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In this paper, a study of the lightning phenomenon and its harmful effect on Aqaba Thermal Power Station (ATPS), located in the south-western border of Jordan, is presented using the Electromagnetic Transients Program – Alternative Transients Program (EMTP- ATP). This study has been arisen due to an installation need of appropriate lightning arresters (LAs) for the 15/410 kV step-up transformers of the ATPS to eliminate the destructive effect of lightning. The simulation is carried out for two cases, once without using LAs and once more with using them. Two scenarios are applied for each of these cases, once when lightning strikes the primary side of the transformer and once more when it strikes the secondary side. The results obtained by the simulation indicate the necessity of LAs installation. This study, with using the EMTP-ATP program, is done for the first time with additional details that help researchers, designers, and engineers to get a broad overview of the ATPS in order to protect it against lightning.

The harmonic impedance of the power system is an important quantity, which describes the behaviour of the power system with the existence of different frequencies beside the fundamental. The harmonic study belongs to the most difficult part of the electrical measurements and calculations even by using computer software. The main problem accompanying the calculating methods is to obtain the exact data of the electrical network parameters or to know the exact operational status of the system. In this paper the harmonic impedance of Frydlant (line 53, 22~kV in Czech Republic) power network was calculated by using a very specialized software and suitable for solving such calculations called "NetCalc. version 3.0" [1].

This paper presents an overview of how the lightning strikes and their effects on power distribution systems can be modeled, where the results give a clear picture of how to eliminate the devastating impact, caused by lightning, by using lightning arresters. The program ATP-Draw (Alternative Transient Program) was used to simulate the problem and was applied on a part of a power network. The simulation was done once when the lightning strikes a transmission line and a substation with no lightning arresters in use and once more with their use. The source of the lightning was represented by the ATP models (Type-15 surge function and Type-13 ramp function) and the surge arrester was represented by the MOV-Type 92 component. The voltage was recorded at the substation 110/22 kV and at all loads in the electric network, and was drawn by the PlotXW in program. The results obtained indicate that the voltages induced by the lightning can reach values of the order of millions over insulation flashover levels for 22 kV equipment, where is clearly seen in Fig. 9 to Fig. 13 and Tab. 10, which requires the installation of lightning arresters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]