Search

Your search keyword '"Shaw, James A."' showing total 3,902 results
Start Over Author "Shaw, James A."
3,902 results on '"Shaw, James A."'

7. Hypoglycaemia Prevention, Awareness of Symptoms, and Treatment (HypoPAST): protocol for a 24-week hybrid type 1 randomised controlled trial of a fully online psycho-educational programme for adults with type 1 diabetes

Author

Halliday, Jennifer A., Holmes-Truscott, Elizabeth, Thuraisingam, Sharmala, Søholm, Uffe, Chatterton, Mary Lou, Russell-Green, Sienna, O, Eric, Andrikopoulos, Sof, Black, Taryn, Davidson, Susan, Noonan, Glen, Scibilia, Renza, Hagger, Virginia, Hendrieckx, Christel, Mihalopoulos, Cathrine, Shaw, James A. M., Versace, Vincent L., Zoungas, Sophia, Skinner, Timothy C., and Speight, Jane

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. The effects of maturity status and resistance training on golf swing performance in youth golfers

Author

Shaw, James

Subjects
Sports science and exercise not elsewhere classified, growth, maturation, golf, strength, resistance training, power
Abstract

Golf is a sport that requires a technical, tactical, psychological and physiological mastery to achieve success. Club head speed (CHS) is a key factor in determining scoring in golf and can be enhanced through strength and conditioning. However, which physical qualities relate to CHS and how trainable they are in response to resistance training in talented youth golfers was unknown. Using a novel questionnaire, Chapter 3 showed golf coaches were generally in support of strength and conditioning for youth golfers, yet lacked awareness on current youth training guidelines, highlighting the need for more evidence-informed coach education. The TrackMan® launch monitor is customarily used in golf coaching and research. Chapter 4 reported acceptable within- and between-session reliability for CHS, ball speed, carry distance and total distance variables, enabling coaches to identify talent and monitor longitudinal changes in golf swing performance. Chapter 5 revealed that more skilled golfers were: more mature, able to hit the ball further, produce more isometric peak force and dynamic peak power, jump further, and produce better movement competency. Additionally, maturity status explained a larger amount of variance in CHS and carry distance than handicap, while of the physical fitness variables measured, CMJ absolute peak power and IMTP absolute peak force explained 6-iron and driver CHS and carry distance. These findings will enable training programmes to target key strength and power variables to enhance golf swing performance in youth golfers. Chapter 6 showed that following a 12-week resistance training programme, there were significant interaction effects in favour of the experimental group (versus a maturity-matched control group) for 6-iron and driver carry distance, isometric peak force and dynamic peak power, horizontal and lateral jump distance, and movement competency. Collectively, these findings highlight the trainability of strength and power in youth golfers, which should contribute to enhanced golf swing performance.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Renal safety of critical care sedation with sevoflurane: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Taylor, Ben, Scott, Timothy E., Shaw, James, and Chockalingam, Nachiappan

Subjects
Medical research -- Comparative analysis -- Safety and security measures, Medicine, Experimental -- Comparative analysis -- Safety and security measures, Sevoflurane -- Safety and security measures -- Comparative analysis, Anesthetics -- Safety and security measures -- Comparative analysis, Fluorides -- Safety and security measures -- Comparative analysis, Health
Abstract

Volatile anesthetic agents are increasingly widely used for critical care sedation. There are concerns that sevoflurane presents a risk of renal injury when used in this role. RCTs comparing the use of critical care sevoflurane sedation with any control in humans were systematically identified using MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, web of Science, and CINAHL (until May 2022), if they presented comparative data on renal function or serum inorganic fluoride levels. Pooled SMDs (95% CI) were calculated where possible after assessment of quality with GRADE and risk of bias with ROB-2. Eight studies analyzing 793 patients were included. The median duration of use of critical care sevoflurane sedation was 4.8 [IQR 3.5-9.2] hours; however, most trials also included a period of prior intraoperative use. No significant difference was found in serum creatinine at 1 day (SMD 0.05, 95% CI - 0.12 to 0.21), 48 h (SMD = - 0.04; 95% Cl - 0.25 to 0.17), 72 h (SMD = - 0.15; 95% CI - 0.45 to 0.15), and at discharge (SMD = - 0.1; 95% CI - 0.3 to 0.13) between the sevoflurane group and the control groups. Creatinine clearance was measured in two studies at 48 h with no significant difference (SMD = - 0.13; 95% Cl - 0.38 to 0.11). Levels of serum inorganic fluoride were significantly elevated in patients where sevoflurane was used. Sevoflurane was not associated with renal failure when used for critical care sedation of fewer than 72-h duration, despite the elevation of serum fluoride. Longer-term studies are currently inadequate, including in patients with compromised renal function, to further evaluate the role of sevoflurane in this setting. Trial registration PROSPERO (CRD42022333099), Author(s): Ben Taylor [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.4], Timothy E. Scott [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.4], James Shaw [sup.2] [sup.3], Nachiappan Chockalingam [sup.4] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/03g47g866, grid.439752.e, 0000 0004 0489 5462, Department of [...]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. Preventing severe hypoglycemia in adults with type 2 diabetes (PHT2): Design, delivery and evaluation framework for a randomized controlled trial

Author

Ralston, James D., Anderson, Melissa, Ng, Janet, Bashir, Ayat, Ehrlich, Kelly, Burns-Hunt, Dena, Cotton, Meredith, Hansell, Laurel, Hsu, Clarissa, Hunt, Helen, Karter, Andrew J., Levy, Shaula M., Ludman, Evette, Madziwa, Lawrence, Omura, Emily M., Rogers, Kristine, Sevey, Brandie, Shaw, James A.M., Shortreed, Susan M., Singh, Umesh, Speight, Jane, Sweeny, Amber, Tschernisch, Katherine, Sergei Tschernisch, S., and Yarborough, Laura

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. Restoring normal islet mass and function in type 1 diabetes through regenerative medicine and tissue engineering

Author

Krentz, Nicole AJ, Shea, Lonnie D, Huising, Mark O, and Shaw, James AM

Subjects
Medical Biotechnology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Diabetes, Regenerative Medicine, Autoimmune Disease, Stem Cell Research, Transplantation, 5.2 Cellular and gene therapies, Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Metabolic and endocrine, Quality Education, Animals, Cell Count, Cell Proliferation, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, History, 21st Century, Humans, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Islets of Langerhans, Islets of Langerhans Transplantation, Regeneration, Tissue Engineering, Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Clinical sciences, Medical biochemistry and metabolomics
Abstract

Type 1 diabetes is characterised by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cell mass. With the advent of insulin therapy a century ago, type 1 diabetes changed from a progressive, fatal disease to one that requires lifelong complex self-management. Replacing the lost β-cell mass through transplantation has proven successful, but limited donor supply and need for lifelong immunosuppression restricts widespread use. In this Review, we highlight incremental advances over the past 20 years and remaining challenges in regenerative medicine approaches to restoring β-cell mass and function in type 1 diabetes. We begin by summarising the role of endocrine islets in glucose homoeostasis and how this is altered in disease. We then discuss the potential regenerative capacity of the remaining islet cells and the utility of stem cell-derived β-like cells to restore β-cell function. We conclude with tissue engineering approaches that might improve the engraftment, function, and survival of β-cell replacement therapies.

Published
2021

44. Second-order discontinuous Galerkin flood model: comparison with industry-standard finite volume models

Author

Ayog, Janice Lynn, Kesserwani, Georges, Shaw, James, Sharifian, Mohammad Kazem, and Bau, Domenico

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

Finite volume (FV) numerical solvers of the two-dimensional shallow water equations are core to industry-standard flood models. The second-order Discontinuous Galerkin (DG2) alternative, although a viable way forward to improve current FV-based flood models, is yet under-studied and rarely used to support flood modelling applications. This paper systematically explores and compares the predictive properties of a robust DG2 flood model to those of prominent FV-based industrial flood models. To identify the simplest and most efficient DG2 configuration suitable for flood inundation modelling, two variants - with and without local slope limiting - are considered. The numerical conservation properties of the DG2 variants are compared to those of a first-order FV (FV1) and a second-order FV (FV2) counterparts. The DG2 variants are then tested over five realistic flooding scenarios, recommended by the UK Environment Agency to validate 2D flood model capabilities, while comparing their performance against that of four FV-based commercial models (i.e. TUFLOW-FV1, TUFLOW-FV2, TUFLOW-HPC and Infoworks ICM). Results reveal that the DG2 variant without local limiting (DG2-NL) is capable to simulate shockless flood flows featured in a wide range of flood modelling applications. The DG2-NL shows closer predictions to commercial model outputs at twice-coarser spatial resolution, and can run twice faster to produce more informative hydrograph with small-scale transients over long-range simulations, even when the sampling is far away from the flooding source.

Published
2020

50. Hierarchical self-assembly pathways to colloidal open crystals

Author

Shaw, James

Subjects
QD Chemistry
Abstract

The self-assembly of colloidal particles provides promising bottom-up routes to three-dimensional structures from simple building blocks. Colloidal open crystals are periodic ordered structures composed of low-coordinated colloidal particles, thus having a maximum density less than what is achieved at close packing. The study of colloidal open crystals has drawn much interest in recent years because of their attractive photonic, phononic and mechanical properties, giving rise to a variety of potential applications. This thesis extensively uses Brownian dynamics simulations of triblock patchy particles, complemented by a global optimisation method for structure prediction, to establish the versatility of a hierarchical self-assembly scheme encoded in triblock patchy particles to realise a variety of colloidal open crystals via colloidal molecules. The scheme employs a hierarchy of patch-patch interactions programmed into designer triblock patchy particles and tunes the range of these interactions along with the patch sizes. The key to the success of this bottom-up route to yield colloidal crystals is the self-limiting growth of small colloidal clusters, known as colloidal molecules, in the first stage of assembly. The thesis presents a detailed analysis of crystallisation pathways into a variety of colloidal open crystals, namely body-centred cubic, simple cubic and tetrastack crystals and explores any bias towards the cubic or hexagonal polymorph in the case of the tetrastack crystal. In the light of the synthetic realisability of triblock patchy particles and the versatility of the hierarchical self-assembly pathways established here, it is envisaged that the present body of work will underpin novel routes to colloidal open crystals.

Published
2020

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results