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Background: Heat-related illnesses (HRIs) are a significant public health concern, particularly in regions experiencing extreme temperatures. This observational study aims to evaluate the clinical, hematological, and biochemical spectrum of HRIs and identify prognostic markers, providing insights into mitigating their impact in Northwestern India. Methods: We conducted a hospital-based observational study involving 23 patients diagnosed with HRIs at Sawai Man Singh (SMS) Hospital, Jaipur, from May 31 to June 30, 2024. Adults over 18 years with clinical, hematological, and biochemical diagnoses of HRIs were included, while those with hyperthermia due to infections or drug use were excluded. Data were collected using a prestructured proforma that covered a comprehensive history, physical examination, and relevant investigations. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v20 and GraphPad Prism v5, with significant correlations determined through odds ratios (OR) and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The study cohort consisted of 23 patients, with a mean age of 54.6 years; males comprised 74% of the population. Fever was a universal symptom, and 96% (22/23) presented with altered sensorium. Key clinical and laboratory findings included leukocytosis (60%), elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST, 100%) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT, 78%), hyponatremia (74%), hypokalemia (45%), lactic acidosis (65%), and acute kidney injury (52%). Mortality was observed in 56.5% of patients, with significant associations found between mortality and leukocytosis (OR 3.5, p = 0.043) and elevated ALT levels (OR 5.2, p = 0.007). No significant correlation was noted between mortality and acute kidney injury or electrolyte disturbances. Multivariate analysis identified the need for mechanical ventilation as an independent predictor of mortality [OR: 12.45, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.02-152.62, p = 0.048], highlighting the severity of respiratory complications in heat stroke. Conclusion: This study identifies key clinical, hematological, and biochemical parameters associated with HRIs and highlights the need for targeted interventions to improve patient outcomes. The identification of prognostic markers such as leukocytosis and elevated ALT levels can guide clinical management and preventive strategies. Future research should focus on developing comprehensive prevention programs and exploring therapeutic advancements to reduce the burden of HRIs in vulnerable populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The current study aims to compare the split x-jaw planning technique of volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) with the traditional open and limited jaw techniques of VAMT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma treatment. The multi-leaf collimators on the varian linear accelerator move on a carriage with a maximum leaf span of 15 cm. Therefore, treatment of larger planning target volumes, such as in nasopharyngeal cancer with traditional open and limited jaw technique, yields compromised dose distribution. Method: Computed tomography data sets of 10 nasopharynx cancer patients were enrolled for the study. For each case, three separate treatment plans were generated viz. open, limited, and split x-jaw planning techniques with similar planning objectives. Only PTVs requiring a field size larger than 18 cm in the x-jaw position were considered. Results: Comparable results were obtained regarding organs at risk (OAR) sparing in all the techniques. The target dose coverage with split x-jaw VMAT was superior to both open and limited jaw planning techniques, with a statistically significant difference in the intermediate dose planning target volumes (PTVs) (PTV59.4), P < 0.05. However, the split technique’s dose to the spinal cord and larynx was significantly lower (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The split x-jaw planning technique of VMAT can be adapted for larger PTVs requiring an x-jaw of more than 15 cm. The only concern with this technique is the increased MU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the design and development of a multifrequency probe-coupled orthomode transducer (OMT) using a circular waveguide as the primary waveguide and a rectangular waveguide as the secondary waveguide. Design is presented for a common OMT operating at 6.6, 10.65, 18, and 21 GHz using four cascaded circular waveguide sections with different cross-sectional dimensions. An innovative design technique is used to minimize the inter-port coupling and to maximize the power in the dominant mode to get the required radiation performance at all the frequency bands using a common radiating aperture. The simulated and measured parameters of the OMT and the horn fed by this OMT have been presented. Index Terms--Cascaded waveguide, corrugated horn, multifrequency orthomode transducer (OMT), probe coupling.

Supervised Learning can be defined as training a model with the data which includes the result itself. Many supervised learning algorithms have been found so far. There are a great number of supervised learning models. Each model performs differently and has its own merits and demerits. Many data preprocessing techniques have been found and hence the combination of various data preprocessing techniques can increase the performance of the present supervised learning models. Raw data contain a lot of noise so it cannot be fed to the learning models directly. It needs to be preprocessed using various data preprocessing techniques. The proposed work compares different combinations of various data preprocessing techniques. Comparison is done using various performance metrics and the combination of different data preprocessing is applied to different models. The work comprises categorical data handling, missing value treatment, feature scaling and feature extraction as the data preprocessing steps. The comparison gives an idea of which technique is better for which type of models. The California census 1990 data has been used for the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is concerned with analytical model for radiation pattern of a new double-flared diagonal horn antenna using “plane wave spectra technique for 3D fields”. The double-flared diagonal horn antenna is accomplished by adding one more set of flares in E- and H-planes with equal flare angles into conventional diagonal horn. The copolarized and cross-polarized radiation patterns in E-, H-, and D-planes have been computed utilizing the analytical model and reported in the article. The parametric studies on peak cross-polarization level have carried out. The radiation performance of double-flared and conventional diagonal horns for same length and aperture size are also compared. It is investigated that double-flared diagonal horn antenna posses better peak cross-polarization level (≈-16.5 dB) in D-plane (±45° plane) in comparison of conventional diagonal horn (≈-15.5 dB) at design frequency and retains almost circularly symmetric radiating beam at lower values of elevation angles. Also, double-flared diagonal horn has better matches with free-space and has slightly lower gain (≤0.5 dB) in comparison of conventional diagonal horn. The work presented here can provide useful design guidelines for development of prototypes of double-flared diagonal horn, which may find potential application in satellite communication and imaging applications etc. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2009. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]