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1. Association Between Visceral Obesity and Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Study

Author

Shang C, Yuan M, Wang Y, Bao W, Zeng S, Zhang D, Liu P, and Sun L

Subjects
type 2 diabetes mellitus, glycemic control, influencing factors, visceral obesity, visceral fat area, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Chang Shang,1,&ast; Mengfei Yuan,1,&ast; Yue Wang,1,&ast; Yahui Wang,2 Wujisiguleng Bao,2 Shuanghui Zeng,2 Dandan Zhang,2 Ping Liu,2,3 Luying Sun2,3 1Department of Nephropathy and Endocrine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Metabolic Disease Research Center, Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Luying Sun; Ping Liu, Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 4, Health Care Road, Chengguan Street, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102499, People’s Republic of China, Email luyingsun@outlook.com; liuping000000@sina.cnPurpose: To investigate the association between visceral obesity and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis involved 714 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus from the National Metabolic Management Center from November 2021 to February 2024. Medical data included sociodemographic data, lifestyle behaviors, and anthropometric and biochemical measurements. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze their associations.Results: Among the patients, 251 (35.2%) achieved good glycemic control (HbA1c < 7.0%). On univariate analysis, higher diastolic blood pressure, longer duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus, tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, insulin treatment, higher levels of fasting plasma glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, visceral obesity (visceral fat area ≥ 100cm2) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy were all positively correlated with poor glycemic control; female, older age, higher levels of C peptide and serum uric acid were inversely associated with poor glycemic control (all P < 0.05). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, the results suggested that higher diastolic blood pressure [OR: 1.021, 95% CI (1.002, 1.040), P = 0.030], insulin treatment [currently used: OR = 2.156, 95% CI (1.249, 3.724), P = 0.006], higher level of fasting plasma glucose [OR: 1.819, 95% CI (1.598, 2.069), P < 0.001], and visceral obesity [OR: 1.876, 95% CI (1.158, 3.038), P = 0.011] were risk factors for poor glycemic control.Conclusion: This study indicated that visceral obesity (visceral fat area ≥ 100cm2) is positively associated with poor glycemic control, and serves as an independent risk factor for poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7.0%) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Screening for visceral obesity should be emphasized, and targeted interventions should be taken to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, glycemic control, influencing factors, visceral obesity, visceral fat area

Published
2024

2. IrF4: From Tetrahedral Compass Model to Topological Semimetal

Author

Shang, C., Ganter, O., Heinsdorf, N., and Winter, S. M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

The intersection of topology, symmetry, and magnetism yields a rich structure of possible phases. In this work, we study theoretically the consequences of magnetism on IrF4, which was recently identified as a possible candidate topological nodal chain semimetal in the absence of magnetic order. We show that the spin-orbital nature of the Ir moments gives rise to strongly anisotropic magnetic couplings resembling a tetrahedral compass model on a diamond lattice. The predicted magnetic ground state preserves key symmetries protecting the nodal lines, such that they persist into the ordered phase at the mean-field level. The consequences for other symmetry reductions are also discussed.

Published
2022
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3. Deep underground laboratory measurement of $^{13}$C($\alpha$,$n$)$^{16}$O in the Gamow windows of the $s$- and $i$-processes

Author

Gao, B., Jiao, T. Y., Li, Y. T., Chen, H., Lin, W. P., An, Z., Ru, L. H., Zhang, Z. C., Tang, X. D., Wang, X. Y., Zhang, N. T., Fang, X., Xie, D. H., Fan, Y. H., Ma, L., Zhang, X., Bai, F., Wang, P., Fan, Y. X., Liu, G., Huang, H. X., Wu, Q., Zhu, Y. B., Chai, J. L., Li, J. Q., Sun, L. T., Wang, S., Cai, J. W., Li, Y. Z., Su, J., Zhang, H., Li, Z. H., Li, Y. J., Li, E. T., Chen, C., Shen, Y. P., Lian, G., Guo, B., Li, X. Y., Zhang, L. Y., He, J. J., Sheng, Y. D., Chen, Y. J., Wang, L. H., Zhang, L., Cao, F. Q., Nan, W., Nan, W. K., Li, G. X., Song, N., Cui, B. Q., Chen, L. H., Ma, R. G., Yan, S. Q., Liao, J. H., Wang, Y. B., Zeng, S., Nan, D., Fan, Q. W., Qi, N. C., Sun, W. L., Guo, X. Y., Zhang, P., Chen, Y. H., Zhou, Y., Zhou, J. F., He, J. R., Shang, C. S., Li, M. C., Kubono, S., Liu, W. P., deBoer, R. J., Wiescher, M., and Pignatari, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The $^{13}$C($\alpha$,$n$)$^{16}$O reaction is the main neutron source for the slow-neutron-capture (s-) process in Asymptotic Giant Branch stars and for the intermediate (i-) process. Direct measurements at astrophysical energies in above-ground laboratories are hindered by the extremely small cross sections and vast cosmic-ray induced background. We performed the first consistent direct measurement in the range of $E_{\rm c.m.}=$0.24 MeV to 1.9 MeV using the accelerators at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL) and Sichuan University. Our measurement covers almost the entire i-process Gamow window in which the large uncertainty of the previous experiments has been reduced from 60\% down to 15\%, eliminates the large systematic uncertainty in the extrapolation arising from the inconsistency of existing data sets, and provides a more reliable reaction rate for the studies of the s- and i-processes along with the first direct determination of the alpha strength for the near-threshold state.

Published
2022
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4. First experimental constraints on WIMP couplings in the effective field theory framework from CDEX

Author

Wang, Y., Zeng, Z., Yue, Q., Yang, L. T., Kang, K. J., Li, Y. J., Agartioglu, M., An, H. P., Chang, J. P., Chen, J. H., Chen, Y. H., Cheng, J. P., Chiang, C. Y., Dai, W. H., Deng, Z., Fang, C. H., Geng, X. P., Gong, H., Guo, Q. J., Guo, X. Y., He, H. J., He, L., He, S. M., Hu, J. W., Huang, T. C., Huang, H. X., Jia, H. T., Jia, L. P., Jiang, X., Li, H. B., Li, J. M., Li, J., Li, M. X., Li, R. M. J., Li, X., Li, Y. L., Liao, B., Lin, F. K., Lin, S. T., Liu, S. K., Liu, Y. D., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. Y., Liu, Z. Z., Ma, H., Mao, Y. C., Nie, Q. Y., Ning, J. H., Pan, H., Qi, N. C., Ren, J., Ruan, X. C., Shang, C. S., Sharma, V., She, Z., Singh, L., Singh, M. K., Sun, T. X., Tang, C. J., Tang, W. Y., Tian, Y., Wang, G. F., Wang, L., Wang, Q., Wang, Y. C., Wang, Y. X., Wang, Z., Wong, H. T., Wu, S. Y., Wu, Y. C., Xing, H. Y., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, Y. L., Yi, N., Yu, C. X., Yu, H. J., Yue, J. F., Zeng, M., Zhang, B. T., Zhang, L., Zhang, F. S., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, K. K., Zhao, M. G., Zhou, J. F., Zhou, Z. Y., and Zhu, J. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) search results performed using two approaches of effective field theory from the China Dark Matter Experiment (CDEX), based on the data from both CDEX-1B and CDEX-10 stages. In the nonrelativistic effective field theory approach, both time-integrated and annual modulation analyses were used to set new limits for the coupling of WIMP-nucleon effective operators at 90% confidence level (C.L.) and improve over the current bounds in the low $m_{\chi}$ region. In the chiral effective field theory approach, data from CDEX-10 were used to set an upper limit on WIMP-pion coupling at 90% C.L. We for the first time extended the limit to the $m_{\chi}<$ 6 GeV/$c^2$ region., Comment: version accepted by Science China-PMA, 8 pages, 8 figures

Published
2020
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5. Direct Detection Constraints on Dark Photons with CDEX-10 Experiment at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory

Author

She, Z., Jia, L. P., Yue, Q., Ma, H., Kang, K. J., Li, Y. J., Agartioglu, M., An, H. P., Chang, J. P., Chen, J. H., Chen, Y. H., Cheng, J. P., Dai, W. H., Deng, Z., Geng, X. P., Gong, H., Gu, P., Guo, Q. J., Guo, X. Y., He, L., He, S. M., He, H. T., Hu, J. W., Huang, T. C., Huang, H. X., Li, H. B., Li, H., Li, J. M., Li, J., Li, M. X., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. L., Liao, B., Lin, F. K., Lin, S. T., Liu, S. K., Liu, Y. D., Liu, Y. Y., Liu, Z. Z., Mao, Y. C., Nie, Q. Y., Ning, J. H., Pan, H., Qi, N. C., Qiao, C. K., Ren, J., Ruan, X. C., Sevda, B., Shang, C. S., Sharma, V., Singh, L., Singh, M. K., Sun, T. X., Tang, C. J., Tang, W. Y., Tian, Y., Wang, G. F., Wang, L., Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. X., Wang, Z., Wong, H. T., Wu, S. Y., Xing, H. Y., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, Y. L., Yang, L. T., Yi, N., Yu, C. X., Yu, H. J., Yue, J. F., Zeng, M., Zeng, Z., Zhang, B. T., Zhang, L., Zhang, F. S., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, M. G., Zhou, J. F., Zhou, Z. Y., and Zhu, J. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report constraints on the dark photon effective kinetic mixing parameter (${\kappa}$) with data taken from two ${p}$-type point-contact germanium detectors of the CDEX-10 experiment at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. The 90\% confidence level upper limits on ${\kappa}$ of solar dark photon from 205.4 kg-day exposure are derived, probing new parameter space with masses (${m_V}$) from 10 to 300 eV/${c^2}$ in direct detection experiments. Considering dark photon as the cosmological dark matter, limits at 90\% confidence level with ${m_V}$ from 0.1 to 4.0 keV/${c^2}$ are set from 449.6 kg-day data, with a minimum of ${\rm{\kappa=1.3 \times 10^{-15}}}$ at ${\rm{m_V=200\ eV/c^2}}$., Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures

Published
2019
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7. Fucosyltransferases Regulated by Fusobacterium Nucleatum and Act as Novel Biomarkers in Colon Adenocarcinoma

Author

Wang P, Liu X, Yu J, Meng Z, Lv Z, Shang C, Geng Q, Wang D, Xue D, and Li L

Subjects
fucosyltransferases, prognostic, oncological properties, fusobacterium nucleatum, colon adenocarcinoma, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Pengfei Wang,1,2,&ast; Xuxu Liu,1,2,&ast; Jingjing Yu,1,2 Ziang Meng,1,2 Zhenyi Lv,1,2 Ce Shang,1,2 Qi Geng,1,2 Dawei Wang,1,2 Dongbo Xue,1,2 Long Li3 1Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 3Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dawei Wang, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 451 85555776, Email daweixxx2001@163.com Long Li, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Middle Road, Shanghai, 200072, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 21 66307011, Email ll007@hrbmu.edu.cnPurpose: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Fucosyltransferases (FUTs) are associated with numerous cancers. We aimed to investigate the functions of FUTs in COAD.Patients and Methods: Transcriptomic and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were used to analyze the expression and clinical relevance of FUTs in COAD. Real Time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), Western blot, immunohistochemistry and ELISA were used to detect the relative RNA and protein expression levels. Colitis-associated cancer mice treated with Fusobacterium nucleatum were used to illustrate the effects of Fusobacterium nucleatum on FUTs and COAD. Luciferase reporting assay was used to investigate the binding of miRNA to mRNA.Results: TCGA and GEO datasets showed abnormal expression of FUTs in COAD at transcript level. RT-qPCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry showed increased expression of FUT1, POFUT1 and POFUT2 in COAD. COAD patients with a high expression of FUT1, FUT11, FUT13 (POFUT2) had a worse prognosis, while patients with a high expression of FUT2, FUT3, FUT6 had a better prognosis. FUT1 and POFUT2 could independently predict the prognosis of COAD patients. Functional analysis by CancerSEA database showed that FUT3, FUT6, FUT8, FUT12 (POFUT1) and FUT13 are associated with differentiation, apoptosis, invasion, quiescence, and hypoxia. FUTs are associated with the tumor microenvironment of COAD. FUT1 regulated by miR-939-3p inhibit the expression of MUC2. Fusobacterium nucleatum may affect the expression of FUTs by affecting their transcription factors and miRNA levels. Moreover, Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes COAD progression through the miR-939-3p/FUT1/MUC2 axis.Conclusion: Fucosyltransferases play an important role and may be the mediator of Fusobacterium nucleatum promoting COAD progression.Keywords: fucosyltransferases, prognostic, oncological properties, Fusobacterium nucleatum, colon adenocarcinoma

Published
2023

8. Identification of a Novel Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Responsiveness to Immunotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Author

Wang Q, Wang B, Ma X, Zhuang H, Xie Z, Tang C, Tan W, Yang L, Shang C, and Chen Y

Subjects
ferroptosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, immunotherapy, overall survival, signature, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Qingbin Wang,1,2,&ast; Bingkun Wang,1,2,&ast; Xiaowu Ma,1,2 Hongkai Zhuang,1,2 Zhiqin Xie,1,2 Chenwei Tang,1,2 Wenliang Tan,1,2 Lei Yang,1,2 Changzhen Shang,1,2 Yajin Chen1,2 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Changzhen Shang; Yajin Chen, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13711279678, Email shangcz_sysu@163.com; chenyaj@mail.sysu.edu.cnPurpose: Ferroptosis has been reported to regulate multiple biological behaviors. However, the prognostic and oncologic values of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) have not been comprehensively elucidated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we aimed to construct FRGs-associated signature for stratification of the prognosis of HCC patients.Methods: A list of FRGs was generated from FerrDb. Public databases were used to extract expression matrices and clinical information. TCGA cohort was randomly divided into a training set and a validation set. Prognostic signature for Overall Survival (OS) was established in training set and validated in internal cohorts (TCGA validation set and entire set) and external cohort (ICGC cohort). Additionally, the role of signature in HCC was well investigated by analysis of mutations, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), analysis of immune infiltrates, and analysis of response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment. The oncogenic effects of ZFP69B on HCC were also investigated in vitro.Results: We identified 12 FRGs-based signature for OS with LASSO regression. Patients were partitioned into different risk groups based on the signature. Overall, patients in different groups had different prognosis. The signature independently predicted OS in multivariate Cox regression analyses. Anti-tumor immune cells including activated CD8 T cells, cytolytic activity, and Th1 cells were negatively correlated with risk score in both TCGC and ICGC cohorts. Furthermore, low-risk patients responded better to ICB than high-risk patients. In addition, knockdown of ZFP69B reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted erastin-induced ferroptosis of HCC cells.Conclusion: We developed a prognostic signature based on FRGs to predict OS of HCC patients. And the signature may facilitate clinicians in identifying those who are likely to benefit from ICIs. The results also indicated that ZFP69B might regulate the process of ferroptosis and could be used as a novel potential target for HCC.Keywords: ferroptosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, immunotherapy, overall survival, signature

Published
2023

12. Structural and electronic phase transitions driven by electric field in metastable MoS$_2$ thin flake

Author

Shang, C., Lei, B., Zhuo, W. Z., Zhang, Q., Zhu, C. S., Cui, J. H., Luo, X. G., Wang, N. Z., Meng, F. B., Ma, L. K., Zeng, C. G., Wu, T., Sun, Z., Huang, F. Q., and Chen, X. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Transition-metal-dichalcogenides own a variety of structures as well as electronic properties which can be modulated by structural variations, element substitutions, ion or molecule intercalations, etc. However, there is very limited knowledge on metastable phases of this family, especially the precise regulation of structural changes and accompanied evolution of electronic properties. Here, based on a new developed field-effect transistor with solid ion conductor as the gate dielectric, we report a controllable structural and electronic phase transitions in metastable MoS$_2$ thin flakes driven by electric field. We found that the metastable structure of 1T$^{'''}$-MoS$_2$ thin flake can be transformed into another metastable structure of 1T$^{'}$ -type upon intercalation of lithium regulated by electric field. Moreover, the metastable 1T$^{'}$ phase persists during the cycle of intercalation and de-intercalation of lithium controlled by electric field, and the electronic properties can be reversibly manipulated with a remarkable change of resistance by four orders of magnitude from the insulating 1T$^{'}$-LiMoS$_2$ to superconducting 1T$^{'}$-MoS$_2$. Such reversible and dramatic changes in electronic properties provide intriguing opportunities for development of novel nano-devices with highly tunable characteristics under electric field., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, supplementary information is not included

Published
2019
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14. Combined Shikonin-Loaded MPEG-PCL Micelles Inhibits Effective Transition of Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Cells

Author

Li G, Shang C, Li Q, Chen L, Yue Z, Ren L, Yang J, Zhang J, and Wang W

Subjects
shikonin, shikonin-loaded mpeg-pcl micelles, inflammation, endmt, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Guanglin Li,1,2 Chenxu Shang,3 Qingqing Li,4 Lifang Chen,1,2 Zejun Yue,1,2 Lingxuan Ren,3 Jianjun Yang,3 Jiye Zhang,4 Weirong Wang1,2 1Department of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Weirong Wang, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 29 82655362, Email szb2013072@xjtu.edu.cnIntroduction: Shikonin is well known for its anti-inflammatory activity in cardiovascular diseases. However, the application of shikonin is limited by its low water solubility and poor bioavailability. Methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (&epsiv;-caprolactone) (MPEG-PCL) is considered a promising delivery system for hydrophobic drugs. Therefore, in this study, we prepared shikonin-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles and investigated their effect on endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) induced by inflammatory cytokines.Methods: Shikonin was encapsulated in MPEG-PCL micelles using an anti-solvent method and the physiochemical characteristics of the micelles (particle size, zeta potential, morphology, critical micelle concentration (CMC), drug loading and encapsulation efficiency) were investigated. Cellular uptake of micelles in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy. In vitro EndMT inhibition was explored in HUVECs by quantitative real-time PCR analysis.Results: The average particle size of shikonin-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles was 54.57± 0.13 nm and 60 nm determined by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The zeta potential was − 6.23± 0.02 mV. The CMC of the micelles was 6.31× 10− 7mol/L. The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were 0.88± 0.08% and 43.08± 3.77%, respectively. The MPEG-PCL micelles significantly improved the cellular uptake of cargo with low water solubility. Real-time PCR analysis showed that co-treatment with TNF-α and IL-1β successfully induced EndMT in HUVECs, whereas this process was significantly inhibited by shikonin and shikonin-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles, with greater inhibition mediated by the shikonin-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles.Conclusion: Shikonin-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles significantly improved the EndMT-inhibiting effect of the free shikonin. MPEG-PCL is suitable for use more generally as a lipophilic drug carrier.Keywords: shikonin, shikonin-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles, inflammation, EndMT

Published
2022

15. Superconductivity in the metastable 1T' and 1T'' phases of MoS$_2$ crystals

Author

Shang, C., Fang, Y. Q., Zhang, Q., Wang, N. Z., Wang, Y. F., Liu, Z., Lei, B., Meng, F. B., Ma, L. K., Wu, T., Wang, Z. F., Zeng, C. G., Huang, F. Q., Sun, Z., and Chen, X. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Transition-metal dichalcogenides open novel opportunities for the exploration of exciting new physics and devices. As a representative system, 2H-MoS$_2$ has been extensively investigated owing to its unique band structure with a large band gap, degenerate valleys and non-zero Berry curvature. However, experimental studies of metastable 1T polytypes have been a challenge for a long time, and electronic properties are obscure due to the inaccessibility of single phase without the coexistence of 1T', 1T'' and 1T''' lattice structures, which hinder the broad applications of MoS$_2$ in future nanodevices and optoelectronic devices. Using ${K_x(H_2O)_yMoS_2}$ as the precursor, we have successfully obtained high-quality layered crystals of the metastable 1T'''-MoS$_2$ with $\sqrt{3}a\times\sqrt{3}a$ superstructure and metastable 1T'-MoS$_2$ with a$\times$2a superstructure, as evidenced by structural characterizations through scanning tunneling microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. It is found that the metastable 1T'-MoS$_2$ is a superconductor with onset transition temperature (${T_c}$) of 4.2 K, while the metastable 1 T'''-MoS$_2$ shows either superconductivity with Tc of 5.3 K or insulating behavior, which strongly depends on the synthesis procedure. Both of the metastable polytypes of MoS$_2$ crystals can be transformed to the stable 2H phase with mild annealing at about 70 $^{\circ}$C in He atmosphere. These findings provide pivotal information on the atomic configurations and physical properties of 1T polytypes of MoS$_2$., Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures

Published
2018
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16. Electric-field controlled superconductor-ferromagnetic insulator transition

Author

Ma, L. K., Lei, B., Wang, N. Z., Yang, K. S., Liu, D. Y., Meng, F. B., Shang, C., Sun, Z. L., Cui, J. H., Zhu, C. S., Wu, T., Sun, Z., Zou, L. J., and Chen, X. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

How to control collectively ordered electronic states is a core interest of condensed matter physics. We report an electric field controlled reversible transition from superconductor to ferromagnetic insulator in (Li,Fe)OHFeSe thin flake using solid ion conductor as the gate dielectric. By driving Li ions into and out of the (Li,Fe)OHFeSe thin flake with electric field, we obtained a dome-shaped superconducting region with optimal Tc ~ 43 K, which is separated by a quantum critical point from ferromagnetically insulating phase. The ferromagnetism arises from the long range order of the interstitial Fe ions expelled from the (Li,Fe)OH layers by Li injection. The device can reversibly manipulate collectively ordered electronic states and stabilize new metastable structures by electric field., Comment: 21 pages, 4 figures, supplementary information is not included

Published
2018

17. Magnetic-field enhanced high-thermoelectric performance in topological Dirac semimetal Cd$_3$As$_2$ crystal

Author

Wang, H. H., Luo, X. G., Chen, W. W., Wang, N. Z., Lei, B., Meng, F. B., Shang, C., Ma, L. K., Wu, T., Dai, X., Wang, Z. F., and Chen, X. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Thermoelectric materials can be used to convert heat to electric power through the Seebeck effect. We study magneto-thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) in three-dimensional Dirac semimetal Cd$_3$As$_2$ crystal. It is found that enhancement of power factor and reduction of thermal conductivity can be realized at the same time through magnetic field although magnetoresistivity is greatly increased. ZT can be highly enhanced from 0.17 to 1.1 by more than six times around 350 K under a perpendicular magnetic field of 7 Tesla. The huge enhancement of ZT by magnetic field arises from the linear Dirac band with large Fermi velocity and the large electric thermal conductivity in Cd$_3$As$_2$. Our work paves a new way to greatly enhance the thermoelectric performance in the quantum topological materials., Comment: 25 pages, 4 figures, supplementary materials file is not included

Published
2018

20. Bulk Rotational Symmetry Breaking in Kondo Insulator SmB6

Author

Xiang, Z., Lawson, B., Asaba, T., Tinsman, C., Chen, Lu, Shang, C., Chen, X. H., and Li, Lu

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Kondo insulator samarium hexaboride (SmB6) has been intensely studied in recent years as a potential candidate of a strongly correlated topological insulator. One of the most exciting phenomena observed in SmB6 is the clear quantum oscillations appearing in magnetic torque at a low temperature despite the insulating behavior in resistance. These quantum oscillations show multiple frequencies and varied effective masses. The origin of quantum oscillation is, however, still under debate with evidence of both two-dimensional Fermi surfaces and three-dimensional Fermi surfaces. Here, we carry out angle-resolved torque magnetometry measurements in a magnetic field up to 45 T and a temperature range down to 40 mK. With the magnetic field rotated in the (010) plane, the quantum oscillation frequency of the strongest oscillation branch shows a four-fold rotational symmetry. However, in the angular dependence of the amplitude of the same branch, this four-fold symmetry is broken and, instead, a twofold symmetry shows up, which is consistent with the prediction of a two-dimensional Lifshitz-Kosevich model. No deviation of Lifshitz-Kosevich behavior is observed down to 40 mK. Our results suggest the existence of multiple light-mass surface states in SmB6, with their mobility significantly depending on the surface disorder level., Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures

Published
2017
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24. SLC39A1 Overexpression is Associated with Immune Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Promotes Its Malignant Progression

Author

Ma X, Zhuang H, Wang Q, Yang L, Xie Z, Zhang Z, Tan W, Tang C, Chen Y, and Shang C

Subjects
slc39a1, hepatocellular carcinoma, prognosis, wnt signaling pathway, immune infiltration, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Xiaowu Ma,1,2,&ast; Hongkai Zhuang,1,2,&ast; Qingbin Wang,1,2 Lei Yang,1,2 Zhiqin Xie,1,2 Ziyu Zhang,1,2 Wenliang Tan,1,2 Chenwei Tang,1,2 Yajin Chen,1,2 Changzhen Shang1,2 1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China; 2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yajin Chen; Changzhen Shang, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-2034070701, Email cyj0509@126.com; shangcz_sysu@163.comBackground: Solute carrier family 39 member 1 (SLC39A1) has been identified as a zinc ion transport protein that possesses oncogenic properties in various types of cancers. However, its potential function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the expression profile and potential mechanisms of SLC39A1 in HCC.Methods: SLC39A1 expression was analyzed using multiple databases. The clinical significance and associated biological pathways of SLC39A1 were investigated using bioinformatics analysis. Potential correlations between SLC39A1 expression and tumor immunity in HCC were also evaluated using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Sixty paired HCC samples were used to verify the expression pattern of SLC39A1. In vitro studies were performed to investigate the oncogenic effects of SLC39A1 in HCC. Western blot analysis was conducted to further investigate the possible involved signaling pathways.Results: The overexpression of SLC39A1 in HCC was determined by bioinformatics analysis and was confirmed in tissues from our center. SLC39A1 overexpression was also significantly correlated with worse prognosis, advanced TNM stage, and histological grade. GSEA analysis demonstrated that SLC39A1 overexpression was involved in various tumor-related pathways, such as the cell cycle and Wnt signaling pathway. SLC39A1 knockdown repressed the proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities of HCC cells. Furthermore, SLC39A1 knockdown decreased the expression of the tumor progression-related proteins (eg, cyclin D1 and MMP2) and Wnt signaling pathway-related proteins (eg, Wnt3A and β-catenin). In addition, SLC39A1 overexpression may be associated with impaired tumor immunity in HCC, as evidenced by the increased infiltration of Th2 cells and reduced infiltration of cytotoxic cells.Conclusion: These findings preliminarily suggested the crucial effect of SLC39A1 overexpression on HCC tumor progression and immunosuppression, suggesting its potential as a novel prognostic and therapeutic target in HCC.Keywords: SLC39A1, hepatocellular carcinoma, prognosis, Wnt signaling pathway, immune infiltration

Published
2022

25. Intrinsic features of an ideal glass

Author

Sun, D. Y., Shang, C., Liu, Z. P., and Gong, X. G.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

In order to understand the long-standing problem of the nature of glass states, we performed intensive simulations on the thermodynamic properties and potential energy surface of an ideal glass. We found that the atoms of an ideal glass manifest cooperative diffusion, and show clearly different behavior from the liquid state. By determining the potential energy surface, we demonstrated that the glass state has a flat potential landscape, which is the critical intrinsic feature of ideal glasses. When this potential region is accessible through any thermal or kinetic process, the glass state can be formed and a glass transition will occur, regardless of any special structural character. With this picture, the glass transition can be interpreted by the emergence of configurational entropies, as a consequence of flat potential landscapes.

Published
2017
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26. Tuning electronic properties of FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ thin flakes by a novel field effect transistor

Author

Zhu, C. S., Cui, J. H., Lei, B., Wang, N. Z., Shang, C., Meng, F. B., Ma, L. K., Luo, X. G., Wu, T., Sun, Z., and Chen, X. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Using a field-effect transistor (FET) configuration with solid Li-ion conductor (SIC) as gate dielectric, we have successfully tuned carrier density in FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ thin flakes, and the electronic phase diagram has been mapped out. It is found that electron doping controlled by SIC-FET leads to a suppression of the superconducting phase, and eventually gives rise to an insulating state in FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$. During the gating process, the (001) peak in XRD patterns stays at the same position and no new diffraction peak emerges, indicating no evident Li$^+$ ions intercalation into the FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$. It indicates that a systematic change of electronic properties in FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ arises from the electrostatic doping induced by the accumulation of Li$^+$ ions at the interface between FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ and solid ion conductor in the devices. It is striking that these findings are drastically different from the observation in FeSe thin flakes using the same SIC-FET, in which $T_c$ is enhanced from 8 K to larger than 40 K, then the system goes into an insulating phase accompanied by structural transitions., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

Published
2017
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27. Tuning phase transitions of FeSe thin flakes by field effect transistor with solid ion conductor as gate dielectric

Author

Lei, B., Wang, N. Z., Shang, C., Meng, F. B., Ma, L. K., Luo, X. G., Wu, T., Sun, Z., Wang, Y., Jiang, Z., Mao, B. H., Liu, Z., Yu, Y. J., Zhang, Y. B., and Chen, X. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

We develop a novel field effect transistor (FET) device using solid ion conductor (SIC) as a gate dielectric, and we can tune the carrier density of FeSe by driving lithium ions in and out of the FeSe thin flakes, and consequently control the material properties and its phase transitions. A dome-shaped superconducting phase diagram was mapped out with increasing Li content, with $T_c$ $\sim$ 46.6 K for the optimal doping, and an insulating phase was reached at the extremely overdoped regime. Our study suggests that, using solid ion conductor as a gate dielectric, the SIC-FET device can achieve much higher carrier doping in the bulk, and suit many surface sensitive experimental probes, and can stabilize novel structural phases that are inaccessible in ordinary conditions., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure. Supplementary information is not included

Published
2016
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28. Progress of Underground Nuclear Astrophysics Experiment JUNA in China

Author

Liu, W. P., Li, Z. H., He, J. J., Tang, X. D., Lian, G., Su, J., Shen, Y. P., An, Z., Chao, F. Q., Chang, J. J., Chen, L. H., Chen, H., Chen, X. J., Chen, Y. H., Chen, Z. J., Cui, B. Q., Du, X. C., Fang, X., Fu, C. B., Gan, L., Guo, B., Han, Z. Y., Guo, X. Y., He, G. Z., He, J. R., Heger, A., Hou, S. Q., Huang, H. X., Huang, N., Jia, B. L., Jiang, L. Y., Kubono, S., Li, J. M., Li, M. C., Li, K. A., Li, E. T., Li, T., Li, Y. J., Lugaro, M., Luo, X. B., Ma, H. Y., Ma, S. B., Mei, D. M., Nan, W., Nan, W. K., Qi, N. C., Qian, Y. Z., Qin, J. C., Ren, J., Shang, C. S., Sun, L. T., Sun, W. L., Tan, W. P., Tanihata, I., Wang, S., Wang, P., Wang, Y. B., Wu, Q., Xu, S. W., Yan, S. Q., Yang, L. T., Yang, Y., Yu, X. Q., Yue, Q., Zeng, S., Zhang, L., Zhang, H., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, L. Y., Zhang, N. T., Zhang, P., Zhang, Q. W., Zhang, T., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, X. Z., Zhao, W., Zhou, J. F., and Zhou, Y.

Published
2022
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30. Evolution of high-temperature superconductivity from low-Tc phase tuned by carrier concentration in FeSe thin flakes

Author

Lei, B., Cui, J. H., Xiang, Z. J., Shang, C., Wang, N. Z., Ye, G. J., Luo, X. G., Wu, T., Sun, Z., and Chen, X. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

In contrast to bulk FeSe superconductor, heavily electron-doped FeSe-derived superconductors show relatively high Tc without hole Fermi surfaces and nodal superconducting gap structure, which pose great challenges on pairing theories in the iron-based superconductors. In the heavily electron-doped FeSe-based superconductors, the dominant factors and the exact working mechanism that is responsible for the high Tc need to be clarified. In particular, a clean control of carrier concentration remains to be a challenge for revealing how superconductivity and Fermi surface topology evolves with carrier concentration in bulk FeSe. Here, we report the evolution of superconductivity in the FeSe thin flake with systematically regulated carrier concentrations by liquid-gating technique. High-temperature superconductivity at 48 K can be achieved only with electron doping tuned by gate voltage in FeSe thin flake with Tc less than 10 K. This is the first time to achieve such a high temperature superconductivity in FeSe without either epitaxial interface or external pressure. It definitely proves that the simple electron-doping process is able to induce high-temperature superconductivity with Tc as high as 48 K in bulk FeSe. Intriguingly, our data also indicates that the superconductivity is suddenly changed from low-Tc phase to high-Tc phase with a Lifshitz transition at certain carrier concentration. These results help us to build a unified picture to understand the high-temperature superconductivity among all FeSe-derived superconductors and shed light on further pursuit of higher Tc in these materials., Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures

Published
2015
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31. Pressure-induced Lifshitz transition in black phosphorus

Author

Xiang, Z. J., Ye, G. J., Shang, C., Lei, B., Wang, N. Z., Yang, K. S., Liu, D. Y., Meng, F. B., Luo, X. G., Zou, L. J., Sun, Z., Zhang, Y. B., and Chen, X. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

In a semimetal, both electron and hole carriers contribute to the density of states at the Fermi level. The small band overlaps and multi-band effects give rise to many novel electronic properties, such as relativistic Dirac fermions with linear dispersion, titanic magnetoresistance and unconventional superconductivity. Black phosphorus has recently emerged as an exceptional semiconductor with high carrier mobility and a direct, tunable bandgap. Of particular importance is the search for exotic electronic states in black phosphorus, which may amplify the material's potential beyond semiconductor devices. Here we show that a moderate hydrostatic pressure effectively suppresses the band gap and induces a Lifshitz transition from semiconductor to semimetal in black phosphorus; a colossal magnetoresistance is observed in the semimetallic phase. Quantum oscillations in high magnetic field reveal the complex Fermi surface topology of the semimetallic black phosphorus. In particular, a Dirac-like fermion emerges at around 1.2 GPa, which is continuously tuned by external pressure. The observed semi-metallic behavior greatly enriches black phosphorus's material property, and sets the stage for the exploration of novel electronic states in this material. Moreover, these interesting behaviors make phosphorene a good candidate for the realization of a new two-dimensional relativistic electron system, other than graphene., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures in main text

Published
2015
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32. Gate-tuned Superconductor-Insulator transition in (Li,Fe)OHFeSe

Author

Lei, B., Xiang, Z. J., Lu, X. F., Wang, N. Z., Chang, J. R., Shang, C., Luo, X. G., Wu, T., Sun, Z., and Chen, X. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

The antiferromagnetic(AFM) insulator-superconductor transition has been always a center of interest in the underlying physics of unconventional superconductors. The quantum phase transition between Mott insulator with AFM and superconductor can be induced by doping charge carriers in high-Tc cuprate superconductors. For the best characterized organic superconductors of k-(BEDT-TTF)2X (X=anion), a first order transition between AFM insulator and superconductor can be tuned by applied external pressure or chemical pressure. Also, the superconducting state can be directly developed from AFM insulator by application of pressure in Cs3C60. The resemblance of these phase diagrams hints a universal mechanism governing the unconventional superconductivity in close proximity to AFM insulators. However, the superconductivity in iron-based high-Tc superconductors evolves from an AFM bad metal by doping charge carriers, and no superconductor-insulator transition has been observed so far. Here, we report a first-order transition from superconductor to insulator with a strong charge doping induced by ionic gating in the thin flakes of single crystal (Li,Fe)OHFeSe. The Tc is continuously enhanced with electron doping by ionic gating up to a maximum Tc of 43 K, and a striking superconductor-insulator transition occurs just at the verge of optimal doping with highest Tc. A novel phase diagram of temperature-gating voltage with the superconductor-insulator transition is mapped out, indicating that the superconductor -insulator transition is a common feature for unconventional superconductivity. These results help to uncover the underlying physics of iron-based superconductivity as well as the universal mechanism of high-Tc superconductivity. Our finding also suggests that the gate-controlled strong charge doping makes it possible to explore novel states of matter in a way beyond traditional methods., Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures, supplementary information is not uploaded

Published
2015
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33. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Proliferation, Invasion and Migration of Osteosarcoma Cells via the lncRNA MALAT1/miR-143/NRSN2/Wnt/β-Catenin Axis

Author

Li F, Chen X, Shang C, Ying Q, Zhou X, Zhu R, Lu H, Hao X, Dong Q, and Jiang Z

Subjects
osteosarcoma, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, extracellular vesicles, lncrna malat1, mir-143, nrsn2, wnt/β-catenin pathway, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Fujiang Li, Xin Chen, Cong Shang, Qinglong Ying, Xianjun Zhou, Rongkun Zhu, Hongting Lu, Xiwei Hao, Qian Dong, Zhong Jiang Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhong JiangDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 532-82911333Email jiangzhongqd@126.comIntroduction: Osteosarcoma is a malignant primary bone tumor. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EVs) bear repair function for bone and cartilage. This study investigated the mechanism of BMSC-EVs in osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion.Methods: BMSC-EVs were isolated and identified. The effects of different concentrations of EVs on osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated. LncRNA MALAT1 expression in osteosarcoma cells was detected. BMSCs were transfected with si-MALAT1 or si-NC. The binding relationships between MALAT1 and miR-143, and miR-143 and NRSN2 were verified. Levels of NRSN2 and Wnt/β-catenin pathway key proteins were detected. miR-143 mimic was transfected into EVs-treated osteosarcoma cells. Nude mice were injected with MG63 cells to verify the effect of EVs on osteosarcoma growth in vivo.Results: BMSC-EVs facilitated proliferation, invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells. BMSC-EVs carried MALAT1 into osteosarcoma cells. BMSC-EVs-treated osteosarcoma cells showed increased MALAT1 and NRSN2 expressions, decreased miR-143 expression, and activated Wnt/β-catenin pathway. miR-143 mimic or si-MALAT1 reversed the effects of BMSC-EVs on osteosarcoma cells. In vivo experiment confirmed that BMSC-EVs promoted tumor growth in nude mice.Discussion: BMSC-EVs promoted proliferation, invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells via the MALAT1/miR-143/NRSN2/Wnt/β-catenin axis. This study might offer new insights into osteosarcoma management.Keywords: osteosarcoma, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, extracellular vesicles, lncRNA MALAT1, miR-143, NRSN2, Wnt/β-catenin pathway

Published
2021

34. The Prognostic Value of DNA Methylation, Post-Translational Modifications and Correlated with Immune Infiltrates in Gynecologic Cancers

Author

Shang C, Li Y, Wu Z, Han Q, Zhu Y, He T, and Guo H

Subjects
dna methylation, alternative splicing, alternative polyadenylation, activation of t cells, immune infiltration, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Chunliang Shang,1 Yuan Li,1 Zhangxin Wu,1 Qin Han,1 Yuan Zhu,2 Tianhui He,1 Hongyan Guo1,3 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing 100191, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hongyan GuoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-17301281996Fax +86 1082267842Email bysyghy@163.comBackground: To depict the prognostic landscape of gynecological cancers from the perspective of DNA methylation, alternative splicing (AS) and polyadenylation (APA) events and investigate their correlation with immune infiltrates.Methods: Methylation and RNA-seq data and corresponding clinical information regarding gynecologic cancers were used to explore the relationships between changes in DNA methylation, AS and APA events and gynecologic cancer prognosis. QRT-PCR and multiple bioinformatics tools were employed to construct a gene interaction network and explore immune infiltrates.Results: Only the mRNA levels of CIRBP and INPP5K were simultaneously significantly decreased in gynecologic cancers and negatively associated with overall survival, which verified by qrt-PCR. We also identified that CIRBP or INPP5K DNA methylation, AS and APA events are prognostic indicators of gynecologic cancers. The activation of T cells might be the main signaling pathway by which these genes modulate cancer progression. CIRBP/INPP5K expression is positively associated with immune infiltration and is a major risk factor of survival, especially among uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) patients.Conclusion: According to these findings, the DNA methylation, AS and APA events of CIRBP and INPP5K may serve as important prognostic biomarkers and targets in gynecological cancers by modulating T cell infiltration.Keywords: DNA methylation, alternative splicing, alternative polyadenylation, activation of T cells, immune infiltration

Published
2021

40. Magnetoresistance evidence on surface state and field-dependent bulk gap in Kondo insulator SmB6

Author

Chen, F., Shang, C., Jin, Z., Zhao, D., Wu, Y. P., Xiang, Z. J., Xia, Z. C., Wang, A. F., Luo, X. G., Wu, T., and Chen, X. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Recently, the resistance saturation at low temperature in Kondo insulator SmB6, a long-standing puzzle in condensed matter physics, was proposed to originate from topological surface state. Here,we systematically studied the magnetoresistance of SmB6 at low temperature up to 55 Tesla. Both temperature- and angular-dependent magnetoresistances show a similar crossover behavior below 5 K. Furthermore, the angular-dependent magnetoresistance on different crystal face confirms a two-dimensional surface state as the origin of magnetoresistances crossover below 5K. Based on two-channels model consisting of both surface and bulk states, the field-dependence of bulk gap with critical magnetic field (Hc) of 196 T is extracted from our temperature-dependent resistance under different magnetic fields. Our results give a consistent picture to understand the low-temperature transport behavior in SmB6, consistent with topological Kondo insulator scenario., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures

Published
2013

42. Testing Strict Hydrostatic Equilibrium in Simulated Clusters of Galaxies: Implications to Abell 1689

Author

Molnar, S. M., Chiu, I. -N., Umetsu, K., Chen, P., Hearn, N., Broadhurst, T., Bryan, G., and Shang, C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Accurate mass determination of clusters of galaxies is crucial if they are to be used as cosmological probes. However, there are some discrepancies between cluster masses determined based on gravitational lensing, and X-ray observations assuming strict hydrostatic equilibirium (i.e., the equilibrium gas pressure is provided entirely by thermal pressure). Cosmological simulations suggest that turbulent gas motions remaining from hierarchical structure formation may provide a significant contribution to the equilibrium pressure in clusters. We analyze a sample of massive clusters of galaxies drawn from high resolution cosmological simulations, and find a significant contribution (20%-45%) from non-thermal pressure near the center of relaxed clusters, and, in accord with previous studies, a minimum contribution at about 0.1 Rvir, growing to about 30%-45% at the virial radius, Rvir. Our results strongly suggest that relaxed clusters should have significant non-thermal support in their core region. As an example, we test the validity of strict hydrostatic equilibirium in the well-studied massive galaxy cluster Abell 1689 using the latest high resolution gravitational lensing and X-ray observations. We find a contribution of about 40% from non-thermal pressure within the core region of A1689, suggesting an alternate explanation for the mass discrepancy: the strict hydrostatic equilibirium is not valid in this region., Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters; 4 pages, 3 figures

Published
2010
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44. Impurity and strain effects on the magnetotransport of La1.85Sr0.15Cu(1-y)Zn(y)O4 films

Author

Cieplak, Marta Z., Malinowski, A., Karpinska, K., Guha, S., Krickser, A., Wu, B. Kim Q., Shang, C. H., Berkowski, M., and Lindenfeld, P.

Subjects
Condensed Matter
Abstract

The influence of zinc doping and strain related effects on the normal state transport properties(the resistivity, the Hall angle and the orbital magneto- resistance(OMR) is studied in a series of La1.85Sr0.15Cu(1-y)Zn(y)O4 films with values of y between 0 and 0.12 and various degrees of strain induced by the mismatch between the films and the substrate. The zinc doping affects only the constant term in the temperature dependence of cotangent theta but the strain affects both the slope and the constant term, while their ratio remains constant.OMR is decreased by zinc doping but is unaffected by strain. The ratio delta rho/(rho*tan^2 theta) is T-independent but decreases with impurity doping. These results put strong constraints on theories of the normal state of high- temperature superconductors.

Published
2001
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45. Magnetotransport in the Normal State of La1.85Sr0.15Cu(1-y)Zn(y)O4 Films

Author

Malinowski, A., Cieplak, Marta Z., Guha, S., Wu, Q., Kim, B., Krickser, A., Perali, A., Karpinska, K., Berkowski, M., Shang, C. H., and Lindenfeld, P.

Subjects
Condensed Matter
Abstract

We have studied the magnetotransport properties in the normal state for a series of La1.85Sr0.15Cu(1-y)Zn(y)O4 films with values of y, between 0 and 0.12. A variable degree of compressive or tensile strain results from the lattice mismatch between the substrate and the film, and affects the transport properties differently from the influence of the zinc impurities. In particular, the orbital magnetoresistance (OMR) varies with y but is strain-independent. The relations for the resistivity and the Hall angle and the proportionality between the OMR and tan^2 theta are followed about 70 K. We have been able to separate the strain and impurity effects by rewriting the above relations, where each term is strain-independent and depends on y only. We also find that changes in the lattice constants give rise to closely the same fractional changes in other terms of the equation.The OMR is more strongly supressed by the addition of impurities than tan^2 theta. We conclude that the relaxation ratethat governs Hall effect is not the same as for the magnetoresistance. We also suggest a correspondence between the transport properties and the opening of the pseudogap at a temperature which changes when the La-sr ratio changes, but does not change with the addition of the zinc impurities.

Published
2001
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46. Low expression of VSIG4 is associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with hepatitis B infection

Author

Zhu S, Tan W, Li W, Zhou R, Wu X, Chen X, Shang C, and Chen Y

Subjects
hepatocellular carcinoma, VSIG4, hepatitis B infection, bioinformatics analysis, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Sicong Zhu,1,2,* Wenliang Tan,1,2,* Wenxin Li,1,2 Rui Zhou,1,2 Xiaolin Wu,1,2 Xianqing Chen,1,2 Wenda Li,2 Changzhen Shang,2 Yajin Chen2 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing protein 4 (VSIG4) was reported to play an important role in tumorigenesis. However, the expression and clinical relevance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown.Materials and methods: First, the mRNA profiles of HCC were screened from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. VSIG4, a differentially expressed gene that has not been reported in HCC, was distinguished. Second, the correlation between VSIG4 expression and the prognosis of HCC patients from TCGA was analyzed. Third, VSIG4 mRNA level was detected in 36 pairs of HCC tissues and 4 HCC cell lines by PCR assay. And finally, prognosis analysis was assessed for 36 HCC patients with different expression levels of VSIG4.Results: Bioinformatics analysis showed that VSIG4 expression was downregulated in HCC tissues, and the expression level of VSIG4 was negatively correlated with serum alpha fetal protein (AFP) level and tumor distant metastasis. Survival analysis of all HCC patients in TCGA indicated that the overall survival and disease-free survival were not significantly associated with VSIG4 expression. However, subgroup analysis showed that in the patients with hepatitis B virus-related HCC, both overall survival and disease-free survival were shorter in the low VSIG4 expression group. Our PCR results further showed that VSIG4 expression was significantly decreased in HCC tissues and HCC cell lines, and the disease-free survival in hepatitis B virus-related HCC patients with low VSIG4 expression was shorter than in those with high VSIG4 expression, which was consistent with the bioinformatics analysis results.Conclusion: Our study suggests that VSIG4 is downregulated in HCC, and low expression of VSIG4 is associated with poor prognosis in hepatitis B virus-related HCC patients. Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, VSIG4, hepatitis B infection, bioinformatics analysis

Published
2018

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