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Saphylococcal toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a life-threatening illness characterized by fever, rash, desquamation, organ dysfunction, and shock. In 1980, the use of highly absorbent tampons in the United States [...]

In the fields of image processing, feature detection, the edge detection is an important aspect. For detection of sharp changes in the properties of an image, edges are recognized as important factors which provides more information or data regarding the analysis of an image. In this work coding of various edge detection algorithms such as Sobel, Canny, etc. have been done on the MATLAB software, also this work is implemented on the FPGA Nexys 4 DDR board. The results are then displayed on a VGA screen. The implementation of this work using Verilog language of FPGA has been executed on Vivado 18.2 software tool.

Aim: Microsampling has the advantage of smaller blood sampling volume and suitability in vulnerable populations compared to venous sampling in clinical pharmacokinetics studies. Current regulatory guidance requires correlative studies to enable microsampling as a technique. A post hoc population pharmacokinetic (POPPK) approach was utilized to investigate blood capillary microsampling as an alternative to venous sampling. Methods: Pharmacokinetic data from microsampling and venous sampling techniques during a paediatric study evaluating tafenoquine, a single‐dose antimalarial for P. vivax, were used. Separate POPPK models were developed and validated based on goodness of fit and visual predictive checks, with pharmacokinetic data obtained via each sampling technique. Results: Each POPPK model adequately described tafenoquine pharmacokinetics using a two‐compartment model with body weight based on allometric scaling of clearance and volume of distribution. Tafenoquine pharmacokinetic parameter estimates including clearance (3.4 vs 3.7 L/h) were comparable across models with slightly higher interindividual variability (38.3% vs 27%) in capillary microsampling‐based data. A bioavailability/bioequivalence comparison demonstrated that the point estimate (90% CI) of capillary microsample versus venous sample model‐based individual post hoc estimates for area under the concentration‐time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0‐inf) (100.7%, 98.0‐103.5%) and Cmax (79.7%, 76.9‐82.5%) met the 80‐125% and 70‐143% criteria, respectively. Overall, both POPPK models led to the same dose regimen recommendations across weight bins based on achieving target AUC. Conclusions: This analysis demonstrated that a POPPK approach can be employed to assess the performance of alternative pharmacokinetic sampling techniques. This approach provides a robust solution in scenarios where variability in pharmacokinetic data collected via venous sampling and microsampling may not result in a strong linear relationship. The findings also established that microsampling techniques may replace conventional venous sampling methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]