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1. Future Opportunities in Accelerator-based Neutrino Physics

Author

Dell'Acqua, Andrea, Aduszkiewicz, Antoni, Ahlers, Markus, Aihara, Hiroaki, Alion, Tyler, Monsalve, Saul Alonso, Ruso, Luis Alvarez, Antonelli, Vito, Babicz, Marta, Barbano, Anastasia Maria, di Bari, Pasquale, Baussan, Eric, Bellini, Vincenzo, Berardi, Vincenzo, Blondel, Alain, Bonesini, Maurizio, Booth, Alexander, Bordoni, Stefania, Boyarsky, Alexey, Boyd, Steven, Bross, Alan D., Brunner, Juergen, Carlile, Colin, Catanesi, Maria-Gabriella, Christodoulou, Georgios, Coan, Thomas, Cussans, David, Decowski, M. Patrick, De Roeck, Albert, Diwan, Milind, Dracos, Marcos, Drewes, Marco, Ekelof, Tord Johan Carl, Martinez, Enrique Fernandez, Menéndez, Pablo Fernández, Fiorillo, Giuliana, Fischer, Oliver, Galbiati, Cristiano, Gariazzo, Stefano, Gazdzicki, Marek, Moghaddam, Zahra Gh., Gibin, Daniele, Gil-Botella, Inés, Giudice, Gian F., Gonzalez-Garcia, Maria Concepcion, de Gouvea, André, Hannestad, Steen, Hartz, Mark, Hayato, Yoshinari, Huber, Patrick, Ianni, Aldo, Ioannisian, Ara, Itow, Yoshitaka, Jachowicz, Natalie, Jeong, Yu Seon, Jurčiukonis, Darius, Klaric, Juraj, Kliček, Budimir, Kobayashi, Takashi, Kopp, Joachim, Koppert, Magdalena, Kose, Umut, Kowalski, Marek, Kudenko, Yury, Labarga, Luis, Lagoda, Justyna, Lasserre, Thierry, Leitner, Rupert, di Lodovico, Francesca, Long, Kenneth, Longhin, Andrea, Lopez-Pavon, Jacobo, De Lorenzis, Annalisa, Ludovici, Lucio, Masina, Isabella, Menegolli, Alessandro, Menjo, Hiroaki, Mertens, Susanne, Messomo, Etam Noah, Nakahata, Masayuki, Nakaya, Tsuyoshi, Nessi, Marzio, Ohlsson, Tommy, Palestini, Sandro, Palladino, Vittorio, Pallavicini, Marco, Palomares, Carmen, Pandey, Vishvas, Pavan, Maura, Patterson, Ryan, Pec, Viktor, Petcov, Serguey, Petta, Catia, Petti, Roberto, Pietropaolo, Francesco, Popov, Boris, Raffelt, Georg, Ramson, Bryan, Resnati, Filippo, Rondio, Ewa, de Rosa, Gianfranca, Rose, Luigi delle, Ruiz, Richard, Saakyan, Ruben, Sala, Paola, Salvado, Jordi, Sanchez, Federico, Schönert, Stefan, Schwetz, Thomas, Scott, Mark, Sfar, Haifa Rejeb, Sgalaberna, Davide, Shanahan, Peter, Shaposhnikov, Mikhail, Shiozawa, Masato, Soldner-Rembold, Stefan, Soler, Paul, Soualah, Rachik, Stocker, Francesca, Surdo, Antonio, Sutera, Concetta, Terliuk, Andrii, Terranova, Francesco, Thompson, Joshua, Tortorici, Francesco, Tsenov, Roumen, Tufanli, Serhan, Vacheret, Antonin, Valle, José W. F., Verstraeten, Maja, Vorobel, Vit, Wachala, Tomasz, Wark, David, Wascko, Morgan, Weber, Alfons, Weinheimer, Christian, Whitehead, Leigh H., Wilson, Fergus, Yokoyama, Masashi, Zalesak, Jaroslav, Zani, Andrea, Zimmerman, Eric D., and Zito, Marco

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

This document summarizes the conclusions of the Neutrino Town Meeting held at CERN in October 2018 to review the neutrino field at large with the aim of defining a strategy for accelerator-based neutrino physics in Europe. The importance of the field across its many complementary components is stressed. Recommendations are presented regarding the accelerator based neutrino physics, pertinent to the European Strategy for Particle Physics. We address in particular i) the role of CERN and its neutrino platform, ii) the importance of ancillary neutrino cross-section experiments, and iii) the capability of fixed target experiments as well as present and future high energy colliders to search for the possible manifestations of neutrino mass generation mechanisms., Comment: 10+6 pages; Summary Document of the European Neutrino Town Meeting, Oct 22-24 at CERN; editors: Alain Blondel, Albert De Roeck, Joachim Kopp; v2: references added

Published
2018

4. Managing Projects for Change: Contextualised Project Management

Author

Tynan, Belinda, Adlington, Rachael, Stewart, Cherry, Vale, Deborah, Sims, Rod, and Shanahan, Peter

Abstract

This paper will detail three projects which focussed on enhancing online learning at a large Australian distance education University within a School of Business, School of Health and School of Education. Each project had special funding and took quite distinctive project management approaches, which reflect the desire to embed innovation and ownership at the instructor and student interface. By responding to the stakeholder requirements these three projects provide insight into (a) how integrated professional development serves to enable change in practice; (b) why leadership at both junior and senior levels of the organization is an important driver to support instructor engagement for real change; (c) what role external private contractors can play; and, (d) how instructors were integrated through the varied project management approaches. The integrating theme of the paper is instructor engagement for real change. Each project will be detailed as mini-cases and key lessons drawn out that describe and explain the challenges, opportunities and scope of varied project management approaches to suit the distinct four contexts. This paper builds on and brings together considerable investigation into how we can support and enhance dissemination of a variety of project-based models that respond to contextual needs and issues. The multiple-school case study methodology serves to provide an approach that is both robust and cognisant of current trends in increased University investment through short-term project funding. The final recommendations will highlight how different approaches to project management are both desirable and essential for successfully embedding change of instructor practices for enhancing student learning in distance education modes. (Contains 1 figure.)

Published
2010

5. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe

Author

LBNE Collaboration, Adams, Corey, Adams, David, Akiri, Tarek, Alion, Tyler, Anderson, Kris, Andreopoulos, Costas, Andrews, Mike, Anghel, Ioana, Anjos, João Carlos Costa dos, Antonello, Maddalena, Arrieta-Diaz, Enrique, Artuso, Marina, Asaadi, Jonathan, Bai, Xinhua, Baibussinov, Bagdat, Baird, Michael, Balantekin, Baha, Baller, Bruce, Baptista, Brian, Barker, D'Ann, Barker, Gary, Barletta, William A., Barr, Giles, Bartoszek, Larry, Bashyal, Amit, Bass, Matt, Bellini, Vincenzo, Benetti, Pietro Angelo, Berger, Bruce E., Bergevin, Marc, Berman, Eileen, Berns, Hans-Gerd, Bernstein, Adam, Bernstein, Robert, Bhandari, Babu, Bhatnagar, Vipin, Bhuyan, Bipul, Bian, Jianming, Bishai, Mary, Blake, Andrew, Blaszczyk, Flor, Blaufuss, Erik, Bleakley, Bruce, Blucher, Edward, Blusk, Steve, Bocean, Virgil, Boffelli, F., Boissevain, Jan, Bolton, Timothy, Bonesini, Maurizio, Boyd, Steve, Brandt, Andrew, Breedon, Richard, Bromberg, Carl, Brown, Ralph, Brunetti, Giullia, Buchanan, Norman, Bugg, Bill, Busenitz, Jerome, Calligarich, E., Camilleri, Leslie, Carminati, Giada, Carr, Rachel, Castromonte, Cesar, Cavanna, Flavio, Centro, Sandro, Chen, Alex, Chen, Hucheng, Chen, Kai, Cherdack, Daniel, Chi, Cheng-Yi, Childress, Sam, Choudhary, Brajesh Chandra, Christodoulou, Georgios, Christofferson, Cabot-Ann, Church, Eric, Cline, David, Coan, Thomas, Cocco, Alfredo, Coelho, Joao, Coleman, Stephen, Conrad, Janet M., Convery, Mark, Corey, Robert, Corwin, Luke, Cranshaw, Jack, Cronin-Hennessy, Daniel, Curioni, A., da Motta, Helio, Davenne, Tristan, Davies, Gavin S., Dazeley, Steven, De, Kaushik, de Gouvea, Andre, de Jong, Jeffrey K., Demuth, David, Densham, Chris, Diwan, Milind, Djurcic, Zelimir, Dolfini, R., Dolph, Jeffrey, Drake, Gary, Dye, Stephen, Dyuang, Hongue, Edmunds, Daniel, Elliott, Steven, Elnimr, Muhammad, Eno, Sarah, Enomoto, Sanshiro, Escobar, Carlos O., Evans, Justin, Falcone, A., Falk, Lisa, Farbin, Amir, Farnese, Christian, Fava, Angela, Felde, John, Fernandes, S., Ferroni, Fernando, Feyzi, Farshid, Fields, Laura, Finch, Alex, Fitton, Mike, Fleming, Bonnie, Fowler, Jack, Fox, Walt, Friedland, Alex, Fuess, Stu, Fujikawa, Brian, Gallagher, Hugh, Gandhi, Raj, Garvey, Gerald, Gehman, Victor M., de Geronimo, Gianluigi, Gibin, Daniele, Gill, Ronald, Gomes, Ricardo A., Goodman, Maury C., Goon, Jason, Graf, Nicholas, Graham, Mathew, Gran, Rik, Grant, Christopher, Grant, Nick, Greenlee, Herbert, Greenler, Leland, Grullon, Sean, Guardincerri, Elena, Guarino, Victor, Guarnaccia, Evan, Guedes, Germano, Guenette, Roxanne, Guglielmi, Alberto, Guzzo, Marcelo M., Habig, Alec T., Hackenburg, Robert W., Hadavand, Haleh, Hahn, Alan, Haigh, Martin, Haines, Todd, Handler, Thomas, Hans, Sunej, Hartnell, Jeff, Harton, John, Hatcher, Robert, Hatzikoutelis, Athans, Hays, Steven, Hazen, Eric, Headley, Mike, Heavey, Anne, Heeger, Karsten, Heise, Jaret, Hellauer, Robert, Hewes, V, Himmel, Alexander, Hogan, Matthew, Holanda, Pedro, Holin, Anna, Horton-Smith, Glenn, Howell, Joe, Hurh, Patrick, Huston, Joey, Hylen, James, Imlay, Richard, Insler, Jonathan, Introzzi, G., Isvan, Zeynep, Jackson, Chris, Jacobsen, John, Jaffe, David E., James, Cat, Jen, Chun-Min, Johnson, Marvin, Johnson, Randy, Johnson, Robert, Johnson, Scott, Johnston, William, Johnstone, John, Jones, Ben J. P., Jostlein, H., Junk, Thomas, Kadel, Richard, Kaess, Karl, Karagiorgi, Georgia, Kaspar, Jarek, Katori, Teppei, Kayser, Boris, Kearns, Edward, Keener, Paul, Kemp, Ernesto, Kettell, Steve H., Kirby, Mike, Klein, Joshua, Koizumi, Gordon, Kopp, Sacha, Kormos, Laura, Kropp, William, Kudryavtsev, Vitaly A., Kumar, Ashok, Kumar, Jason, Kutter, Thomas, La Zia, Franco, Lande, Kenneth, Lane, Charles, Lang, Karol, Lanni, Francesco, Lanza, Richard, Latorre, Tony, Learned, John, Lee, David, Lee, Kevin, Li, Qizhong, Li, Shaorui, Li, Yichen, Li, Zepeng, Libo, Jiang, Linden, Steve, Ling, Jiajie, Link, Jonathan, Littenberg, Laurence, Liu, Hu, Liu, Qiuguang, Liu, Tiankuan, Losecco, John, Louis, William, Lundberg, Byron, Lundin, Tracy, Lundy, Jay, Machado, Ana Amelia, Maesano, Cara, Magill, Steve, Mahler, George, Malon, David, Malys, Stephen, Mammoliti, Francesco, Mandal, Samit Kumar, Mann, Anthony, Mantsch, Paul, Marchionni, Alberto, Marciano, William, Mariani, Camillo, Maricic, Jelena, Marino, Alysia, Marshak, Marvin, Marshall, John, Matsuno, Shiegenobu, Mauger, Christopher, Mavrokoridis, Konstantinos, Mayer, Nate, McCauley, Neil, McCluskey, Elaine, McDonald, Kirk, McFarland, Kevin, McKee, David, McKeown, Robert, McTaggart, Robert, Mehdiyev, Rashid, Mei, Dongming, Menegolli, A., Meng, Guang, Meng, Yixiong, Mertins, David, Messier, Mark, Metcalf, William, Milincic, Radovan, Miller, William, Mills, Geoff, Mishra, Sanjib R., Mokhov, Nikolai, Montanari, Claudio, Montanari, David, Moore, Craig, Morfin, Jorge, Morgan, Ben, Morse, William, Moss, Zander, Moura, Célio A., Mufson, Stuart, Muller, David, Musser, Jim, Naples, Donna, Napolitano, Jim, Newcomer, Mitch, Nichol, Ryan, Nicholls, Tim, Niner, Evan, Norris, Barry, Nowak, Jaroslaw, O'Keeffe, Helen, Oliveira, Roberto, Olson, Travis, Page, Brian, Pakvasa, Sandip, Palamara, Ornella, Paley, Jon, Paolone, Vittorio, Papadimitriou, Vaia, Park, Seongtae, Parsa, Zohreh, Partyka, Kinga, Paulos, Bob, Pavlovic, Zarko, Peeters, Simon, Perch, Andy, Perkin, Jon D., Petti, Roberto, Petukhov, Andre, Pietropaolo, Francesco, Plunkett, Robert, Polly, Chris, Pordes, Stephen, Potekhin, Maxim, Potenza, Renato, Prakash, Arati, Prokofiev, Oleg, Qian, Xin, Raaf, Jennifer L., Radeka, Veljko, Rakhno, Igor, Ramachers, Yorck, Rameika, Regina, Ramsey, John, Rappoldi, A., Raselli, G. L., Ratoff, Peter, Ravindra, Shreyas, Rebel, Brian, Reichenbacher, Juergen, Reitzner, Dianne, Rescia, Sergio, Richardson, Martin, Rielage, Kieth, Riesselmann, Kurt, Robinson, Matt, Rochester, Leon, Ronquest, Michael, Rosen, Marc, Rossella, M., Rubbia, Carlo, Rucinski, Russ, Sahijpal, Sandeep, Sahoo, Himansu, Sala, Paola, Salmiera, Delia, Samios, Nicholas, Sanchez, Mayly, Scaramelli, Alberto, Schellman, Heidi, Schmitt, Richard, Schmitz, David, Schneps, Jack, Scholberg, Kate, Segreto, Ettore, Seibert, Stanley, Sexton-Kennedy, Liz, Shaevitz, Mike, Shanahan, Peter, Sharma, Rahul, Shaw, Terri, Simos, Nikolaos, Singh, Venktesh, Sinnis, Gus, Sippach, William, Skwarnicki, Tomasz, Smy, Michael, Sobel, Henry, Soderberg, Mitch, Sondericker, John, Sondheim, Walter, Sousa, Alexandre, Spooner, Neil J. C., Stancari, Michelle, Stancu, Ion, Stefan, Dorota, Stefanik, Andy, Stewart, James, Stone, Sheldon, Strait, James, Strait, Matthew, Striganov, Sergei, Sullivan, Gregory, Sun, Yujing, Suter, Louise, Svenson, Andrew, Svoboda, Robert, Szczerbinska, Barbara, Szelc, Andrzej, Szydagis, Matthew, Söldner-Rembold, Stefan, Talaga, Richard, Tamsett, Matthew, Tariq, Salman, Tayloe, Rex, Taylor, Charles, Taylor, David, Teymourian, Artin, Themann, Harry, Thiesse, Matthew, Thomas, Jenny, Thompson, Lee F., Thomson, Mark, Thorn, Craig, Thorpe, Matt, Tian, Xinchun, Tiedt, Doug, Toki, Walter, Tolich, Nikolai, Torti, M., Toups, Matt, Touramanis, Christos, Tripathi, Mani, Tropin, Igor, Tsai, Yun-Tse, Tull, Craig, Tzanov, Martin, Urheim, Jon, Usman, Shawn, Vagins, Mark, Valdiviesso, Gustavo, Van Berg, Rick, Van de Water, Richard, Van Gemmeren, Peter, Varanini, Filippo, Varner, Gary, Vaziri, Kamran, Velev, Gueorgui, Ventura, Sandro, Vignoli, Chiara, Viren, Brett, Wahl, Dan, Waldron, Abby, Walter, Christopher W., Wang, Hanguo, Wang, Wei, Warburton, Karl, Warner, David, Wasserman, Ryan, Watson, Blake, Weber, Alfons, Wei, Wenzhao, Wells, Douglas, Wetstein, Matthew, White, Andy, White, Hywel, Whitehead, Lisa, Whittington, Denver, Willhite, Joshua, Wilson, Robert J., Winslow, Lindley, Wood, Kevin, Worcester, Elizabeth, Worcester, Matthew, Xin, Tian, Yarritu, Kevin, Ye, Jingbo, Yeh, Minfang, Yu, Bo, Yu, Jae, Yuan, Tianlu, Zani, A., Zeller, Geralyn P., Zhang, Chao, Zimmerman, Eric D., and Zwaska, Robert

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Accelerator Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in Lead, South Dakota, is approximately 1,300 km from the neutrino source at Fermilab -- a distance (baseline) that delivers optimal sensitivity to neutrino charge-parity symmetry violation and mass ordering effects. This ambitious yet cost-effective design incorporates scalability and flexibility and can accommodate a variety of upgrades and contributions. With its exceptional combination of experimental configuration, technical capabilities, and potential for transformative discoveries, LBNE promises to be a vital facility for the field of particle physics worldwide, providing physicists from around the globe with opportunities to collaborate in a twenty to thirty year program of exciting science. In this document we provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess., Comment: Major update of previous version. This is the reference document for LBNE science program and current status. Chapters 1, 3, and 9 provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess. 288 pages, 116 figures

Published
2013

7. Assessment of heavy farm traffic soil compaction using non-invasive and non-destructive techniques

Author

Shanahan, Peter William

Subjects
631.4
Abstract

Soil is a non-renewable natural resource at risk from degradation worldwide by human activities, mainly intensive agriculture. Soil erosion as a result of agriculture is a global problem, not only leading to loss of a growing medium, but increased pollution of fresh water systems. The soil losses from arable farmland by water erosion in excess of 1 ton ha-1 y(l has increased since the adoption of winter cereals in the UK, but exacerbated by soil compaction by heavy farm traffic. Heavy traffic impairs infiltration of rainfall, leading to infiltration excess overland flow, taking sediment and nutrients, namely phosphorus, off sloping arable fields. Tramlines, temporary lanes used for heavy farm traffic, effectively channel rainfall overland flow during the wet winters in the UK, focusing sediment and phosphorus transportation from arable land. This thesis covers the work carried out at Lancaster University from November 2009 to May 2012 in conjunction with a consortium of researchers and agricultural industry bodies, headed by ADAS UK Limited, to investigate cost-effective measures for reducing sediment and phosphorus losses from arable land. The full project: 'Reducing the risks associated with autumn wheeling of combinable crops to mitigate runoff and diffuse pollution: a field and catchment scale evaluation', was funded by the Sustainable Arable Link Project of the UK's Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) through the Home Grown Cereals Authority. Field trials of low ground-pressure tyres compared to standard agricultural tyres, cropping within tramlines, and soil surface disruption were conducted over three growing seasons of winter wheat. The soil textures ranged from sandy loam to clays for three locations in England, and a sandy loam for one location in Scotland.1 This study focussed on investigating the physical parameters of the compaction caused by the heavy farm traffic and the effectiveness of low ground-pressure tyres in reducing soil compaction at the three field locations in England: Gatley in Herefordshire; Hattons in Staffordshire; and Loddington in Leicestershire. Tramlines, not monitored for overland runoff, but adjacent to those which were, was provided for this study. The soils of the tramlines, both wheeled and non-wheeled, were investigated with innovative approaches with radiographic, photographic and geophysical techniques to improve our understanding of physical changes to soil structure under heavy farm traffic. The aim of the study was to apply the above techniques as tools for assessing soil compaction and to help conclude with the project consortium that In November 2009, during the first trials of low ground-pressure tyres, soil was removed in intact cores from the sites. The cores were measured for saturated hydraulic conductivity by constant head method, bulk electrical conductivity, and bulk density using radiographic imaging. The results show that hydraulic conductivity measurements were inconclusive in revealing reduced compaction under low ground-pressure tyre treatments. The bulk electrical conductivity measurements provided key information on the electrical formation factor of the cores, a measure of the effective porosity conducting electrical current, revealing higher porosity of the soils treated with low ground-pressure tyres. The results of the radiography measurements provided grey-scale images, showing increased bulk density with darker shades. These shades were converted into a range of soil bulk densities for each soil texture. The results revealed that significant impacts to prevailing soil bulk density by the heavy traffic treatments was limited to 0.5-0.8 m from the surface, highlighting a zone of reduced porosity. The radiographs also provided fine spatial resolution of the change in soil bulk density with depth, difficult to achieve with traditional core techniques, revealing that under the low ground-pressure treatments significantly lower soil bulk densities can be maintained. In autumn 2010, during the second trial season of low-ground pressure tyres, the tramline wheelings were photographed and measured for electrical conductivity in-situ. The photographs were taken with a commercial digital SLR camera at three locations along the lengths of the tram line treatments. In pairs, overlapping by 60- 80%, the digital photographs showed a single tramline wheeling, with also ground referencing coordinates. These photographs formed the basis of photogrammetry, the measurement of photographs, and 3-D models of the tramline wheelings (digital terrain models) were generated with Erdas eATE imaging software. The results were of DTMs with a mean RMSE of 0.003 m in the horizontal and vertical plane, with the cleat depressions of the tyres and individual aggregates >0.005 m defined. As a tool to measure soil surface deformation, photogrammetry has increased precision over traditional pin-meter and chain techniques, though requires considerable skill and time to process the photographs.

Published
2013

9. SIMPLE Is a Good Idea (and Better with Context Learning)

Author

Xu, Zhoubing, Asman, Andrew J., Shanahan, Peter L., Abramson, Richard G., Landman, Bennett A., Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Kobsa, Alfred, Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Golland, Polina, editor, Hata, Nobuhiko, editor, Barillot, Christian, editor, Hornegger, Joachim, editor, and Howe, Robert, editor

Published
2014
Full Text
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12. Quality in University Student Administration: Stakeholder Conceptions

Author

Shanahan, Peter and Gerber, Rod

Abstract

This paper examines the varying experiences of quality amongst key stakeholders (those who have an interest in, an impact on or are users of) in faculty student administration in an Australian university and proposes a framework for understanding quality in this context. Data were obtained using a qualitative phenomenographic research approach and collected through 42 face-to-face interviews with key stakeholders (students, parents, administrative staff, academic staff, executive officers, domestic partners, offshore partners and a careers adviser). Data were categorised into eight conceptions which represent stakeholders' understanding of quality. The relationships between the conceptions are discussed and represented diagrammatically to form a new understanding of quality in faculty student administration. (Contains 1 figure.)

Published
2004
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30. Evaluation of pollutant removal efficiency of a bioretention basin and implications for stormwater management in tropical cities

Author

Wang, Jia, Chua, Lloyd HC, Shanahan, Peter, Wang, Jia, Chua, Lloyd HC, and Shanahan, Peter

Abstract

Non-point source pollution is a prevalent problem throughout the world. Bioretention basins have been deployed worldwide to treat stormwater runoff and alleviate eutrophication in downstream water resources. However, basin performance in the tropics is poorly understood. Given the distinctly different rainfall-runoff characteristics of tropical climates, whether basins that are built according to temperate design guidelines are effective is questionable. There have been no field studies based on continuous, high-resolution, long-term monitoring in the tropics. In this study, 96 storms were monitored in the first bioretention basin in Singapore. Of these, flow measurements were made during 80 events and samples were collected and analyzed for 15 water quality parameters (including nitrogen and phosphorus species, total suspended solids, and chemical oxygen demand) during six events. The mean removal rates were 25%, 46%, and 53% for total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids respectively. Results show that a lack of storage capacity and resulting high overflow reduce pollutant removal efficiency for high-rainfall-depth events. The transition from efficient to non-efficient removal occurs at a rainfall depth between 10 and 30 mm. Low EMC (event mean concentration) and weak first flush as a result of frequent and intense rainfall in the tropics also contribute to low removal rate. The results suggest a need to revise bioretention basin design guidelines for the tropics to be based on WQV or WQD (water quality volume or depth) instead of ARI (average recurrence interval). A larger basin volume (WQD between 10 to 30 mm) is recommended.

Published
2017

31. Methods to estimate changes in soil water for phenotyping root activity in the field

Author

Whalley, William R., Binley, Andrew Mark, Watts, C. W., Shanahan, Peter, Dodd, Ian Charles, Ober, E. S., Ashton, R. W., Webster, C. P., White, R. P., Hawkesford, Malcolm J., Whalley, William R., Binley, Andrew Mark, Watts, C. W., Shanahan, Peter, Dodd, Ian Charles, Ober, E. S., Ashton, R. W., Webster, C. P., White, R. P., and Hawkesford, Malcolm J.

Abstract

Background and Aims There is an urgent need to develop new high throughput approaches to phenotype roots in the field. Excavating roots to make direct measurements is labour intensive. An alternative to excavation is to measure soil drying profiles and to infer root activity. Methods We grew 23 lines of wheat in 2013, 2014 and 2015. In each year we estimated soil water profiles with electrical resistance tomography (ERT), electromagnetic inductance (EMI), penetrometer measurements and measurements of soil water content. We determined the relationships between the measured variable and soil water content and matric potential. Results We found that ERT and penetrometer measurements were closely related to soil matric potential and produced the best discrimination between wheat lines. We found genotypic differences in depth of water uptake in soil water profiles and in the extent of surface drying. Conclusions Penetrometer measurements can provide a reliable approach to comparing soil drying profiles by different wheat lines, and genotypic rankings are repeatable across years. EMI, which is more sensitive to soil water content than matric potential, and is less effective in drier soils than the penetrometer or ERT, nevertheless can be used to rapidly screen large populations for differences in root activity.

Published
2017

32. Evaluation of pollutant removal efficiency of a bioretention basin and implications for stormwater management in tropical cities

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Wang, Jia, Shanahan, Peter, Chua, Lloyd H. C., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Wang, Jia, Shanahan, Peter, and Chua, Lloyd H. C.

Abstract

Non-point source pollution is a prevalent problem throughout the world. Bioretention basins have been deployed worldwide to treat stormwater runoff and alleviate eutrophication in downstream water resources. However, basin performance in the tropics is poorly understood. Given the distinctly different rainfall-runoff characteristics of tropical climates, whether basins that are built according to temperate design guidelines are effective is questionable. There have been no field studies based on continuous, high-resolution, long-term monitoring in the tropics. In this study, 96 storms were monitored in the first bioretention basin in Singapore. Of these, flow measurements were made during 80 events and samples were collected and analyzed for 15 water quality parameters (including nitrogen and phosphorus species, total suspended solids, and chemical oxygen demand) during six events. The mean removal rates were 25%, 46%, and 53% for total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids respectively. Results show that a lack of storage capacity and resulting high overflow reduce pollutant removal efficiency for high-rainfall-depth events. The transition from efficient to non-efficient removal occurs at a rainfall depth between 10 and 30 mm. Low EMC (event mean concentration) and weak first flush as a result of frequent and intense rainfall in the tropics also contribute to low removal rate. The results suggest a need to revise bioretention basin design guidelines for the tropics to be based on WQV or WQD (water quality volume or depth) instead of ARI (average recurrence interval). A larger basin volume (WQD between 10 to 30 mm) is recommended., Singapore. National Research Foundation (Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology. Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling)

Published
2017

33. Distribution and abundance of human-specific

Author

Nshimyimana, Jean Pierre, Ekklesia, E., Shanahan, Peter, Chua, L. H. C., Thompson, Janelle Renee, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nshimyimana, Jean Pierre, Shanahan, Peter, and Thompson, Janelle Renee

Abstract

Aims: The study goals were to determine the relationship between faecal indicator bacteria (FIB), the HF183 marker and land use, and the phylogenetic diversity of HF183 marker sequences in a tropical urban watershed. Methods and Results: Total coliforms, Escherichia coli, and HF183 were quantified in 81 samples categorized as undeveloped, residential and horticultural from the Kranji Reservoir and Catchment in Singapore. Quantitative-PCR for HF183 followed by analysis of variance indicated that horticultural areas had significantly higher geometric means for marker levels (4·3 × 104 HF183-GE 100 ml−1) than nonhorticultural areas (3·07 × 103 HF183-GE 100 ml−1). E. coli and HF183 were moderately correlated in horticultural areas (R = 0·59, P = 0·0077), but not elsewhere in the catchment. Initial upstream surveys of candidate sources revealed elevated HF183 in a wastewater treatment effluent but not in aquaculture ponds. The HF183 marker was cloned, sequenced and determined by phylogenetic analysis to match the original marker description. Conclusion: We show that quantification of the HF183 marker is a useful tool for mapping the spatial distribution and potential sources of human sewage contamination in tropical environments such as Singapore. Significance and Impact: A major challenge for assessment of water quality in tropical environments is the natural occurrence and nonconservative behaviour of FIB. The HF183 marker has been employed in temperate environments as an alternative indicator for human sewage contamination. Our study supports the use of the HF183 marker as an indicator for human sewage in Singapore and motivates further work to determine HF183 marker levels that correspond to public health risk in tropical environments., Singapore. National Research Foundation, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling research programme), Singapore. Public Utilities Board

Published
2014

37. Distribution and abundance of human-specific

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nshimyimana, Jean Pierre, Shanahan, Peter, Thompson, Janelle Renee, Ekklesia, E., Chua, L. H. C., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nshimyimana, Jean Pierre, Shanahan, Peter, Thompson, Janelle Renee, Ekklesia, E., and Chua, L. H. C.

Abstract

Aims: The study goals were to determine the relationship between faecal indicator bacteria (FIB), the HF183 marker and land use, and the phylogenetic diversity of HF183 marker sequences in a tropical urban watershed. Methods and Results: Total coliforms, Escherichia coli, and HF183 were quantified in 81 samples categorized as undeveloped, residential and horticultural from the Kranji Reservoir and Catchment in Singapore. Quantitative-PCR for HF183 followed by analysis of variance indicated that horticultural areas had significantly higher geometric means for marker levels (4·3 × 104 HF183-GE 100 ml−1) than nonhorticultural areas (3·07 × 103 HF183-GE 100 ml−1). E. coli and HF183 were moderately correlated in horticultural areas (R = 0·59, P = 0·0077), but not elsewhere in the catchment. Initial upstream surveys of candidate sources revealed elevated HF183 in a wastewater treatment effluent but not in aquaculture ponds. The HF183 marker was cloned, sequenced and determined by phylogenetic analysis to match the original marker description. Conclusion: We show that quantification of the HF183 marker is a useful tool for mapping the spatial distribution and potential sources of human sewage contamination in tropical environments such as Singapore. Significance and Impact: A major challenge for assessment of water quality in tropical environments is the natural occurrence and nonconservative behaviour of FIB. The HF183 marker has been employed in temperate environments as an alternative indicator for human sewage contamination. Our study supports the use of the HF183 marker as an indicator for human sewage in Singapore and motivates further work to determine HF183 marker levels that correspond to public health risk in tropical environments., Singapore. National Research Foundation, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling research programme), Singapore. Public Utilities Board

Published
2015

41. The NOνA Far Detector Data Acquisition System

Author

Zálešák, Jaroslav, primary, Biery, Kurt, additional, Guglielmo, Gerald, additional, Habig, Alec, additional, Illingworth, Robert, additional, Kasahara, Susan, additional, Kwarciany, Rick, additional, Lu, Qiming, additional, Lukhanin, Gennadiy, additional, Magill, Stephen, additional, Mathis, Mark, additional, Meyer, Holger, additional, Moren, Adam, additional, Mualem, Leon, additional, Muether, Mathew, additional, Norman, Andrew, additional, Paley, Jonathan, additional, Perevalov, Denis, additional, Piccoli, Luciano, additional, Rechenmacher, Ronald, additional, Shanahan, Peter, additional, Suter, Louise, additional, and Waldron, Abigail, additional

Published
2014
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44. 1.85 Water and Wastewater Treatment Engineering, Spring 2005

Author

Shanahan, Peter and Shanahan, Peter

Abstract

Theory and design of systems for treating industrial and municipal wastewater and potable water supplies. Methods for characterizing wastewater properties. Physical, chemical, and biological processes, including primary treatment, and suspended growth and fixed-film methods for secondary treatment. Nutrient removal. Reactor design and process kinetics. State-of-the-art processes. Sludge processing and disposal.

Published
2005

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