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981 results on '"Shan, Anshan"'

40. Biomimetic Peptide Nanonets: Exploiting Bacterial Entrapment and Macrophage Rerousing for Combatting Infections

Author

Gao, Nan, Bai, Pengfei, Fang, Chunyang, Wu, Wanpeng, Bi, Chongpeng, Wang, Jiajun, and Shan, Anshan

Abstract

The alarming rise in global antimicrobial resistance underscores the urgent need for effective antibacterial drugs. Drawing inspiration from the bacterial-entrapment mechanism of human defensin 6, we have fabricated biomimetic peptide nanonets composed of multiple functional fragments for bacterial eradication. These biomimetic peptide nanonets are designed to address antimicrobial resistance challenges through a dual-approach strategy. First, the resulting nanofibrous networks trap bacteria and subsequently kill them by loosening the membrane structure, dissipating proton motive force, and causing multiple metabolic perturbations. Second, these trapped bacterial clusters reactivate macrophages to scavenge bacteria through enhanced chemotaxis and phagocytosis via the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and ECM–receptor interaction. In vivoresults have proven that treatment with biomimetic peptide nanonets can alleviate systemic bacterial infections without causing noticeable systemic toxicity. As anticipated, the proposed strategy can address stubborn infections by entrapping bacteria and awakening antibacterial immune responses. This approach might serve as a guide for the design of bioinspired materials for future clinical applications.

Published
2024
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43. Dietary pterostilbene exerts potential protective effects by regulating lipid metabolism and enhancing antioxidant capacity on liver in broilers.

Author

Zhang, Licong, Zhang, Jingyang, Zang, Haoran, Yin, Zesheng, Guan, Peiyue, Yu, Chunting, Shan, Anshan, and Feng, Xingjun

Subjects
LIPID metabolism, GENE expression, DIETARY supplements, OXIDANT status, AMP-activated protein kinases
Abstract

Intensive breeding of broilers met the increasing demands of human for broiler products, but it raised their increased susceptibility to various stressors resulting in the disorder of lipid metabolism. Pterostilbene, the methoxylated analogue of resveratrol, exhibits astonishing functions of antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and glycolipid regulatory. The study aimed to elucidate the protective effects of pterostilbene on broiler liver and to explore the potential mechanisms. A total of 480 one‐day‐old male Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were randomly divided into four groups: the control group (basal diet) and pterostilbene groups (PT200, PT400, and PT600 feeding with basal diet containing 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg pterostilbene, respectively). The results showed that the dietary pterostilbene supplementation significantly improved the ADG of broilers. Dietary pterostilbene supplementation regulated the expression levels of the genes Sirt1 and AMPK and the downstream genes related to lipid metabolism to protect liver function and reduce lipid accumulation in broilers. Dietary pterostilbene supplementation upregulated the expression levels of the Nrf2 gene and its downstream antioxidant genes (SOD, CAT, HO‐1, NQO‐1, GPX) and phase II detoxification enzyme‐related genes (GST, GCLM, GCLC). Collectively, pterostilbene was confirmed the positive effects as a feed additive on lipid metabolism and antioxidant via regulating Sirt1/AMPK and Nrf2 signalling pathways in broilers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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44. Food Security: Nutritional Characteristics, Feed Utilization Status and Limiting Factors of Aged Brown Rice.

Author

Chai, Xuehong, Sun, Xue, Qi, Xueyan, Shan, Anshan, and Feng, Xingjun

Subjects
BROWN rice, FOOD security, FOOD crops, FOOD waste, NUTRITIONAL value, RICE
Abstract

Rice is one of the most significant food crops for human sustenance. Every year, many countries around the world hoard enormous amounts of rice to avert emergencies and guarantee food security and sufficiency. As a result, the inventory of aged rice is growing as the number of inventory years rises. Aged rice stored over three years loses its nutritional value and is no longer suitable for human consumption. There is a pressing need to find a solution to effectively utilize aged brown rice produced from aged rice after dehulling. Developing and utilizing aged brown rice as feed is economical and efficient due to its massive resources and rich nutritional content, which will also lessen food waste while resolving the problem of excessive hoarding of aged rice. This review mainly summarizes the nutritional value, application in feed, and nutritional limiting factors of aged brown rice. It provides a theoretical basis for solving the overstock of aged brown rice and the feasibility of using aged brown rice as feed in a cost-effective way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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