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Objective: This study used network pharmacology and molecular docking technology to explore the molecular mechanism of Panax notoginseng in the treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Methods: The main active components and targets of Panax notoginseng were screened by the TCMSP database, and DIC-related targets were obtained from the GeneCards database. PPI network was constructed by String and Cytoscape, GO gene analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed by DAVID, and molecular docking was performed by AutoDock software. Results: Eight active compounds and 51 potential therapeutic targets of Sanqi were screened. The key targets include VEGF, MAPK3, EGFR, STAT3 and so on. Beta-sitosterol, Stigmasterol, quercetin, DFV, and Diop were identified as potential candidate ingredients. There are 95 KEGG enrichment pathways. The metabolic pathways involving a large number of genes mainly include PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway. Conclusion: Eight active compounds and 51 potential therapeutic targets of Sanqi were screened. The key targets include VEGF, MAPK3, EGFR, STAT3 and so on. Beta-sitosterol, Stigmasterol, quercetin, DFV, and Diop were identified aspotential candidate ingredients. There are 95 KEGG enrichment pathways. The metabolic pathways involving a large number of genes mainly include the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway.

Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in the treatment of extracranial oligometastases. Method: A retrospective analysis of 70 patients with extracranial oligometastasis of malignant tumors who underwent SBRT in our hospital (Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital) from January 2019 to December 2021 with ? 5 metastases, ?3 metastatic organs, and metastases with diameters of ? 5 cm. According to the clinical data of patients, the dose-fractionation mode of SBRT is mainly determined according to the pathology of the primary tumor, the location of the metastatic tumor, and the important structures around the tumor. The local control, survival and adverse reactions were observed. Results: A total of 219 oligometastatic lesions in 70 patients were treated with SBRT. The median follow-up time was 24 months (12–40 months). The local control rate (LCR) of all target lesions assessed 3 months after radiotherapy was 94.1%; the 1-, 2-, and 3-year LCRs were 88.6%, 74.6%, and 64.9%, respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11.8 months (95% CI, 8.9–14.7 months), and the 1- and 2-year PFS rates were 48.6% and 32.6%, respectively; the median overall survival (OS) was 31.9 month (95% CI 26.0-37.8 months), the 1-year OS rate was 84.3%. The local control time, PFS, and OS of patients with metastases ? 3 cm were significantly better than those with metastases > 3 cm, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Acute adverse reactions after SBRT treatment in oligometastatic patients were mainly bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal reactions, with incidence rates of 48.98% and 30.61%, respectively; chronic adverse reactions were mainly pain (bone, muscle), radiation enteritis, and radiation pneumonitis, with incidence rates of 38.57%, 30.00%, and 24.29%, respectively. The treatment-related adverse reactions were mainly grade 1, which were all improved after symptomatic treatment, except for one patient with bone metastases from lung cancer who had grade 4 myelosuppression. No grade 4 or 5 adverse events occurred in the other patients. Conclusion: The application of SBRT in the treatment of extracranial oligometastases is safe, effective, and has high tolerability.

China’s rapid economic growth has resulted in resource consumption and environmental degradation. Only by improving green total factor productivity (GTFP) can China’s economic growth become stable and sustainable. Existing studies have demonstrated that total human capital can improve GTFP, but such studies have ignored the heterogeneous influence of human capital structure, and there is a lack research on how human capital structure affects GTFP spatially. Therefore, based on China’s provincial panel data from 2000 to 2018, this paper uses the Super-SBM-ML model to evaluate GTFP. The human capital is divided into that having academic education and that having only non-academic education, and then the spatial Dubin model is used to estimate the relationship between GTFP, academic education and non-academic education human capital. The empirical results show that different levels of human capital have different effects on GTFP. Some types of human capital (such as tertiary-level educational human capital) promote local GTFP, while other types (such as primary-level educational human capital) inhibit it. This indicates that local governments should optimize the human capital structure in order to promote green development. In addition, although there are effects of human capital on the spatial spillover of GTFP, those effects are not significant for some types of human capital, indicating that local circulation channels for human capital are not smooth, so it is necessary to improve local talent policies and strengthen regional cooperation and development so that human capital can promote the rapid development of a green economy. Finally, this paper proves that educational human capital can alter the impact on GTFP of technological progress, knowledge spillover, industrial upgrading and environmental regulation.

Abundant natural resources are the basis of urbanisation and industrialisation. Citizens are the key factor in promoting a sustainable supply of natural resources and the high-quality development of urban areas. This study focuses on the co-production behaviours of citizens regarding urban natural resource assets in the age of big data, and uses the latent Dirichlet allocation algorithm and the stepwise regression analysis method to evaluate citizens’ experiences and feelings related to the urban capitalisation of natural resources. Results show that, firstly, the machine learning algorithm based on natural language processing can effectively identify and deal with the demands of urban natural resource assets. Secondly, in the experience of urban natural resources, citizens pay more attention to the combination of history, culture, infrastructure and natural landscape. Unique natural resource can enhance citizens’ sense of participation. Finally, the scenery, entertainment and quality and value of urban natural resources are the influencing factors of citizens’ satisfaction.

Background Cancer-secreted exosomal miRNAs regulates the biological processes of many tumours. The serum level of exosomal miR-106b-5p is significantly increased in melanoma patients. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of exosomal miR-106b-5p in melanoma remains unclear. Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-106b-5p and EphA4 in melanoma tissues. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and western blotting were used to identify exosome. QRT-qPCR and Cy3-labelled miR-106b-5p were used to demonstrated the transmission of melanoma cell-secreted exosomal miR-106b-5p. Western blotting, Immunofluorescence, adhesion, transwell and scratch wound assay were used to explore the role of exosomal miR-106b-5p in melanocytes. Luciferase reporter assays and RNA-Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were used to confirm whether erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor A4 (EphA4) was a direct target of miR-106b-5p. Results We found that miR-106b-5p levels were increased in melanoma tissue, and high miR-106b-5p expression is an independent risk factor for the overall survival of patients with melanoma. miR-106b-5p is enriched in melanoma cell-secreted exosomes and transferred to melanocytes. Exosomal miR-106b-5p promotes the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, invasion and adhesion of melanocytes. Exosomal miR-106b-5p exerted its role by targeting EphA4 to activate the ERK pathway. We demonstrated that exosomal miR-106b-5p promoted melanoma metastasis in vivo through pulmonary metastasis assay. Conclusions Thus, melanoma cell-secreted exosomal miR-106b-5p may serve as a diagnostic indicator and potential therapeutic target in melanoma patients.

PurposeBig data analytics (BDA) and machine learning (ML) can be used to identify the influencing factors of online service supply chains (OSSCs) and can help in the formulation of optimal pricing strategies. This paper analyzes the influencing factors of customer online shopping from the demand-side perspective and formulates optimal pricing strategies from the supply-side perspective.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses ML and the Stackelberg game approach to discuss OSSC management. ML's feature selection algorithm is used to identify the important influencing factors of 12,330 customers' online shopping intention data using four different classifiers. The Stackelberg game approach is used to analyze the pricing strategies of integrators and suppliers in OSSCs.FindingsFirst, the feature selection algorithm can improve the efficiency of optimization in big data samples of OSSCs. Second, the level of visualization and the quality of information (page value) will affect the purchase behavior of customers. Finally, the relationship between the optimal pricing and the level of visualization is obtained through the Stackelberg game approach.Practical implicationsThis paper reveals the phenomenon of “mystery customers,” and the results of this paper can provide insights and suggestions regarding the decision-making behavior of integrators and suppliers in OSSC management.Originality/valueConsidering customer behavior intention, this paper uses a data-driven method to explore the influencing factors and pricing strategies of OSSCs. The empirical results enrich the existing OSSC management research, proposing that the level of product visualization and information quality plays an important role in OSSCs.

Background Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 520 (LINC00520), a novel identified lncRNA, has been shown to modulate the malignant phenotype of tumor cells in some malignant tumors. However, the exact role and molecular mechanism of LINC00520 in malignant melanoma has not been studied. Methods The expression of LINC00520 in melanoma tissues were detected by using RNA-seq analysis and qRT-PCR. Melanoma cases from the public databases (The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), GEO#GSE15605, GEO#GSE34460 and GEO#GSE24996) were included in this study. CCK-8 assay, EdU assay, transwell and scratch wound assay were used to explore the role of LINC00520 in melanoma cells. Luciferase reporter assays, MS2-RIP, RNA pull-down and RNA-ChIP assay were used to demonstrate the molecular biological mechanism of LINC00520 in melanoma. Results We found that LICN00520 was found to be overexpressed in melanoma tissue. High expression of LICN00520 is a risk factor for the prognosis of melanoma patients. LINC00520 promotes the proliferation, invasion and migration of melanoma cells. LICN00520 exerted its oncogenic role by competitive binding miR-125b-5p to promote Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 (EIF5A2) expression. We also showed that LICN00520 promotes the growth and metastasis of melanoma in vivo through regulating miR-125b-5p/EIF5A2 axis. Conclusions All results elucidated the role and molecular mechanism of LINC00520 in the malignant development of melanoma. LINC00520, a new oncogene in melanoma, maybe serve as a survival biomarkers or therapeutic target for melanoma patients.

In the present work, zirconium carbide-zirconium silicide composite powders were prepared by solid reaction using Zr and SiC powders as reactants. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that, after treatment at 800 ºC, the produced zirconium carbide-zirconium silicide diffusion layer was very thin and mainly consisted of ZrC and ZrSi2. After treatment above 900 ºC, the produced phases were mainly consisted of ZrC and ZrSi2, plus less ZrSi.

As a typical example of an innovative governance environment, innovative city has become the focus of political and academic circles. Discussing the green innovation effect of this policy is beneficial in providing decision support for enhancing urban green innovation capability and solving the dilemma of urban resources. Based on data from 241 cities in China from 2005 to 2017, this paper takes innovative city construction as a "quasi-natural experiment" and uses the difference-in-differences method to empirically study the impact of China's innovative city construction on urban green innovation. The results show that innovative urban construction: has a positive effect on improving urban green innovation, and that this effect will gradually increase with time; promotes urban green innovation by expanding the scope of technology application, improving the efficiency of resource allocation and promoting the adjustment of industrial structure; and presents heterogeneity in cities' location, size and hierarchy. Finally, this paper proposes that the government should promote innovative policies in an orderly manner on the basis of following the principle of adapting measures to local conditions, as well as incorporating green innovation performance into the evaluation system for innovative city construction.

The Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration (BTH) is striving to realize the transformation process from a low-efficiency to a high-quality development mode; however, it still has problems regarding reducing energy consumption and ecological environment pressure. Based on panel data from 2013 to 2017, this paper proposes an evaluation index system based on BTH’s “environmental protection–industrial structure–urbanization” system. In the course of applying the coupling degree model (CDM) and the coupling coordination degree model (CCDM) with exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) methods, this paper discusses the spatiotemporal process, development level, and spatial agglomeration characteristics of the environmental protection–industrial structure–urbanization system in each city of the BTH area. The findings reveal that the coupling degree of the BTH system is gradually increasing, and that the development level of the BTH subsystem is unbalanced: the coupling coordination level of BTH shows a positive evolution process; however, it is in a stage of low-level collaborative development, and there are obvious differences in the level of BTH coupling coordination in space, revealing the convergence of low–high and high–low types. This paper concludes by putting forward the strategy of optimizing the regional spatial pattern of urban agglomeration and implementing integrated development in order to achieve the desired coupling and coordination effects.

The human microbiome is a mixed group of microorganisms, which individually consists of 10-100 trillion symbiotic microbial cells. The relationship between gastrointestinal microbiota and blood pressure has been verified and the intestinal microbiota of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in the distribution of bacterial species is different from the flora of people with no CKD. The purpose of this research is to study the different intestinal microbiota of hypertensive patients with and without nephropathy and to find possible biomarkers of hypertensive nephropathy (H-CKD). The subjects of this research were divided into three groups, healthy control group, hypertension group, and hypertensive nephropathy group. Sequencing, bioinformatics, and statistical analysis were performed on the 16S rRNA gene of the subjects' stool samples. This research study showed the differences of intestinal flora as biomarkers in hypertension patients with and without nephropathy; it investigated the relationship of the differences in the intestinal microbiota with bile-acid metabolism; it also explored bile-acid metabolism mechanism of intestinal microbiota differences in hypertension with or without nephropathy. In summary, the difference in the combination of

The oxidation kinetics of a Cr3Si-Cr7C3/SiC/SiC-coated C/SiC were comparatively investigated in dry and wet air at 1300°C under 1 atm. After oxidation for 10 h, Cr2O3 and SiO2 were produced in both oxidations. However, a larger amount of SiO2 formed during the wet air oxidation. After the dry air oxidation, the surface of Cr3Si-Cr7C3/SiC/SiC coating became relatively loose with many pores. After the wet air oxidation, the surface of Cr3Si-Cr7C3/SiC/SiC coating became undulating and loose with notable damage at the position of bulges. The Cr3Si-Cr7C3/SiC/SiC-coated C/SiC showed paralinear weight gains in both oxidation environments. Although the initial weight gains within the first 1 h in the wet air oxidation condition were higher, the gradual weight gains thereafter were lower. The parabolic rate constant for oxide formation and the linear rate constant for oxide volatilization in the wet air oxidation condition were higher than those in the dry air oxidation condition.

Background: The human microbiome is a mixed group of microorganisms and has been verified the relationship between gastrointestinal microbiota and blood pressure. The intestinal microbiota of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in the distribution of bacterial species is different from the flora of people with no CKD. The purpose of this research is to study on the different intestinal microbiota of hypertensive patients with and without nephropathy and to find possible bio-markers to diagnose hypertensive nephropathy, as well as one of the basis for hypertensive nephropathy or CKD clinical intervention treatment. Methods: The study subjects were divided into three groups, normal control, simple hypertension and hypertensive nephropathy. Sequencing, bioinformatics and statistical analysis were performed on the 16S rRNA gene of the flora of the subjects' stool samples. Results: This research shows the difference of intestinal flora in hypertension patients with and without nephropathy; it investigates the relationship of the differences in the intestinal microbiota with bile-acid metabolism; it also explores bile-acid metabolism mechanism of intestinal microbiota differences of hypertensive with or without nephropathy. Conclusions: The different gastrointestinal microbiota is related to bile-acid metabolism in hypertensive patients, and can be one of the factors causing CKD. Trial registration: This article does not report the results of a health care intervention on human participants.

This paper is based on the case of the earth pressure balance (EPB) shield tunnelling project of the new Metro Line 2 undercrossing the existing Metro Line 1 in the soft soil urban area of Hangzhou. Because the EPB shield must break through a plain concrete wall before undercrossing the existing tunnels, the pipe roof prereinforcement was adopted to stabilize the soil between the existing tunnels and the new shield tunnel. The deformation characteristics of the existing tunnels in the process of double shield undercrossing were discussed. According to the variation of shield position, the settlement development could be divided into three stages: shield approaching subsidence, shield crossing heave, and shield leaving subsidence. The horizontal displacement shows a back and forth variation characteristic consistent with the direction of shield tunnelling. At the junction of tunnel and station, the shield undercrossing caused considerable differential settlement between the existing tunnel and the station. The construction of pipe roof prereinforcement will lead to the presettlement of the existing tunnels. The settlement of the existing tunnels caused by the attitude deviation of pipe roof and grouting disturbance should be reduced in reasonable ranges. In addition, the maximum longitudinal settlement of the existing tunnel during the shield second undercrossing was also discussed. It was considered that the influence of wall breaking is greater than the sequence of shield undercrossing. The driving parameters of shield tunnelling should be optimized before the second crossing.

Indoor air pollution is injurious to human health, even worse than outdoor air pollution. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence using large samples in developing countries regarding whether indoor air purification can improve human health by reducing indoor air pollutants. Using the data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2015, this study analyzes the relationship between indoor air purification and residents’ self-rated health. We apply the generalized ordered logit model and find that indoor air purification has a significantly positive effect on residents’ self-rated health. This positive effect is limited to improving the probability of residents’ health level being rated “good”, and there is no significant movement between the two levels of “bad” and “fair”. The results also show that, as an important source of indoor air pollutants, solid fuels used in cooking significantly reduced residents’ self-rated health level. Additional results show the heterogeneity of the relationship between indoor air purification and resident health among groups with different characteristics. This study provides empirical evidence for further optimizing the indoor air environment.

Oxidation behavior of a Cr3Si-Cr7C3/SiC/SiC coated C/SiC composite was investigated in wet air at 700, 900 and 1300 ºC under 1 atm with a gas velocity of 3.0 cm s-1, and compared with that of a SiC/SiC/SiC coated C/SiC composite. The wet oxidation produced phases on the Cr3Si-Cr7C3/SiC/SiC coating were Cr2O3 at 700 and 900 ºC, and Cr2O3 and SiO2 at 1300 ºC. The Cr3Si-Cr7C3/SiC/SiC coating showed enhanced protection against wet oxidation compared to the SiC/SiC/SiC coating. After oxidation for 10 h, the Cr3Si-Cr7C3/SiC/SiC coated composites showed nearly the same failure behavior and residual flexural strength as the as-received composites.

A detailed and systematic analysis is performed on the local and global properties of the recently developed Harmonic Polynomial Cell (HPC) method, a very accurate and efficient field solver for problems governed by the Laplace equation. At the local cell level, a simple rule is identified for the proper choice of harmonic polynomials in the local representation of the velocity potential in cells with symmetry properties. The local solution error, its convergence rate, its dependence on the cell topology, its distribution inside the cell and its features across cells with different dimensions, are carefully examined with relevant findings for HPC numerical implementations. At the global level, the error convergence rate is analytically estimated in terms of error contributions from the boundary conditions and from inside the liquid domain. In most cases, the error associated with boundary conditions dominates the global error. In order to minimize it, Quadtree grid strategies or high-order local expressions of the velocity potential are proposed for cells near critical boundary portions. To model accurately the boundary conditions on rigid or deformable surfaces with generic geometries, three different grid strategies are proposed by adopting concepts of immersed boundary method and overlapping grids. They are comparatively studied for a circular rigid cylinder in infinite fluid and for the propagation of a free-surface wave. Then, an immersed boundary strategy, using numerical choices suggested in this paper, is successfully compared against a fully nonlinear Boundary Element Method for the case of a surface-piercing circular cylinder heaving in otherwise calm water. This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Local and Global Properties of the Harmonic Polynomial Cell Method: In-depth Analysis in Two Dimensions, which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/nme.5631/epdf. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.

Chromium carbide coatings are prepared at 1173K (900°C) by powder immersion reaction-assisted coating (PIRAC) on low carbon of steel Q235 and T/P 24, respectively. After 2 hours of the PIRAC treatment, the detected phases of the coating formed on the 2 substrates are different. After 4 hours of PIRAC treatment, Cr23C6 is the only detected carbide for both substrates. The morphologies of the Cr23C6 coating formed on the 2 substrates are different. The Cr23C6 coating prepared on Q235 has higher hardness and better sliding wear resistance against alumina ball specimens than that prepared on T/P 24. Formation mechanism of the PIRAC chromium carbide coatings is proposed and then difference of the produced coating is discussed.

Wenkang Luan,1,* Yao Qian,2,* Xin Ni,3,* Xuefeng Bu,4 Yun Xia,1 Jinlong Wang,1 Hongru Ruan,1 Shaojun Ma,1 Bin Xu1 1Department of Plastic Surgery, 2Department of Neurosurgery, 3Department of Gastroenterology, 4Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: An increasing number of microRNAs have been found to be involved in tumorigenesis, including melanoma tumorigenesis. miR-204-5p is down-regulated and functions as a tumor suppressor in many human malignant tumors. miR-204-5p expression is also decreased in melanoma tissues, but its biological roles and molecular mechanisms in malignant melanoma remain unclear. In this study, the aberrant down-regulation of miR-204-5p was detected in melanoma, especially in metastatic melanoma. miR-204-5p also served as a protective factor for the prognosis of melanoma patients. We determined that miR-204-5p suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promotes cell apoptosis in melanoma. Matrix metalloproteinases-9 and B-cell lymphoma-2 are the functional targets of miR-204-5p, through which it plays an important biological role in malignant melanoma. The effect of miR-204-5p on malignant melanoma is verified using a xenograft model. We also determined that miR-204-5p increases 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin (DDP) chemosensitivity in malignant melanoma cells. This finding elucidates new functions and mechanisms for miR-204-5p in melanoma development, and provides potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of melanoma. Keywords: miR-204-5p, MMP9, BCL2, melanoma, cell apoptosis, migration, invasion

Digital speckle correlation (DSC) solves the problem of searching corresponding points between two images, and it shows great application potential in pattern-projection based fast 3D shape measurement, because only one shot is enough to retrieve the 3D structure. As DSC relies on analyzing the spatial intensity distribution of a subset in image with a given point, it is likely to get false correspondences in low quality DSC area such as the background, because the searching range is hard to locate. So it is still hard to use DSC to realize fast 3D shape measurement. To solve this problem, the gray standard deviation of the subset is designed to recognize and remove the low-quality DSC area, and the principle of epipolar geometry and disparity constraint are utilized to determine the searching range, so the correspondences can be obtained. Moreover, in order to enhance the robustness of this method, a connected region method based on neighboring pixels possessing similar disparity is proposed to remove mismatched points after establishing initial disparity map by correspondences. Once the disparity map is obtained 3D structure can be retrieved based on the triangulation principle. The experiment on reconstructing Gorky plaster statue is performed, verifying that the proposed method can substantially reduce mismatched points and achieve robust single frame 3D shape measurement.

Table S1. Univariate Cox proportional hazard model of mortality during 90-day follow-up in AKI patients. (PDF 247 kb)

The exploration of earth-abundant and efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is significant for a sustainable economy. Herein, a novel olivine structured lithium mixed transition-metal phosphate material anchored on graphene sheets (LiNi0.75Fe0.25PO4/rGO) is reported as a highly effective OER catalyst. The synergy between the catalytic activity of the olivine-structured LiNi0.75Fe0.25PO4 and the enhanced conducting, buffering and confining effects arising from in situ introduced graphene nanosheets resulted in superior electrocatalytic properties. It exhibits an extremely low overpotential of 295 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2, fast kinetics with a small Tafel slope of 47 mV per decade in an aqueous alkaline electrolyte and maintains its high catalytic activity after consecutive 2000 cycles, which are superior to those of the benchmark RuO2 and IrO2 catalysts under identical experimental conditions and comparable to those of the best noble metal-free OER electrocatalysts reported so far. This achievement provides a straightforward route to design cost-effective and efficient catalysts from commercially available materials to replace the state-of-the-art noble-metal electrocatalysts for large-scale water splitting.

Curcumin is a key polyphenolic curcuminoid extracted from the root of turmeric rhizome Curcuma longa Linn, which is a frequently used Chinese herb for the treatment of cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of the inhibitory effects of curcumin on nude mice with lung cancer A549 cell subsets side population (SP) and non-SP (NSP) cells. BALB/c mice were subcutaneously injected with the tumor cells of A549 SP or NSP subsets consisting of 1×109 cells/l (0.2 ml in total). After 16 days of inoculation with A549, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with curcumin (100 mg/kg, 0.2 ml) once every other day, eight times in total. A series of assays were performed to detect the effects of curcumin on: i) Tumor weight and size; ii) Notch and hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) mRNA expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction; and iii) vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) by immunohistochemistry. It was determined that curcumin decreased the tumor weight and size, downregulated the expression of Notch and HIF-1 mRNA and suppressed the VEGF and NF-κB expression. These results indicated that curcumin inhibited lung cancer growth through the regulation of angiogenesis mediated by VEGF signaling.

Introduction. Visceral pain is one of the most important pains caused by cancer or other diseases, and most of the medications may lead to tolerance, addiction, and toxic side effects. Hua-Jian-Ba-Du Ointment (HJBDO), which is a commonly used conjugate based on traditional Chinese medicine theory, has been effective against visceral pain. Here, we verify the efficacy and underlying mechanism of HJBDO in an acetic-acid induced visceral pain model. Methods. Mice were subjected to acetic acid with or without HJBDO. Hua-Jian-Ba-Du Ointment at low (7.5 mL/kg•d), moderate (15 mL/kg•d), and high (30 mL/kg•d) dosages was applied on the abdomen, 3 times per day for 3 days. The acetic acid writhing test was used to evaluate antinociception. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) in serum, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in peritoneal fluid were detected by ELISA. 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and β-endorphin (β-EP) were examined by high performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay, respectively. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR1) and c-fos expressions in both rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) and spinal dorsal horn were determined by western blot. Results. Hua-Jian-Ba-Du Ointment at 3 dosage levels produced dose-dependent antinociception and shortened the latent time. Hua-Jian-Ba-Du Ointment at high or moderate dosage inhibited the release of TNF-α, IL-6, and PGE2, as well as increased the release of IL-2. Hua-Jian-Ba-Du Ointment could also increase NE and 5-HT contents and decrease the NE content. No effect of HJBDO at 3 dosages on the DA system was detected. Furthermore, HJBDO could suppress the expressions of NMDAR and c-fos in both RVM and spinal dorsal horn. Conclusion. Our results exhibited the analgesic effect of HJBDO on visceral pain in mice, and this effect might be mediated by the regulation of inflammation and neurotransmitters.

Splitting water to produce oxygen is the key technique in the development of various energy conversion processes including metal-air batteries, fuel cells and water splitting. Herein, for the first time, we report a mesoporous LiNi1-xFexPO4@C (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) nano-structure as a highly effective catalyst for electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) through a spray dry method. In particular, the LiNi1-xFexPO4@C (3 : 1) shows superior activity to those state-of-the-art noble metal catalysts (e.g., RuO2 and IrO2), which only needs an overpotential of 311 mV to afford a current density of 10 mA cm(-2) and maintains its high catalytic activity after 1000 cycles.

The researching about mechanical arm in Chinese domestic is still in the initial stage, therefore this topic is selected. The researching is doing from two aspects, they are theoretical analyzing and empirical analyzing. Through using the theory of spline and the theory of optimization, establish the mathematical model. Then in the empirical researching, the mathematical model is used. After a series of empirical tests, the correct of theoretical analyzing and empirical analyzing is confirmed.