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137 results on '"Sharif, Bonita"'

2. Towards Modeling Human Attention from Eye Movements for Neural Source Code Summarization

Author

Bansal, Aakash, Sharif, Bonita, and McMillan, Collin

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Neural source code summarization is the task of generating natural language descriptions of source code behavior using neural networks. A fundamental component of most neural models is an attention mechanism. The attention mechanism learns to connect features in source code to specific words to use when generating natural language descriptions. Humans also pay attention to some features in code more than others. This human attention reflects experience and high-level cognition well beyond the capability of any current neural model. In this paper, we use data from published eye-tracking experiments to create a model of this human attention. The model predicts which words in source code are the most important for code summarization. Next, we augment a baseline neural code summarization approach using our model of human attention. We observe an improvement in prediction performance of the augmented approach in line with other bio-inspired neural models., Comment: 16 Single Column pages, 7 figures, 2 pages of references, accepted at ETRA2023 to appear at PACMHCI 2023, Vol. 7

Published
2023
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3. gazel: Supporting Source Code Edits in Eye-Tracking Studies

Author

Fakhoury, Sarah, Roy, Devjeet, Pines, Harry, Cleveland, Tyler, Peterson, Cole, Arnaoudova, Venera, Sharif, Bonita, and Maletic, Jonathan

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract

Eye tracking tools are used in software engineering research to study various software development activities. However, a major limitation of these tools is their inability to track gaze data for activities that involve source code editing. We present a novel solution to support eye tracking experiments for tasks involving source code edits as an extension of the iTrace community infrastructure. We introduce the iTrace-Atom plugin and gazel -- a Python data processing pipeline that maps gaze information to changing source code elements and provides researchers with a way to query this dynamic data. iTrace-Atom is evaluated via a series of simulations and is over 99% accurate at high eye-tracking speeds of over 1,000Hz. iTrace and gazel completely revolutionize the way eye tracking studies are conducted in realistic settings with the presence of scrolling, context switching, and now editing. This opens the doors to support many day-to-day software engineering tasks such as bug fixing, adding new features, and refactoring., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures

Published
2021
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4. Retraction Note: Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline

Author

Holmqvist, Kenneth, Örbom, Saga Lee, Hooge, Ignace T. C., Niehorster, Diederick C., Alexander, Robert G., Andersson, Richard, Benjamins, Jeroen S., Blignaut, Pieter, Brouwer, Anne-Marie, Chuang, Lewis L., Dalrymple, Kirsten A., Drieghe, Denis, Dunn, Matt J., Ettinger, Ulrich, Fiedler, Susann, Foulsham, Tom, van der Geest, Jos N., Hansen, Dan Witzner, Hutton, Samuel B., Kasneci, Enkelejda, Kingstone, Alan, Knox, Paul C., Kok, Ellen M., Lee, Helena, Lee, Joy Yeonjoo, Leppänen, Jukka M., Macknik, Stephen, Majaranta, Päivi, Martinez-Conde, Susana, Nuthmann, Antje, Nyström, Marcus, Orquin, Jacob L., Otero-Millan, Jorge, Park, Soon Young, Popelka, Stanislav, Proudlock, Frank, Renkewitz, Frank, Roorda, Austin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Sharif, Bonita, Shic, Frederick, Shovman, Mark, Thomas, Mervyn G., Venrooij, Ward, Zemblys, Raimondas, and Hessels, Roy S.

Published
2024
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5. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline

Author

Holmqvist, Kenneth, Örbom, Saga Lee, Hooge, Ignace T. C., Niehorster, Diederick C., Alexander, Robert G., Andersson, Richard, Benjamins, Jeroen S., Blignaut, Pieter, Brouwer, Anne-Marie, Chuang, Lewis L., Dalrymple, Kirsten A., Drieghe, Denis, Dunn, Matt J., Ettinger, Ulrich, Fiedler, Susann, Foulsham, Tom, van der Geest, Jos N., Hansen, Dan Witzner, Hutton, Samuel B., Kasneci, Enkelejda, Kingstone, Alan, Knox, Paul C., Kok, Ellen M., Lee, Helena, Lee, Joy Yeonjoo, Leppänen, Jukka M., Macknik, Stephen, Majaranta, Päivi, Martinez-Conde, Susana, Nuthmann, Antje, Nyström, Marcus, Orquin, Jacob L., Otero-Millan, Jorge, Park, Soon Young, Popelka, Stanislav, Proudlock, Frank, Renkewitz, Frank, Roorda, Austin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Sharif, Bonita, Shic, Frederick, Shovman, Mark, Thomas, Mervyn G., Venrooij, Ward, Zemblys, Raimondas, and Hessels, Roy S.

Published
2023
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6. Developer Reading Behavior While Summarizing Java Methods: Size and Context Matters

Author

Abid, Nahla J., Sharif, Bonita, Dragan, Natalia, Alrasheed, Hend, and Maletic, Jonathan I.

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract

An eye-tracking study of 18 developers reading and summarizing Java methods is presented. The developers provide a written summary for methods assigned to them. In total, 63 methods are used from five different systems. Previous studies on this topic use only short methods presented in isolation usually as images. In contrast, this work presents the study in the Eclipse IDE allowing access to all the source code in the system. The developer can navigate via scrolling and switching files while writing the summary. New eye-tracking infrastructure allows for this improvement in the study environment. Data collected includes eye gazes on source code, written summaries, and time to complete each summary. Unlike prior work that concluded developers focus on the signature the most, these results indicate that they tend to focus on the method body more than the signature. Moreover, both experts and novices tend to revisit control flow terms rather than reading them for a long period. They also spend a significant amount of gaze time and have higher gaze visits when they read call terms. Experts tend to revisit the body of the method significantly more frequently than its signature as the size of the method increases. Moreover, experts tend to write their summaries from source code lines that they read the most., Comment: Accepted at ICSE 2019

Published
2019

8. Retraction Note:empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline (Retraction of Vol 55, Pg 364, 2022)

Author

Holmqvist, Kenneth, Örbom, Saga Lee, Hooge, Ignace T.C., Niehorster, Diederick C., Alexander, Robert G., Andersson, Richard, Benjamins, Jeroen S., Blignaut, Pieter, Brouwer, Anne Marie, Chuang, Lewis L., Dalrymple, Kirsten A., Drieghe, Denis, Dunn, Matt J., Ettinger, Ulrich, Fiedler, Susann, Foulsham, Tom, van der Geest, Jos N., Hansen, Dan Witzner, Hutton, Samuel B., Kasneci, Enkelejda, Kingstone, Alan, Knox, Paul C., Kok, Ellen M., Lee, Helena, Lee, Joy Yeonjoo, Leppänen, Jukka M., Macknik, Stephen, Majaranta, Päivi, Martinez-Conde, Susana, Nuthmann, Antje, Nyström, Marcus, Orquin, Jacob L., Otero-Millan, Jorge, Park, Soon Young, Popelka, Stanislav, Proudlock, Frank, Renkewitz, Frank, Roorda, Austin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Sharif, Bonita, Shic, Frederick, Shovman, Mark, Thomas, Mervyn G., Venrooij, Ward, Zemblys, Raimondas, Hessels, Roy S., Holmqvist, Kenneth, Örbom, Saga Lee, Hooge, Ignace T.C., Niehorster, Diederick C., Alexander, Robert G., Andersson, Richard, Benjamins, Jeroen S., Blignaut, Pieter, Brouwer, Anne Marie, Chuang, Lewis L., Dalrymple, Kirsten A., Drieghe, Denis, Dunn, Matt J., Ettinger, Ulrich, Fiedler, Susann, Foulsham, Tom, van der Geest, Jos N., Hansen, Dan Witzner, Hutton, Samuel B., Kasneci, Enkelejda, Kingstone, Alan, Knox, Paul C., Kok, Ellen M., Lee, Helena, Lee, Joy Yeonjoo, Leppänen, Jukka M., Macknik, Stephen, Majaranta, Päivi, Martinez-Conde, Susana, Nuthmann, Antje, Nyström, Marcus, Orquin, Jacob L., Otero-Millan, Jorge, Park, Soon Young, Popelka, Stanislav, Proudlock, Frank, Renkewitz, Frank, Roorda, Austin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Sharif, Bonita, Shic, Frederick, Shovman, Mark, Thomas, Mervyn G., Venrooij, Ward, Zemblys, Raimondas, and Hessels, Roy S.

Abstract

The authors have retracted this article because a number of statements are supported by two references, Holmqvist (2015) and Holmqvist (2016), which should not have been used. Saga Lee Örbom, Ignace T. C. Hooge, Diederick C. Niehorster, Robert G. Alexander, Richard Andersson, Jeroen S. Benjamins, Pieter Blignaut, Anne-Marie Brouwer, Lewis L. Chuang, Kirsten A. Dalrymple, Denis Drieghe, Matt J. Dunn, Ulrich Ettinger, Susann Fiedler, Tom Foulsham, Jos N. van der Geest, Dan Witzner Hansen, Samuel B. Hutton, Enkelejda Kasneci, Alan Kingstone, Paul C. Knox, Ellen M. Kok, Helena Lee, Joy Yeonjoo Lee, Jukka M. Leppänen, Stephen Macknik, Päivi Majaranta, Susana Martinez-Conde, Antje Nuthmann, Marcus Nyström, Jacob L. Orquin, Jorge Otero-Millan, Soon Young Park, Stanislav Popelka, Frank Proudlock, Frank Renkewitz, Austin Roorda, Michael Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Bonita Sharif, Frederick Shic, Mark Shovman, Mervyn G. Thomas, Ward Venrooij, Raimondas Zemblys and Roy S. Hessels agree with this retraction. Kenneth Holmqvist is deceased.

Published
2024

9. Reading Behavior and Comprehension of C++ Source Code - A Classroom Study

Author

Saddler, Jonathan A., Peterson, Cole S., Peachock, Patrick, Sharif, Bonita, Hutchison, David, Editorial Board Member, Kanade, Takeo, Editorial Board Member, Kittler, Josef, Editorial Board Member, Kleinberg, Jon M., Editorial Board Member, Mattern, Friedemann, Editorial Board Member, Mitchell, John C., Editorial Board Member, Naor, Moni, Editorial Board Member, Pandu Rangan, C., Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Editorial Board Member, Tygar, Doug, Editorial Board Member, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Schmorrow, Dylan D., editor, and Fidopiastis, Cali M., editor

Published
2019
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11. Retraction Note: Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline

Author

Holmqvist, Kenneth, primary, Örbom, Saga Lee, additional, Hooge, Ignace T. C., additional, Niehorster, Diederick C., additional, Alexander, Robert G., additional, Andersson, Richard, additional, Benjamins, Jeroen S., additional, Blignaut, Pieter, additional, Brouwer, Anne-Marie, additional, Chuang, Lewis L., additional, Dalrymple, Kirsten A., additional, Drieghe, Denis, additional, Dunn, Matt J., additional, Ettinger, Ulrich, additional, Fiedler, Susann, additional, Foulsham, Tom, additional, van der Geest, Jos N., additional, Hansen, Dan Witzner, additional, Hutton, Samuel B., additional, Kasneci, Enkelejda, additional, Kingstone, Alan, additional, Knox, Paul C., additional, Kok, Ellen M., additional, Lee, Helena, additional, Lee, Joy Yeonjoo, additional, Leppänen, Jukka M., additional, Macknik, Stephen, additional, Majaranta, Päivi, additional, Martinez-Conde, Susana, additional, Nuthmann, Antje, additional, Nyström, Marcus, additional, Orquin, Jacob L., additional, Otero-Millan, Jorge, additional, Park, Soon Young, additional, Popelka, Stanislav, additional, Proudlock, Frank, additional, Renkewitz, Frank, additional, Roorda, Austin, additional, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, additional, Sharif, Bonita, additional, Shic, Frederick, additional, Shovman, Mark, additional, Thomas, Mervyn G., additional, Venrooij, Ward, additional, Zemblys, Raimondas, additional, and Hessels, Roy S., additional

Published
2023
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13. Investigating Eye Movements in Natural Language and C++ Source Code - A Replication Experiment

Author

Peachock, Patrick, Iovino, Nicholas, Sharif, Bonita, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Schmorrow, Dylan D., editor, and Fidopiastis, Cali M., editor

Published
2017
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15. How Novices Read Source Code in Introductory Courses on Programming: An Eye-Tracking Experiment

Author

Yenigalla, Leelakrishna, Sinha, Vinayak, Sharif, Bonita, Crosby, Martha, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Schmorrow, Dylan D., editor, and Fidopiastis, Cali M., editor

Published
2016
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20. Retraction Note: Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline (Behavior Research Methods, (2022), 55, 1, (364-416), 10.3758/s13428-021-01762-8)

Author

Leerstoel Kenemans, Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), Leerstoel Postma, Leerstoel van Gog, Education and Learning: Development in Interaction, Leerstoel Kemner, Holmqvist, Kenneth, Örbom, Saga Lee, Hooge, Ignace T.C., Niehorster, Diederick C., Alexander, Robert G., Andersson, Richard, Benjamins, Jeroen S., Blignaut, Pieter, Brouwer, Anne Marie, Chuang, Lewis L., Dalrymple, Kirsten A., Drieghe, Denis, Dunn, Matt J., Ettinger, Ulrich, Fiedler, Susann, Foulsham, Tom, van der Geest, Jos N., Hansen, Dan Witzner, Hutton, Samuel B., Kasneci, Enkelejda, Kingstone, Alan, Knox, Paul C., Kok, Ellen M., Lee, Helena, Lee, Joy Yeonjoo, Leppänen, Jukka M., Macknik, Stephen, Majaranta, Päivi, Martinez-Conde, Susana, Nuthmann, Antje, Nyström, Marcus, Orquin, Jacob L., Otero-Millan, Jorge, Park, Soon Young, Popelka, Stanislav, Proudlock, Frank, Renkewitz, Frank, Roorda, Austin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Sharif, Bonita, Shic, Frederick, Shovman, Mark, Thomas, Mervyn G., Venrooij, Ward, Zemblys, Raimondas, Hessels, Roy S., Leerstoel Kenemans, Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), Leerstoel Postma, Leerstoel van Gog, Education and Learning: Development in Interaction, Leerstoel Kemner, Holmqvist, Kenneth, Örbom, Saga Lee, Hooge, Ignace T.C., Niehorster, Diederick C., Alexander, Robert G., Andersson, Richard, Benjamins, Jeroen S., Blignaut, Pieter, Brouwer, Anne Marie, Chuang, Lewis L., Dalrymple, Kirsten A., Drieghe, Denis, Dunn, Matt J., Ettinger, Ulrich, Fiedler, Susann, Foulsham, Tom, van der Geest, Jos N., Hansen, Dan Witzner, Hutton, Samuel B., Kasneci, Enkelejda, Kingstone, Alan, Knox, Paul C., Kok, Ellen M., Lee, Helena, Lee, Joy Yeonjoo, Leppänen, Jukka M., Macknik, Stephen, Majaranta, Päivi, Martinez-Conde, Susana, Nuthmann, Antje, Nyström, Marcus, Orquin, Jacob L., Otero-Millan, Jorge, Park, Soon Young, Popelka, Stanislav, Proudlock, Frank, Renkewitz, Frank, Roorda, Austin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Sharif, Bonita, Shic, Frederick, Shovman, Mark, Thomas, Mervyn G., Venrooij, Ward, Zemblys, Raimondas, and Hessels, Roy S.

Published
2023

21. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline

Author

Leerstoel Kenemans, Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), Leerstoel Postma, Leerstoel Kemner, Holmqvist, Kenneth, Örbom, Saga Lee, Hooge, Ignace T.C., Niehorster, Diederick C., Alexander, Robert G., Andersson, Richard, Benjamins, Jeroen S., Blignaut, Pieter, Brouwer, Anne Marie, Chuang, Lewis L., Dalrymple, Kirsten A., Drieghe, Denis, Dunn, Matt J., Ettinger, Ulrich, Fiedler, Susann, Foulsham, Tom, van der Geest, Jos N., Hansen, Dan Witzner, Hutton, Samuel B., Kasneci, Enkelejda, Kingstone, Alan, Knox, Paul C., Kok, Ellen M., Lee, Helena, Lee, Joy Yeonjoo, Leppänen, Jukka M., Macknik, Stephen, Majaranta, Päivi, Martinez-Conde, Susana, Nuthmann, Antje, Nyström, Marcus, Orquin, Jacob L., Otero-Millan, Jorge, Park, Soon Young, Popelka, Stanislav, Proudlock, Frank, Renkewitz, Frank, Roorda, Austin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Sharif, Bonita, Shic, Frederick, Shovman, Mark, Thomas, Mervyn G., Venrooij, Ward, Zemblys, Raimondas, Hessels, Roy S., Leerstoel Kenemans, Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), Leerstoel Postma, Leerstoel Kemner, Holmqvist, Kenneth, Örbom, Saga Lee, Hooge, Ignace T.C., Niehorster, Diederick C., Alexander, Robert G., Andersson, Richard, Benjamins, Jeroen S., Blignaut, Pieter, Brouwer, Anne Marie, Chuang, Lewis L., Dalrymple, Kirsten A., Drieghe, Denis, Dunn, Matt J., Ettinger, Ulrich, Fiedler, Susann, Foulsham, Tom, van der Geest, Jos N., Hansen, Dan Witzner, Hutton, Samuel B., Kasneci, Enkelejda, Kingstone, Alan, Knox, Paul C., Kok, Ellen M., Lee, Helena, Lee, Joy Yeonjoo, Leppänen, Jukka M., Macknik, Stephen, Majaranta, Päivi, Martinez-Conde, Susana, Nuthmann, Antje, Nyström, Marcus, Orquin, Jacob L., Otero-Millan, Jorge, Park, Soon Young, Popelka, Stanislav, Proudlock, Frank, Renkewitz, Frank, Roorda, Austin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Sharif, Bonita, Shic, Frederick, Shovman, Mark, Thomas, Mervyn G., Venrooij, Ward, Zemblys, Raimondas, and Hessels, Roy S.

Published
2023

22. Foundations for a New Perspective of Understanding Programming (Dagstuhl Seminar 22402)

Author

Madeline Endres and André Brechmann and Bonita Sharif and Westley Weimer and Janet Siegmund, Endres, Madeline, Brechmann, André, Sharif, Bonita, Weimer, Westley, Siegmund, Janet, Madeline Endres and André Brechmann and Bonita Sharif and Westley Weimer and Janet Siegmund, Endres, Madeline, Brechmann, André, Sharif, Bonita, Weimer, Westley, and Siegmund, Janet

Abstract

Software is created by people who think, feel, and express themselves to one another and their computers. For a long time, researchers have investigated how people read and write code on their computers and talk about code with one another. This way, researchers identified skills, education, and practices necessary to acquire expertise and perform software development duties. While these investigations are valuable, we have yet to devise and validate a scientific theory of program comprehension, which would be an important step in designing support for developers that is tailored to their cognitive needs. To succeed, we need techniques to shed more light on how programmers think. To this end, we need to look beyond computer science research. Specifically, in the field of psychology and cognitive neuroscience, considerable progress has been made in building theories of cognitive processes. Important enabling technologies include eye tracking, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). These methods have revolutionized the understanding of cognitive processes and are routinely used in non-computing disciplines. Such techniques have the potential to also modernize classic approaches to program comprehension research by informing new experimental designs. However, the use of such technologies to study program comprehension is recent, and many of the challenges of this interdisciplinary field remain unexplored. This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 22402, "Foundations for a New Perspective of Understanding Programming", which explores these challenges. In total, 23 on-site participants attended the seminar along with two virtual keynote speakers. Participants engaged in intensive collaboration, including discussing past and current research, identifying gaps in the literature, and proposing future directions for improving the state of the art in program co

Published
2023
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23. Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline

Author

Leerstoel Kenemans, Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), Leerstoel Postma, Leerstoel van Gog, Education and Learning: Development in Interaction, Leerstoel Kemner, Holmqvist, Kenneth, Oerbom, Saga Lee, Hooge, Ignace T. C., Niehorster, Diederick C., Andersson, Richard, Benjamins, Jeroen S., Blignaut, Pieter, Chuang, Lewis L., Dalrymple, Kirsten A., Drieghe, Denis, Dunn, Matt J., Ettinger, Ulrich, Fiedler, Susann, Foulsham, Tom, van der Geest, Jos N., Hansen, Dan Witzner, Hutton, Samuel B., Kasneci, Enkelejda, Kingstone, Alan, Knox, Paul C., Kok, Ellen M., Lee, Helena, Leppanen, Jukka M., Macknik, Stephen, Majaranta, Paivi, Martinez-Conde, Susana, Nuthmann, Antje, Nystrom, Marcus, Orquin, Jacob L., Otero-Millan, Jorge, Park, Soon Young, Popelka, Stanislav, Proudlock, Frank, Renkewitz, Frank, Roorda, Austin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Sharif, Bonita, Shic, Frederick, Shovman, Mark, Thomas, Mervyn G., Venrooij, Ward, Zemblys, Raimondas, Hessels, Roy S., Leerstoel Kenemans, Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), Leerstoel Postma, Leerstoel van Gog, Education and Learning: Development in Interaction, Leerstoel Kemner, Holmqvist, Kenneth, Oerbom, Saga Lee, Hooge, Ignace T. C., Niehorster, Diederick C., Andersson, Richard, Benjamins, Jeroen S., Blignaut, Pieter, Chuang, Lewis L., Dalrymple, Kirsten A., Drieghe, Denis, Dunn, Matt J., Ettinger, Ulrich, Fiedler, Susann, Foulsham, Tom, van der Geest, Jos N., Hansen, Dan Witzner, Hutton, Samuel B., Kasneci, Enkelejda, Kingstone, Alan, Knox, Paul C., Kok, Ellen M., Lee, Helena, Leppanen, Jukka M., Macknik, Stephen, Majaranta, Paivi, Martinez-Conde, Susana, Nuthmann, Antje, Nystrom, Marcus, Orquin, Jacob L., Otero-Millan, Jorge, Park, Soon Young, Popelka, Stanislav, Proudlock, Frank, Renkewitz, Frank, Roorda, Austin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Sharif, Bonita, Shic, Frederick, Shovman, Mark, Thomas, Mervyn G., Venrooij, Ward, Zemblys, Raimondas, and Hessels, Roy S.

Published
2023

24. Eye tracking:empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline (Retracted Article)

Author

Holmqvist, Kenneth, Örbom, Saga Lee, Hooge, Ignace T.C., Niehorster, Diederick C., Alexander, Robert G., Andersson, Richard, Benjamins, Jeroen S., Blignaut, Pieter, Brouwer, Anne Marie, Chuang, Lewis L., Dalrymple, Kirsten A., Drieghe, Denis, Dunn, Matt J., Ettinger, Ulrich, Fiedler, Susann, Foulsham, Tom, van der Geest, Jos N., Hansen, Dan Witzner, Hutton, Samuel B., Kasneci, Enkelejda, Kingstone, Alan, Knox, Paul C., Kok, Ellen M., Lee, Helena, Lee, Joy Yeonjoo, Leppänen, Jukka M., Macknik, Stephen, Majaranta, Päivi, Martinez-Conde, Susana, Nuthmann, Antje, Nyström, Marcus, Orquin, Jacob L., Otero-Millan, Jorge, Park, Soon Young, Popelka, Stanislav, Proudlock, Frank, Renkewitz, Frank, Roorda, Austin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Sharif, Bonita, Shic, Frederick, Shovman, Mark, Thomas, Mervyn G., Venrooij, Ward, Zemblys, Raimondas, Hessels, Roy S., Holmqvist, Kenneth, Örbom, Saga Lee, Hooge, Ignace T.C., Niehorster, Diederick C., Alexander, Robert G., Andersson, Richard, Benjamins, Jeroen S., Blignaut, Pieter, Brouwer, Anne Marie, Chuang, Lewis L., Dalrymple, Kirsten A., Drieghe, Denis, Dunn, Matt J., Ettinger, Ulrich, Fiedler, Susann, Foulsham, Tom, van der Geest, Jos N., Hansen, Dan Witzner, Hutton, Samuel B., Kasneci, Enkelejda, Kingstone, Alan, Knox, Paul C., Kok, Ellen M., Lee, Helena, Lee, Joy Yeonjoo, Leppänen, Jukka M., Macknik, Stephen, Majaranta, Päivi, Martinez-Conde, Susana, Nuthmann, Antje, Nyström, Marcus, Orquin, Jacob L., Otero-Millan, Jorge, Park, Soon Young, Popelka, Stanislav, Proudlock, Frank, Renkewitz, Frank, Roorda, Austin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Sharif, Bonita, Shic, Frederick, Shovman, Mark, Thomas, Mervyn G., Venrooij, Ward, Zemblys, Raimondas, and Hessels, Roy S.

Abstract

In this paper, we present a review of how the various aspects of any study using an eye tracker (such as the instrument, methodology, environment, participant, etc.) affect the quality of the recorded eye-tracking data and the obtained eye-movement and gaze measures. We take this review to represent the empirical foundation for reporting guidelines of any study involving an eye tracker. We compare this empirical foundation to five existing reporting guidelines and to a database of 207 published eye-tracking studies. We find that reporting guidelines vary substantially and do not match with actual reporting practices. We end by deriving a minimal, flexible reporting guideline based on empirical research (Section “An empirically based minimal reporting guideline”).

Published
2023

27. Foundations for a New Perspective of Understanding Programming (Dagstuhl Seminar 22402)

Author

Endres, Madeline, Brechmann, André, Sharif, Bonita, Weimer, Westley, and Siegmund, Janet

Subjects
Program Comprehension, Programming Education, Human Factors, Human-centered computing → User studies, Programming Methodology, Eye Tracking, Software and its engineering → Software design engineering, Software Engineering, Human Computer Interaction, Neuro-imaging, General and reference → Empirical studies, Human Cognition
Abstract

Software is created by people who think, feel, and express themselves to one another and their computers. For a long time, researchers have investigated how people read and write code on their computers and talk about code with one another. This way, researchers identified skills, education, and practices necessary to acquire expertise and perform software development duties. While these investigations are valuable, we have yet to devise and validate a scientific theory of program comprehension, which would be an important step in designing support for developers that is tailored to their cognitive needs. To succeed, we need techniques to shed more light on how programmers think. To this end, we need to look beyond computer science research. Specifically, in the field of psychology and cognitive neuroscience, considerable progress has been made in building theories of cognitive processes. Important enabling technologies include eye tracking, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). These methods have revolutionized the understanding of cognitive processes and are routinely used in non-computing disciplines. Such techniques have the potential to also modernize classic approaches to program comprehension research by informing new experimental designs. However, the use of such technologies to study program comprehension is recent, and many of the challenges of this interdisciplinary field remain unexplored. This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 22402, "Foundations for a New Perspective of Understanding Programming", which explores these challenges. In total, 23 on-site participants attended the seminar along with two virtual keynote speakers. Participants engaged in intensive collaboration, including discussing past and current research, identifying gaps in the literature, and proposing future directions for improving the state of the art in program comprehension research., DagRep, Volume 12, Issue 10, pages 61-83

Published
2023
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29. A chronology of SIGCHI conferences

Author

Kumar, Neha, primary, Adams, Julie A., additional, Buxton, Bill, additional, Candy, Linda, additional, Cesar, Pablo, additional, Clark, Leigh, additional, Cowan, Benjamin R., additional, Dey, Anind, additional, Dugas, Phoebe O. Toups, additional, Edmonds, Ernest, additional, Goodrich, Michael A., additional, Green, Mark, additional, Grudin, Jonathan, additional, Kitamura, Yoshifumi, additional, Konstan, Joe, additional, Latulipe, Celine, additional, Lee, Minha, additional, Malone, Tom, additional, Mandryk, Regan, additional, Markopoulos, Panos, additional, Muller, Michael, additional, Nacke, Lennart, additional, Nakano, Yukiko, additional, Obrist, Marianna, additional, Porcheron, Martin, additional, Sarcevic, Aleksandra, additional, Schöning, Johannes, additional, Scott, Stacey, additional, Sharif, Bonita, additional, Steinicke, Frank, additional, Stumpf, Simone, additional, Tse, Edward, additional, and Vinayagamoorthy, Vinoba, additional

Published
2022
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31. A chronology of SIGCHI conferences: 1983 to 2022

Author

Kumar, Neha, Adams, Julie A., Buxton, Bill, Candy, Linda, César, Pablo, Clark, Leigh, Cowan, Benjamin R., Dey, Anind K., Dugas, Phoebe O. Toups, Edmonds, Ernest A., Goodrich, Michael A., Green, Mark, Grudin, Jonathan, Kitamura, Yoshifumi, Konstan, Joseph A., Latulipe, Celine, Lee, Minha, Malone, Thomas W., Mandryk, Regan L., Markopoulos, Panos, Muller, Michael J., Nacke, Lennart E., Nakano, Yukiko I., Obrist, Marianna, Porcheron, Martin, Sarcevic, Aleksandra, Schöning, Johannes, Scott, Stacey D., Sharif, Bonita, Steinicke, Frank, Stumpf, Simone, Tse, Edward, Vinayagamoorthy, Vinoba, Kumar, Neha, Adams, Julie A., Buxton, Bill, Candy, Linda, César, Pablo, Clark, Leigh, Cowan, Benjamin R., Dey, Anind K., Dugas, Phoebe O. Toups, Edmonds, Ernest A., Goodrich, Michael A., Green, Mark, Grudin, Jonathan, Kitamura, Yoshifumi, Konstan, Joseph A., Latulipe, Celine, Lee, Minha, Malone, Thomas W., Mandryk, Regan L., Markopoulos, Panos, Muller, Michael J., Nacke, Lennart E., Nakano, Yukiko I., Obrist, Marianna, Porcheron, Martin, Sarcevic, Aleksandra, Schöning, Johannes, Scott, Stacey D., Sharif, Bonita, Steinicke, Frank, Stumpf, Simone, Tse, Edward, and Vinayagamoorthy, Vinoba

Published
2022

32. Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline

Author

Holmqvist, Kenneth, primary, Örbom, Saga Lee, additional, Hooge, Ignace T. C., additional, Niehorster, Diederick C., additional, Alexander, Robert G., additional, Andersson, Richard, additional, Benjamins, Jeroen S., additional, Blignaut, Pieter, additional, Brouwer, Anne-Marie, additional, Chuang, Lewis L., additional, Dalrymple, Kirsten A., additional, Drieghe, Denis, additional, Dunn, Matt J., additional, Ettinger, Ulrich, additional, Fiedler, Susann, additional, Foulsham, Tom, additional, van der Geest, Jos N., additional, Hansen, Dan Witzner, additional, Hutton, Samuel B., additional, Kasneci, Enkelejda, additional, Kingstone, Alan, additional, Knox, Paul C., additional, Kok, Ellen M., additional, Lee, Helena, additional, Lee, Joy Yeonjoo, additional, Leppänen, Jukka M., additional, Macknik, Stephen, additional, Majaranta, Päivi, additional, Martinez-Conde, Susana, additional, Nuthmann, Antje, additional, Nyström, Marcus, additional, Orquin, Jacob L., additional, Otero-Millan, Jorge, additional, Park, Soon Young, additional, Popelka, Stanislav, additional, Proudlock, Frank, additional, Renkewitz, Frank, additional, Roorda, Austin, additional, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, additional, Sharif, Bonita, additional, Shic, Frederick, additional, Shovman, Mark, additional, Thomas, Mervyn G., additional, Venrooij, Ward, additional, Zemblys, Raimondas, additional, and Hessels, Roy S., additional

Published
2022
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43. EMIP: The eye movements in programming dataset

Author

Bednarik, Roman, Busjahn, Teresa, Gibaldi, Agostino, Ahadi, Alireza, Bielikova, Maria, Crosby, Martha, Essig, Kai, Fagerholm, Fabian, Jbara, Ahmad, Lister, Raymond, Orlov, Pavel, Paterson, James, Sharif, Bonita, Sirkiä, Teemu, Stelovsky, Jan, Tvarozek, Jozef, Vrzakova, Hana, and van der Linde, Ian

Subjects
0803 Computer Software, Software Engineering
Abstract

© 2020 A large dataset that contains the eye movements of N=216 programmers of different experience levels captured during two code comprehension tasks is presented. Data are grouped in terms of programming expertise (from none to high) and other demographic descriptors. Data were collected through an international collaborative effort that involved eleven research teams across eight countries on four continents. The same eye tracking apparatus and software was used for the data collection. The Eye Movements in Programming (EMIP) dataset is freely available for download. The varied metadata in the EMIP dataset provides fertile ground for the analysis of gaze behavior and may be used to make novel insights about code comprehension.

Published
2020

48. Evidence About Programmers for Programming Language Design (Dagstuhl Seminar 18061)

Author

Stefik, Andreas, Sharif, Bonita, Myers, Brad. A., and Hanenberg, Stefan

Subjects
000 Computer science, knowledge, general works, Computer Science, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION
Abstract

The report documents the program and outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 18061 "Evidence About Programmers for Programming Language Design". The seminar brought together a diverse group of researchers from the fields of computer science education, programming languages, software engineering, human-computer interaction, and data science. At the seminar, participants discussed methods for designing and evaluating programming languages that take the needs of programmers directly into account. The seminar included foundational talks to introduce the breadth of perspectives that were represented among the participants; then, groups formed to develop research agendas for several subtopics, including novice programmers, cognitive load, language features, and love of programming languages. The seminar concluded with a discussion of the current SIGPLAN artifact evaluation mechanism and the need for evidence standards in empirical studies of programming languages.

Published
2018
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