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Ying Zhang,1,* Ziyun Shi,2,* Haixia Liang,1 Meixia Chen,1 Yan Sun,1 Fujun Shang,3 Yi Wan4 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing 986 hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Obstetrics, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiology, Xi’an Gem Flower Changqing Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Health Service, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yi Wan, Department of Health Service, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle Xilu, Xi’an, 710032, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-29-84712676, Email wanyi@fmmu.edu.cn Fujun Shang, Department of Cardiology, Xi’an Gem Flower Changqing Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710201, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-29-86022756, Email shangfujun4@163.comObjective: Validation of blood pressure (BP) monitors in pregnant women are needed to ensure the accurate measurement of BP in pregnancy. Therefore the study aimed to evaluate the measurement accuracy of the G.LAB MD41A0 oscillometric automatic upper-arm blood pressure monitor in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia women according to the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard (ISO 81060– 2:2018).Methods: A total of 45 pregnant women were included in the cross-sectional validation study. The same left-arm sequential method was used for blood pressure measurement, and the blood pressure differences between the test device and the mercury standard reference were assessed according to the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard.Results: The participants included 15 normotensives, 15 gestational hypertension and 15 pre-eclampsia. The average (mean ± SD) differences between the device and mercury standard was − 0.84± 3.88 mmHg and − 0.58± 3.35 mmHg for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, for the validation Criterion 1. The SD of the averaged differences between the device and reference readings per participant was 2.92 mmHg and 2.28 mmHg for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, for the Criterion 2 of the universal standard.Conclusion: The G.LAB MD41A0 automatic upper-arm blood pressure monitor fulfills the criteria of the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard and can be recommended for clinical use and self-measurement in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia.Keywords: blood pressure monitor, validation, universal standard, pregnancy, pre-eclampsia

Tongsong Zhang,1,* Fangfang Shang,2,* Yanhui Ma,3 Yanxia Xu,1 Weihong Sun,4 Haiping Song1 1Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, 266042, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology, No. 971 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Navy, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Clinical Laboratory, Biotherapy Center, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266042, People’s Republic of China; 4Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, 266042, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Haiping Song; Yanxia Xu, Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, 127 Siliu South Road, Qingdao, 266042, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 532 8496 2202 ; +86 532 84962203, Fax +86 532-84963506, Email yanguangcanlanning@163.com; xyx1021@126.comObjective: To investigate whether the expression of Hsp70 is associated with Cav-1 in promoting the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells in COPD.Methods: The plasma Cav-1, Hsp70 expression were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The frequencies of circulating Th17, Treg cells and Th17/Treg ratio were determined by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from subjects were transfected with Cav-1 or control plasmids and Hsp70 plasmid.Results: We found that Cav-1 expression was lower but the levels of Hsp70 and Th17 cells were higher in COPD than in healthy control (HC). Hsp70 expressions were positively correlated with Cav-1 levels, Th17 cells, and Th17/Treg ratio in COPD but not in HC. Cav-1 over-expression resulted in an increase in Hsp70 and Th17 levels. Suppressing Hsp70 expressing by small interfering RNA (siRNA), the decline of Th17 frequency was observed in Cav-1-overexpressed PBMCs.Conclusion: Collectively, our results illuminate that Cav-1 contributes to the imbalance of Th17/Treg through potentially regulating Hsp70 expression.Keywords: caveolin-1, COPD, Hsp70, IL-17+ Th17 cells, Foxp3+ Treg cells

Qilin Fan,1,* Fumei Shang,1,* Chen Chen,1 Hongxia Zhou,1 Jun Fan,2 Ming Yang,2 Xiu Nie,2 Li Liu,3 Kailin Cai,4 Hongli Liu1 1Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hongli LiuCancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-27-85871962Fax +86-27-65650733Email hongli_liu@hust.edu.cnKailin CaiDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-27-85871962Fax +86-27-65650733Email caikailin@hust.edu.cnBackground: Intestinal microbiota play a critical role in the development of colorectal cancer. However, little is known about the structure and characteristics of gut microbial in colorectal cancer, especially in locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy.Methods: Here, we performed this study to evaluate microbial characteristics between pathologic complete response (pCR) (n=12) and non-pathological complete response (Non-pCR) (n=45) tumor tissues from patients with locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. In this study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to detect the microbial diversity including Alpha diversity and Beta diversity. Moreover, we used PICRUSt from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database to predict the microbial metabolism functions.Results: There was significant statistical difference in PFS between pCR and Non-pCR group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in OS between pCR and Non-pCR group. The microbial compositions in the both groups were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Thermi and Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. The five most predominant genera in both pCR and Non-pCR tissue groups were Sphingobium, Acinetobacter, Cupriavidus, Thermi and Sphingomonas at the genus level. The key taxa identified in the pCR and Non-pCR tissues were Thermi and Sphingomonadaceae respectively. In addition, a series of human disease-related genes were also significantly different between pCR and Non-pCR group.Conclusion: In summary, we demonstrated the characteristic differences in microbial communities between pCR tissues and Non-pCR tumor tissues from locally advanced rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. Our results present new alterations in the microbiome in locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy, suggesting that it will provide a new perspective for the precise treatment of neoadjuvant rectal cancer by targeting specific microbial species in the future.Keywords: intestinal microbial, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, pathologic complete response, neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy, colorectal cancer

Jia Yu,1,* Hongyan Sun,2,* Fei Shang,2,* Haishu Wu,2 Hongfei Shi,2 Liyun Ren,1 Yan He,1 Mingzhi Zhang,1 Hao Peng1 1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Tianning District, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hao PengDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health And Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 512 6588 0078Fax +86 512 6588 0052Email penghao@suda.edu.cnMingzhi ZhangDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 512 6588 0079Fax +86 512 6588 0052Email zhangmingzhi@suda.edu.cnAim: Fasting glucose has been associated with vascular aging, but the association between HbA1c and vascular aging has been limitedly studied in Chinese and other ethnic populations. We aimed to examine this association in a large sample of Chinese adults.Methods: In the Tianning Cohort (N=5142), fasting glucose, HbA1c, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), and pulse pressure (PP) were measured. Vascular aging was defined as having the highest quartile level of cfPWV or PP. We applied quantile regression models to examine the association between glucose metabolism and vascular aging.Results: The median cfPWV was significantly increased as increasing quintiles of fasting glucose (β=0.14, P

Accurately and quickly identifying harmful driving behaviors is of great research significance. This article introduces a multi class Adaboost algorithm for accurately and quickly identifying harmful driving behaviors on urban roads. This method first carefully collects data related to bad driving behavior on road sections. Then, the optical flow method is used to capture images of driving behavior, and the TV-L1 optical flow method is used to refine the images to improve clarity. Finally, the CART decision tree serves as the cornerstone for constructing a rigorously trained weak classifier, strategically combining multiple individual weak classifiers to form a robust strong classifier. This powerful classifier is supported by the Adaboost algorithm and can provide detailed classification of bad driving behavior. To ensure a holistic assessment, fuzzy mathematics is deployed to discern behavioral risks, thereby facilitating the correlated identification of adverse driving patterns. Experiment results verifies the efficacy of our approach, with recognition time dwindling to a mere 1.9 seconds and the accuracy of correlated recognition soaring to an impressive 99.8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Addressing the challenges of extensive obstacle avoidance distances and sluggish response times inherent in conventional obstacle avoidance path planning approaches, a dynamic obstacle avoidance path planning method for autonomous driving based on quantum ant colony algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the free space method is used to construct the environmental model. Then, in the environmental model, the ant colony algorithm is used to calculate the heuristic function between nodes and update pheromones, thus generating the automatic driving path. Finally, the quantum ant colony algorithm is used to select the dynamic obstacle avoidance path among the generated automatic driving paths, so as to realize the dynamic obstacle avoidance path planning of automatic driving. The experiments show that the shortest obstacle avoidance distance of this method is 0.915m and 1.292m shorter than that of the two experimental comparison methods respectively, and the obstacle avoidance response time is always less than 1,0s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The layout planning method for rail transit network is crucial as it ensures efficient, reliable, and convenient transportation systems. It maximizes network coverage, minimizes transfer time, and optimizes passenger flow, crucial for urban development and sustainable transportation. To enhance regional coverage of the rail transit network and minimize passenger transfer time, this study employs the Beam Search algorithm for its layout planning. We prioritize strategic balance in allocating passenger flow, considering both line capacity and transfer needs. With the objectives of maximizing social benefits and minimizing travel impedance, we construct an objective function tailored for rail transit network planning. The Beam Search algorithm is then leveraged to solve this dual-objective function, resulting in an optimal topology for the rail transit network. Experimental findings indicate that proposed approach achieves a maximum regional coverage of 49% and an average transfer time of merely 2.3 minutes, demonstrating its effectiveness in enhancing network efficiency and passenger convenience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To screen factors influencing the neurological prognosis following lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) in patients with hydrocephalus. Methods Total 136 patients who underwent LPS in Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from October 2014 to January 2020. The short-term neurological prognosis post - surgery were evaluated by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge. Univariate and multivariate stepwise Logistic regression analyses were conducted to screen factors affecting neurological prognosis. Results Of the 136 patients, 65 were categorized into the good prognosis group (mRS score ≤ 3), and 71 into the poor prognosis group (mRS score > 3). Logistic regression analysis indicated that an admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 9-12 (OR = 7.800, 95%CI: 7.205-8.443; P = 0.000) and 3-8 (OR = 6.299, 95%CI: 5.744-6.907; P = 0.006), as well as etiologies including traumatic brain injury (OR = 27.681, 95%CI: 24.270-31.572; P = 0.000), cerebral hemorrhage (OR = 13.017, 95%CI: 11.473-14.769; P = 0.005), subarachnoid hemorrhage (OR = 17.682, 95%CI: 15.683-19.935; P = 0.001), and other causes (OR = 5.851, 95%CI: 5.166-6.628; P = 0.050) were risk factors for poor short-term neurological prognosis in patients with hydrocephalus undergoing LPS. Conclusions The neurological prognosis after LPS in patients with hydrocephalus is influenced by multiple factors. Prognoses vary among patients with different admission GCS scores and different etiologies. Personalized treatment plans should be developed based on specific circumstances.

Abstract To study the influence of pits on shock wave propagation and the propagation of shock waves within pits, numerical simulations were used to calculate the distribution of overpressure peak values at the bottom and rear of the pits at 5 depths and 5 explosion center distances. The results indicate that diffraction occurs when the explosion shock wave passes through the edge of the crater; The peak overpressure of the shock wave at the bottom of the pit exhibits a "spoon shaped" distribution, and the peak overpressure on the right side is significantly higher than that on the left side; There are two distinct boundary regions for the overpressure of the shock wave behind the crater due to the influence of the crater; The distance between the explosion centers has little effect on the distribution trend of the overpressure peak of the shock wave at the bottom and rear of the pit, mainly affecting the magnitude of the overpressure peak. The research results provide theoretical support for the analysis of the propagation law of explosion shock waves and guidance for the design of protective engineering structures, with significant engineering application value.

In order to solve the problems of high cost, low efficiency, and weak intelligence in the traditional operation and maintenance mode of optical transport networks, the research status and challenges of knowledge graph technology in the telecom industry were analyzed. Firstly, an intelligent operation and maintenance system architecture for optical transport networks based on knowledge graphs were proposed. Key technologies such as network state perception, knowledge graph construction, and open search capabilities were emphatically studied. Secondly, the application of intelligent cutover in a city branch of China Telecom was taken as an example, the application effect was analyzed, and the test showed that the cutover efficiency was improved by about 3 times. Finally, the development trend of intelligent operation and maintenance of optical transmission networks based on knowledge graphs was discussed.

The gene family of thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) plays a crucial role in the adaptation of organisms to environmental stresses. In recent years, fungal secreted proteins (SP) with inducing disease resistance activity in plants have emerged as important elicitors in the control of fungal diseases. Identifying SPs with inducing disease resistance activity and studying their mechanisms are crucial for controlling sheath blight. In the present study, 10 proteins containing the thaumatin-like domain were identified in strain AG4-JY of Rhizoctonia solani and eight of the 10 proteins had signal peptides. Analysis of the TLP genes of the 10 different anastomosis groups (AGs) showed that the evolutionary relationship of the TLP gene was consistent with that between different AGs of R. solani. Furthermore, it was found that RsTLP3, RsTLP9 and RsTLP10 were regarded as secreted proteins for their signaling peptides exhibited secretory activity. Prokaryotic expression and enzyme activity analysis revealed that the three secreted proteins possess glycoside hydrolase activity, suggesting they belong to the TLP family. Additionally, spraying the crude enzyme solution of the three TLP proteins could enhance maize resistance to sheath blight. Further analysis showed that genes associated with the salicylic acid and ethylene pathways were up-regulated following RsTLP3 application. The results indicated that RsTLP3 had a good application prospect in biological control.

Objective: In order to solve the problem of manual weighting of dragon fruit, including time-consuming, laborious and expensive, an automated weight estimation method based on machine vision and machine learning was proposed in this research. Methods: Firstly, 106 dragon fruits were weighed, recorded and photographed, and images of dragon fruits were constructed. Secondly, binary images were obtained after denoising and segmentation. Moreover, the three features of pixel area, major axis pixel length and minor axis pixel length of dragon fruits were extracted on the basis of binary images. The three features of each image and their corresponding weights were combined into a set of data, which was divided into training set and test set according to the ratio of 7∶3. Finally, the training set was input into the Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, K-Neighbors and Artificial Neural Networks machine-learning models for training, and the test sets were used for model evaluation. Results: The evaluation index of the Artificial Neural network performed well compared with other models, with R2 of 0.986 and RMSE of 13.091. Conclusion: The experimental result demonstrates that the method proposed in this research can accomplish the weight estimation of dragon fruit effectively, and meet the weight estimation requirements of dragon fruit.

Speckle type BTB/POZ protein (SPOP) may have cancer promoting or inhibiting effects. At present, the role of SPOP in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has rarely been studied. In this study, to investigate the effects of SPOP in HCC and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of its relationship with genes, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were classified through RNA sequencing. The gene ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional pathway analysis were used to further predict the function of DEGs after the overexpression of SPOP. The biological function of SPOP-regulated alternative splicing events in cells is comprehensively assessed. The Cancer Genome Atlas database and Gene Expression Omnibus dataset were performed to evaluate the correlation between SPOP and HCC progression. Due to SPOP overexpression, 56 DEGs in the HCC related pathway were further identified. The results showed that SPOP overexpression facilitated the cell proliferation and changed the gene expression profiles of human normal hepatocytes. SPOP-regulated alternative splicing events were involved in pathways associated with cellular processes, metabolism, environmental information procession, organismal systems, and so on. In conclusion, SPOP may potentially exhibit tumor-promoting effects, necessitating further investigations to unveil its molecular mechanisms comprehensively.

Mammalian DNA extracted from the invertebrates, especially blowfly-derived DNA, has been suggested as a useful tool to complement traditional field methods for terrestrial mammal monitoring. However, the accuracy of the estimated location of the target mammal detected from blowfly-derived DNA is largely dependent on the knowledge of blowflies' dispersal range. Presently, published data on adult blowfly dispersal capabilities remain scarce and mostly limited to temperate and subtropical regions, with no published report on the adult blowfly dispersal range in the Tropics. We seek to determine the blowfly flight range and dispersal activity in a tropical plantation in Malaysia by mark-release-recapture of approximately 3000 wild blowflies by use of rotten fish-baited traps for nine consecutive days. Out of the 3000 marked Chrysomya spp., only 1.5% (43) were recaptured during the 9-day sampling period. The majority of the blowflies (79%) were recaptured 1 km from the release point, while 20.9% were caught about 2-3 km from the release point. One individual blowfly travelled as far as 3 km and before being recaptured, which was the maximum dispersal distance recorded in this study. This result suggests that the estimated locations of the mammals detected from blowfly-derived iDNA is likely to be within 1-2 km radius from the origin of the blowfly sampling location. However, a more accurate estimated distance between the target mammal and the blowfly sampling location requires further investigation due to various factors, such as blowfly species, wind speed and direction that may potentially affect the blowfly dispersal activities. This study contributes further understanding on the development of a blowfly-derived DNA method as a mammalian monitoring tool in the tropical forests.

Objective To evaluate the effect of imaging time on the pharmacokinetic parameters calculation of dynamic 11C-acetate cardiac positron emission tomography (PET) scan and to investigate the feasibility of shortening the imaging time in clinical practice. Methods This study was a retrospective analysis and 46 subjects who underwent 11C-acetate PET/CT cardiac imaging at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (from a clinical study assessing myocardial tissue and metabolic characteristics in men with alcohol consumption) were included. Each subject was injected with 740 MBq 11C-acetate before a 40-minute PET/CT scan, and time-activity curve in the left ventricle was collected as input function. Pharmacokinetic parameters (K1 and k2) calculated from the 40-minute dynamic data (53 frames) was regarded as the reference standard. The number of included dynamic image frames was sequentially reduced from the last frame, and the corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters of 11C-acetate were calculated. Correlation, consistent analysis of trends and the relative differences on pharmacokinetic parameters between shortened data and reference standard were evaluated. The shortest acceptable scan time was determined based on the criterion that the R2 of linear regression models was higher than 0.9 in all myocardial segments. Results The R2 between 11C-acetate pharmacokinetic parameters and the reference standard was higher than 0.9 in all myocardial segments at scan time ≥17 min (37 frames) for both K1 and k2. The regression coefficients of K1 values calculated from the shortened data and the reference standard in myocardium were distributed in the range of 0.982-1.007, and the regression coefficients of k2 values calculated from the shortened data and the reference standard were distributed in the range of 0.783-1.000. When the scan time was reduced to 17 min (37 frames), the K1 and k2 values of left anterior descending branch, right coronary artery and left circumflex branch perfusion regions were significantly different from the reference standard (all P < 0.05). Left anterior descending branch perfusion region had the highest relative difference (RD) [K1: (3.93±1.98)%; k2: (13.79±6.40)%], while right coronary perfusion region had the lowest RD [K1: (2.84±1.89)%; k2: (9.74±5.62)%]. Conclusions For the male population with alcohol consumption or are healthy, shortening the scan time to 17 min (37 frames) during dynamic 11C-acetate PET/CT cardiac imaging can obtain tracer pharmacokinetic parameters consistent with the reference standard, which can provide references for optimizing clinical image acquisition time.

The clinical prognosis of acute severe brain injury is poor, and therapeutic hypothermia in targeted temperature management (TTM) is considered to be one of the most effective neuroprotective methods, which might effectively improve the prognosis of patients. Target temperature management includes therapeutic hypothermia, normal body temperature control and fever therapy. In recent years, there have been more and more studies about the effectiveness of therapeutic hypothermia and the measures toimprove its effectiveness. This article reviews the research progress of targeted temperature management in the treatment of severe neurological diseases, so as to provide a better neuroprotective strategy for the clinic.

Efficient and accurate extreme short-term prediction is of great significance for the safety of ship and marine structures in actual sea waves. Due to the stochastic of actual sea waves, short-term prediction always uses time series analysis. The neural networks, particularly long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks, have received increasing attention for their powerful forecasting capability in time series analysis. Based on this, an improved form of LSTM combining generative adversarial ideas is proposed, in which the frequency domain characteristics are embedded in the neural network to achieve coupled time-frequency domain information forecasting. The experimental test shows that the forecasting accuracy of this method is better than the results of traditional time series analysis methods and the LSTM neural network, and it is suitable for extreme short-term time series prediction for better ship maneuvering.

Setosphaeria turcica, the fungal pathogen responsible for northern corn leaf blight in maize, forms specialized infectious structures called appressoria that are critical for fungal penetration of maize epidermal cells. The Rab family of proteins play a crucial role in the growth, development, and pathogenesis of many eukaryotic species. Rab4, in particular, is a key regulator of endocytosis and vesicle trafficking, essential for filamentous growth and successful infection by other fungal pathogens. In this study, we silenced StRAB4 in S. turcica to gain a better understanding the function of Rab4 in this plant pathogen. Phenotypically, the mutants exhibited a reduced growth rate, a significant decline in conidia production, and an abnormal conidial morphology. These phenotypes indicate that StRab4 plays an instrumental role in regulating mycelial growth and conidial development in S. turcica. Further investigations revealed that StRab4 is a positive regulator of cell wall integrity and melanin secretion. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes highlighted primary enrichments in peroxisome pathways, oxidoreductase and catalytic activities, membrane components, and cell wall organization processes. Collectively, our findings emphasize the significant role of StRab4 in S. turcica infection and pathogenicity in maize and provide valuable insights into fungal behavior and disease mechanisms.

This paper analyzes the characteristics of university cyberspace ideology in the context of big data and the causes of risk formation and designs the index system of university cyberspace ideology governance at three levels: micro level, meso level and macro level. The combination of hierarchical analysis and entropy method is used to determine the weight of each evaluation index and establish the evaluation model of governance performance based on gray correlation analysis. After calculating the weights of ideological security in college cyberspace are 0.58, 0.52, 0.55, 0.55 and 0.53, the evaluation result of the constructed college cyberspace ideology governance system is 0.28, which is good.