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There are three characteristics of river channel which are wandering, transitional, bending in the Lower Yellow River. The fluvial process is complicated and variable. The channel characteristics of wandering reach was analyzed, and then based on the measured data and model test data, the formation conditions, basic characteristics and influencing factor of the fluvial process law in wandering river were analyzed. All of this can provide technical guidance and theoretical support for river regulation of the Lower Yellow River.

By tracing the performance of China Yellow-River Xiaolangdi Reservoir from operation to 2008, authors found: when the depth of sediment in reservoir tributary ditch mouth is less than 30m or when the length of sediment in reservoir tributary ditch mouth is less than 2km, tributary mouth bar usually will not form. However, when the depth of sediment in reservoir tributary ditch mouth is between 30m and 50m or when the length of sediment in reservoir tributary ditch mouth is less from 2km to 5km, tributary mouth bar tends to form. Moreover, sometimes the mouth bar will show up, disappear and then show up, disappear.

The 2-D water flow mathematical model based on MIKE 21 software which reflects flood routing in the reach from Gaocun to Sunkou has been developed in this paper. Through the numerical simulation of the “96.8” typical flood, the simulating results in the condition of present topography are agreement with the measured ones. It shows that this model is basically reasonable in the selection aspects of river terrain, boundary treatment, roughness and water flow parameters, and the model has a reference value for simulating flood routing in the Lower Yellow River.

The relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of interleukin-17 (IL-17A), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), as well as its receptor (TGFR-β2) and susceptibility to intracerebral hemorrhage in patients with brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM) was investigated in the present study. A total of 53 patients with BAVM and 120 healthy controls were recruited, all of whom were Han Chinese from South China. There were no statistically significant differences in the IL-17A-197 guanine/adenine (G/A) or TGF-β1-509 cytosine/thymine (C/T) genotypes or gene frequencies between BAVM patients and controls (p>0.05), but the gene frequency of the TGFR-β2-875 A/G genotype in patients with BAVM was significantly higher (p

To observe the clinical and pathological characteristics of brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVM) embolized with the non-adhesive aqueous embolic agent Onyx and evaluate its application in comprehensive treatment of BAVM.Thirty-four patients underwent BAVM embolization using Onyx, and their clinical manifestations, architecture of the malformed vessels, emblization procedure, and complications associated with the procedures were recorded. The resected tissues after embolization with Onyx were observed with electron microscope, and the prognosis of the patients was estimated with modified Rankin Score (mRS).These patients included 21 male and 13 female patients with a mean age of 30.45-/+11.81 years and an estimated mean size of the nidus of 3.98-/+1.43 cm. The patients received a total of 52 endovascular treatment procedures with Onyx to embolize 86 feeding pedicals, which resulted in an average estimated size reduction of the nidus of (72.35-/+21.26)%. Complications associated with the procedure occurred in 7 patients, and 23 patients received surgical resection or radiosurgery after embolization. Follow-up of the patients for 6 months to 4 years showed that the mRS was below 3 in 32 cases andor =3 in 2 cases. Vasodilatation, brain tissue edema surrounding the nidus, and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the resected tissues after embolization. In some major feeding pedicals, thrombus recanalization was observed after embolization with Onyx (diameteror =3 mm).Endovascular treatment of BAVM with Onyx can achieve high occlusion rate, enhance the safety of operation and radiosurgery, and improve the clinical prognosis of the patients.

The Xiaolangdi Reservoir has entered the later sediment-retaining period, and new sediment transport phenomena and channel re-establishing behaviors are appearing. A physical model test was used to forecast the scouring and silting trends of the lower Yellow River. Based on water and sediment data from the lower Yellow River during the period from 1960 to 2012, and using a statistical method, this paper analyzed the sediment transport in sediment-laden flows with different discharges and sediment concentrations in the lower Yellow River. The results show that rational water-sediment regulation is necessary to avoid silting in the later sediment-retaining period. The combination of 3 000 m3/s