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2. The High Lonesome (Novel) ; The dispossessed self : how formative treatments of place explore the human interior from Pope's Grotto to Palestine (Critical Essay)

Author

Sharp, T., Feaver, J., and Hay, D.

Subjects
Creative writing, Alexander Pope, Susan Abulhawa, Austerlitz, Frankenstein in Baghdad, Mornings in Jenin, W.G. Sebald, Pope's grotto, Snake handling, Appalachia, Flaneur, Psychogeography, Post-colonialism, Ahmed Saadawi, Formative treatment of place
Abstract

Novel: The High Lonesome. Daniel is lonely, repressed, and 33: the same age as Jesus, people keep reminding him. Ostensibly poised for a dry research trip to investigate slavery's effect on religion's global evolution, he is about to escape his dismal London life and encounter the wild new possibilities of America's Deep South. In truth, though, some darker, invisible pull is at work inside Daniel. He is speeding involuntarily towards his American fate. The High Lonesome follows Daniel's pursuit of a strange obsession with some half-remembered 'Other', a 'double' torn from him in an obscured corner of childhood. Bea, a girl he meets in a Louisiana graveyard by a chicken processing plant, leads him North, to the snake-handling and strychnine-drinking churches of Pentecostal fundamentalism in the Appalachian Mountains. Critical Essay: This essay uses Alexander Pope's grotto as a template with which to explore formative treatments of place in three contemporary novels. Austerlitz (Sebald), Mornings in Jenin (Abulhawa) and Frankenstein in Baghdad (Saadawi) use place to question and reinterpret senses of the self within our perceived physical contexts, and demonstrate ways in which place can lend new significance to reality itself. Each of these progressively fundamental, paradigmatic challenges is set in a real, geographical location that has been robbed of permanence, substantiality or protection, and questions whether it is possible to reject and replace the fixed, entrapping nature of our physical circumstances. I will show how these formative approaches to place explore the possibility that our notions of essence or significance can be found housed within ephemeral, or transient contexts, as antidotes to our usual perceptions of more tangible or physical embodiments of meaning. Pope's grotto, central as it is to my remembered childhood landscape, interweaves the essay as an instigator and ghostly extender of this formative tradition, and is shown to serve as an influence on my own novel writing process.

Published
2021

3. Pricing FX Options under Intermediate Currency

Author

Maurer, S., Sharp, T. E., and Tretyakov, M. V.

Subjects
Quantitative Finance - Mathematical Finance, Mathematics - Probability, Quantitative Finance - Pricing of Securities, 91G20
Abstract

We suggest an intermediate currency approach that allows us to price options on all FX markets simultaneously under the same risk-neutral measure which ensures consistency of FX option prices across all markets. In particular, it is sufficient to calibrate a model to the volatility smile on the domestic market as, due to the consistency of pricing formulas, the model automatically reproduces the correct smile for the inverse pair (the foreign market). We first consider the case of two currencies and then the multi-currency setting. We illustrate the intermediate currency approach by applying it to the Heston and SABR stochastic volatility models, to the model in which exchange rates are described by an extended skewed normal distribution, and also to the model-free approach of option pricing, Comment: An updated version with changes through out and an additional calibration example

Published
2019

5. Solving the High-Intensity Multimodal Training Prescription Puzzle: A Systematic Mapping Review.

Author

Sharp, T, Slattery, K, Coutts, AJ, van Gogh, M, Ralph, L, Wallace, L, Sharp, T, Slattery, K, Coutts, AJ, van Gogh, M, Ralph, L, and Wallace, L

Abstract

BACKGROUND: High-Intensity Multimodal Training (HIMT) refers to all styles of high-intensity combined aerobic, resistance and/or bodyweight exercise. Previous heterogeneity in exercise prescription and reporting in HIMT reduces the understanding of which factors should be considered when prescribing HIMT (e.g., exercise volume, intensity, duration). Previous studies have demonstrated positive effects of HIMT on health and performance outcomes. However, methodological disparities limit comparisons between findings. The objective of this systematic mapping review was to examine which prescriptive considerations and health and performance outcomes have been reported on in HIMT. This review also examined the quantity and trends of research conducted on HIMT. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using Ovid Medline, SPORTDiscus and Cochrane Library databases and additional sources to identify studies up until February 2023. A total of 37,090 records were retrieved, of which 220 were included for review. 246 individual HIMT protocols were included for categorical analysis against the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT) and Applied Research Model for the Sport Sciences (ARMSS). RESULTS: A total of 85 unique terms were used to describe HIMT. Included studies most commonly prescribed HIMT using a consistent exercise selection and circuit format. Exercise intensity was inconsistently reported on and a large proportion of studies prescribed 'high-intensity' exercise at a level lower than the American College of Sports Medicine criteria for high-intensity (i.e., < 77% heart rate maximum). Participation location, supervision and participation format were the most commonly reported non-training variables. The most frequently reported outcomes were cardiovascular health, perceptual outcomes, body composition and biochemical outcomes. A large proportion of previous HIMT research was experimental in design. CONCLUSIONS: Previous HIMT research demonstrates

Published
2024

7. Encounters of culture, heritage and development : exploring global connection in Sierra Leone

Author

Zetterstrom Sharp, T. J., Basu, P., and Butler, B.

Subjects
930
Abstract

This thesis examines the relationships emerging between culture, heritage and development in Sierra Leone. The concept of ‘culture for development’ is increasingly influential as a framework for intervention in both development and heritage work. However, it has so far received limited critical attention. Using a multi-­‐sited ethnographic approach, this research traces the complexities and contradictions that transpire as Sierra Leone’s cultural sector attempts to establish its position within the country’s future. ‘Culture for development’ emerges from a recognition that intervention has historically failed to respond to local contexts. This thesis proposes that in Sierra Leone, such an agenda is obscured by wider political, professional and personal concerns over the role of the past within a context of aspirational change and transformation.

Published
2013

9. The Role of Solar Wind Hydrogen in Space Weathering: Insights from Laboratory-Irradiated Northwest Africa 12008

Author

Shusterman, M. L, Sharp, T. G, Robinson, M. S, Rahman, Z, Keller, L. P, Dukes, C. A, Bu, C, and Roldan, M. A

Subjects
Space Sciences (General)
Abstract

Micrometeoroid impacts, solar wind plasma interactions, and regolith gardening drive the complicated and nuanced mechanism of space weathering (or optical maturation); a process by which a material’s optical properties are changed as a result of chemical and physical alterations at the surface of grains on airless bodies. Reddened slopes, attenuated absorption bands, and an overall reduction in albedo in the visible and near-IR wavelength ranges are primarily the result of native iron nanoparticle (npFe0) production within glassy rims that form from sputtering and vaporization. The sizes and abundance of these particles provide information about the relative surface exposure age of a particular grain. In addition, many studies have indicated that composition greatly affects the rate at which optical maturation occurs. Despite our understanding of how npFe0 affects optical signatures, the relative roles of micrometeoroid bombardment and solar wind interactions remains undetermined. To simulate the early effects of weathering by the solar wind and to determine thresholds for optical change with respect to a given mineral phase, we irradiated a fine-grained lunar basalt with 1 keV H+ to a fluence of 6.4 x 1016 H+ per sq.cm. Surface alterations within four phases have been evaluated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We found that for a given fluence of H+, the extent of damage acquired by each grain was dependent on its composition. No npFe(0) was produced in any of the phases evaluated in this study. These results are consistent with many previous studies conducted using ions of similar energy, but they also provide valuable information about the onset of space weathering and the role of the solar wind during the early stages of optical maturation.

Published
2020

12. Exploring the moderating role of sex between perceived social support and (complex) posttraumatic stress symptom severity in a multi-country sample

Author

Otero, N.E. Fares, Sharp, T., Balle, S.R., Quaatz, S.M., Vieta, E., Åhs, F., Allgaier, A.K., Arévalo, A., Bachem, R., Belete, H., Belete, T., Berzengi, A., Capraz, N., Ceylan, D., Dukes, D., Essadek, A., Iqbal, N., Jobson, L., Levy-Gigi, E., Lüönd, A., Martin-Soelch, C., Michael, T., Oe, M., Olff, M., Örnkloo, H., Prakash, K., Ramakrishnan, M., Raghavan, V., Şar, V., Seedat, S., Shihab, I. Najm, Spies, G., SusilKumar, V., Wadji, D.L., Wamser-Nanney, R., Haim-Nachum, S., Schnyder, U., Sopp, M.R., Pfaltz, M.C., and Halligan, S.L.

Published
2024
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14. Exploring subjective responses in high-intensity multimodal training: an online cross-sectional survey.

Author

Sharp, T, Grandou, C, Coutts, AJ, Wallace, L, Sharp, T, Grandou, C, Coutts, AJ, and Wallace, L

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate exercise enjoyment in high-intensity multimodal training (HIMT) in current and previous HIMT participants and identify factors associated with HIMT that mediate exercise enjoyment and motivation. DESIGN AND SETTING: A 124-item web-based survey was distributed to a cross-sectional voluntary convenience sample from August to the end of September 2021. PARTICIPANTS: Global current and previous HIMT participants. RESULTS: The final sample included 469 responses (completion rate: 61.6%). Among eligible respondents (n=434), 379 were current HIMT participants, 55 were previous HIMT participants. Current participants demonstrated high enjoyment (Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale). The most frequently reported reasons for increased enjoyment and motivation to continue HIMT in current participants included (1) it keeps me fit, (2) training in a group and (3) variety in a session. The most frequently reported reasons for reduced motivation to continue HIMT among previous HIMT participants included (1) other (injury, COVID-19 restrictions, low motivation, personal preferences), (2) work commitments and (3) I started another type of sport, exercise or training. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that HIMT is an enjoyable training method among current participants. The most commonly reported reasons for increased enjoyment and motivation were associated with the combined training method and the group environment. Reasons for reduced motivation to continue HIMT among previous HIMT participants may be related to commonly reported barriers to exercise and personal factors.

Published
2023

21. Insulin-like growth factor I reduces human-like coronary atherosclerosis

Author

Sukhanov, S, primary, Higashi, Y, additional, Yoshida, T, additional, Danchuk, S, additional, Alfortish, M, additional, Goodchild, T, additional, Scarboroogh, A, additional, Sharp, T, additional, Schumacher, J, additional, Sindi, F, additional, Bowles, D, additional, Ivy, J, additional, Tharp, D, additional, Rozenbaum, Z, additional, Jenkins, J, additional, Garcia, D, additional, Lefer, D, additional, Kolls, J, additional, and Delafontaine, P, additional

Published
2023
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27. The Effects of High-Intensity Multimodal Training in Apparently Healthy Populations: A Systematic Review.

Author

Sharp, T, Grandou, C, Coutts, AJ, Wallace, L, Sharp, T, Grandou, C, Coutts, AJ, and Wallace, L

Abstract

BACKGROUND: High-intensity multimodal training (HIMT) is emerging as a popular training method that combines aerobic and resistance training throughout a single exercise session. The current literature is limited by a lack of terminology that broadly encompasses all styles of combined aerobic and resistance training. The magnitude of chronic or long-term (i.e. ≥ 4 weeks) effects of HIMT participation on aerobic and muscular fitness also remains unclear. Additionally, one of many complex reasons for the growing popularity of HIMT may be attributed to the affective response to exercise, namely levels of enjoyment. However, this concept is not yet well understood across all styles of HIMT. A comprehensive systematic review is required to synthesise the available literature and attempt to provide an operational definition of HIMT to capture the breadth of combined training styles that exist. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review was to determine the chronic effects of HIMT participation on aerobic and muscular fitness and to compare HIMT to established concurrent training methods. Enjoyability and other adherence-related subjective responses were also examined in HIMT participants. This review critically assessed the level of evidence and feasibility of current HIMT guidelines. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus to identify studies up until March 2021. RESULTS: A total of 20 studies were included for review. Studies generally reported moderate to large effects on aerobic fitness and subjective responses in favour of HIMT interventions. Mixed outcomes were demonstrated in muscular fitness. These results should be treated with caution due to high risk of bias among included studies. CONCLUSIONS: Few studies have assessed the chronic effects of HIMT participation on aerobic, and musculoskeletal adaptations and subjective responses, in particular exercise enjoyment. Research conclusions are limited b

Published
2022

34. Perioperative management of diabetes in elective patients: a region-wide audit†

Author

Jackson, M. J., Patvardhan, C., Wallace, F., Martin, A., Yusuff, H., Briggs, G., Malik, R. A., Ahmed, I, Anipindi, S, Ansari, M, Arnot-Smith, J, Babatunde, S, Ballantyne, J, Bansal, S, Bhatia, K, Buckland, S, Burdis, G, Burnand, C, Butler, K, Chitgopkar, S, Clarke, T, Collins, K, Cooper, L, Cross, C, Cunningham, J, Drummond, A, Duncan, A, Dyson, G, Ferris, D, Gani, A, Gurung, S, Hafiz-Ur-Rehman, R, Hajimichael, P, Hannigan, J, Harding, S, Heaton, T, Holden, S, Hool, A, Howel, R, Hudson, S, Humphries, J, Imran, S, Ivatt, L, Keating, G, Khoo, K, Kinagi, Kitchen, G, Knowles, S, Laha, S, Leech, M, Lewis, H, Li Wan Po, J, Lie, J, Martin, F, McKie, A, McTavish, A, Melachuri, K, Mullender, J, Murphy, C, Natarajan, A, Nethercott, D, Oldridge, J, Parkes, A, Pettit, J, Rajan, J, Rennie, G, Ruane, S, Rungta, A, Sanjoy, B, Sharma, N, Sharp, T, Sinha, A, Smith, R, Townley, Z, Tran, S, Walton, L, Waqar-Uddin, H, White, S, Whitehead, T, Williams, J, Wilson, J, Wood, S, and Ziaei, H

Published
2016
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36. Femtosecond broadband absorption spectroscopy of photodissociating molecules

Author

Glownia, J., Misewich, J., Walkup, R., Kaschke, M., Sorokin, P., Schäfer, F. P., Walther, H., Shin, S. K., Chen, Y., Böhmer, E., Wittig, C., Magni, V., De Silvestri, S., Cybo-Ottone, A., Nisoli, M., Svelto, O., Bor, Z., Horváth, Z. L., Elsaesser, T., Kaiser, W., Wilhelmi, B., Szatmári, S., Tittel, F. K., Hofmann, T., Sharp, T. E., Wisoff, P. J., Wilson, W. L., Szabó, G., Letokhov, V. S., Beutel, V., Bhale, G., Demtröder, W., Eckel, H. -A, Gress, J., Kuhn, M., Richter, W., Svanberg, S., Neusser, H. J., Riedel, E., Weber, T., Schlag, E. W., Kuhl, J., Klingenstein, M., Lambsdorff, M., Rosenzweig, J., Moglestue, C., Axmann, A., von der Linde, D., zu Putlitz, G., R. Beau, M., and Stuke, Michael, editor

Published
1992
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39. An assessment of animal welfare impacts in wild Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) management

Author

Baker, SE, primary, Ayers, M, additional, Beausoleil, NJ, additional, Belmain, SR, additional, Berdoy, M, additional, Buckle, AP, additional, Cagienard, C, additional, Cowan, D, additional, Fearn-Daglish, J, additional, Goddard, P, additional, Golledge, HDR, additional, Mullineaux, E, additional, Sharp, T, additional, Simmons, A, additional, and Schmolz, E, additional

Published
2022
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43. Psilocin acutely alters sleep-wake architecture and cortical brain activity in laboratory mice

Author

Thomas, CW, Blanco-Duque, C, Bréant, BJ, Goodwin, GM, Sharp, T, Bannerman, DM, and Vyazovskiy, VV

Subjects
Pharmacology, Brain, Electroencephalography, Molecular neuroscience, Psilocybin, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Mental health, Mice, Animals, Humans, Sleep Deprivation, Wakefulness, Sleep, Biological Psychiatry
Abstract

Serotonergic psychedelic drugs, such as psilocin (4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine), profoundly alter the quality of consciousness through mechanisms which are incompletely understood. Growing evidence suggests that a single psychedelic experience can positively impact long-term psychological well-being, with relevance for the treatment of psychiatric disorders, including depression. A prominent factor associated with psychiatric disorders is disturbed sleep, and the sleep-wake cycle is implicated in the homeostatic regulation of neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity. However, it remains largely unknown to what extent psychedelic agents directly affect sleep, in terms of both acute arousal and homeostatic sleep regulation. Here, chronic electrophysiological recordings were obtained in mice to track sleep-wake architecture and cortical activity after psilocin injection. Administration of psilocin led to delayed REM sleep onset and reduced NREM sleep maintenance for up to approximately 3 h after dosing, and the acute EEG response was associated primarily with an enhanced oscillation around 4 Hz. No long-term changes in sleep-wake quantity were found. When combined with sleep deprivation, psilocin did not alter the dynamics of homeostatic sleep rebound during the subsequent recovery period, as reflected in both sleep amount and EEG slow-wave activity. However, psilocin decreased the recovery rate of sleep slow-wave activity following sleep deprivation in the local field potentials of electrodes targeting the medial prefrontal and surrounding cortex. It is concluded that psilocin affects both global vigilance state control and local sleep homeostasis, an effect which may be relevant for its antidepressant efficacy.

Published
2021

46. Electrophysiological effects

Author

Liu, Chuan-gui, Liu, Qing-song, He, Xiang-ping, Vidal, C., Weaver, W. R., Chiappinelli, V. A., Sorenson, Eva M., Gallagher, Joel P., Hajós, M., Sharp, T., Engberg, G., Nisell, M., Nomikos, G. G., Hertel, P., Svensson, T. H., Abdulla, F. A., Calaminici, M.-R., Wonnacott, S., Gray, J. A., Sinden, J. D., Stephenson, J. D., Jansson, B., editor, Jörnvall, H., editor, Rydberg, U., editor, Terenius, L., editor, Vallee, B. L., editor, Clarke, Paul Brian Sydenham, editor, Quik, Maryka, editor, Thurau, Klaus, editor, and Adlkofer, Franz, editor

Published
1994
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