Author: "Shao, C" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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4,135 results on '"Shao, C"'

1. Detection of two TeV gamma-ray outbursts from NGC 1275 by LHAASO

Author: Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., Axikegu, Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, della Volpe, D., Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Heller, M., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, S. J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., and Zuo., X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA) is one of the components of Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) and can monitor any sources over two-thirds of the sky for up to 7 hours per day with >98\% duty cycle. In this work, we report the detection of two outbursts of the Fanaroff-Riley I radio galaxy NGC 1275 that were detected by LHAASO-WCDA between November 2022 and January 2023 with statistical significance of 5.2~$\sigma$ and 8.3~$\sigma$. The observed spectral energy distribution in the range from 500 GeV to 3 TeV is fitted by a power-law with a best-fit spectral index of $\alpha=-3.37\pm0.52$ and $-3.35\pm0.29$, respectively. The outburst flux above 0.5~TeV was ($4.55\pm 4.21)\times~10^{-11}~\rm cm^{-2}~s^{-1}$ and ($3.45\pm 1.78)\times~10^{-11}~\rm cm^{-2}~s^{-1}$, corresponding to 60\%, 45\% of Crab Nebula flux. Variation analysis reveals the variability time-scale of days at the TeV energy band. A simple test by one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model reproduces the data in the gamma-ray band well., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Published: 2024

2. LHAASO detection of very-high-energy gamma-ray emission surrounding PSR J0248+6021

Author: Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zheng, J. H., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., Zou, Y. C., and Zuo, X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report the detection of an extended very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray source coincident with the location of middle-aged (62.4~\rm kyr) pulsar PSR J0248+6021, by using the LHAASO-WCDA data of live 796 days and LHAASO-KM2A data of live 1216 days. A significant excess of \gray induced showers is observed both by WCDA in energy bands of 1-25~\rm TeV and KM2A in energy bands of $>$ 25~\rm TeV with 7.3 $\sigma$ and 13.5 $\sigma$, respectively. The best-fit position derived through WCDA data is R.A. = 42.06$^\circ \pm$ 0.12$^\circ$ and Dec. = 60.24$^\circ \pm $ 0.13$^\circ$ with an extension of 0.69$^\circ\pm$0.15$^\circ$ and that of the KM2A data is R.A.= 42.29$^\circ \pm $ 0.13$^\circ$ and Dec. = 60.38$^\circ \pm$ 0.07$^\circ$ with an extension of 0.37$^\circ\pm$0.07$^\circ$. No clear extended multiwavelength counterpart of this LHAASO source has been found from the radio band to the GeV band. The most plausible explanation of the VHE \gray emission is the inverse Compton process of highly relativistic electrons and positrons injected by the pulsar. These electrons/positrons are hypothesized to be either confined within the pulsar wind nebula or to have already escaped into the interstellar medium, forming a pulsar halo., Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, Accepted by Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron
Published: 2024

3. Constraints on Ultra Heavy Dark Matter Properties from Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with LHAASO Observations

Author: Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, della Volpe, D., Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Heller, M., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, S. J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Saiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., and Zuo, X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: In this work we try to search for signals generated by ultra-heavy dark matter at the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) data. We look for possible gamma-ray by dark matter annihilation or decay from 16 dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the field of view of LHAASO. Dwarf spheroidal galaxies are among the most promising targets for indirect detection of dark matter which have low fluxes of astrophysical $\gamma$-ray background while large amount of dark matter. By analyzing more than 700 days observational data at LHAASO, no significant dark matter signal from 1 TeV to 1 EeV is detected. Accordingly we derive the most stringent constraints on the ultra-heavy dark matter annihilation cross-section up to EeV. The constraints on the lifetime of dark matter in decay mode are also derived., Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures, accepted by PRL
Published: 2024

4. Discovery of Very-high-energy Gamma-ray Emissions from the Low Luminosity AGN NGC 4278 by LHAASO

Author: Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zheng, J. H., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., Zou, Y. C., and Zuo, X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The first source catalog of Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory reported the detection of a very-high-energy gamma ray source, 1LHAASO J1219+2915. In this paper a further detailed study of the spectral and temporal behavior of this point-like source have been carried. The best-fit position of the TeV source ($\rm{RA}=185.05^{\circ}\pm0.04^{\circ}$, $\rm{Dec}=29.25^{\circ}\pm0.03^{\circ}$) is compatible with NGC 4278 within $\sim0.03$ degree. Variation analysis shows an indication of the variability at a few months level in the TeV band, which is consistent with low frequency observations. Based on these observations, we report the detection of TeV $\gamma$-ray emissions from this low-luminosity AGN NGC 4278. The observations by LHAASO-WCDA during active period has a significance level of 8.8\,$\sigma$ with best-fit photon spectral index $\varGamma=2.56\pm0.14$ and a flux $f_{1-10\,\rm{TeV}}=(7.0\pm1.1_{\rm{sta}}\pm0.35_{\rm{syst}})\times10^{-13}\,\rm{photons\,cm^{-2}\,s^{-1}}$, or approximately $5\%$ of the Crab Nebula. The discovery of VHE from NGC 4278 indicates that the compact, weak radio jet can efficiently accelerate particles and emit TeV photons., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2024

5. LHAASO-KM2A detector simulation using Geant4

Author: Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zheng, J. H., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., and Zuo, X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: KM2A is one of the main sub-arrays of LHAASO, working on gamma ray astronomy and cosmic ray physics at energies above 10 TeV. Detector simulation is the important foundation for estimating detector performance and data analysis. It is a big challenge to simulate the KM2A detector in the framework of Geant4 due to the need to track numerous photons from a large number of detector units (>6000) with large altitude difference (30 m) and huge coverage (1.3 km^2). In this paper, the design of the KM2A simulation code G4KM2A based on Geant4 is introduced. The process of G4KM2A is optimized mainly in memory consumption to avoid memory overffow. Some simpliffcations are used to signiffcantly speed up the execution of G4KM2A. The running time is reduced by at least 30 times compared to full detector simulation. The particle distributions and the core/angle resolution comparison between simulation and experimental data of the full KM2A array are also presented, which show good agreement.
Published: 2024
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6. Measurements of All-Particle Energy Spectrum and Mean Logarithmic Mass of Cosmic Rays from 0.3 to 30 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A

Author: The LHAASO Collaboration, Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, A., Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, della Volpe, D., Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Heller, M., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, S. J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., and Zuo, X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We present the measurements of all-particle energy spectrum and mean logarithmic mass of cosmic rays in the energy range of 0.3-30 PeV using data collected from LHAASO-KM2A between September 2021 and December 2022, which is based on a nearly composition-independent energy reconstruction method, achieving unprecedented accuracy. Our analysis reveals the position of the knee at $3.67 \pm 0.05 \pm 0.15$ PeV. Below the knee, the spectral index is found to be -$2.7413 \pm 0.0004 \pm 0.0050$, while above the knee, it is -$3.128 \pm 0.005 \pm 0.027$, with the sharpness of the transition measured with a statistical error of 2%. The mean logarithmic mass of cosmic rays is almost heavier than helium in the whole measured energy range. It decreases from 1.7 at 0.3 PeV to 1.3 at 3 PeV, representing a 24% decline following a power law with an index of -$0.1200 \pm 0.0003 \pm 0.0341$. This is equivalent to an increase in abundance of light components. Above the knee, the mean logarithmic mass exhibits a power law trend towards heavier components, which is reversal to the behavior observed in the all-particle energy spectrum. Additionally, the knee position and the change in power-law index are approximately the same. These findings suggest that the knee observed in the all-particle spectrum corresponds to the knee of the light component, rather than the medium-heavy components., Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2024
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7. Neutron radius determination of 133Cs and its impact on the interpretation of CEvNS-CsI measurement

Author: Huang, Y., Xia, S. Y., Li, Y. F., Tu, X. L., Zhang, J. T., Shao, C. J., Yue, K., Ma, P., Niu, Y. F., Li, Z. P., Kuang, Y., Liu, X. Q., Han, J. F., Egelhof, P., Litvinov, Yu. A., Wang, M., Zhang, Y. H., Zhou, X. H., and Sun, Z. Y.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: Proton-$^{133}$Cs elastic scattering at low momentum transfer is performed using an in-ring reaction technique at the Cooler Storage Ring at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou. Recoil protons from the elastic collisions between the internal H$_2$-gas target and the circulating $^{133}$Cs ions at 199.4 MeV/u are detected by a silicon-strip detector. The matter radius of $^{133}$Cs is deduced by describing the measured differential cross sections using the Glauber model. Employing the adopted proton distribution radius, a point-neutron radius of 4.86(21) fm for $^{133}$Cs is obtained. With the newly determined neutron radius, the weak mixing angle sin$^2 \theta_W$ is independently extracted to be 0.227(28) by fitting the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering data. Our work limits the sin$^2 \theta_W$ value in a range smaller than the ones proposed by the previous independent approaches, and would play an important role in searching new physics via the high precision CE$\nu$NS-CsI cross section data in the near future.
Published: 2024

8. Indian Shot (Canna Indica L). Leaves Provide Valuable Insights into the Management of Inflammation and Other Associated Disorders Offering Health Benefits

Author: Taher MA, Hasnat H, Alam S, Shompa SA, Afroze M, Khan M, Shao C, Wang S, Geng P, and Mamun AA
Subjects: canna indica, gc-ms/ms, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, analgesic, molecular docking, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Mohammad Abdullah Taher,1,2 Hasin Hasnat,3 Safaet Alam,1,4 Suriya Akter Shompa,3 Mirola Afroze,2 Mala Khan,2 Chuxiao Shao,5 Shuanghu Wang,5 Peiwu Geng,5 Abdullah Al Mamun5 1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh; 2Bangladesh Reference Institute for Chemical Measurements (BRiCM), Dhaka, 1205 Bangladesh; 3Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1207 Bangladesh; 4Chemical Research Division, BCSIR Dhaka Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh; 5Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Abdullah Al Mamun, Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-19715780050, Email pharmaalmamun@yahoo.comBackground: Throughout history, plants have played a crucial role in advancing medicinal treatments by providing a diverse range of compounds for the development of innovative therapies. Canna indica L. a tropical herb of the Cannaceae family, also known as Indian shot, has a rich history of traditional use in treating ailments like inflammation, malaria, dysentery, fever, dropsy, and diarrhea.Objective: This comprehensive research invesigates the extract preparation of C. indica leaves using multidisciplinary analytical approaches for this extract in order to shed light on its therapeutic potentials.Methods: The research, an international collaboration involving researchers from Bangladesh and China, utilized GC-MS/MS analysis to identify bioactive compounds across different C. indica extracts. Biological assays were conducted to assess antimicrobial activity using the disc diffusion method (in vitro), cytotoxicity through the brine shrimp lethality assay (in vitro), analgesic effects via the acetic acid-induced writhing test (in vivo), and antidiarrheal activity with the castor oil-induced diarrhea model (in vivo). Molecular docking studies were performed to determine binding affinities with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR), Delta Opioid Receptor (DOR), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) receptors.Results: The GC-MS/MS analysis identified 35, 43, 27, and 20 compounds in dichloromethane, aqueous, petroleum ether, and ethyl acetate extracts, respectively. The aqueous (AQSF) and dichloromethane (DCMSF) extracts showed notable antimicrobial activity, particularly against gram-negative bacteria. Cytotoxicity tests indicated that ethyl acetate (EASF) and dichloromethane (DCMSF) fractions were potent. Analgesic activity was highest in DCMSF, and antidiarrheal effects were dose-dependent, with DCMSF showing the greatest efficacy. Molecular docking revealed strong affinities of Ergostane-3,5,6,12,25-pentol, 25-acetate, (3.beta.,5.alpha.,6.beta.,12.beta).- for EGFR and Norgestrel for COX-2.Conclusion: This research provides valuable insights into the bioactivity evaluation of C. indica, bridging the gap between its chemical composition and diverse biological effects. The findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge in natural product-based drug discovery and underscore the significance of C. indica as a potential source of novel therapeutic agents to treat inflammation and other disease states.Keywords: Canna indica, GC-MS/MS, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, analgesic, molecular docking
Published: 2024

9. Does or did the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A operate as a PeVatron?

Author: Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, della Volpe, D., Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Heller, M., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, S. J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., and Zuo., X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: For decades, supernova remnants (SNRs) have been considered the prime sources of Galactic Cosmic rays (CRs). But whether SNRs can accelerate CR protons to PeV energies and thus dominate CR flux up to the knee is currently under intensive theoretical and phenomenological debate. The direct test of the ability of SNRs to operate as CR PeVatrons can be provided by ultrahigh-energy (UHE; $E_\gamma \geq 100$~TeV) $\gamma$-rays. In this context, the historical SNR Cassiopeia A (Cas A) is considered one of the most promising target for UHE observations. This paper presents the observation of Cas A and its vicinity by the LHAASO KM2A detector. The exceptional sensitivity of LHAASO KM2A in the UHE band, combined with the young age of Cas A, enabled us to derive stringent model-independent limits on the energy budget of UHE protons and nuclei accelerated by Cas A at any epoch after the explosion. The results challenge the prevailing paradigm that Cas A-type SNRs are major suppliers of PeV CRs in the Milky Way., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, Accepted by the APJL
Published: 2023

10. Very high energy gamma-ray emission beyond 10 TeV from GRB 221009A

Author: Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, A., Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, della Volpe, D., Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Heller, M., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, S. J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., and Zuo, X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The highest energy gamma-rays from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have important implications for their radiation mechanism. Here we report for the first time the detection of gamma-rays up to 13 TeV from the brightest GRB 221009A by the Large High Altitude Air-shower Observatory (LHAASO). The LHAASO-KM2A detector registered more than 140 gamma-rays with energies above 3 TeV during 230$-$900s after the trigger. The intrinsic energy spectrum of gamma-rays can be described by a power-law after correcting for extragalactic background light (EBL) absorption. Such a hard spectrum challenges the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) scenario of relativistic electrons for the afterglow emission above several TeV. Observations of gamma-rays up to 13 TeV from a source with a measured redshift of z=0.151 hints more transparency in intergalactic space than previously expected. Alternatively, one may invoke new physics such as Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) or an axion origin of very high energy (VHE) signals., Comment: 49pages, 11figures
Published: 2023
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11. Single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing reveal heterogeneity and diagnostic markers in papillary thyroid carcinoma lymph-node metastasis

Author: Lu, D.-N., Zhang, W.-C., Lin, Y.-Z., Jiang, H.-Y., He, R., Li, S.-L., Zhang, Y.-N., Shao, C.-Y., Zheng, C.-M., Xu, J.-J., and Ge, M.-H.
Published: 2024
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12. The First LHAASO Catalog of Gamma-Ray Sources

Author: Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, della Volpe, D., Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Heller, M., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, S. J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., and Zuo., X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: We present the first catalog of very-high energy and ultra-high energy gamma-ray sources detected by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). The catalog was compiled using 508 days of data collected by the Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA) from March 2021 to September 2022 and 933 days of data recorded by the Kilometer Squared Array (KM2A) from January 2020 to September 2022. This catalog represents the main result from the most sensitive large coverage gamma-ray survey of the sky above 1 TeV, covering declination from $-$20$^{\circ}$ to 80$^{\circ}$. In total, the catalog contains 90 sources with an extended size smaller than $2^\circ$ and a significance of detection at $> 5\sigma$. Based on our source association criteria, 32 new TeV sources are proposed in this study. Among the 90 sources, 43 sources are detected with ultra-high energy ($E > 100$ TeV) emission at $> 4\sigma$ significance level. We provide the position, extension, and spectral characteristics of all the sources in this catalog., Comment: 40 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables
Published: 2023
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13. Measurement of ultra-high-energy diffuse gamma-ray emission of the Galactic plane from 10 TeV to 1 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A

Author: Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, della Volpe, D., Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Heller, M., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, S. J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Saiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., and Zuo, X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The diffuse Galactic $\gamma$-ray emission, mainly produced via interactions between cosmic rays and the interstellar medium and/or radiation field, is a very important probe of the distribution, propagation, and interaction of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. In this work we report the measurements of diffuse $\gamma$-rays from the Galactic plane between 10 TeV and 1 PeV energies, with the square kilometer array of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). Diffuse emissions from the inner ($15^{\circ}10$~TeV). The energy spectrum in the inner Galaxy regions can be described by a power-law function with an index of $-2.99\pm0.04$, which is different from the curved spectrum as expected from hadronic interactions between locally measured cosmic rays and the line-of-sight integrated gas content. Furthermore, the measured flux is higher by a factor of $\sim3$ than the prediction. A similar spectrum with an index of $-2.99\pm0.07$ is found in the outer Galaxy region, and the absolute flux for $10\lesssim E\lesssim60$ TeV is again higher than the prediction for hadronic cosmic ray interactions. The latitude distributions of the diffuse emission are consistent with the gas distribution, while the longitude distributions show clear deviation from the gas distribution. The LHAASO measurements imply that either additional emission sources exist or cosmic ray intensities have spatial variations., Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables; accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters; source mask file provided as ancillary file
Published: 2023
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14. Influence of brand differential on motivation to conform and manufacturer versus store brand purchase intention

Author: Tran, E., Balas, A., Shao, C., Dubinsky, A., and Jackson, L.
Subjects: manufacturer brand, store brand, brand differential, motivation to conform, Business, HF5001-6182
Abstract: Relationships and characteristics that influence consumers’ purchase decision between store brand and manufacturer brand product offerings have emerged as an interesting and practical area of research. From a management perspective, understanding the process by which consumers make purchase choices between these brand offerings would lead to both theoretical and practical applications. Therefore, this study attempts to enhance understanding about the factors that influence consumers’ manufacturer versus store brand purchase decisions. A conceptual model is developed to integrate the manner by which a consumer’s motivation to conform to the perceived social norm of purchasing manufacturer brand products influences this purchase decision. The model is tested using survey data. Findings indicate the importance of the intensity of perceived differences between store brand and manufacturer brand product offerings in affecting consumers’ purchase intention of these products. The relationship is also mediated by consumers’ motivation to conform to manufacturer brand products in their purchase decision.
Published: 2014

15. Role of Pyroptosis in Endometrial Cancer and Its Therapeutic Regulation

Author: Al Mamun A, Geng P, Wang S, and Shao C
Subjects: endometrial cancer, pyroptosis, nlrp3, caspase-1, gsdmd, il-1β, il-18, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Abdullah Al Mamun,1,2 Peiwu Geng,1 Shuanghu Wang,1 Chuxiao Shao1 1Key Laboratory of Joint Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Disease and Liver Cancer of Lishui, The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China; 2Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Chuxiao Shao; Shuanghu Wang, Key Laboratory of Joint Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Disease and Liver Cancer of Lishui, the Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China, Email scx1818@126.com; wangshuanghu@lsu.edu.cnAbstract: Pyroptosis is an inflammatory cell death induced by inflammasomes that release several pro-inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Pyroptosis, a type of programmed cell death, has recently received increased interest both as a therapeutic and immunological mechanism. Numerous studies have provided substantial evidence supporting the involvement of inflammasomes and pyroptosis in a variety of pathological conditions including cancers, nerve damage, inflammatory diseases and metabolic conditions. Researchers have demonstrated that dysregulation of pyroptosis and inflammasomes contribute to the progression of endometriosis and gynecological malignancies. Current research also indicates that inflammasome and pyroptosis-dependent signaling pathways may further induce the progression of endometrial cancer (EC). More specifically, dysregulation of NLR family pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) and caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis play a contributory role in the pathogenesis and development of EC. Therefore, pyroptosis-regulated protein gasdermin D (GSDMD) may be an independent prognostic biomarker for the detection of EC. This review presents the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis-dependent signaling pathways and their contributory role and function in advancing EC. Moreover, this review offers new insights into potential future applications and innovative approaches in utilizing pyroptosis to develop effective anti-cancer therapies. Keywords: endometrial cancer, pyroptosis, NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-1β, IL-18
Published: 2024

16. Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic and Anti-Oxidant Effects of Shirakiopsis Indica (Willd). Fruit Extract: A Mangrove Species in the Field of Inflammation Research

Author: Jiko PA, Mohammad M, Richi FT, Islam MA, Alam S, Taher MA, Shao C, Wang S, Geng P, and Mamun AA
Subjects: natural products, medicinal plants, shirakiopsis indica, acute oral toxicity, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, gc-ms/ms, molecular docking, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Pair Ahmed Jiko,1 Mahathir Mohammad,1 Fahmida Tasnim Richi,2 Md. Anisul Islam,3 Safaet Alam,2,4 Mohammad Abdullah Taher,2,5 Chuxiao Shao,6 Shuanghu Wang,6 Peiwu Geng,6 Abdullah Al Mamun6 1Department of Chemistry, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chittagong, 4349, Bangladesh; 2Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh; 3Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4202, Bangladesh; 4Chemical Research Division, BCSIR Dhaka Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh; 5Bangladesh Reference Institute for Chemical Measurements (BRiCM), Laboratory Road, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh; 6Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Abdullah Al Mamun, Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-19715780050, Email pharmaalmamun@yahoo.comBackground: Shirakiopsis indica (Willd)., commonly known as Sa-Mor-Ta-Lay in Thailand, is a mangrove plant belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family. As mangrove plants’ medicinal potentials are less explored, this study sought to qualitatively and quantitatively verify the bioactive components of Shirakiopsis indica fruits methanolic extract (SIF-ME) at the side of its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects followed by in-silico studies.Methods: The in-vivo assessments of analgesic activity involved the hot plate test, acetic acid-induced writhing test, and formalin-induced licking test. The anti-inflammatory efficacy was assessed through the human RBC membrane stabilization assay (HRBC), protein denaturation assay, and xylene-induced ear edema methods. Antioxidant potential was implemented by the DPPH scavenging method.Results: The SIF-ME consistently displayed significant anti-nociceptive activity in a dose-dependent pattern (p < 0.05). The maximum analgesic activity was found in the highest dose (200 mg/kg; p < 0.001) in a hot plate, acetic acid-induced writhing test 43.47%, and in formalin-induced licking test in both early phase (43.3%; p < 0.01) and late phase (61.84%; p < 0.001%). The extract provided optimal protection against hemolysis (83.41% decrease) at 1000 μg/mL and significantly inhibited protein denaturation (67.34– 26.05%) at doses of 1000– 62.5 μg/mL. At 200 mg/kg, the extract showed dose-dependent and substantial inhibition (54.07%; p < 0.01) of xylene-induced ear edema. The in-vitro DPPH (IC50 = 469.5 μg/mL) results showed remarkable scavenging activity and concentration-dependent reducing power. The extract demonstrates no acute oral toxicity, as indicated by an LD50 value exceeding 1000 mg/kg body weight. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) analysis was performed which yielded sixty bioactive compounds. In-silico and molecular docking studies revealed favorable pharmacological properties, including good binding affinities and ADME/T profiles.Conclusion: These results support the medicinal use of the plant, which makes it a potential source of analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant candidates.Keywords: natural products, medicinal plants, shirakiopsis indica, acute oral toxicity, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, GC-MS/MS, molecular docking
Published: 2024

17. MRI Radiomics Combined with Clinicopathological Factors for Predicting 3-Year Overall Survival of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Hepatectomy

Author: Kuang F, Gao Y, Zhou Q, Lu C, Lin Q, Al Mamun A, Pan J, Shi S, Tu C, and Shao C
Subjects: hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatectomy, mri radiomics, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Fangyuan Kuang,1,2 Yang Gao,3 Qingyun Zhou,4 Chenying Lu,3 Qiaomei Lin,4 Abdullah Al Mamun,5 Junle Pan,6 Shuibo Shi,7 Chaoyong Tu,4,&ast; Chuxiao Shao2,&ast; 1School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, People Hospital of Lishui, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China; 5Key Laboratory of Joint Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Disease and Liver Cancer of Lishui, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China; 6First Academy of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China; 7The First Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi, 330000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chaoyong Tu, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China, Email tcy7409@163.comBackground: A limited number of studies have examined the use of radiomics to predict 3-year overall survival (OS) after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study develops 3-year OS prediction models for HCC patients after liver resection using MRI radiomics and clinicopathological factors.Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 141 patients who underwent surgical resection of HCC was performed. Patients were randomized into two set: the training set (n=98) and the validation set (n=43) including the survival groups (n=111) and non-survival groups (n=30) based on 3-year survival after hepatectomy. Furthermore, x2 or Fisher’s exact test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine independent clinicopathological risk factors associated with 3-year OS. 1688 quantitative imaging features were extracted from preoperative T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) of arterial phase (AP), portal venous phases (PVP)and delay period (DP). The features were selected using the variance threshold method, the select K best method and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. By using Bernoulli Naive Bayes (BernoulliNB) and Multinomial Naive Bayes (MultinomialNB) classifiers, we constructed models based on the independent clinicopathological factors and Rad-scores. To determine the best model, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and Delong’s test were used. Moreover, calibration curves were used to determine the calibration ability of the model, while decision curve analysis (DCA) was implemented to evaluate its clinical benefit.Results: The fusion model showed excellent prediction precision with AUC of 0.910 and 0.846 in training and validation set and revealed significant diagnostic accuracy and value in the calibration curve and DCA analysis.Conclusion: Nomograms based on MRI radiomics and clinicopathological factors have significant predictive value for 3-year OS after hepatectomy and can be used for risk classification.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatectomy, MRI radiomics
Published: 2024

18. Pyroptosis in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy and its Therapeutic Regulation

Author: Al Mamun A, Shao C, Geng P, Wang S, and Xiao J
Subjects: diabetes mellitus, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, inflammation, pyroptosis, nlrp3, caspase-1, gsdmd, il-1β and il-18, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Abdullah Al Mamun,1,2 Chuxiao Shao,1 Peiwu Geng,1 Shuanghu Wang,1 Jian Xiao1– 3 1Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China; 2Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Wound Healing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jian Xiao, Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China, Email xfxj2000@126.com Shuanghu Wang, Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China, Email wangshuanghu@lsu.edu.cnAbstract: Pyroptosis is a pro-inflammatory form of cell death resulting from the activation of gasdermins (GSDMs) pore-forming proteins and the release of several pro-inflammatory factors. However, inflammasomes are the intracellular protein complexes that cleave gasdermin D (GSDMD), leading to the formation of robust cell membrane pores and the initiation of pyroptosis. Inflammasome activation and gasdermin-mediated membrane pore formation are the important intrinsic processes in the classical pyroptotic signaling pathway. Overactivation of the NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome triggers pyroptosis and amplifies inflammation. Current evidence suggests that the overactivation of inflammasomes and pyroptosis may further induce the progression of cancers, nerve injury, inflammatory disorders and metabolic dysfunctions. Current evidence also indicates that pyroptosis-dependent cell death accelerates the progression of diabetes and its frequent consequences including diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Pyroptosis-mediated inflammatory reaction further exacerbates DPN-mediated CNS injury. Accumulating evidence shows that several molecular signaling mechanisms trigger pyroptosis in insulin-producing cells, further leading to the development of DPN. Numerous studies have suggested that certain natural compounds or drugs may possess promising pharmacological properties by modulating inflammasomes and pyroptosis, thereby offering potential preventive and practical therapeutic approaches for the treatment and management of DPN. This review elaborates on the underlying molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis and explores possible therapeutic strategies for regulating pyroptosis-regulated cell death in the pharmacological treatment of DPN. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Inflammation, Pyroptosis, NLRP3, Caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-1β and IL-18
Published: 2024

19. Flux Variations of Cosmic Ray Air Showers Detected by LHAASO-KM2A During a Thunderstorm on 10 June 2021

Author: LHAASO Collaboration, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, Bai, L. X., Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Zhe, Cao, Zhen, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, X. J., Chen, Y., Cheng, H. L., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, della Volpe, D., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fan, Z. X., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Gu, F. L., Guo, J. G., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, S. L., He, X. B., He, Y., Heller, M., Hor, Y. K., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S., Hu, S. C., Hu, X. J., Huang, D. H., Huang, W. H., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, S. J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. S., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Long, W. J., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Masood, A., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Nan, Y. C., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shi, J. Y., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, B. D., Wang, C., Wang, H., Wang, H. G., Wang, J. C., Wang, J. S., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, R., Wang, R. N., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Z. H. Wang. Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., W, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. X., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yang, C. W., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zeng, Z. K., Zha, M., Zhai, X. X., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, Lu, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zheng, Y., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., and Zuo, X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) has three sub-arrays, KM2A, WCDA and WFCTA. The flux variations of cosmic ray air showers were studied by analyzing the KM2A data during the thunderstorm on 10 June 2021. The number of shower events that meet the trigger conditions increases significantly in atmospheric electric fields, with maximum fractional increase of 20%. The variations of trigger rates (increases or decreases) are found to be strongly dependent on the primary zenith angle. The flux of secondary particles increases significantly, following a similar trend with that of the shower events. To better understand the observed behavior, Monte Carlo simulations are performed with CORSIKA and G4KM2A (a code based on GEANT4). We find that the experimental data (in saturated negative fields) are in good agreement with simulations, assuming the presence of a uniform upward electric field of 700 V/cm with a thickness of 1500 m in the atmosphere above the observation level. Due to the acceleration/deceleration and deflection by the atmospheric electric field, the number of secondary particles with energy above the detector threshold is modified, resulting in the changes in shower detection rate., Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2022
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20. Development, Validation and Clinical Utility of a Risk Prediction Model for Maternal and Neonatal Adverse Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Hypothyroidism

Author: Shao C, Chen Q, Tang S, Wang C, and Sun R
Subjects: pregnancy with hypothyroidism, maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes, nomogram, forecasting model, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Cuixiang Shao,1,2 Qi Chen,3 Siwen Tang,4 Chaowen Wang,1 Renjuan Sun5 1Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, People’s Republic of China; 2Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Intensive Care Unit, First People ‘s Hospital of Pinghu, Pinghu, Zhejiang, 314299, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Nutrition, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Renjuan Sun, Department of Nutrition, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13813479833, Email sunrj2023rj@163.comPurpose: This study aimed to create, verify and assess the clinical utility of a prediction model for maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes in pregnant women with hypothyroidism.Methods: A prediction model was developed, and its accuracy was tested using data from a retrospective cohort. The study focused exclusively on female patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism who were admitted to a tertiary hospital. The development and validation cohort comprised individuals who gave birth between 1 October 2020 and 31 December 2022. The primary outcome was a combination of crucial maternal and newborn problems (eg premature births, abortions and neonatal asphyxia). The prediction model was developed using logistic regression. Evaluation of the model’s performance was conducted based on its ability to discriminate, calibrate and provide clinical value.Results: In total, nine variables were chosen to develop the predictive model for adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes during pregnancy with hypothyroidism. The area under the curve of the model for predicting maternal adverse outcomes was 0.845, and that for predicting neonatal adverse outcomes was 0.685. The calibration plots showed good agreement between the nomogram predictions and the actual observations in both the training and validation cohorts. Furthermore, decision curve analysis suggested that the nomograms were clinically useful and had good discriminative power to identify high-risk mother–infant cases.Conclusion: Two models to predict the risk probability of maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes in pregnant women with hypothyroidism were developed and verified to assist physicians in evaluating maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes throughout pregnancy with hypothyroidism and to facilitate decision-making regarding therapy.Keywords: pregnancy with hypothyroidism, maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes, nomogram, forecasting model
Published: 2024

21. Risk Factors of Perinatal Negative Mood and Its Influence on Prognosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Author: Yang Z, Shao C, and Tang C
Subjects: anxiety, depression, puerpera, perinatal period, negative emotions, Psychology, BF1-990, Industrial psychology, HF5548.7-5548.85
Abstract: Zheng Yang, Cuixiang Shao, Chen Tang Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Chen Tang, Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, People’s Republic of China, Email 15852766902@163.comBackground: Maternal anxiety or depression in the perinatal period has a high prevalence. The negative emotion during the puerpera is unfavorable to the process of childbirth and also affects the recovery and the quality of life in postpartum patients significantly. The present study aimed to elucidate the risk factors of negative emotion in perinatal women and its influence on prognosis to provide a reference for improving maternal prognosis.Methods: Initially, 350 expectant mothers were randomly enrolled in the present study between August 2021 and August 2022. Among these, after applying the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 314 patients were eventually selected. The independent risk factors of negative emotion and poor prognosis were analyzed through binary logistics regression and multiple linear regression. Follow-up was conducted via telephone, email, and a follow-up visit one month after discharge.Results: Among the included patients, 18 (5.7%) had prenatal anxiety, 16 (5.1%) had prenatal depression, 31 (9.9%) had postnatal anxiety, and 28 (8.9%) had postnatal depression. Perinatal negative emotional risk factors include age, marital relationship, regular prenatal examination, E2 level, 5-HT level before and after delivery, family monthly income, neonatal health, breastfeeding time, intrapartum hemorrhage, constipation and other complications. The development of postpartum negative emotions is a risk factor for maternal prognosis.Conclusion: The results showed that the risk factors of perinatal depression and anxiety were complex. In order to improve the quality of life of pregnant women, maintain their long-term emotional stability, and promote their postpartum recovery, it may be considered to promote the use of screening tools to identify women at risk of anxiety and depression before and after delivery, and timely psychological counseling for patients with high risk factors to promote their mental health.Keywords: anxiety, depression, puerpera, perinatal period, negative emotions
Published: 2024

22. The Mechanism of Pyroptosis and Its Application Prospect in Diabetic Wound Healing

Author: Al Mamun A, Shao C, Geng P, Wang S, and Xiao J
Subjects: diabetes mellitus, diabetic wound healing, pyroptosis, nlrp3, caspase-1, gsdmd, inflammation, inflammasome, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Abdullah Al Mamun,1,2 Chuxiao Shao,1 Peiwu Geng,1 Shuanghu Wang,1 Jian Xiao2,3 1Central Laboratory of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui City, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China; 2Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Wound Healing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jian Xiao, Email xfxj2000@126.comAbstract: Pyroptosis defines a form of pro-inflammatory-dependent programmed cell death triggered by gasdermin proteins, which creates cytoplasmic pores and promotes the activation and accumulation of immune cells by releasing several pro-inflammatory mediators and immunogenic substances upon cell rupture. Pyroptosis comprises canonical (mediated by Caspase-1) and non-canonical (mediated by Caspase-4/5/11) molecular signaling pathways. Numerous studies have explored the contributory roles of inflammasome and pyroptosis in the progression of multiple pathological conditions such as tumors, nerve injury, inflammatory diseases and metabolic disorders. Accumulating evidence indicates that the activation of the NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome results in the activation of pyroptosis and inflammation. Current evidence suggests that pyroptosis-dependent cell death plays a progressive role in the development of diabetic complications including diabetic wound healing (DWH) and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). This review presents a brief overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying pyroptosis and addresses the current research on pyroptosis-dependent signaling pathways in the context of DWH. In this review, we also present some prospective therapeutic compounds/agents that can target pyroptotic signaling pathways, which may serve as new strategies for the effective treatment and management of diabetic wounds.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, diabetic wound healing, pyroptosis, NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, inflammation, inflammasome
Published: 2024

23. Application of Three-Dimension Printing Nano-Carbonated-Hydroxylapatite to the Repair of Defects in Rabbit Bone

Author: Wang S, Shao C, Zhao X, Guo Y, Song H, Shen L, Zhou Z, and Li Z
Subjects: bone, 3d printing, hydroxylapatite, lutein, repair, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Shujie Wang,1,2 Chunyan Shao,2 Xingkai Zhao,1 Yizhe Guo,1 Houhui Song,2 Lida Shen,3 Zhenlei Zhou,1 Zhen Li4,5 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People’s Republic of China; 3College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210016, People’s Republic of China; 4College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People’s Republic of China; 5State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhenlei Zhou, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 (25) 84395505, Email zhouzl@njau.edu.cn Zhen Li, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 (25) 84399827, Email lizhen@njau.edu.cnIntroduction: Hydroxylapatite (HAp) is a biodegradable bone graft material with high biocompatibility. However, the clinical application of HAp has been limited due to the poor absorption rate in vivo.Methods: In this study, carbonated hydroxylapatite (CHAp) with a chemical composition similar to natural bone was synthesized. HAp and CHAp scaffolds were fabricated by 3D printing. Each material was designed by two types of scaffold model with a maximum width of 8 mm and a thickness of 2 mm, ie, structure I (round shape) and structure II (grid shape). Then, the HAp scaffolds were loaded with lutein. These scaffolds were implanted into the 8 mm bone defect on the top of the rabbit skull within 3 hours in the morning. The curative effects of the scaffolds were assessed two months after implantation.Results: The 3D printed scaffolds did not cause severe inflammation or rejection after implantation. It showed that the porous structures allow bone cells to enter into the scaffolds. Furthermore, CHAp scaffolds were more biocompatible than HAp scaffolds, and showed a higher level of degradation and new bone formation after implantation. Structure II scaffolds with a smaller mineral content degraded faster than structure I, while structure I had better osteoconductive properties than structure II. Besides, the addition of lutein significantly enhanced the rate of new bone formation.Discussion: The uniqueness of this study lies in the synthesis of 3D printed CHAp scaffolds and the implantation of CHAp in rabbit bone defects. The incorporation of suitable carbonate and lutein into HAp can enhance the osteoinductivity of the graft, and CHAp has a faster degradation rate in vivo, all of which provide a new reference for the research and application of apatite-based composites.Keywords: bone, 3D printing, hydroxylapatite, lutein, repair
Published: 2024

24. c-Normality and coprime action in finite groups

Author: Beltrán, A. and Shao, C.
Published: 2023
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25. Label-free differentiation of pancreatic pathologies from normal pancreas utilizing end-to-end three-dimensional multimodal networks on CT

Author: Zhang, G., Gao, Q., Zhan, Q., Wang, L., Song, B., Chen, Y., Bian, Y., Ma, C., Lu, J., and Shao, C.
Published: 2024
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26. Identification and Validation of Biglycan as Prognosis and Therapy Markers for Patients with Stomach Adenocarcinoma [Retraction]

Author: Shao C, Cheng C, Shao Q, and Chen B
Subjects: biglycan, stomach adenocarcinoma, high expression, immune infiltration, prognosis, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Shao C, Cheng C, Shao Q, Chen B. Int J Gen Med. 2021;14:3497–3509. We, the Editor and Publisher of the journal International Journal of General Medicine have retracted the published article. Following publication of the article, concerns were raised that the images used in Figure 3 were not taken from stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) tissue or cancer cell lines as described. Specifically, The two immunohistochemical images of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) tissue for Figure 3A are not STAD tissues but are labelled as thyroid cancer tissues on the website (https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000182492-BGN/pathology/thyroid+cancer#img). The image used for Figure 3C does not show a cancer cell line, as stated in the figure legend, but an image from a normal human foreskin fibroblast cell line (BJ) as described on the website (https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000182492-BGN/subcellular#img). The corresponding author did not respond to our queries and was unable to provide a satisfactory explanation for how the images came to be incorrectly used or provide satisfactory original data for the study. As verifying the validity of published work is core to the integrity of the scholarly record, the Publisher and Editor requested to retract the article and the corresponding author was notified of this decision. We have been informed in our decision-making by our editorial policies and COPE guidelines. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.
Published: 2024

27. Measurement of $^{58}$Ni($p$, $p$)$^{58}$Ni elastic scattering at low momentum transfer by using the HIRFL-CSR heavy-ion storage ring

Author: Yue, K., Zhang, J. T., Tu, X. L., Shao, C. J., Li, H. X., Ma, P., Mei, B., Chen, X. C., Yang, Y. Y., Liu, X. Q., Xing, Y. M., Fang, K. H., Li, X. H., Sun, Z. Y., Wang, M., Egelhof, P., Litvinov, Yu. A., Blaum, K., Zhang, Y. H., and Zhou, X. H.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The very first in-ring reaction experiment at the HIRFL-CSR heavy-ion storage ring, namely proton elastic scattering on stable $^{58}$Ni nuclei, is presented. The circulating $^{58}$Ni$^{19+}$ ions with an energy of 95 MeV/u were interacting repeatedly with an internal hydrogen gas target in the CSRe experimental ring. Low energy proton recoils from the elastic collisions were measured with an ultra-high vacuum compatible silicon-strip detector. Deduced differential cross sections were normalized by measuring K-shell X-rays from $^{58}$Ni$^{19+}$ projectiles due to the $^{58}$Ni$^{19+}$-H$_2$ ionization collisions. Compared to the experimental cross sections, a good agreement has been achieved with the theoretical predictions in the measured region, which were obtained by using the global phenomenological optical model potentials. Our results enable new research opportunities for optical model potential studies on exotic nuclides by using the in-ring reaction setup at the HIRFL-CSR facility.
Published: 2020
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28. Employing $p+^{58}$Ni elastic scattering for determination of $K$-shell ionization cross section of $^{58}$Ni$^{19+}$ in collisions with hydrogen gas target at 95 MeV/u

Author: Zhang, J. T., Yue, K., Shao, C. J., Tu, X. L., Wang, Y. Y., Ma, P., Mei, B., Chen, X. C., Yang, Y. Y., Sun, Z. Y., Wang, M., Shevelko, V. P., Tolstikhina, I. Yu., Litvinov, Yu. A., Zhang, Y. H., and Zhou, X. H.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present a new experimental method for measuring inner-shell ionization cross sections of low-charged ions colliding with hydrogen gas target in a storage ring. The method is based on a calibration by the well-known differential cross sections of proton elastic scattering on nuclei. $K$-shell ionization cross section of 1047(100) barn for the 95 MeV/u $^{58}$Ni$^{19+}$ ions colliding with hydrogen atoms was obtained in this work. Compared to the measured ionization cross section, a good agreement is achieved with the prediction by the Relativistic Ionization CODE Modified program (RICODE-M).
Published: 2020
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29. Strong relativistic effect on (quasi)resonance electron-capture processes in non-symmetrical heavy ion-atom collisions

Author: Kozhedub, Y. S., Bondarev, A. I., Cai, X., Ma, X., Plunien, G., Shabaev, V. M., Shao, C., Tupitsyn, I. I., Yang, B., and Yu, D.
Subjects: Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract: (Quasi)resonance electron-capture processes in non-symmetrical $(Z_{\rm P} \simeq 2Z_{\rm T})$ heavy ion-atom collisions are studied employing a semiclassical atomic Dirac-Fock-Sturm orbital coupled-channel approach within an independent-particle model. %A special attention has been paid to study a role of the relativistic effects. Systematic calculations of the electron-capture cross sections of the target $K$-shell electrons to the $L$ subshells of the projectile have been carried out for the collisions of bare thorium $(Z_{\rm P}=90)$ and zinc $(Z_{\rm P}=30)$ nuclei with hydrogenlike ions $(Z_{\rm T}=36$-$47)$ and $(Z_{\rm T}=12$-$15)$, correspondingly. Strong relativistic effects, crucial for the case of Th$^{90+}$-Ru$^{43+}(1s)$ collisions in the low-energy regime, are found. Various one- and two-electron capture processes occurring in course of the collisions of the two-electron system Th$^{90+}$-Ru$^{42+}(1s^2)$ have been investigated in details in the wide range of collision energies $0.5$-$50$~MeV/u. The impact parameter dependencies of the double electron-capture processes are also presented. Our study demonstrates a very significant role of the relativistic effects for the processes, which becomes crucial in the low-energy regime., Comment: 26 pages, 17 figures
Published: 2020

30. A comparative study of pilomatricoma and epidermoid cyst with ultrasound

Author: Wei, X., Cheng, D., Shao, C., Pang, K., Xiao, J., Zhang, Y., Wu, M., Zhang, L., Ni, P., and Zhang, F.
Published: 2023
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31. Reconstruction of Cherenkov image by multiple telescopes of LHAASO-WFCTA

Author: Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, Bai, L. X., Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Zhe, Cao, Zhen, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Liang, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, H. L., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., D’Ettorre Piazzoli, B., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, della Volpe, D., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fan, Z. X., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, J. G., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, S. L., He, X. B., He, Y., Heller, M., Hor, Y. K., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S., Hu, S. C., Hu, X. J., Huang, D. H., Huang, W. H., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Levochkin, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, S. J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. S., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Long, W. J., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Masood, A., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Nan, Y. C., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shi, J. Y., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, B. D., Wang, C., Wang, H., Wang, H. G., Wang, J. C., Wang, J. S., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, R., Wang, R. N., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. X., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yang, C. W., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zeng, Z. K., Zha, M., Zhai, X. X., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, Lu, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zheng, Y., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., and Zuo, X.
Published: 2022
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32. A review on thermal conductivity of unsaturated bentonite

Author: Ye, W M, primary, Shao, C Y, additional, Lu, P H, additional, Liu, Z R, additional, and Chen, L, additional
Published: 2024
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33. A review and evaluation of thermal conductivity model of compacted bentonite and its mixture

Author: Ye, W M, primary, Shao, C Y, additional, and Chen, L, additional
Published: 2024
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34. Co3O4@carbon with high Co2+/Co3+ ratios derived from ZIF-67 supported on N-doped carbon nanospheres as stable bifunctional oxygen catalysts

Author: Li, Y., Li, J., Dai, Y., Li, X., Shao, C., Sun, Y., Wang, R., and Zou, J.
Published: 2021
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35. Quantitative Analysis and Pathological Basis of Signal Intensity on T2-Weighted MR Images in Benign and Malignant Parotid Tumors

Author: Wei P, Shao C, Tian M, Wu M, Wang H, Han Z, and Hu H
Subjects: parotid tumor, signal intensity ratio, pathology, magnetic resonance imaging, t2-weighted imaging, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Peiying Wei,1,2,&ast; Chang Shao,3,&ast; Min Tian,4 Mengwei Wu,5 Haibin Wang,2 Zhijiang Han,2 Hongjie Hu1 1Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Radiology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhijiang HanDepartment of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail hzjsyy@126.comHongjie HuDepartment of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail hongjiehu@zju.edu.cnObjective: To investigate the value of the signal intensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging using quantitative analysis in the differentiation of parotid tumors.Materials and Methods: MR data of 80 pleomorphic adenomas (PAs), 68 Warthin tumors (WTs), and 34 malignant tumors (MTs) confirmed by surgery and histology were retrospectively analyzed. The signal intensities of tumor, normal parotid gland, spinal cord, and buccal subcutaneous fat were measured, and the signal intensity ratios (SIRs) between the tumor and the three references were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimal threshold and diagnostic efficiency of SIR for differentiating PAs, WTs, and MTs.Results: The area under the curve (AUC) of tumor to parotid gland SIR (SIRP), tumor to spinal cord SIR (SIRC), and tumor to buccal subcutaneous fat SIR (SIRF) for differentiating PAs and WTs was 0.922, 0.918, and 0.934, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity at an optimal SIR threshold were 86.3% and 91.2%, 80.0% and 97.1%, and 85.0% and 94.1%, respectively. The AUC of SIRP, SIRC, and SIRF for distinguishing PAs from MTs was 0.793, 0.802, and 0.774, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity at an optimal SIR threshold was 86.3% and 61.8%, 80.0% and 73.5%, and 82.5% and 73.5%, respectively. The AUC of SIRP, SIRC, and SIRF for distinguishing WTs from MTs was 0.716, 0.709, and 0.759, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity at an optimal SIR threshold were 61.8% and 82.4%, 55.9% and 82.4%, and 64.7% and 86.8%, respectively.Conclusion: SIRP, SIRC, and SIRF on T2-weighted MR images had high diagnostic efficiency for differentiating between PAs and WTs, while SIRP and SIRC for differentiating between PAs and MTs, and SIRF for differentiating between WTs and MTs had relatively high diagnostic efficiency.Keywords: parotid tumor, signal intensity ratio, pathology, magnetic resonance imaging, T2-weighted imaging
Published: 2021

36. Evaluation of the Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of CSF Presepsin Levels in Patients with Postneurosurgical Ventriculitis/Meningitis

Author: Zhang G, Zhang C, Zheng G, and Shao C
Subjects: presepsin, cerebrospinal fluid, postneurosurgical ventriculitis/meningitis, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Guanghui Zheng,1– 3,&ast; Chenxi Zhang,1– 3,&ast; Guojun Zhang,1– 3 Chunqing Shao1– 3 1Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital and Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of in vitro Diagnostics, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Beijing Engineering Research Center of Immunological Reagents Clinical Research, Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission, Beijing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chunqing Shao; Guojun Zhang Tel +86 18600148997; +86 15811219411Email shaocq0210@163.com; zgjlunwen@163.comAim: To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of CSF presepsin levels in patients with postneurosurgical ventriculitis/meningitis (PNVM).Methods: We conducted a case-control study to achieve our aims. First, we prospectively enrolled patients who had undergone neurosurgery in Beijing Tiantan Hospital from June to November 2020 and measured the CSF levels of 8 biomarkers, including presepsin and other meningitis biomarkers. The diagnostic and prognostic accuracies of presepsin levels were evaluated by determining the values for the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).Results: Two hundred thirty-nine patients were enrolled in this study; 34 were diagnosed with confirmed ventriculitis/meningitis (cVM), 138 were classified as probable ventriculitis/meningitis (pVM), and the others were rejected ventriculitis/meningitis (rVM). Presepsin levels effectively diagnose cVM and predict the outcomes of patients with PNVM, with thresholds of 1257.4 pg/mL and 1276.2 pg/mL and AUCs of 0.746 and 0.825, respectively. Furthermore, a joint analysis with CSF lactate (C-Lac) levels shows that the AUCs of the two markers increased to 0.856 and 0.872, respectively.Conclusion: The rapid diagnosis and prediction of the clinical outcome is important in neurosurgery. CSF presepsin levels are an impressive diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for meningitis, and when combined with C-Lac, they indeed improve the diagnostic and predictive efficiency of PNVM.Keywords: presepsin, cerebrospinal fluid, postneurosurgical ventriculitis/meningitis
Published: 2021

37. Identification and Validation of Biglycan as Prognosis and Therapy Markers for Patients with Stomach Adenocarcinoma

Author: Shao C, Cheng C, Shao Q, and Chen B
Subjects: biglycan, stomach adenocarcinoma, high expression, immune infiltration, prognosis, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Changming Shao,1,&ast; Chunfa Cheng,2,&ast; Qinshu Shao,3 Bing Chen1 1Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Vascular Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311100, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bing ChenDepartment of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 1511 Jianghong Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail 2114008@zju.edu.cnQinshu ShaoDepartment of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, 158 Shangtang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail chmshao@126.comObjective: Previous studies have confirmed the biglycan (BGN) as a core gene in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). Present study aimed at conducting further investigations to reveal the potential function of BGN in STAD.Methods: The mRNA and protein expressions of BGN in STAD were firstly evaluated, followed by immune infiltration analyses. The influence of BGN expression on the overall survival of STAD patients was subsequently analyzed, and a restrict survival analysis was performed as well. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis on the co-expressed genes with BGN was finally adopted to obtain the most important module in the whole network, and significant Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway associated with hub genes within the main module was further predicted.Results: (1) We verified the mRNA high expression of BGN in STAD (all P< 0.05), and higher expression was observed in patients with stage 4 (P< 0.001) and grade 3 (P< 0.001). The BGN protein was mainly localized to the golgi apparatus, and protein expression displayed an individual difference. (2) Immune infiltration analysis showed the strongest correlation between BGN expression and abundance of natural killer cell (P< 0.001), Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 (TGFB1) (P< 0.001), TNF Receptor Superfamily Member 4 (TNFRSF4) (P< 0.001) and C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12 (CXCL12) (P< 0.001) in STAD. BGN expression was also correlated to immune subtypes (P=0.0347) and molecular subtypes (P=0.0263) in STAD. (3) High expression of BGN shortened the overall survival time of STAD patients (all P< 0.01). The influence of BGN expression on the prognosis was statistically affected by several clinical phenotypes and cohorts of patients. Cox regression showed that BGN can be considered as a prognostic predictor of STAD (P< 0.05). (4) Pathway analysis indicated that BGN possibly participated in ECM–receptor interaction, focal adhesion, human papillomavirus infection and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway (all P< 0.001).Conclusion: BGN was highly expressed in STAD, implying a poor prognosis of patients. Relevant signal pathways associated with BGN were distinguished as well. BGN could be used as a potential therapeutic biomarker for STAD.Keywords: biglycan, stomach adenocarcinoma, high expression, immune infiltration, prognosis
Published: 2021

38. Adenocarcinoma of High-Grade Patterns Associated with Distinct Outcome of First-Line Chemotherapy or EGFR-TKIs in Patients of Relapsed Lung Cancer

Author: Yu X, Dong Z, Wang W, Mao S, Pan Y, Liu Y, Yang S, Chen B, Wang C, Li X, Zhao C, Jia K, Shao C, Wu C, Ren S, and Zhou C
Subjects: adenocarcinoma, micropapillary, solid, chemotherapy, egfr-tkis., Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Xiaofei Yu,1,* Zhengwei Dong,2,* Wanying Wang,1 Shiqi Mao,1 Yingying Pan,1 Yiwei Liu,1 Shuo Yang,1 Bin Chen,1 Chunyan Wang,1 Xuefei Li,3 Chao Zhao,3 Keyi Jia,1 Chuchu Shao,1 Chunyan Wu,2 Shengxiang Ren,1 Caicun Zhou1 1Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Lung Cancer and Immunology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shengxiang RenDepartment of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-21-65115006Fax +86-21-65111298Email harry_ren@126.comChunyan WuDepartment of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507, Zheng Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of ChinaFax +86-21-65111298Email wuchunyan581@163.comPurpose: High-grade patterns (micropapillary/solid/complex gland) are associated with a higher recurrence rate and shorter disease-free survival. Thus far, it remains unclear whether the efficacy of first-line anticancer therapy is different from that of the other adenocarcinoma subgroups for patients with high-grade patterns. The study aimed to investigate the association between an adenocarcinoma with high-grade patterns with the outcomes of first-line treatment in patients with lung cancer.Patients and Methods: Patients with a high-grade pattern adenocarcinoma (more than 20% of micropapillary/solid components/complex glandular patterns) were retrospectively analyzed between June 2015 and June 2017. Patients’ clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were compared with those of the remaining control adenocarcinoma subgroups.Results: In total, 239 patients with adenocarcinoma, including 115 (48.1%) high-grade patterns and 124 (51.9%) control groups, were enrolled. Patients’ clinical characteristics such as age, sex, smoking status, and stage were similar between the two groups. Among them, 108 patients received first-line chemotherapy, and 131 received epidermal growth factor receptor–tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). In the chemotherapy group, adenocarcinoma of high-grade patterns had a significantly lower objective response rate (ORR; 15.6% vs 36.4%, P=0.045), shorter progression-free survival (PFS; median 4.1 vs 5.4 months, P=0.007) and overall survival (OS, median 19.6 vs 23.8 months, P=0.048) compared with the control group. As for these treated with EGFR-TKIs, a similar ORR (70.7% vs 72.1%, P=0.703), PFS (median 11.3 vs 13.9 months, P=0.065) and OS (median 34.1 vs 29.6%, p=0.575) were observed between these two groups.Conclusion: An adenocarcinoma with high-grade patterns is associated with inferior outcomes to first-line chemotherapy in relapsed lung cancer. Patients who received chemotherapy had a significantly shorter PFS and OS and lower ORR than control subjects, while there was no difference in the EGFR-TKI cohort. This study is the first to report the distribution of adenocarcinoma with high-grade patterns.Keywords: adenocarcinoma, micropapillary, solid, chemotherapy, EGFR-TKIs
Published: 2021

39. Ultimate impedance of coherent heat conduction in van der Waals graphene-MoS2 heterostructures

Author: Hu, S., Ju, S., Shao, C., Guo, J., Xu, B., Ohnishi, M., and Shiomi, J.
Published: 2021
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40. Patient-specific and real-time model of numerical simulation of the hemodynamics of type B aortic dissections

Author: Tomasi, J., Le Bars, F., Shao, C., Lucas, A., Lederlin, M., Haigron, P., and Verhoye, J.P.
Published: 2020
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41. The effect of algal blooms on carbon emissions in western lake erie: An integration of remote sensing and eddy covariance measurements

Author: Ouyang, Z, Shao, C, Chu, H, Becker, R, Bridgeman, T, Stepien, CA, John, R, and Chen, J
Subjects: algal bloom, carbon flux, ecosystem, large lake, MODIS, chlorophyll, biomass, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Geomatic Engineering, Classical Physics
Abstract: Lakes are important components for regulating carbon cycling within landscapes. Most lakes are regarded as CO2 sources to the atmosphere, except for a few eutrophic ones. Algal blooms are common phenomena in many eutrophic lakes and can cause many environmental stresses, yet their effects on the net exchange of CO2 (Fco2) at large spatial scales have not been adequately addressed. We integrated remote sensing and Eddy Covariance (EC) technologies to investigate the effects that algal blooms have on FCO2 in the western basin of Lake Erie-a large lake infamous for these blooms. Three years of long-term EC data (2012-2014) at two sites were analyzed. We found that at both sites: (1) daily FCO2 significantly correlated with daily temperature, light, and wind speed during the algal bloom periods; (2) monthly FCO2 was negatively correlated with chlorophyll-a concentration; and (3) the year with larger algal blooms was always associated with lower carbon emissions. We concluded that large algal blooms could reduce carbon emissions in the western basin of Lake Erie. However, considering the complexity of processes within large lakes, the weak relationship we found, and the potential uncertainties that remain in our estimations of Fco2 and chlorophyll-a, we argue that additional data and analyses are needed to validate our conclusion and examine the underlying regulatory mechanisms.
Published: 2017

42. A study of shot peening and spinning rolling on fatigue of Al 7075 alloy samples

Author: Guan, Y., primary, Zhang, Z. J., additional, Gong, B. S., additional, Wang, H. W., additional, Shao, C. W., additional, Liu, R., additional, Hou, J. P., additional, Li, X. T., additional, Zhao, Z. K., additional, Sheinerman, A. G., additional, and Zhang, Z. F., additional
Published: 2024
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43. Distributed Evolution Strategies with Multi-Level Learning for Large-Scale Black-Box Optimization

Author: Duan, Q, Shao, C, Zhou, G, Zhang, M, Zhao, Q, Shi, Y, Duan, Q, Shao, C, Zhou, G, Zhang, M, Zhao, Q, and Shi, Y
Published: 2024

44. Optimized start-up strategies for elemental sulfur packing bioreactor achieving effective autotrophic denitrification.

Author: Sun, Y-L, Zhang, J-Z, Ngo, HH, Shao, C-Y, Wei, W, Zhang, X-N, Guo, W, Cheng, H-Y, Wang, A-J, Sun, Y-L, Zhang, J-Z, Ngo, HH, Shao, C-Y, Wei, W, Zhang, X-N, Guo, W, Cheng, H-Y, and Wang, A-J
Abstract: The start-up efficiency of the elemental sulfur packing bioreactor (S0PB) is constrained by the slow growth kinetics of autotrophic microorganisms, which is essentially optimized. This study aims to optimize start-up procedures and offer scientific guidance for the practical applications of S0PB. Through comparing the start-up efficiencies under various conditions related to inoculation, backwashing, and EBCT, it was found that these conditions did not significantly influence start-up time, but they did impact denitrification performance in detail. Using activated sludge as the inoculum was not recommended as the 2.5 ± 0.2 mg-N/L higher nitrite accumulation and 26.0 ± 5.1 % lower TN removal rate, compared to self-enrichment. Starting with a long-to-short EBCT (1 → 0.33 h) achieved higher nitrate removal of 11.5 ± 0.6 mg-N/L and eliminated nitrite accumulation compared to constantly short EBCT (0.33 h) conditions. Daily and postponed backwashing were suggested for long-to-short EBCT and constantly short EBCT start-up, respectively. Enrichment of Sulfurimonas was beneficial for the effective nitrite reduction process.
Published: 2024

45. Solution-processed wide band gap transparent conducting Sr0.94La0.06SnO3 films

Author: He, Y.D., Wei, R.H., Gong, C.Z., Shao, C., Hu, L., Song, W.H., Zhu, X.B., and Sun, Y.P.
Published: 2024
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46. Matter radius of Kr 78 from proton elastic scattering at 153 MeV

Author: National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Tu, X. L. [0000-0003-2162-5109], Sarriguren, Pedro [0000-0002-0986-6703], Kuang, Y. [0000-0002-3068-9924], Horiuchi, W. [0000-0003-0039-3783], Inakura, T. [0000-0003-4596-6178], Xayavong, L. [0000-0002-0580-8733], Sun, Y. [0000-0002-1411-4135], Yue, K. [0000-0002-5931-5256], Shao, C. J. [0000-0003-0590-8571], Litvinov, Yu A. [0000-0002-7043-4993], Wang, M. [0000-0003-2408-8089], Zhang, Y. H. [0000-0002-6126-1728], Sun, Z. Y. [0000-0002-7667-3178], Zhang, J. T., Ma, P., Huang, Y., Tu, X. L., Sarriguren, Pedro, Li, Z. P., Kuang, Y., Horiuchi, W., Inakura, T., Xayavong, L., Sun, Y., Kaneko, K., Liu, X. Q., Yue, K., Shao, C. J., Zeng, Q., Mei, B., Egelhof, P., Litvinov, Yu A., Wang, M., Zhang, Y. H., Zhou, X. H., Sun, Z. Y., National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Tu, X. L. [0000-0003-2162-5109], Sarriguren, Pedro [0000-0002-0986-6703], Kuang, Y. [0000-0002-3068-9924], Horiuchi, W. [0000-0003-0039-3783], Inakura, T. [0000-0003-4596-6178], Xayavong, L. [0000-0002-0580-8733], Sun, Y. [0000-0002-1411-4135], Yue, K. [0000-0002-5931-5256], Shao, C. J. [0000-0003-0590-8571], Litvinov, Yu A. [0000-0002-7043-4993], Wang, M. [0000-0003-2408-8089], Zhang, Y. H. [0000-0002-6126-1728], Sun, Z. Y. [0000-0002-7667-3178], Zhang, J. T., Ma, P., Huang, Y., Tu, X. L., Sarriguren, Pedro, Li, Z. P., Kuang, Y., Horiuchi, W., Inakura, T., Xayavong, L., Sun, Y., Kaneko, K., Liu, X. Q., Yue, K., Shao, C. J., Zeng, Q., Mei, B., Egelhof, P., Litvinov, Yu A., Wang, M., Zhang, Y. H., Zhou, X. H., and Sun, Z. Y.
Abstract: Small-angle differential cross sections of proton elastic scattering off Kr78 with a collision energy of 152.7 MeV/u were measured at the experimental Cooler Storage Ring of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL-CSR). Low energy recoil protons from the elastic scattering were counted by a silicon-strip detector to determine relative differential cross sections. A model-dependent root-mean-square matter radius of 4.16(12) fm for the Kr78 nucleus was deduced by employing the Glauber model. Compared to the proton radius of 4.13 fm for Kr78, our center value of matter radius is slightly larger. This finding in Kr78 is opposite to the known results of Kr76,80, where the matter radii are smaller than the corresponding proton radii. However, considering the relatively large radius error of Kr78, the difference is not statistically significant, and further experiments are necessary.
Published: 2023

47. Signal optimization at oversaturated intersections based on deep learning.

Author: Wang, F., Han, N., Shao, C. F., Li, K., and Sun, Z. D.
Subjects: DEEP learning, FEEDBACK control systems, MARKOV processes, AUTODIDACTICISM, GRAPHIC methods, CITY traffic
Abstract: In this paper, a discrete model of delays at oversaturated intersections was established by using the graphic analysis method and a reward function. The problem of optimizing signal control at an oversaturated intersection was transformed into a Markov decision process by utilizing queue length as the state variable and choice of green ratio as the action. Following this, a self-learning method for signal optimization (SLSO) at oversaturated intersections based on deep learning (dueling Q-leaming, Dueling DQN) with priority experience replay (PER) was proposed. Moreover, dynamic learning rate and dynamic e-greedy strategy were used to accelerate convergence and achieve better model optimization. Constraints and penalties on queue length were set to avoid traffic overflow. The results of comparative simulations showed that the traditional method yielded the longest delay while the two-stage bang-bang control method led to the shortest delay, with a reduction in the delay of about 13.3%. The proposed SLSO could reduce the delay by about 12.3% and the maximum queue length by 1.7% without constraints on queuing, and by 5.1% and 13%, respectively, with constraints on queuing in place. Finally, a real-world 4-phase intersection was selected to prove that the proposed SLSO method is widely applicable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024

48. Single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing reveal heterogeneity and diagnostic markers in papillary thyroid carcinoma lymph-node metastasis

Author: Lu, D.-N., primary, Zhang, W.-C., additional, Lin, Y.-Z., additional, Jiang, H.-Y., additional, He, R., additional, Li, S.-L., additional, Zhang, Y.-N., additional, Shao, C.-Y., additional, Zheng, C.-M., additional, Xu, J.-J., additional, and Ge, M.-H., additional
Published: 2023
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49. EP09.03-02 Local Ablation Induces Abscopal Effects and Improves the Efficacy of Continuous ICIs in Advanced NSCLC Patients with Oligo-progression

Author: Wu, L., primary, Shao, C., additional, Chen, B., additional, Yu, J., additional, Zhi, X., additional, Zhou, F., additional, Zhou, C., additional, Xu, Y., additional, and Ren, S., additional
Published: 2023
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50. Nonlocal Plasmonic Modes and Plasmonic Band Structures in Cylindrically Curved Graphene

Author: Zhou, Y. and Shao, C. Q.
Published: 2019
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4,135 results on '"Shao, C"'

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