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A central assumption of neuroscience is that long-term memories are represented by the same brain areas that encode sensory stimuli1. Neurons in inferotemporal (IT) cortex represent the sensory percept of visual objects using a distributed axis code2-4. Whether and how the same IT neural population represents the long-term memory of visual objects remains unclear. Here we examined how familiar faces are encoded in the IT anterior medial face patch (AM), perirhinal face patch (PR) and temporal pole face patch (TP). In AM and PR we observed that the encoding axis for familiar faces is rotated relative to that for unfamiliar faces at long latency; in TP this memory-related rotation was much weaker. Contrary to previous claims, the relative response magnitude to familiar versus unfamiliar faces was not a stable indicator of familiarity in any patch5-11. The mechanism underlying the memory-related axis change is likely intrinsic to IT cortex, because inactivation of PR did not affect axis change dynamics in AM. Overall, our results suggest that memories of familiar faces are represented in AM and perirhinal cortex by a distinct long-latency code, explaining how the same cell population can encode both the percept and memory of faces.

Aiming at the problem of the degradation of concrete in freeze - thaw cycles, the pore formation and the consequent reinforcement corrosion in the degradation process were studied. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology was proposed to characterize the pore formation of concrete during the freeze - thaw cycle degradation, and the electrochemical workstation was used to study the development of reinforcement corrosion in the reinforced concrete in the process of above-mentioned degradation. Results showed that there were three peaks in T2 (relaxation value) spectrum of concrete during the freeze - thaw cycle degradation. The main peak area representing the micro cracks in the specimen accounted for about 80% of the total area. As the freeze - thaw cycle progressed, the area of the first peak (main peak) in T2 spectrum increased exponentially. Meanwhile, the relation between the corrosion current density and the number of freeze - thaw cycles was exponential, and the relation between corrosion current density and porosity was linear. After 175 cycles, the reinforcements of group A - 2 reached a medium corrosion state, while the specimens of group B - 2 were still in a low corrosion state, indicating that adding fly ash could improve the salt - freezing resistance of the concrete.

The study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of coronary intervention via distal transradial access (dTRA) in patients with low body mass index (BMI). A total of 67 patients with low BMI who underwent coronary intervention, comprising 29 patients via dTRA and 38 patients via conventional transradial access (cTRA), were retrospectively included. There was no significant difference in the puncture success rate between the two groups (dTRA 96.6%, cTRA 97.4%, P=0.846). Compared with the cTRA group, the success rate of one-needle puncture in the dTRA group was lower (51.7% vs. 81.6%, P=0.020). The compression haemostasis time in the dTRA group was shorter than that in the cTRA group (P

In this study, the DC and RF performances of multi fingered AlGaN/GaN are studied in simulation, and the DC and RF performance of the traditional T-gate HEMT and the multi-finger HEMT are compared.The reason for the performance difference is that the use of multi finger gate technology reduces the total parasitic capacitance and the total transit time of the carrier through the device compared to conventional T-gate devices, resulting in an increase in FT and Fmax. Based on the study of conventional AlGaN/GaN HEMT devices, an InAlN/GaN HEMT device with two-finger gate is designed. Due to the matching of InAlN and GaN lattice, the polarisation effect and carrier density of the heterojunction formed by InAlN and GaN are larger than those of conventional AlGaN/GaN heterojunction, which can ensure the device to have a larger output current while operating at high frequency. The results show that the peak FT and Fmax of the proposed InAlN/GaN HEMT are 239.5 GHz and 331.5 GHz, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract. Background:. The long-term predicted value of microvolt T-wave alternans (MTWA) for ventricular tachyarrhythmia in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) remains unclear. Our study explored the characteristics of MTWA and its prognostic value when combined with an electrophysiologic study (EPS) in patients with ARVC. Methods:. All patients underwent non-invasive MTWA examination with modified moving average (MMA) analysis and an EPS. A positive event was defined as the first occurrence of sudden cardiac death, documented sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation, or the administration of appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy including shock or anti-tachycardia pacing. Results:. Thirty-five patients with ARVC (age 38.6 ± 11.0 years; 28 males) with preserved left ventricular (LV) function were recruited. The maximal TWA value (MaxValt) was 17.0 (11.0–27.0) μV. Sustained VT was induced in 22 patients by the EPS. During a median follow-up of 99.9 ± 7.7 months, 15 patients had positive clinical events. When inducible VT was combined with the MaxValt, the area under the curve improved from 0.739 to 0.797. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that a MaxValt of 23.5 μV was the optimal cutoff value to identify positive events. The multivariate Cox regression model for survival showed that MTWA (MaxValt, hazard ratio [HR], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.11; P = 0.01) and inducible VT (HR, 5.98; 95% CI, 1.33–26.8; P = 0.01) independently predicted positive events in patients with ARVC. Conclusions:. MTWA assessment with MMA analysis complemented by an EPS might provide improved prognostic ability in patients with ARVC with preserved LV function during long-term follow-up.

This paper investigated the theory of the friction sliding isolation structure, The MoS2 solid lubricant was adopted as isolation bearing friction materials, A new sliding isolation bearing was designed and made. The formula of the friction factor and the compression stress was proposed.

Highly active supplementary cementitious materials ( SCM) were prepared using fly ash microspheres, granulated blast furnace slag and silica ash via mechanical activation-chemical activation method. The effects of multiple SCM activated by different methods on activity index and hydration products of mortar were studied. The effect of multiple SCM addition on the compressive strength and sulfate corrosion resistance of steamed concrete was discussed. The hydration products and pore structure of materials were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric method (TG-DSC) and mercury pressure method (MIP). The results show that by using multiple SCM to replace 30% (mass fraction) of cement, the 3 d, 7 d and 28 d activity index of mortar reach 137. 54%, 140. 06% and 143. 97% after steam curing treatment with resting for 6. 0 h and 90 curing for 4. 5 h, respectively. The porosity of the hardened paste is 6. 78%, and the decrease ratio of mortar fluidity is 3. 94%. When the resting time is 7. 5 h and the steam curing time at 90 is 4. 5 h, the compressive strength of concrete for 1 d increases by 17. 7% compared with cement group and the sulfate resistance coefficient of concrete increases by 5. 8%. When the resting time is 6. 0 h, and the steam curing time at 90 is 4. 5 h, 7. 0 h and 12. 5 h, the compressive strength of concrete for 1 d increases by 13. 4%, 16. 2% and 15. 3%, and the compressive strength for 7 d increases by 16. 3%, 16. 0% and 15. 2% compared with cement group, respectively. The sulfate corrosion resistance coefficient of concrete reaches 90. 1%. After the combined mechanical, chemical and hot steam high-temperature activation, the secondary reaction occurs between highly active components in SCM and Ca(OH)2 in cement, promoting the generation of calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) gel. Thus, it improves the performance of streamed concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molecular complexes with active metal centers exhibit high activity and selectivity for electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), which represents a promising method for transforming greenhouse gas into valuable chemicals and feedstock. Using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to load the active molecular complexes then employing the combination with the carbonic conducting material may exhibit a beneficial effect for CO2RR. Herein, we obtained a composite catalyst named PCN-222(Fe)/CNTs, which was in situ synthesized through the solvothermal method that loads iron porphyrin-centered PCN-222(Fe) molecules onto CNTs. The catalyst PCN-222(Fe)/CNTs exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance for CO2RR with a FECO of 95.5% (m(Fe-TCPP):m(CNTs) = 1:30, written as PCN-222(Fe)/CNTs-30) and an overpotential (η) of 494 mV. In addition, the turnover frequency (TOF) is high as 448.76 h−1 (3.011 site−1 s−1) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is indistinctive. After long-term electrocatalysis of 10 h at −0.6 V vs. RHE, PCN-222(Fe)/CNTs-30 remained its high catalytic performance with average FECO = 90%. This work provides a solid foundation for further research in the high-efficiency transformation of CO2 to CO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve phosphorus (P) uptake efficiency and high yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus) on 2 soil types (yellow-brown earth and acid purplish sandy soil) with low soil P availability, P fertilizer application scheme were studied based on characteristics of soil, fertilizer and rapeseed varieties. Cultivars Zhongshuang 11 (ZS11) and Shengguang 168 (SG168) were investigated on effects of single superphosphate (SSP), diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and calcium-magnesium phosphate (CMP) on seedling growth, yield, yield-related traits, P uptake and physiological P use efficiency by pot experiments. Results showed that application of P fertilizer significantly promoted plant growth, increased the number of primary branches and siliques per plant, and finally increased seed yield as compared with control of without P. The plant growth of both cultivars on acid purplish sandy soil were significantly better than those on yellow-brown earth in the control. Under the same fertilizer treatment, plant growth of both cultivars on yellow-brown earth were better than those on acid purplish sandy soil, and seed yield of SG168 was significantly higher than that of ZS11 on yellow-brown earth. The seed yield of both cultivars grown on yellow-brown earth treated with DAP and grown on acid purplish sandy soil treated with CMP were the highest among all the treatments with the same soil. In addition, P uptake efficiency of SG168 was higher than that of ZS11 treated with the same fertilizer in the same soil. DAP and DAP or SSP were recommended to apply to cultivar ZS11 and cultivar SG168 grown on yellow-brown earth, respectively. CMP was recommended to apply to both cultivars on acid purplish sandy soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]