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Linguistics is conspicuously absent from language teaching in UK schools. A‐level cultural topics cover a range of themes such as cyber‐society, cultural heritage and multiculturalism, but the approach taken to these topics is not informed by linguistics. In previous work, we have argued that this is an unfortunate omission not only because linguistics is appealing to many language students and perceived by them to be useful, but also because the existing cultural topics could be significantly enriched by the inclusion of the critical/analytical study of language itself. In this paper, we provide concrete examples of how linguistics can be integrated into the existing A‐level curriculum for Modern Foreign Languages (MFL) in England and Wales. Reporting on a project in which teachers trialled linguistics materials co‐created by us (a group of academics) and experienced languages teachers, we present evidence that linguistics materials are perceived to be both highly novel and nonetheless compatible with the existing A‐level curriculum. Data from questionnaires and semi‐structured interviews with participating teachers also show that: (i) these new materials can be taught with little or no prior experience of linguistics; and (ii) adding linguistics materials to the curriculum leads to significant impacts on teacher and pupil attitudes towards language(s). Despite some challenges, which we also discuss, the results highlight again the great potential of linguistics as a component of language teaching and the contribution that it can make to the enrichment of the discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the importance of studying multilingual grammars in order to understand the nature of linguistic capacity. It argues that most humans are multilingual, and therefore, the study of language should accommodate multilingualism. The article also explores the challenges associated with bringing multilingualism into syntactic theory and the need to understand monolingual grammars before studying multilingual grammars. It suggests that a scientific approach should be taken to investigate the extent to which the same grammatical architecture is used in both monolingual and multilingual speakers. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for theories that can handle inter and intraspeaker variation in multilingual contexts. [Extracted from the article]

Catalan, like Italian and French, displays (notwithstanding certain complications) a pattern in causatives under facere such that the causee can be realized as dative only where its complement is "transitive." We propose an analysis of this pattern based on Cyclic Agree. On our approach, transitivity‐sensitive dative arises where a probe agrees with a DP that requires case licensing, having previously probed (potentially defectively) a closer XP of any kind. Downward Cyclic Agree is possible, in this context, because neither goal c‐commands the other, which makes them both visible to a single higher probe. This model captures the basic transitivity‐sensitive pattern and the Strict Person–Case Constraint effects observed in this domain as well as the fact that dative is triggered not only by DPs requiring structural/dependent case but also by "defective interveners" (PPs, CPs, case‐marked DPs/clitics). We show that this Agree‐based account has potential advantages over competing dependent‐case approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research demonstrates that the autoinducer PHL mediating the induction of PHL, 2-4-diacetylphloroglucinol, and its corepressor salicylate physically interact with the PhlF repressor modulating PhlF binding to its operator sequence in Pseudomonas fluorescens F113.

Research has been conducted on the antifungal metabolite 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol. The role of this metabolite in biocontrol capabilities of Pseudomonas fluorescence is discussed.

Research was conducted to examine the characterization of the lytic module of an Streptococcus thermophilus bacteriophage consisting of three adjacent genes. The lysis module has a lysin gene, and two putative holin-encoding genes. Results based on Southern blotting experiments reveal that at least one of the three components of the lysis module is present in all members of a large collection of bacteriophages which suggest that the components are widespread among bacteriophages that infect S. thermophilus.