara, S, Alvarez, J, Gonzalez, A, Lopez, M, Gordillo, A, Naranjo-Izurieta, J, Costa, R, Albacete Moreno, C, de Ayala, J, Blanco-Schweizer, P, Andres, N, Boado, V, Martinez, J, Casal, V, Garcia, E, Martin-Villen, L, Climent, J, Pinto, L, Leprince, P, Lebreton, G, Juvin, C, Schmidt, M, Pineton, M, Folliguet, T, Saiydoun, G, Gaudard, P, Colson, P, Obadia, J, Pozzi, M, Fellahi, J, Yonis, H, Richard, J, Parasido, A, Verhoye, J, Flecher, E, Ajrhourh, L, Nesseler, N, Mansour, A, Guinot, P, Zarka, J, Besserve, P, Makhoul, M, Bolotin, G, Kassif, Y, Soufleris, D, Schellongowski, P, Bonaros, N, Krapf, C, Ebert, K, Mair, P, Kothleutner, F, Kowalewsky, M, Christensen, S, Pedersen, F, Balik, M, Blaha, J, Lips, M, Otahal, M, Camporota, L, Daly, K, Agnew, N, Barker, J, Head, L, Garcia, M, Ledot, S, Aquino, V, Lewis, R, Worthy, J, Noor, H, Scott, I, O'Brien, S, Conrick-Martin, I, Carton, E, Gillon, S, Flemming, L, Broman, L, Grins, E, Ketskalo, M, Tsarenko, S, Popugaev, K, Minin, S, Kornilov, I, Skopets, A, Kornelyuk, R, Turchaninov, A, Gorjup, V, Shelukhin, D, Dsouki, Y, Sargin, M, Kaygin, M, Liana, S, Puss, S, Soerensen, G, Magnus, R, Kanetoft, M, Watson, P, Redfors, B, Krenner, N, Velia Antonini, M, Barrett, N, Belliato, M, Davidson, M, Finney, S, Fowles, J, Halbe, M, Hennig, F, Jones, T, Smith, J, Roeleveld, P, Swol, J, Lorusso R., Combes A., Coco V. L., De Piero M. E., Belohlavek J., Delnoij T., van der Horst I., Miranda D. R., van der Linden M., van der Heijden J. J., Scholten E., van Belle-van Haren N., Lagrand W., de Jong S., Candura D., Maas J., van den Berg M. J. G., Malfertheiner M., Dreier E., Mueller T., Boeken U., Akhyari P., Lichtenberg A., Saeed D., Thiele H., Baumgaertel M., Schmitto J. D., Mariani S., Thielmann M., Brenner T., Benk C., Czerny M., Kalbhenn J., Maier S., Schibilsky D., Staudacher D. L., Henn P., Iuliu T., Muellenbach R., Reyher C., Rolfes C., Zacharowski K., Lotz G., Sonntagbauer M., Kersten A., Karagiannidis C., Schafer S., Fichte J., Hopf H. -B., Samalavicius R., Lorini L., Ghitti D., Grazioli L., Loforte A., Baiocchi M., Checco E. D., Pacini D., Meani P., Cappai A., Russo C. F., Bottiroli M., Mondino M., Ranucci M., Fina D., Ballotta A., Scandroglio A. M., Zangrillo A., Pieri M., Nardelli P., Fominskiy E., Landoni G., Fanelli V., Brazzi L., Montrucchio G., Sales G., Simonetti U., Urbino R., Livigni S., Degani A., Raffa G., Pilato M., Martucci G., Arcadipane A., Chiarini G., Latronico N., Cattaneo S., Puglia C., Reina G., Sponga S., Livi U., Foti G., Giani M., Rona R., Avalli L., Bombino M., Costa M. C., Carozza R., Donati A., Piciche M., Favaro A., Salvador L., Danzi V., Zanin A., Condello I., Fiore F., Moscarelli M., Nasso G., Speziale G., Sandrelli L., Montalto A., Musumeci F., Circelli A., Gamberini E., Russo E., Benni M., Agnoletti V., Rociola R., Milano A. D., Grasso S., Civita A., Murgolo F., Pilato E., Comentale G., Montisci A., Alessandri F., Tosi A., Pugliese F., Carelli S., Grieco D. L., Antonelli M., Ramoni E., Di Nardo M., Maisano F., Bettex D., Weber A., Grunenfelder J., Consiglio J., Hansjoerg J., Haenggi M., Agus G., Doeble T., Zenklusen U., Bechtold X., Stockman B., De Backer D., Giglioli S., Meyns B., Vercaemst L., Herman G., Meersseman P., Vandenbriele C., Dauwe D., Vlasselaers D., Raes M., Debeuckelaere G., Rodrigus I., Biston P., Piagnerelli M., Peperstraete H., Germay O., Vandewiele K., Vandeweghe D., Witters I., Havrin S., Bourgeois M., Taccone F. S., Nobile L., Lheureux O., Brasseur A., Creteur J., Defraigne J. -O., Misset B., Courcelle R., Timmermans P. J., Lehaen J., Frederik B., Riera J., Castro M. A., Gallart E., Martinez-Martinez M., Argudo E., Garcia-de-Acilu M., de Pablo Sanchez R., Ortiz A. B., Cabanes M. -P. F., Higa K. O., Cassina A. M., Berbel D. O., Sanchez-Salado J. C., Arnau B. -L., de Gopegui P. R., Ricart P., Sandoval E., Veganzones J., Millan P., de la Sota P., Santa Teresa P., Alcantara S., Alvarez J. D., Gonzalez A. V., Lopez M., Gordillo A., Naranjo-Izurieta J., Costa R. G., Albacete Moreno C. L., de Ayala J. A., Blanco-Schweizer P., Andres N. H., Boado V., Martinez J. M. N., Casal V. G., Garcia E. F., Martin-Villen L., Climent J. C., Pinto L. F., Leprince P., Lebreton G., Juvin C., Schmidt M., Pineton M., Folliguet T., Saiydoun G., Gaudard P., Colson P., Obadia J. -F., Pozzi M., Fellahi J. L., Yonis H., Richard J. C., Parasido A., Verhoye J. -P., Flecher E., Ajrhourh L., Nesseler N., Mansour A., Guinot P. -G., Zarka J., Besserve P., Makhoul M., Bolotin G., Kassif Y., Soufleris D., Schellongowski P., Bonaros N., Krapf C., Ebert K., Mair P., Kothleutner F., Kowalewsky M., Christensen S., Pedersen F. M., Balik M., Blaha J., Lips M., Otahal M., Camporota L., Daly K., Agnew N., Barker J., Head L., Garcia M., Ledot S., Aquino V., Lewis R., Worthy J., Noor H., Scott I., O'Brien S., Conrick-Martin I., Carton E., Gillon S., Flemming L., Broman L. M., Grins E., Ketskalo M., Tsarenko S., Popugaev K., Minin S., Kornilov I., Skopets A., Kornelyuk R., Turchaninov A., Gorjup V., Shelukhin D., Dsouki Y. E., Sargin M., Kaygin M. A., Liana S., Puss S., Soerensen G., Magnus R., Kanetoft M., Watson P., Redfors B., Krenner N., Velia Antonini M., Barrett N. A., Belliato M., Davidson M., Finney S., Fowles J. -A., Halbe M., Hennig F., Jones T., Pinto L., Smith J., Roeleveld P., and Swol J.

Published
2021

18. Evaluation of the ATCA fast controller standard for ITER diagnostics

Author

Simrock, S., Bertalot, L., Cheon, M., Hansalia, C., Joonekindt, D., Jablonski, G., Kawano, Y., Klotz, W.-D., Kondoh, T., Kozak, T., Makijarvi, P., Makowski, D., Napieralski, A., Orlikowski, M., Park, M., Petrov, S., Piotrowski, A., Predki, P., Semenov, I., Shelukhin, D., Udintsev, V., Vayakis, G., Wallander, A., Walsh, M., Wu, S., Yang, S.Q., and Yonekawa, I.

Published
2012
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27. Formation of electron transport barriers under ECR control of the q(r) profile in the T-10 tokamak

Author

Razumova, K. A., Alikaev, V. V., Bondarenko, I. S., Borschegovskii, A. A., Vershkov, V. A., Gorshkov, A. V., Gott, Yu. V., Dnestrovskij, Yu. N., Dreval, V. V., Dremin, M. M., Eliseev, L. G., Kirnev, G. S., Kislov, A. Ya., Klimanov, I. V., Kozachok, A. S., Komarov, A. D., Krupin, V. A., Krupnik, L. I., Krylov, S. V., Lysenko, S. E., Medvedev, A. A., Melnikov, A. V., Myalton, T. B., Notkin, G. E., Novikov, A. Yu., Pavlov, Yu. D., Petrov, D. P., Poznyak, V. I., Roy, I. N., Savrukhin, P. V., Sannikov, V. V., Soldatov, S. V., Sushkov, A. V., Trukhin, V. M., Khrebtov, S. M., Chistyakov, V. V., and Shelukhin, D. A.

Published
2001
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28. Investigation of the H-mode during ECRH in the T-10 tokamak

Author

Alikaev, V. V., Borshchegovskii, A. A., Vershkov, V. A., Volkov, V. V., Gorshkov, A. V., Gott, Yu. V., Grashin, S. A., Dremin, M. M., Eliseev, L. G., Esipchuk, Yu. V., Zhuravlev, V. A., Kakurin, A. M., Kirnev, G. S., Kirneva, N. A., Kislov, A. Ya., Kislov, D. A., Klimanov, I. V., Kochin, V. A., Krupin, V. A., Krylov, S. V., Melnikov, A. V., Myalton, T. B., Novikov, A. Yu., Notkin, G. E., Pavlov, Yu. D., Piterskii, V. V., Poznyak, V. I., Roi, I. N., Savrukhin, P. V., Sannikov, V. V., Soldatov, S. V., Stepanenko, M. M., Sushkov, A. V., Tarasyan, K. N., Trukhin, V. M., Trukhina, E. V., Khimchenko, L. N., Chistyakov, V. V., and Shelukhin, D. A.

Published
2000
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30. Optimization of ECR-breakdown and plasma discharge formation on T-10 tokamak, using X-mode second harmonic of ECR.

Author

Roy I., Petrov D., Pavlov Y., Maltsev S., Krupin V., Kislov A., Kirneva N., Il’in V., Dremin M., Borshchegovskiy A., Shelukhin D., and Sokolov M.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

In order to obtain breakdown and suitable plasma parameters for low-voltage OH start-up, high level of EC-power was injected into T-10 tokamak. Input HF-power was varied in the range of 0.15–1.0 MW. Two HF-launcher systems with different output beams allowed to inject EC-waves with maximum power density 0.25 MW/cm2 and 0.01 MW/cm2. Dependence of breakdown time delay on HF-power was obtained. It was shown, that optimal plasma parameters were achieved in presence of plasma equilibrium currents I=3 kA (input HF-power=1.0 MW). Electron temperature Te=100÷150 eV and electron density ne=5·1012 cm−3 was measured in these discharges. These parameters remained constant during full HF-pulse-length.

Published
2012
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31. Extending the physics studied by ECE on ITER

Author

Pandya H., Austin M.E., Watts C., Walsh M.J., Walker C.I., Snipes J.A., Prakash A., Portalès M., Patel K.M., Henderson M.A., Giacomin T., Encheva A., Direz M.-F., Bora D., Vayakis G., Udintsev V.S., Hanson G., Popova E., Sanchez P., Shelukhin D., Conway G.D., and Oosterbeek J.W.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The Electron Cyclotron Emission (ECE) diagnostic provides essential information for plasma operation and for establishing performance characteristics in ITER. Recently, the design of the ITER ECE diagnostic has been taken through the conceptual design review and now entering the detailed design phase [1, 2]. The baseline ECE system on ITER permits measurements of both the X- and O-mode radiation in the frequency range from 70 GHz up to 1 THz along two lines-of-sight, perpendicular and oblique at about 10 degrees, in the equatorial port. The system as planned meets the ITER measurement requirements. Nevertheless, there are several other mm-wave diagnostics in ITER, such as HFS, LFS and plasma position reflectometry, as well as Collective Thomson scattering system, whose transmission lines allow, in principle, additional measurements of parts of the ECE spectrum with upgrades of their back-ends, improvements in filtering and/or additional receivers. A discussion of whether and how supposedly to enable such ECE measurements is given here.

Published
2012
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39. Role of turbulence and electric fields in the formation of transport barriers and the establishment of improved confinement in tokamak plasmas through INTER-machine comparison

Author

Oost, G., Bulanin, V., Donné, A. J. H., Gusakov, E., Krämer-Flecken, A., Krupnik, L., Heikkinen, J., Melnikov, A., Razumova, K., Rozhansky, V., Stöcke, J., Tendler, M., Schoor, M., Vershkov, V., Zajac, J., Altukov, A., Andreev, V., Askinazi, L., Bondarenko, I., Dnestrovskij, A., Eliseev, L., Esipov, L., Grashin, S., Gurchenko, A., Hogeweij, G. M. D., Kantor, M., Kaveeva, E., Kiviniemi, T., Khrebtov, S., Kouprienko, D., Kurki-Suonio, T., Lashkul, S., Sergei Lebedev, Leerink, S., Lysenko, S., Ogando, F., Perfilov, S., Petrov, A., Popov, A., Shelukhin, D., Shurygin, R., Soldatov, S., Stepanov, A., and Xu, Y.

Subjects
Магнитное удержание
Abstract

Over the past decade new regimes of tokamak operation have been identified, whereby electrostatic and magnetic turbulence responsible for anomalous transport, can be externally suppressed, leading to improved confinement. Although turbulence measurements have been performed on many confinement devices, the insight gained from these experiments is relatively limited. To make further progress in the understanding of plasma turbulence in relation to improved confinement and transport barriers, an extensive experimental and theoretical research programme should be undertaken. The present INTAS project investigates the correlations between on the one hand the occurrence of transport barriers and improved confinement in the tokamaks TEXTOR & T-10 and Tore Supra as well as on the smaller-scale tokamaks FT-2, TUMAN-3M and CASTOR, and on the other hand electric fields, modified magnetic shear and electrostatic and magnetic turbulence using advanced diagnostics with high spatial and temporal resolution. This is done in a strongly coordinated way and exploiting the complementarity of TEXTOR and T-10 and the backup potential of the other tokamaks, which together have all the relevant experimental tools and theoretical expertise. Advanced theoretical models and numerical simulations are used to check the experimental results. За останні десять років було отримано нові режими роботи токамаків, у яких електростатична і магнітна турбулентність, відповідальна за аномальний перенос, могла заглушатися шляхом зовнішнього впливу, і тим самим досягалося поліпшене утримання. Незважаючи на те, що дослідження турбулентності проводилися на багатьох установках, розуміння цих процесів залишається досить обмеженим. Для досягнення подальшого прогресу в розумінні плазмової турбулентності з погляду поліпшеного утримання і транспортних бар'єрів необхідні інтенсивні експериментальні і теоретичні дослідження. Проект INTAS спрямовано на з'ясування кореляції між виникненням транспортних бар'єрів і поліпшеного утримання в токамаках TEXTOR, Т-10 і Tore Supra, а також у токамаках малих розмірів ФТ-2, ТУМАН-3М и CASTOR, з одного боку, і електричними полями, модифікованим магнітним широм і електростатичною і магнітною турбулентністю, з іншого боку, з використанням передових діагностичних засобів з високим просторовим і тимчасовим розділенням. Дослідження проводяться з високим ступенем координації робіт і використанням взаємодоповнюваності установок TEXTOR і Т-10, і можливостей інших токамаків, що в сукупності забезпечить необхідну експериментальну і теоретичну перевірку. Для перевірки експериментальних результатів буде використано нові теоретичні моделі і чисельне моделювання. В последние десять лет были получены новые режимы работы токамаков, в которых электростатическая и магнитная турбулентность, ответственная за аномальный перенос, могла подавляться путём внешнего воздействия, и тем самым достигалось улучшенное удержание. Несмотря на то, что исследования турбулентности проводились на многих установках, понимание этих процессов остаётся весьма ограниченным. Для достижения дальнейшего прогресса в понимании плазменной турбулентности с точки зрения улучшенного удержания и транспортных барьеров необходимы интенсивные экспериментальные и теоретические исследования. Проект INTAS направлен на выяснение корреляции между возникновением транспортных барьеров и улучшенного удержания в токамаках TEXTOR, Т-10 и Tore Supra, а также в токамаках малых размеров ФТ-2, ТУМАН-3М и CASTOR, с одной стороны, и электрическими полями, модифицированным магнитным широм и электростатической и магнитной турбулентностью, с другой стороны, с использованием передовых диагностических средств с высоким пространственным и временным разрешением. Исследования проводятся с высокой степенью координации работ и использованием взаимодополняемости установок TEXTOR и Т-10, и возможностей других токамаков, что в совокупности обеспечит необходимую экспериментальную и теоретическую проверку. Для проверки экспериментальных результатов будут использованы новые теоретические модели и численное моделирование.

Published
2009

40. ROLE OF TURBULENCE AND ELECTRIC FIELDS IN THE FORMATION OF TRANSPORT BARRIERS AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF IMPROVED CONFINEMENT IN TOKAMAK PLASMAS THROUGH INTER-MACHINE COMPARISON

Author

Van Oost, G., Bulanin, V., Donne, A. J. H., Gusakov, E., Kramer-Flecken, A., Krupnik, L., Heikkinen, J., Melnikov, A., Razumova, K., Rozhansky, V., Stockel, J., Tendler, Michael, Van Schoor, M., Vershkov, V., Zajac, J., Altukov, A., Andreev, V., Askinazi, L., Bondarenko, I., Dnestrovskij, A., Eliseev, L., Esipov, L., Grashin, S., Gurchenko, A., Hogeweij, G. M. D., Kantor, M., Kaveeva, E., Kiviniemi, T., Khrebtov, S., Kouprienko, D., Kurki-Suonio, T., Lashkul, S., Lebedev, S., Leerink, S., Lysenko, S., Ogando, F., Perfilov, S., Petrov, A., Popov, A., Shelukhin, D., Shurygin, F., Soldatov, S., Stepanov, A., Xu, Y., Kraemer-Flecken, A., Stoeckel, J., Van Oost, G., Bulanin, V., Donne, A. J. H., Gusakov, E., Kramer-Flecken, A., Krupnik, L., Heikkinen, J., Melnikov, A., Razumova, K., Rozhansky, V., Stockel, J., Tendler, Michael, Van Schoor, M., Vershkov, V., Zajac, J., Altukov, A., Andreev, V., Askinazi, L., Bondarenko, I., Dnestrovskij, A., Eliseev, L., Esipov, L., Grashin, S., Gurchenko, A., Hogeweij, G. M. D., Kantor, M., Kaveeva, E., Kiviniemi, T., Khrebtov, S., Kouprienko, D., Kurki-Suonio, T., Lashkul, S., Lebedev, S., Leerink, S., Lysenko, S., Ogando, F., Perfilov, S., Petrov, A., Popov, A., Shelukhin, D., Shurygin, F., Soldatov, S., Stepanov, A., Xu, Y., Kraemer-Flecken, A., and Stoeckel, J.

Abstract

Over the past decade new regimes of tokamak operation have been identified, whereby electrostatic and magnetic turbulence responsible for anomalous transport, can be externally suppressed, leading to improved confinement. Although turbulence measurements have been performed on many confinement devices, the insight gained from these experiments is relatively limited. To make further progress in the understanding of plasma turbulence in relation to improved confinement and transport barriers, an extensive experimental and theoretical research programme should be undertaken. The present INTAS project investigates the correlations between on the one hand the occurrence of transport barriers and improved confinement in the tokamaks TEXTOR & T-10 and Tore Supra as well as on the smaller-scale tokamaks FT-2, TUMAN-3M and CASTOR, and on the other hand electric fields, modified magnetic shear and electrostatic and magnetic turbulence using advanced diagnostics with high spatial and temporal resolution. This is done in a strongly coordinated way and exploiting the complementarity of TEXTOR and T-10 and the backup potential of the other tokamaks, which together have all the relevant experimental tools and theoretical expertise. Advanced theoretical models and numerical simulations are used to check the experimental results., QC 20100525

Published
2009

41. Extending the physics studied by ECE on ITER

Author

Udintsev, V.S., primary, Vayakis, G., additional, Bora, D., additional, Direz, M.-F., additional, Encheva, A., additional, Giacomin, T., additional, Henderson, M.A., additional, Patel, K.M., additional, Portalès, M., additional, Prakash, A., additional, Snipes, J.A., additional, Walker, C.I., additional, Walsh, M.J., additional, Watts, C., additional, Austin, M.E., additional, Pandya, H., additional, Hanson, G., additional, Popova, E., additional, Sanchez, P., additional, Shelukhin, D., additional, Conway, G.D., additional, and Oosterbeek, J.W., additional

Published
2012
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43. PROGRESS IN INTERGRATION OF ITER MICROWAVE DIAGNOSTICS

Author

UDINTSEV, V.S., primary, VAYAKIS, G., additional, CANTONE, B., additional, ENCHEVA, A., additional, WALKER, C., additional, BENCHIKHOUNE, M., additional, COSTLEY, A.E., additional, DAMMANN, A., additional, HENDERSON, M.A., additional, KUEHN, I., additional, LEE, C.H., additional, LEVESY, B., additional, MARTIN, A., additional, PATEL, K.M., additional, PITCHER, C.S., additional, TESINI, A., additional, UTIN, Y., additional, WALSH, M.J., additional, DANANI, S., additional, PANDYA, H., additional, VASU, P., additional, AUSTIN, M., additional, ROWAN, W., additional, FEDER, R., additional, JOHNSON, D., additional, SHELUKHIN, D., additional, VERSHKOV, V., additional, COUNSELL, G., additional, INGESSON, CH., additional, and ARSHAD, S., additional

Published
2011
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44. Investigation of geodesic acoustic mode oscillations in the T-10 tokamak

Author

Melnikov, A V, primary, Vershkov, V A, additional, Eliseev, L G, additional, Grashin, S A, additional, Gudozhnik, A V, additional, Krupnik, L I, additional, Lysenko, S E, additional, Mavrin, V A, additional, Perfilov, S V, additional, Shelukhin, D A, additional, Soldatov, S V, additional, Ufimtsev, M V, additional, Urazbaev, A O, additional, Oost, G Van, additional, and Zimeleva, L G, additional

Published
2006
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45. Internal transport barrier formation in experiments with reverse magnetic shear in T-10 tokamak

Author

Kirneva, N A, primary, Esipchuk, Yu V, additional, Borschegovskij, A A, additional, Chistyakov, V V, additional, Gorbunov, E P, additional, Denisov, V Ph, additional, Dremin, M M, additional, Kakurin, A M, additional, Khimchenko, L N, additional, Kislov, D A, additional, Krylov, S V, additional, Krupin, V A, additional, Myalton, T B, additional, Novikov, A Yu, additional, Orlovskij, I I, additional, Pavlov, Yu D, additional, Petrov, D P, additional, Ploskirev, G N, additional, Roy, I N, additional, Ryjakov, D V, additional, Shelukhin, D A, additional, Skovoroda, A A, additional, Skosirev, Yu V, additional, Slepneva, L I, additional, Sushkov, A V, additional, Trukhin, V M, additional, Trukhina, E V, additional, and team, the T-10, additional

Published
2005
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46. High density experiments with gas puffing and ECRH in T-10

Author

Esipchuk, Yu V, primary, Kirneva, N A, additional, Borschegovskij, A A, additional, Chistyakov, V V, additional, Denisov, V Ph, additional, Dremin, M M, additional, Gorbunov, E P, additional, Grashin, S A, additional, Kalupin, D V, additional, Khimchenko, L N, additional, Khramenkov, A V, additional, Kirnev, G S, additional, Krilov, S V, additional, Krupin, V A, additional, Myalton, T B, additional, Pavlov, Yu D, additional, Piterskij, V V, additional, Ploskirev, G N, additional, Poznyak, V I, additional, Roy, I N, additional, Shelukhin, D A, additional, Skosyrev, Yu V, additional, Trukhin, V M, additional, Trukhina, E V, additional, Vershkov, V A, additional, Veschev, E A, additional, Volkov, V V, additional, Zhuravlev, V A, additional, and Team, T-10, additional

Published
2003
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47. Peculiarities of electrode biasing experiments on the T-10 tokamak in regimes with Ohmic and ECR heating

Author

Kirnev, G S, primary, Budaev, V P, additional, Dremin, M M, additional, Gerasimov, E V, additional, Grashin, S A, additional, Khimchenko, L N, additional, Krilov, S V, additional, Pavlov, Yu D, additional, Shelukhin, D A, additional, Soldatov, S V, additional, Timchenko, N N, additional, Oost, G Van, additional, and Vershkov, V A, additional

Published
2003
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48. Lightning subsequent-stroke electric field peak greater than the first stroke peak and multiple ground terminations

Author

Thottappillil, Rajeev, Rakov, V. A., Uman, M. A., Beasley, W. H., Master, M. J., Shelukhin, D. V., Thottappillil, Rajeev, Rakov, V. A., Uman, M. A., Beasley, W. H., Master, M. J., and Shelukhin, D. V.

Abstract

For 46 multiple-stroke flashes in which each stroke ground termination was located using a TV camera network and thunder ranging, 15 flashes (33%) had one or more subsequent return strokes whose initial electric field peak normalized to 100 km was greater than the first-stroke field peak of the flash. In 9 of these 15 flashes the subsequent strokes with field peaks greater than the first stroke followed the same channel as the first stroke; in five flashes the subsequent strokes with the greater peaks followed a different channel to ground; and in one flash the subsequent strokes with the greater peaks occurred both in the first-stroke channel and in a different channel. The interstroke intervals immediately preceding the 13 larger subsequent strokes that followed the first-stroke channel had a geometric mean (GM) duration of 98 ms, 1.7 times greater than the GM of 57 ms for all 199 interstroke intervals (46 flashes) without any selection. Eight of the 13 larger subsequent strokes for which leader durations were measurable had a GM leader duration of 0.55 ms, 3.3 times smaller than the GM of 1.8 ms for 117 subsequent leaders with measurable duration in a previously formed channel of the 46 multiple-stroke flashes. For the six larger subsequent strokes that created a new channel to ground, the preceding interstroke interval had a GM of 130 ms, and the leader duration had a GM of 15 ms. No subsequent stroke with peak field exceeding the first in any category had a preceding interstroke interval less than 35 ms. Analysis of direct current measurements from Switzerland shows that subsequent-stroke currents exhibit many features similar to those of Florida subsequent-stroke electric fields. In 22 Florida single-stroke and multiple-stroke ground flashes the distances between multiple channel terminations in a given flash (33 measurements) ranged from 0.3 km to 7.3 km, with a GM of 1.7 km.

Published
1992
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49. Electron particle transport and turbulence studies in the T-10 tokamak.

Author

Vershkov, V. A., Borisov, M. A., Subbotin, G. F., Shelukhin, D. A., Dnestrovskii, Yu. N., Danilov, A. V., Cherkasov, S. V., Gorbunov, E. P., Sergeev, D. S., Grashin, S. A., Krylov, S. V., Kuleshin, E. O., Myalton, T. B., Skosyrev, Yu. V., and Chistiakov, V. V.

Subjects
TURBULENCE, TOKAMAKS, RESISTANCE heating, ICR heating, DIFFUSION coefficients, MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
Abstract

The goals of this paper are to compare the results of electron particle transport measurements in ohmic (OH) plasmas by means of a small perturbation technique, high-level gas puff and gas switch off, investigate the phenomenon of 'density pump out' during electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) and to correlate density behaviour with turbulence. Two approaches for plasma particle transport studies were compared: the low perturbation technique of periodic puff (δn/ne = 0.3%) and strong density variations (δn/ne < 50%), including density ramp-up by gas puff and ramp-down with gas switch off. The model with constant in time diffusion coefficients and pinch velocities could describe the core density perturbations but failed at the edge. In the case of strong puff three stages were distinguished. Degraded energy confinement and, respectively, low turbulence frequencies were observed during density ramp-up and ramp-down, while enhanced confinement and higher turbulence frequencies were typical for the intermediate stage. Density profile variation during this intermediate phase could be described in the framework of the transport model with constant in time coefficients. The application of ECRH at the density ramp-up phase provided the possibility of postponing the 'density pump out'. The increase in the low-frequency modes in turbulence spectra was observed at the 'density pump out' phase during central ECRH. Although the high- and low-frequency bands of turbulence spectra behaved as trapped electron mode and ion temperature gradient, respectively, they both rotated at the same angular velocity as a rigid body together with magnetohydrodynamic mode m/n = 2/1 and [E x B] plasma rotation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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