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In this short review definition, mechanism, and recent developments of the Stetter reaction, in the period last ten years from 2011 to 2021 are presented. This reaction comprises N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed umpolung of aldehydes followed by their capturing with activated carbon-carbon double bonds (Michael acceptors). This work includes also progresses in the inter-molecular and intra-molecular versions and enantioselective transformations. Underscoring the recent advances in the applications of Stetter reaction in the synthesis of various heterocyclic systems and total synthesis of natural products have been also introduced.

Stopping power due to collisions ions with free and bound electrons in a plasma targets, is analyzed dependent on the classical-Bohr and quantized-Bloch for different temperatures. The energy loss and stopping power of ions calculated by using dielectric formalism ∈ − 1 ( q , q → ⋅ v → ) and study different affects plasma parameters on the movement ions channeling in plasma target, at low (1, 1.5) eV and high (103) eV temperatures, density (ne=1020 ) cm–3 and Debye length (λD = 0.2) a.u. The results are obtained for dielectric function equation. Showed the sopping power and energy loss dependent on the plasma parameters and movement ions increases about 30%.