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The current pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to a massive change in every aspect of our lives. It has grossly affected the healthcare system, business and world trade, disruption of movement and supply of essential goods and has crippled the global economy. Although few vaccines have been approved for the control of disease, targeted therapy options for this virulent disease still remain limited and elusive. Exhaustive search for potent therapeutic candidate is in progress, for which herbal armory are also being explored. Medicinal plants and their products play a vital role in alleviating various diseases and have been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological activities. Plant-based drugs with antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulotry activities were hypothetically considered as potential drugs to prevent and mitigate the prevailing situation caused by SARS-CoV-2. Arq Ajīb ‘a Unani formulation’ presents compelling approach in treating numerous diseases. The ingredients of Arq Ajīb and their phytocompounds have been reported for wide-ranging pharmaco-biological activities including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulotry, anti-allergic, antitussive and bronchodilatory activities. Scientific data available on the formulation ingredients and their phytocompounds indicates that the formulation may have a significant role in augmenting the immune status of individual, protecting them from infection and providing symptomatic relief to patients affected with COVID-19. Hence, it may be considered as a potential drug for the development of novel therapeutic candidate for SARS-CoV-2 infection. This multi-faceted review highlights the therapeutic significance and pharmacological actions of Arq Ajīb and its ingredients to demonstrate the plausible role of the formulation in combating COVID-19. Keywords: Arq Ajīb, COVID-19, Pudina, Ajwain, Camphor, Unani formulation

Small-scale solar thermal contaminated water purification is a promising green energy based decentralized process especially for rural area. The present work describes thermal performance estimation of a Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) suitable for contaminated water purification. Contaminated drain water is pressurized through a slow sand filter and PTC with glass cover enclosing a copper tube. The diameter of the copper tube was estimated as 26 mm and that of the glass cover was 50 mm. The rim angle and width of the parabola were 60° and 1.2 m respectively. The PTC focal length, concentration ratio, overall heat loss coefficient was 493.4 mm, 13.93 and 7.39 W/m2K respectively. The maximum modeled and experimental thermal efficiency were about 60% and 55% respectively. Around water flow rate of 0.002 kg/s and solar radiation 750 W/m2, both water temperature and useful heat gain were maximum. The exergetic efficiency of the system increases with the increase of inlet temperature of water for different solar intensity. The solar purified water had all other parameters within acceptable limit except residual chlorine (0.24 mg/L).

Molecular Dynamics simulation has been performed to study the effect of temperature on anti-cancer drug, carmustine, mediated by a graphene sheet. Root mean square deviation has been analysed at various temperatures, which is suggestive of the stability of the drug-graphene conjugate even at higher temperatures, although elevated diffusion of the drug at higher temperature has been observed as expected. Density functional theory is instrumental in determining the energetics of the drug action– from the generation of the active reacting species to the alkylation of DNA. By the energy profile, based on DFT, it is confirmed that it is the N7 site in guanine of the DNA major groove where the drug binds preferentially. The results provide a definitive insight into the release process as well as the effects of the chemotherapeutic carmustine drug and targets at generating a wholistic approach of drug-action.

Emergence of antimicrobial resistance, with practically all newly developed and even more potent antibiotics like carbapenem and colistin, has become a matter of great public health concern. A number of common diseases of public health importance are becoming harder and sometimes impossible to treat due to increased resistance of pathogens. These alarming threats seek prime attention of scientific community to develop newer antibiotics with long-lasting efficacy, least side effects, and low economic burden. Unani classical texts have enormous citations on different infectious diseases. Many single drugs and compound formulations are in vogue since ages for the treatment of infectious diseases. Use of Afaviya (spices), Mufarrehat (exhilarants), Tiryaqi Advia (drugs with antidote properties) and Sirka (vinegar) is highly advocated in treating various infectious diseases. Though, enormous research activities have been undertaken worldwide to explore and develop newer antibiotics from natural resources, indicating massive magnitude of natural products in treating various infectious diseases, however, the higher plants, still largely seems to be unexplored. Moreover, elaborated and well controlled clinical studies are still lacking to authenticate their clinical significance. Hence, a rigorous, well-designed & well-structured research is highly paramount to ascertain the provision of newer, relatively safe and cost effective natural antibiotics.

Degradation of 1,1-Dichlorodimethylether by NO3 radical in the troposphere has been modelled theoretically by employing Gaussian09 suite at BHandHLYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. Energies of all optimized electronic structures have been further refined at CCSD(T) method along with the same basis set to characterize stationary points on the potential energy surface including transition states. The rate constants of the titled reaction are obtained over the temperature range 200–450 K. Results show that H-abstraction is highly favourable for CHCl2 group of CH3OCHCl2. The atmospheric lifetime and global warming potential of the titled molecule have been reported. The thermal decomposition of CH3OC(O )Cl2 has also been explored.

In this manuscript, we have systematically depicted the theoretical prediction of H-absorption from methylcyclohexane initiated by OH radical. For this we have performed dual-level of quant...

The present work was to develop two simple UV spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous estimation of Carvedilol (CAR) in bulk and tablet dosage form and validate as per ICH guidelines. In this method the absorption maxima was scanned from 200 – 400 nm and the λmax was found to be 248 nm was selected for analysis of Carvedilol. Linearity was observed in the concentration range 1-12μg/ml (r2 =0.9992) for the method. The % assay for the marketed formulation for absorption maxima and area under the curve method was found to be 100.69% and 100.82% respectively. The methods were validated with respect to linearity, precision and accuracy studies. Recovery studies for absorption maxima, and area under the curve was found to be 99.3% and 100.89% respectively. The developed methods were validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, LOD and LOQ as per ICH guidelines. The method was found to be linear within the conc. Range of 1-12μg/ml for Carvedilol. The present method was found to be simple, linear, precise, accurate and sensitive and can be used for routine quality control analysis for the estimation of furosemide in bulk and tablet dosage form. Keywords: Carvedilol (CAR), UV-Spectroscopy, Method Development, Validation and ICH guidelines.

In this manuscript, OH-initiated gas phase reactions of 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene [CH2=C(CH3)CH2Cl] has been carried out by using density functional theory (DFT) method. We have chosen M06-2X hybrid density functional method along with 6-31 + G(d,p) basis set for optimisation and vibrational frequency calculations of all the relevant molecular species of the titled reaction. Energetic calculations have been further refined at CCSD(T) method along with cc-pVTZ basis set in order to obtain higher degree of precision of thermo-chemical and kinetic results. Energy profile is presented for all stationary points involved in the titled reaction and thermochemistry for all possible reaction channels (H-abstraction and OH-addition reactions) has been analysed. Canonical Transition State Theory (CTST) has been employed to determine the rate constants within the temperature range of 250–450 K and Our reported rate constant at 298 K are found to be close to the reported experimental rate constant. The atmospheric lifetime of the titled molecule has also been reported in this work. We have also reported standard enthalpies of formation of the titled molecule and generated product radicals by using group-balanced isodesmic reaction schemes.

Micro-organism has been man’s enemy and friend. Throughout recorded history micro-organisms have been used by man for various needs. They have used it for fermentation and production of antibiotics. In this present work we look at the growth of bacteria on vegetables and green leafy vegetables after they have been washed under regular tap water. The aim of the study is to identify the sources of contamination of the vegetables as well as to conform the growth of micro-organisms if any. This study helps us adopt preventive measures in containing the microbial growth and ensuring fresh vegetables for consumption. Keywords: Micro-Organism, Fermentation, Antibiotic, Contamination.