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Byline: Devesh. Kumar, Deependra. Singh, Tanish. Modi, Riya. Sharma, Anand. Awasthy, Ritu. Shree, Manoj. Goyal, Dhawal. Narang, Siddharth. Chand, Sameer. Vyas, Kusum. Sharma, Navneet. Sharma, Rudresh. Gowda, Abeer. Goel, Rajeev. [...]

Nature inspires technological innovation through unique micronanostructured surfaces, such as fish fins, lotus leaves, butterfly wings, rose petals, a bird's spongy bone, etc. These structures exhibit capabilities beyond conventional engineering, making biomimetics a key focus of scientific research. Integrating nanotechnology, biology, and bioengineering has significantly propelled the development of nanomaterials with distinct functions and properties. This interdisciplinary synergy has extensively advanced biomimetic nanomaterials. This review highlights biomimetic nanomaterials, with an emphasis on state-of-the-art sensing devices. In addition to this, it furnishes an extensive compendium of investigations into synthesis and fabrication of biomimetic nanomaterials, such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), carbon-based biomimetic nanomaterials (graphene, carbon nanotubes), and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), for biosensor development. We have focused on their applications in disease diagnostics within healthcare while also addressing their role in environmental monitoring and agriculture. This comprehensive review aims to impart an insightful understanding of the scientific complexities associated with these technologies and concludes with an appraisal of current challenges and future developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adsorption refrigeration cycle (ARC) is a sustainable refrigeration process that fundamentally replaces the energy-intensive compressors in a vapor compression cycle (VCC) with an adsorbent bed that uses solar energy or waste heat for regeneration. This has been experimentally shown to be a sustainable alternative to the VCC cycles. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been proven to be excellent adsorbents compared to the traditionally used zeolites, silica gel, and activated carbon owing to their ordered structure and tunable characteristics. In this study, we explored the integration of MOFs with a proposed low-global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant, propane. Using propane as the refrigerant fluid, we performed a computational screening on the CoRE MOF database to identify the optimal MOFs for use as an adsorbent in this application. We discovered a maximum coefficient of performance (COP) for refrigeration of approximately 0.6, which is significantly higher than those obtained using widely used adsorbents like zeolites, silica gel, and activated carbon. We also investigated the cooling capacity (CC) of the MOF-propane pair and obtained a remarkable CC of around 95 kJ kg−1. An insight into the structural characteristics of MOF that influence the COP and CC has also been studied. A further investigation of optimization of the cycle produced a maximum COP with 20% increase to 0.725, and the maximum cooling capacity improved to 190.2 kJ kg−1. This work offers fundamental insights into choosing MOFs as adsorbents in ARC, which can in the future be explored to make the refrigeration process more sustainable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review highlights recent advancements in the synthesis, processing, properties, and applications of 2D‐material integrated hydrogels, with a focus on their performance in bone‐related applications. Various synthesis methods and types of 2D nanomaterials, including graphene, graphene oxide, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, and MXene are discussed, along with strategies for their incorporation into hydrogel matrices. These composite hydrogels exhibit tunable mechanical properties, high surface area, strong near‐infrared (NIR) photon absorption and controlled release capabilities, making them suitable for a range of regeneration and therapeutic applications. In cancer therapy, 2D‐material‐based hydrogels show promise for photothermal and photodynamic therapies, and drug delivery (chemotherapy). The photothermal properties of these materials enable selective tumor ablation upon NIR irradiation, while their high drug‐loading capacity facilitates targeted and controlled release of chemotherapeutic agents. Additionally, 2D‐materials ‐infused hydrogels exhibit potent antibacterial activity, making them effective against multidrug‐resistant infections and disruption of biofilm generated on implant surface. Moreover, their synergistic therapy approach combines multiple treatment modalities such as photothermal, chemo, and immunotherapy to enhance therapeutic outcomes. In bio‐imaging, these materials serve as versatile contrast agents and imaging probes, enabling their real‐time monitoring during tumor imaging. Furthermore, in bone regeneration, most 2D‐materials incorporated hydrogels promote osteogenesis and tissue regeneration, offering potential solutions for bone defects repair. Overall, the integration of 2D materials into hydrogels presents a promising platform for developing multifunctional theragenerative biomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]