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247 results on '"Sheldon, B. C."'

6. Temperature synchronizes temporal variation in laying dates across European hole-nesting passerines

Author

Vriend, S. J. (Stefan J. G.), Grotan, V. (Vidar), Gamelon, M. (Marlene), Adriaensen, F. (Frank), Ahola, M. P. (Markus P.), Alvarez, E. (Elena), Bailey, L. D. (Liam D.), Barba, E. (Emilio), Bouvier, J.-C. (Jean-Charles), Burgess, M. D. (Malcolm D.), Bushuev, A. (Andrey), Camacho, C. (Carlos), Canal, D. (David), Charmantier, A. (Anne), Cole, E. F. (Ella F.), Cusimano, C. (Camillo), Doligez, B. F. (Blandine F.), Drobniak, S. M. (Szymon M.), Dubiec, A. (Anna), Eens, M. (Marcel), Eeva, T. (Tapio), Erikstad, K. E. (Kjell Einar), Ferns, P. N. (Peter N.), Goodenough, A. E. (Anne E.), Hartley, I. R. (Ian R.), Hinsley, S. A. (Shelley A.), Ivankina, E. (Elena), Juskaitis, R. (Rimvydas), Kempenaers, B. (Bart), Kerimov, A. B. (Anvar B.), Kalas, J. A. (John Atle), Lavigne, C. (Claire), Leivits, A. (Agu), Mainwaring, M. C. (Mark C.), Martinez-Padilla, J. (Jesus), Matthysen, E. (Erik), van Oers, K. (Kees), Orell, M. (Markku), Pinxten, R. (Rianne), Reiertsen, T. K. (Tone Kristin), Rytkönen, S. (Seppo), Senar, J. C. (Juan Carlos), Sheldon, B. C. (Ben C.), Sorace, A. (Alberto), Torok, J. (Janos), Vatka, E. (Emma), Visser, M. E. (Marcel E.), Saether, B.-E. (Bernt-Erik), Vriend, S. J. (Stefan J. G.), Grotan, V. (Vidar), Gamelon, M. (Marlene), Adriaensen, F. (Frank), Ahola, M. P. (Markus P.), Alvarez, E. (Elena), Bailey, L. D. (Liam D.), Barba, E. (Emilio), Bouvier, J.-C. (Jean-Charles), Burgess, M. D. (Malcolm D.), Bushuev, A. (Andrey), Camacho, C. (Carlos), Canal, D. (David), Charmantier, A. (Anne), Cole, E. F. (Ella F.), Cusimano, C. (Camillo), Doligez, B. F. (Blandine F.), Drobniak, S. M. (Szymon M.), Dubiec, A. (Anna), Eens, M. (Marcel), Eeva, T. (Tapio), Erikstad, K. E. (Kjell Einar), Ferns, P. N. (Peter N.), Goodenough, A. E. (Anne E.), Hartley, I. R. (Ian R.), Hinsley, S. A. (Shelley A.), Ivankina, E. (Elena), Juskaitis, R. (Rimvydas), Kempenaers, B. (Bart), Kerimov, A. B. (Anvar B.), Kalas, J. A. (John Atle), Lavigne, C. (Claire), Leivits, A. (Agu), Mainwaring, M. C. (Mark C.), Martinez-Padilla, J. (Jesus), Matthysen, E. (Erik), van Oers, K. (Kees), Orell, M. (Markku), Pinxten, R. (Rianne), Reiertsen, T. K. (Tone Kristin), Rytkönen, S. (Seppo), Senar, J. C. (Juan Carlos), Sheldon, B. C. (Ben C.), Sorace, A. (Alberto), Torok, J. (Janos), Vatka, E. (Emma), Visser, M. E. (Marcel E.), and Saether, B.-E. (Bernt-Erik)

Abstract

Identifying the environmental drivers of variation in fitness-related traits is a central objective in ecology and evolutionary biology. Temporal fluctuations of these environmental drivers are often synchronized at large spatial scales. Yet, whether synchronous environmental conditions can generate spatial synchrony in fitness-related trait values (i.e., correlated temporal trait fluctuations across populations) is poorly understood. Using data from long-term monitored populations of blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus, n = 31), great tits (Parus major, n = 35), and pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca, n = 20) across Europe, we assessed the influence of two local climatic variables (mean temperature and mean precipitation in February-May) on spatial synchrony in three fitness-related traits: laying date, clutch size, and fledgling number. We found a high degree of spatial synchrony in laying date but a lower degree in clutch size and fledgling number for each species. Temperature strongly influenced spatial synchrony in laying date for resident blue tits and great tits but not for migratory pied flycatchers. This is a relevant finding in the context of environmental impacts on populations because spatial synchrony in fitness-related trait values among populations may influence fluctuations in vital rates or population abundances. If environmentally induced spatial synchrony in fitness-related traits increases the spatial synchrony in vital rates or population abundances, this will ultimately increase the risk of extinction for populations and species. Assessing how environmental conditions influence spatiotemporal variation in trait values improves our mechanistic understanding of environmental impacts on populations.

Published
2023

9. Bird populations most exposed to climate change are less sensitive to climatic variation

Author

Bailey, L. D. (Liam D.), van de Pol, M. (Martijn), Adriaensen, F. (Frank), Arct, A. (Aneta), Barba, E. (Emilio), Bellamy, P. E. (Paul E.), Bonamour, S. (Suzanne), Bouvier, J.-C. (Jean-Charles), Burgess, M. D. (Malcolm D.), Charmantier, A. (Anne), Cusimano, C. (Camillo), Doligez, B. (Blandine), Drobniak, S. M. (Szymon M.), Dubiec, A. (Anna), Eens, M. (Marcel), Eeva, T. (Tapio), Ferns, P. N. (Peter N.), Goodenough, A. E. (Anne E.), Hartley, I. R. (Ian R.), Hinsley, S. A. (Shelley A.), Ivankina, E. (Elena), Juskaitis, R. (Rimvydas), Kempenaers, B. (Bart), Kerimov, A. B. (Anvar B.), Lavigne, C. (Claire), Leivits, A. (Agu), Mainwaring, M. C. (Mark C.), Matthysen, E. (Erik), Nilsson, J.-A. (Jan-Ake), Orell, M. (Markku), Rytkönen, S. (Seppo), Carlos Senar, J. (Juan), Sheldon, B. C. (Ben C.), Sorace, A. (Alberto), Stenning, M. J. (Martyn J.), Torok, J. (Janos), van Oers, K. (Kees), Vatka, E. (Emma), Vriend, S. J. (Stefan J. G.), Visser, M. E. (Marcel E.), Bailey, L. D. (Liam D.), van de Pol, M. (Martijn), Adriaensen, F. (Frank), Arct, A. (Aneta), Barba, E. (Emilio), Bellamy, P. E. (Paul E.), Bonamour, S. (Suzanne), Bouvier, J.-C. (Jean-Charles), Burgess, M. D. (Malcolm D.), Charmantier, A. (Anne), Cusimano, C. (Camillo), Doligez, B. (Blandine), Drobniak, S. M. (Szymon M.), Dubiec, A. (Anna), Eens, M. (Marcel), Eeva, T. (Tapio), Ferns, P. N. (Peter N.), Goodenough, A. E. (Anne E.), Hartley, I. R. (Ian R.), Hinsley, S. A. (Shelley A.), Ivankina, E. (Elena), Juskaitis, R. (Rimvydas), Kempenaers, B. (Bart), Kerimov, A. B. (Anvar B.), Lavigne, C. (Claire), Leivits, A. (Agu), Mainwaring, M. C. (Mark C.), Matthysen, E. (Erik), Nilsson, J.-A. (Jan-Ake), Orell, M. (Markku), Rytkönen, S. (Seppo), Carlos Senar, J. (Juan), Sheldon, B. C. (Ben C.), Sorace, A. (Alberto), Stenning, M. J. (Martyn J.), Torok, J. (Janos), van Oers, K. (Kees), Vatka, E. (Emma), Vriend, S. J. (Stefan J. G.), and Visser, M. E. (Marcel E.)

Abstract

The phenology of many species shows strong sensitivity to climate change; however, with few large scale intra-specific studies it is unclear how such sensitivity varies over a species’ range. We document large intra-specific variation in phenological sensitivity to temperature using laying date information from 67 populations of two co-familial European songbirds, the great tit (Parus major) and blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus), covering a large part of their breeding range. Populations inhabiting deciduous habitats showed stronger phenological sensitivity than those in evergreen and mixed habitats. However, populations with higher sensitivity tended to have experienced less rapid change in climate over the past decades, such that populations with high phenological sensitivity will not necessarily exhibit the strongest phenological advancement. Our results show that to effectively assess the impact of climate change on phenology across a species’ range it will be necessary to account for intra-specific variation in phenological sensitivity, climate change exposure, and the ecological characteristics of a population.

Published
2022

10. Complex foraging behaviours in wild birds emerge from social learning and recombination of components

Author

Wild, Sonja; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5904-0096, Chimento, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5697-1701, McMahon, K, Farine, Damien R; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2208-7613, Sheldon, B C, Aplin, Lucy M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5367-826X, Wild, Sonja; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5904-0096, Chimento, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5697-1701, McMahon, K, Farine, Damien R; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2208-7613, Sheldon, B C, and Aplin, Lucy M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5367-826X

Abstract

Recent well-documented cases of cultural evolution towards increasing efficiency in non-human animals have led some authors to propose that other animals are also capable of cumulative cultural evolution, where traits become more refined and/or complex over time. Yet few comparative examples exist of traits increasing in complexity, and experimental tests remain scarce. In a previous study, we introduced a foraging innovation into replicate subpopulations of great tits, the ‘sliding-door puzzle’. Here, we track diffusion of a second ‘dial puzzle’, before introducing a two-step puzzle that combines both actions. We mapped social networks across two generations to ask if individuals could: (1) recombine socially-learned traits and (2) socially transmit a two-step trait. Our results show birds could recombine skills into more complex foraging behaviours, and naïve birds across both generations could learn the two-step trait. However, closer interrogation revealed that acquisition was not achieved entirely through social learning—rather, birds socially learned components before reconstructing full solutions asocially. As a consequence, singular cultural traditions failed to emerge, although subpopulations of birds shared preferences for a subset of behavioural variants. Our results show that while tits can socially learn complex foraging behaviours, these may need to be scaffolded by rewarding each component. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The emergence of collective knowledge and cumulative culture in animals, humans and machines’.

Published
2022

12. Complex foraging behaviours in wild birds emerge from social learning and recombination of components

Author

Wild, Sonja, Chimento, Michael, McMahon, K, Farine, Damien R, Sheldon, B C, Aplin, Lucy M, and University of Zurich

Subjects
social networks, animal culture, Wild, Animals, Wild, Genetics and Molecular Biology, NBDA, Medical and Health Sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Genetic, Cultural Evolution, Parus major, ddc:570, Animals, Passeriformes, Cumulative Cultural Evolution, Social learning, Social networks, Parus major, Animal culture, NBDA, cumulative cultural evolution, Research Articles, Recombination, Genetic, Evolutionary Biology, Articles, Biological Sciences, Recombination, Social Learning, General Biochemistry, 570 Life sciences, biology, 590 Animals (Zoology), General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Abstract

Recent well-documented cases of cultural evolution towards increasing efficiency in non-human animals have led some authors to propose that other animals are also capable of cumulative cultural evolution, where traits become more refined and/or complex over time. Yet few comparative examples exist of traits increasing in complexity, and experimental tests remain scarce. In a previous study, we introduced a foraging innovation into replicate subpopulations of great tits, the ‘sliding-door puzzle’. Here, we track diffusion of a second ‘dial puzzle’, before introducing a two-step puzzle that combines both actions. We mapped social networks across two generations to ask if individuals could: (1) recombine socially-learned traits and (2) socially transmit a two-step trait. Our results show birds could recombine skills into more complex foraging behaviours, and naïve birds across both generations could learn the two-step trait. However, closer interrogation revealed that acquisition was not achieved entirely through social learning—rather, birds socially learned components before reconstructing full solutions asocially. As a consequence, singular cultural traditions failed to emerge, although subpopulations of birds shared preferences for a subset of behavioural variants. Our results show that while tits can socially learn complex foraging behaviours, these may need to be scaffolded by rewarding each component. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The emergence of collective knowledge and cumulative culture in animals, humans and machines’.

Published
2022

28. Supplementary figures and tables from Complex foraging behaviours in wild birds emerge from social learning and recombination of components

Author

Wild, S., Chimento, M., McMahon, K., Farine, D. R., Sheldon, B. C., and Aplin, L. M.

Abstract

Contents: Figure S1 - Frequency versus time-to-solve (TTS) across all solve variants; Table S1 - Relative support and effect sizes for the social learning parameter s and the influence of individual-level variables on social and asocial learning rates; Table S2 - Prior knowledge state to learning complex (GLM); Table S3 - Summary of bird's knowledge states against whether they learned the complex solution; Table S4 - Behavioural Diversity Models (LMM).

Published
2021
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31. Sex ratios

Author

West, S. A., Reece, S. E., and Sheldon, B. C.

Subjects
Genetic research -- Analysis, Sex ratio -- Genetic aspects, Reproduction -- Genetic aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Research has been conducted on sex allocation. The ability of the individuals in species with separate sexes to vary their male offspring proportion has been investigated and the results are discussed.

Published
2002

32. Cryptic evolution in a wild bird population

Author

Merila, J., Kruuk, L. E. B., and Sheldon, B. C.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): J. Merilä (corresponding author) [1]; L. E. B. Kruuk [2]; B. C. Sheldon [3, 4] Microevolution is expected to be commonplace, yet there are few thoroughly documented cases of [...]

Published
2001
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38. Complex foraging behaviours in wild birds emerge from social learning and recombination of components.

Author

Wild, S., Chimento, M., McMahon, K., Farine, D. R., Sheldon, B. C., and Aplin, L. M.

Subjects
SOCIAL learning, BIRD behavior, SOCIAL evolution, ANIMAL culture, GREAT tit, HUMAN-machine relationship, BIRD populations, BIRDS
Abstract

Recent well-documented cases of cultural evolution towards increasing efficiency in non-human animals have led some authors to propose that other animals are also capable of cumulative cultural evolution, where traits become more refined and/or complex over time. Yet few comparative examples exist of traits increasing in complexity, and experimental tests remain scarce. In a previous study, we introduced a foraging innovation into replicate subpopulations of great tits, the 'sliding-door puzzle'. Here, we track diffusion of a second 'dial puzzle', before introducing a two-step puzzle that combines both actions. We mapped social networks across two generations to ask if individuals could: (1) recombine socially-learned traits and (2) socially transmit a two-step trait. Our results show birds could recombine skills into more complex foraging behaviours, and naïve birds across both generations could learn the two-step trait. However, closer interrogation revealed that acquisition was not achieved entirely through social learning—rather, birds socially learned components before reconstructing full solutions asocially. As a consequence, singular cultural traditions failed to emerge, although subpopulations of birds shared preferences for a subset of behavioural variants. Our results show that while tits can socially learn complex foraging behaviours, these may need to be scaffolded by rewarding each component. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'The emergence of collective knowledge and cumulative culture in animals, humans and machines'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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49. The influence of nonrandom extra-pair paternity on heritability estimates derived from wild pedigrees

Author

Firth, J. A., Hadfield, J. D., Santure, A. W., Slate, J., and Sheldon, B. C.

Abstract

Quantitative genetic analysis is often fundamental for understanding evolutionary processes in wild populations. Avian populations provide a model system due to the relative ease of inferring relatedness among individuals through observation. However, extra-pair paternity (EPP) creates erroneous links within the social pedigree. Previous work has suggested this causes minor underestimation of heritability if paternal misassignment is random and hence not influenced by the trait being studied. Nevertheless, much literature suggests numerous traits are associated with EPP and the accuracy of heritability estimates for such traits remains unexplored. We show analytically how nonrandom pedigree errors can influence heritability estimates. Then, combining empirical data from a large great tit (Parus major) pedigree with simulations, we assess how heritability estimates derived from social pedigrees change depending on the mode of the relationship between EPP and the focal trait. We show that the magnitude of the underestimation is typically small (

Published
2015

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