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ObjectiveApolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) is a low-abundance plasma protein that modulates triacylglycerol homeostasis. Gene transfer studies were undertaken in apoa5 (-/-) mice to define the mechanism underlying the correlation between the single-nucleotide polymorphism c.553G>T in APOA5 and hypertriglyceridemia.Approach and resultsAdeno-associated virus (AAV) 2/8-mediated gene transfer of wild-type apoA-V induced a dramatic lowering of plasma triacylglycerol in apoa5 (-/-) mice, whereas AAV2/8-Gly162Cys apoA-V (corresponding to the c.553G>T single-nucleotide polymorphism: rs2075291; p.Gly185Cys when numbering includes signal sequence) had a modest effect. Characterization studies revealed that plasma levels of wild-type and G162C apoA-V in transduced mice were similar and within the physiological range. Fractionation of plasma from mice transduced with AAV2/8-G162C apoA-V indicated that, unlike wild-type apoA-V, >50% of G162C apoA-V was recovered in the lipoprotein-free fraction. Nonreducing SDS-PAGE immunoblot analysis provided evidence that G162C apoA-V present in the lipoprotein-free fraction, but not that portion associated with lipoproteins, displayed altered electrophoretic mobility consistent with disulfide-linked heterodimer formation. Immunoprecipitation followed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry of human plasma from subjects homozygous for wild-type APOA5 and c.553G>T APOA5 revealed that G162C apoA-V forms adducts with extraneous plasma proteins including fibronectin, kininogen-1, and others.ConclusionsSubstitution of Cys for Gly at position 162 of mature apoA-V introduces a free cysteine that forms disulfide bonds with plasma proteins such that its lipoprotein-binding and triacylglycerol-modulation functions are compromised.

Use of alternative sources of nutrients such organic manures, residues and by-products to chemical fertilizers may enhance not only the yield but cut down the fertilizers use. Therefore, present investigation was carried out to explore the possibility of using rice husk ash (RHA) as a source of phosphorus in potato crop. Two pot experiments were conducted on Kufri Jyoti and Kufri Girdhari to determine the effect of rice husk ash on phosphorus nutrition of the crop during 2020-21. Application of rice husk ash (RHA) significantly increased the plant height, haulms (leaf plus stem) biomass, root weight, chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and P content. In Kufri Jyoti, application of 20g RHA per pot significantly increased haulms biomass, tuber yield, relative leaf chlorophyll content and P content in haulms by 17.8 per cent over control. In Kufri Girdhari, application of 40g RHA/pot also increased the P content by (14.6 %) in haulms over control besides significant increase in haulm yield, root mass and relative leaf chlorophyll content. It was observed that subjecting the crop to moisture stress by withholding the irrigation towards harvest, senescence was delayed in plants fertilized with rice husk ash. RHA application showed a significant and positive correlation with root length and tuber yield (r=0.70). The results of the present study revealed that RHA can be used as a source of phosphorus for potato crop and has potential to improve water relations and nitrogen nutrition as indicated by improved relative leaf chlorophyll content in plants fertilized with RHA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Groundwater is extensively used for irrigation in the Doaba region of Punjab, where it supports the cultivation of various crops, including potatoes. This region relies heavily on chemical fertilizers and pesticides for growing different crops, which pose a dual threat by potentially degrading groundwater quality and depleting its reserves. To address these concerns, a survey-based investigation was conducted to evaluate the quality of irrigation water and assess potato tuber yields. It was observed that farmers are drawing groundwater from borewells with an average depth of 254.0 feet, and the water is delivered from a depth of 145.67 feet. The analytical results showed that all the groundwater samples tested were suitable for irrigation. Additionally, a significant positive correlation was found between potato tuber yield and the nitrate content of the groundwater. Consequently, it is essential to factor in the nitrate contribution from groundwater when making recommendations for nitrogen usage in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]