3,417 results on '"Shakeshaft A"'
Search Results
2. ACPSEM position paper: pre-treatment patient specific plan checks and quality assurance in radiation oncology
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Fog, Lotte S., Webb, Luke K., Barber, Jeffrey, Jennings, Matthew, Towns, Sam, Olivera, Susana, and Shakeshaft, John
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- 2024
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3. Estimating the impact of transmitted and non-transmitted psychiatric and neurodevelopmental polygenic scores on youth emotional problems
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Shakeshaft, Amy, Martin, Joanna, Dennison, Charlotte A., Riglin, Lucy, Lewis, Cathryn M., O’Donovan, Michael C., and Thapar, Anita
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- 2024
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4. Associations Between Supported Accommodation and Health and Re-offending Outcomes: a Retrospective Data Linkage Study
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Gibbs, Daisy, Colledge-Frisby, Samantha, Farnbach, Sara, Doyle, Michael, Shakeshaft, Anthony, and Larney, Sarah
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- 2024
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5. Vertebral Bone Density Variations in Scoliotic vs. Non-Scoliotic Juveniles, and Its Implications for Schmorl’s Node Development: A CT-Based Analysis Using the New Mexico Decedent Image Database
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Ellen Shakeshaft, Matteo Borrini, and Constantine Eliopoulos
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scoliosis ,Schmorl’s nodes ,vertebral density ,bone mineral density ,CT scans ,spinal deformity ,Human anatomy ,QM1-695 - Abstract
Scoliosis, characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, is predominantly idiopathic, underscoring the need to delve into its underlying causes for effective treatment and preventive strategies. This study investigates a potential correlation between scoliosis and Schmorl’s nodes (intervertebral disc herniations) influenced by Wolff’s law, which posits that bones adapt to external pressures. We analyzed CT scans from 108 juvenile decedents, including 56 with scoliosis and 52 without. After running multiple statistical tests, there was no significance between the mean bone density when compared to having scoliosis. An independent t-test provided a t-value of 0.041, which, when compared to the original significance level of 0.05, is statistically significant, although weak. When compared to the Bonferroni correction level of 0.008, it throws out the significance to give a result of not being statistically significant. It was the same in the cases of L3 (t = 0.103), L2 (t = 0.084), and L1 (t = 0.053). If compared to the regular significance level of 0.05, T12 (t = 0.012) and T11 (t = 0.042) had weak significance, but that was then excluded when the Bonferroni correction was applied. When looking at any significance of densities in different vertebral regions, the results from a one-way ANOVA (p-value = 0.213) suggest that it is likely that the results are due to random variability or chance, and that there is no statistical significance. With a value of 0.273 from a Chi-squared (χ2)/Fisher’s exact test, it suggests that there is no statistically significant correlation or difference between the variables of scoliosis and Schmorl’s nodes. The general pattern seems to follow that as the spine ascends, the density increases, and this is true in both scoliotic and non-scoliotic individuals. As a whole, it is evident that those with scoliosis have a lower vertebral density than those without, in all of the vertebral regions. There is, however, a weak negative linear relationship between bone density and age in both scoliotic and non-scoliotic individuals. A p-value of −0.229 obtained from a Pearson correlation coefficient analysis in non-scoliotic individuals, as well as a p-value of −0.069 in scoliotic individuals, was obtained. Overall, the findings of this study are comparable to some existing studies on similar topics, but there are few results that hold statistical significance and so this would be interesting to research further, potentially using a different dataset or a larger sample size that is more representative.
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- 2024
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6. Building learning power, existential thinking and religious education : an exploratory study
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Shakeshaft, Kristina Elizabeth
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L Education (General) ,LB Theory and practice of education ,LB1603 Secondary Education. High schools - Abstract
RE as personal or human development is one of several models used in the teaching of RE (NATRE, 2021). This model advocates an approach to Religious Education (RE) in which students, through the study of existential questions, are encouraged to engage in what Michael Grimmitt (1987) refers to as a 'dialectical relationship' between the student's own religion or worldview and those of others. In RE as personal development students are encouraged not only to learn about but also from the religious material studied and use it, as appropriate, to enrich their own religious views, or to use as a 'critical filter' for their own developing beliefs and values. Put another way, the aim of RE as personal development is to encourage students to develop their existential thinking. A range of strategies exist to encourage student reflexivity, and for some simply being exposed to the views of others is enough to facilitate some form of personal engagement. However, for others more is needed to tackle the apathy and disinterest shown towards the RE and encourage more student buy- in. This study explores how the explicit teaching of Building Learning Power (BLP) in an RE curriculum may help student buy-in to the subject more and support them to become better existential thinking in RE. My research questions are: How does explicit teaching of learning habits support the development of existential thinking in Religious Education? • Do different groups of students respond differently to attempts to develop their existential thinking? • Do some learning habits play a greater role than others in supporting the development of existential thinking in RE? • How does this exploratory study of the impact of learning habits on the students' development of existential thinking translate into conclusions for the pedagogy of RE today? To investigate whether a learning-powered RE curriculum could enable better existential thinking I carried out a year-long curriculum intervention in which I delivered an RE curriculum in which the teaching of learning habits was explicit. I collected and analysed a selection of data from the intervention which included student questionnaires, interviews, student written work and field notes. My findings suggest that the use of learning habits in an RE curriculum did seem to play a role in enabling many of the students to engage more in their own learning in RE and develop their existential thinking. The learning habit of metacognition, in particular, played a role in the development of student self-reflection, and the teaching of empathy created more interest in learning about the views of others and for some, even promoted personal views to change.
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- 2023
7. Trajectories of Psychological Distress of Men Treated at Aboriginal Residential Rehabilitation Services for Alcohol and Drug Misuse
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Chambers, Mark S., Shakeshaft, Anthony, Mills, Llewellyn, Clifford-Motopi, Anton, Conigrave, James, James, Doug, and Tran, Anh Dam
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- 2023
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8. The effect of family-based therapy on child physical abuse and neglect: a narrative systematic review
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Economidis, George, Pilkington, Rhiannon, Lynch, John, Dobbins, Timothy, Shakeshaft, Anthony, Powell, Madeleine, Eades, Anne-Marie, and Falster, Kathleen
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- 2023
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9. Social Capital and the Higher Education Academic Achievement: Using Cross-Classified Multilevel Models to Understanding the Impact of Society on Educational Outcomes
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Oyefuga, Emiola and Shakeshaft, Charol
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This article aims to show the influence of social capital on the academic achievement of American students. Using data from Waves I and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), this study explored how one of the domains of social capital, the family, makes a difference to educational outcomes in higher education. Cross-classified multilevel models were used to analyze the data to understand the effects of family social capital variables and contexts on academic achievement. In addition, the models examined if gender, race, and parental socioeconomic status influenced the relationship. The findings from this study showed that the effects of family social capital differed for different groups of students and was impacted by the context. This study also found that parental income, education, and employment all affected how family social capital influenced academic achievement.
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- 2023
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10. All In? Inequities in Hispanic Access and Enrollment in Advanced Placement
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Palencia, Virginia and Shakeshaft, Charol
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In response to the national problem of overrepresentation of Hispanic students in general education classes, this study addressed Hispanic access and enrollment in Advanced Placement (AP) coursework in Virginia, a growing destination state for many Hispanic families and students. Through a secondary data analysis of the Civil Rights Data Collection (2015-6), this study mapped patterns of disproportionality in AP access and enrollment for Hispanic students who comprise 13% of enrollment in Virginia public high schools. Although greater AP course availability was found in suburban schools, where most Hispanic students are enrolled, there was disproportionality in regard to alternative schools. Further findings document disproportionality in AP enrollment for STEM and non-STEM coursework for Hispanic students. Such findings demonstrate the need for more research and reform in regard to AP access and enrollment for systemically excluded students.
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- 2023
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11. Investigating the neurodevelopmental correlates of early adolescent-onset emotional problems
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Dennison, Charlotte A., Shakeshaft, Amy, Eyre, Olga, Tilling, Kate, Rice, Frances, and Thapar, Anita
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- 2024
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12. Endophenotypes of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
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Shakeshaft, Amy, Pal, Deb Kumar, and Richardson, Mark Philip
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Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME) is a common Idiopathic Generalised Epilepsy (IGE) with an adolescent onset and characteristic myoclonic jerks. The phenotypic spectrum of JME is broad, with some patients also experiencing absence seizures, executive function deficits and poor seizure prognosis. Alongside the hallmark generalised spike-/polyspike-and-wave epileptiform discharges observed on the EEG of patients with JME, previous studies have also shown alterations in the resting- state/interictal EEG of patients with IGE including alpha oscillatory activity and brain network topology, with evidence of these alterations also existing in unaffected relatives. Due to its complex genetic nature, results from previous genetic studies of JME have been inconsistent and therefore somewhat inconclusive. The use of endophenotypes can help to decrease the heterogeneity of complex disorders such as JME to give more statistical power in genetic association studies. In this thesis, I investigate potential neuropsychological, electrophysiological and clinical endophenotypes, or intermediate phenotypes of JME, for use in genetic association studies of the condition. These include impulsivity, as measured by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), resting-state EEG features and in-depth exploration of the JME clinical phenotype, including seizure type and prognostic group stratification. Participants with JME were recruited via the Biology of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (BIOJUME) study, whereby BIS-brief questionnaires, genetic, clinical and EEG data were collected. Strict eligibility criteria and a phenotyping panel confirmed a diagnosis of JME. I used multivariable, stratified analysis to explore clinical phenotypes, such as seizure types and a sensitivity to seizure precipitants, and factors influencing prognosis in 765 individuals with JME. Further, I compared JME BIS-brief scores (n=322) to matched controls and other clinical cohorts from the literature and explored clinical associations of impulsivity in JME. A comparison of resting-state EEG features, such as power spectral density, network topology and a dynamic measure of network ictogenicity (Brain Network Ictogenicity), between JME (n=147) and control EEGs (n=95) was carried out to assess their use as biomarkers and endophenotypes. Finally, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and hypothesis-driven candidate gene study of three endophenotypes (trait impulsivity, measured by the BIS-brief, and two resting- state EEG features) in JME was carried out in collaboration with members of the BIOJUME consortium. Regarding the clinical phenotype of JME, I observed that poor seizure prognosis is associated with experiencing absence seizures in both males and females, while a susceptibility to stress-related precipitants negatively modifies disease course in females only. Alongside the association with poor seizure control, absence seizures are also associated with increased trait impulsivity which is significantly higher in JME than in matched controls, to a level equivalent to cohorts with neurotic- type disorders. GWAS analysis of trait impulsivity in 373 individuals with JME gave 3 significantly associated loci, annotated to SLCO5A1, DUSP10 and PARD3 genes, exemplifying the strength of using endophenotypes to uncover novel genetic associations. In addition, gene-set enrichment analysis indicated an 8.5-fold enrichment of genes involved in the regulation of presynapse assembly/organisation in the GWAS of trait impulsivity. Analysis of resting-state EEG features showed significant differences between JME and control EEGs, particularly features relating to activity in the low-alpha frequency range (6-9Hz) and network ictogenicity, whilst network topology measures showed significant associations with JME clinical characteristics and outcomes. Genetic association analysis of two EEG endophenotypes (Brain Network Ictogenicity (BNI) and low-alpha power spectral density) with associated genes in the impulsivity GWAS (SLCO5A1, DUSP10 and PARD3) and genes involved in the regulation of presynapse assembly/organisation (n=33 genes), showed an association of SNPs at the PTPRD locus (a gene involved in the regulation of presynapse organisation/assembly) with BNI. Overall, this thesis verifies the heterogeneity of clinical, electrophysiological and neuropsychological phenotypes of JME and supports the use of endophenotypes to increase the power to detect novel and significant genetic associations in complex diseases. In addition, results from genetic association analyses suggest further research into presynapse organisation/assembly in the pathophysiology of JME.
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- 2022
13. SLCO5A1 and synaptic assembly genes contribute to impulsivity in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
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Roshandel, Delnaz, Sanders, Eric J., Shakeshaft, Amy, Panjwani, Naim, Lin, Fan, Collingwood, Amber, Hall, Anna, Keenan, Katherine, Deneubourg, Celine, Mirabella, Filippo, Topp, Simon, Zarubova, Jana, Thomas, Rhys H., Talvik, Inga, Syvertsen, Marte, Striano, Pasquale, Smith, Anna B., Selmer, Kaja K., Rubboli, Guido, Orsini, Alessandro, Ng, Ching Ching, Møller, Rikke S., Lim, Kheng Seang, Hamandi, Khalid, Greenberg, David A., Gesche, Joanna, Gardella, Elena, Fong, Choong Yi, Beier, Christoph P., Andrade, Danielle M., Jungbluth, Heinz, Richardson, Mark P., Pastore, Annalisa, Fanto, Manolis, Pal, Deb K., and Strug, Lisa J.
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- 2023
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14. The impact of supported accommodation on health and criminal justice outcomes of people released from prison: a systematic literature review
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Gibbs, Daisy, Stockings, Emily, Larney, Sarah, Bromberg, Daniel J., Shakeshaft, Anthony, and Farnbach, Sara
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- 2023
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15. Sensitivity to millicharged particles in future proton-proton collisions at the LHC
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Ball, A., Brooke, J., Campagnari, C., Carrigan, M., Citron, M., De Roeck, A, Ezzeldine, M., Francis, B., Gastal, M., Ghimire, M., Goldstein, J., Golf, F., Haas, A., Heller, R., Hill, C. S., Lavezzo, L., Loos, R., Lowette, S., Manley, B., Marsh, B., Miller, D. W., Odegard, B., Schmitz, R., Shakeshaft, F. Setti H., Stuart, D., Swiatlowski, M., Yoo, J., and Zaraket, H.
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High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
We report on the expected sensitivity of dedicated scintillator-based detectors at the LHC for elementary particles with charges much smaller than the electron charge. The dataset provided by a prototype scintillator-based detector is used to characterise the performance of the detector and provide an accurate background projection. Detector designs, including a novel slab detector configuration, are considered for the data taking period of the LHC to start in 2022 (Run 3) and for the high luminosity LHC. With the Run 3 dataset, the existence of new particles with masses between 10 MeV and 45 GeV could be excluded at 95% confidence level for charges between 0.003e and 0.3e, depending on their mass. With the high luminosity LHC dataset, the expected limits would reach between 10 MeV and 80 GeV for charges between 0.0018e and 0.3e, depending on their mass
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- 2021
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16. SLCO5A1 and synaptic assembly genes contribute to impulsivity in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
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Delnaz Roshandel, Eric J. Sanders, Amy Shakeshaft, Naim Panjwani, Fan Lin, Amber Collingwood, Anna Hall, Katherine Keenan, Celine Deneubourg, Filippo Mirabella, Simon Topp, Jana Zarubova, Rhys H. Thomas, Inga Talvik, Marte Syvertsen, Pasquale Striano, Anna B. Smith, Kaja K. Selmer, Guido Rubboli, Alessandro Orsini, Ching Ching Ng, Rikke S. Møller, Kheng Seang Lim, Khalid Hamandi, David A. Greenberg, Joanna Gesche, Elena Gardella, Choong Yi Fong, Christoph P. Beier, Danielle M. Andrade, Heinz Jungbluth, Mark P. Richardson, Annalisa Pastore, Manolis Fanto, Deb K. Pal, Lisa J. Strug, and the BIOJUME Consortium
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Medicine ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Abstract Elevated impulsivity is a key component of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). We performed a genome-wide association, colocalization, polygenic risk score, and pathway analysis of impulsivity in JME (n = 381). Results were followed up with functional characterisation using a drosophila model. We identified genome-wide associated SNPs at 8q13.3 (P = 7.5 × 10−9) and 10p11.21 (P = 3.6 × 10−8). The 8q13.3 locus colocalizes with SLCO5A1 expression quantitative trait loci in cerebral cortex (P = 9.5 × 10−3). SLCO5A1 codes for an organic anion transporter and upregulates synapse assembly/organisation genes. Pathway analysis demonstrates 12.7-fold enrichment for presynaptic membrane assembly genes (P = 0.0005) and 14.3-fold enrichment for presynaptic organisation genes (P = 0.0005) including NLGN1 and PTPRD. RNAi knockdown of Oatp30B, the Drosophila polypeptide with the highest homology to SLCO5A1, causes over-reactive startling behaviour (P = 8.7 × 10−3) and increased seizure-like events (P = 6.8 × 10−7). Polygenic risk score for ADHD genetically correlates with impulsivity scores in JME (P = 1.60 × 10−3). SLCO5A1 loss-of-function represents an impulsivity and seizure mechanism. Synaptic assembly genes may inform the aetiology of impulsivity in health and disease.
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- 2023
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17. 'It’s like a safety net for when things go wrong': key stakeholder and program user perspectives on a peer-led safe space program in Sydney, Australia
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Phillip Wadds, Christopher M. Doran, Anthony Shakeshaft, and Dam Anh Tran
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Alcohol ,Illicit drugs ,Alcohol-related harm ,Harm reduction ,Night-time economy ,Entertainment precinct ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Safe Spaces are a harm reduction approach commonly utilised in nightlife and festival settings to address alcohol and other drug-related harms. Despite increasing use, there has been little independent evaluation of safe space programs. This study aimed to explore (1) program user satisfaction with and use of a safe space program implemented in Sydney, Australia (The Take Kare Safe Space (TKSS)), and (2) the strengths and weaknesses of TKSS from the perspective of key stakeholders. Methods Semi-structured, in-depth, interviews lasting between 30 min to 1 h were conducted with 38 key program stakeholders, including staff from police (n = 4), ambulance (n = 4), a local hospital accident and emergency room (n = 4), local council (n = 2), city ‘rangers’ (n = 2), the TKSS program (n = 4), licensed venues and other nightlife service providers (n = 4), and program users (n = 14). Purposive sampling was used to identify key stakeholders to participate in interviews. Results Stakeholders stated that the TKSS program had a number of core benefits, including that it filled a service gap in nightlife settings; improved the efficiency and effectiveness of emergency services and other stakeholders operating in nightlife precincts; provided welfare services through proactive and non-judgmental interventions; and facilitated a means to de-escalate conflict without engaging police. Perceived weaknesses of the program included a lack of public awareness about the program; staff and volunteer levels; and misunderstandings regarding the scope and function of the TKSS program by some stakeholders. Conclusion This study demonstrates the complex relationships that exist around the delivery of harm reduction in nightlife settings. In particular, it highlights the relative lack of servicing of public nightlife settings and the value of safe spaces/peer-to-peer safety ambassador programs in linking up care and filling this service gap. Further, it documents the extended benefit across key stakeholder groups of delivering proactive and non-judgemental harm reduction services and, in doing so, provides critical evidence around their efficacy in reducing AOD-related harms in the night-time economy.
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- 2023
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18. The impact of supported accommodation on health and criminal justice outcomes of people released from prison: a systematic literature review
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Daisy Gibbs, Emily Stockings, Sarah Larney, Daniel J. Bromberg, Anthony Shakeshaft, and Sara Farnbach
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Supported accommodation ,Post-release accommodation ,Prison ,Systematic review ,Recidivism ,Community integration ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Supported accommodation intends to address challenges arising following release from prison; however, impact of services, and of specific service components, is unclear. We describe key characteristics of supported accommodation, including program components and outcomes/impact; and distil best-evidence components. Methods We conducted a systematic review, searching relevant databases in November 2022. Data were synthesised via effect direction plots according to the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis guidelines. We assessed study quality using the McGill Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, and certainty in evidence using the GRADE framework. Results Twenty-eight studies were included; predominantly cross-sectional. Program components which address life skills, vocational training, AOD use, and mental health appear to positively impact criminal justice outcomes. Criminal justice outcomes were the most commonly reported, and while we identified a reduction in parole revocations and reincarceration, outcomes were otherwise mixed. Variable design, often lacking rigour, and inconsistent outcome reporting limited assessment of these outcomes, and subsequently certainty in findings was low. Conclusion Post-release supported accommodation may reduce parole revocations and reincarceration. Despite limitations in the literature, the findings presented herein represent current best evidence. Future studies should clearly define program components and measure their impact; use analyses which reflect the high risk of adverse outcomes, such as time-to-event analyses; and consider outcomes which reflect the range of challenges faced by people leaving prison. Registration: PROSPERO registration CRD42020189821.
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- 2023
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19. Evaluating the impact of training on therapeutic radiographer awareness of the signs and symptoms of neutropenic sepsis in patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy
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Shakeshaft, H. and Bridge, P.
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- 2024
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20. Session II: Health and communities
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Shakeshaft, Bernie
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- 2023
21. Opportunities for intervention for alcohol and other drug use problems for men before prison: A qualitative study
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Doyle, Michael F, Guthrie, Jill, Butler, Tony, Shakeshaft, Anthony, Conigrave, Katherine, and Williams, Megan
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- 2023
22. A Case of Cushing’s Syndrome from Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Small Bowel and Its Mesentery
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Kirsten Rose Carlaw, Ahmer Hameed, and Anthony Shakeshaft
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ectopic ACTH ,neuroendocrine tumour ,NET ,mesenteric NET ,small bowel NET ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)-producing neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are rarely found in the small bowel, and primary mesenteric NETs have only been reported in a few cases globally. We report the case of a 68-year-old female with ectopic Cushing’s syndrome due to excessive ACTH secretion from small bowel primary lesions and mesenteric metastasis. Initially, only the mesenteric mass was detected on imaging and endoscopy/colonoscopy, and it was only with surgical exploration that the small bowel lesions were found. This highlights the importance of high clinical suspicion and robust investigation when locating NETs. Surgical resection of the affected small bowel and mesentery was the definitive treatment for this patient. Initial hydrocortisone replacement therapy was needed, and subsequent biochemical tests and clinical reviews demonstrated no recurrence.
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- 2023
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23. Search for millicharged particles in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV
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Ball, A., Beauregard, G., Brooke, J., Campagnari, C., Carrigan, M., Citron, M., De La Haye, J., De Roeck, A., Elskens, Y., Franco, R. Escobar, Ezeldine, M., Francis, B., Gastal, M., Ghimire, M., Goldstein, J., Golf, F., Guiang, J., Haas, A., Heller, R., Hill, C. S., Lavezzo, L., Loos, R., Lowette, S., Magill, G., Manley, B., Marsh, B., Miller, D. W., Odegard, B., Saab, F. R., Sahili, J., Schmitz, R., Setti, F., Shakeshaft, H., Stuart, D., Swiatlowski, M., Yoo, J., Zaraket, H., and Zheng, H.
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High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
We report on a search for elementary particles with charges much smaller than the electron charge using a data sample of proton-proton collisions provided by the CERN Large Hadron Collider in 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 37.5 fb$^{-1}$ at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. A prototype scintillator-based detector is deployed to conduct the first search at a hadron collider sensitive to particles with charges ${\leq}0.1e$. The existence of new particles with masses between 20 and 4700 MeV is excluded at 95% confidence level for charges between $0.006e$ and $0.3e$, depending on their mass. New sensitivity is achieved for masses larger than $700$ MeV.
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- 2020
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24. Enablers and barriers to the implementation of Multisystemic Therapy for Child Abuse and Neglect (MST-CAN) into the routine delivery of child protection services in New South Wales, Australia
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Economidis, George, Farnbach, Sara, Eades, Anne-Marie, Falster, Kathleen, and Shakeshaft, Anthony
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- 2023
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25. Neuropsychiatric manifestations and sleep disturbances with dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy versus standard of care in children and adolescents: a secondary analysis of the ODYSSEY trial
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Mehar (nee Abdulla), Amina Farhana, Abraham, Pattamukkil, Abrams, Elaine, Acero, Judith, Agaba, Gerald Muzorah, Ahimbisibwe, Grace, Ainebyoona, Barbara, Akobye, Winnie, Akhalwaya, Yasmeen, Akoojee, Nazim, Ali, Shabinah S., Amuge, Pauline, Andrea, Catherine, Muñoz Fernandez, Maria Angeles, Ankunda, Rogers, Rutebarika, Diana Antonia, Anugulruengkitt, Suvaporn, Apollo, Tsitsi, Archary, Moherndran, Arendze, Ronelle, Ategeka, Juliet, Atim, Eunice, Atwine, Lorna, Babiker, Abdel, Babirye, Sarah, Babu, Enock, Bagirigomwa, Edward, Baita, Angella, Balamusani, David, Baliram, Patsy, Baliruno, David, Ball, Colin, Balwa, Henry, Bamford, Alasdair, Bandi, Srini, Barker, Dominique, Barlow-Mosha, Linda, Bbuye, Dickson, Begum, Shazia, Behuhuma, Osee, Bernays, Sarah, Besigye, Rogers, Bester, Maria, Bhiri, Joyline, Bilardi, Davide, Bird, Kristien, Bollen, Pauline, Borg, Chiara, Borges Da Silva, Anne-Marie, Brown, Jackie, Bruno, Elena, Bunupuradah, Torsak, Burger, David, Buthelezi, Nomzamo, Bwakura-Dangarembizi, Mutsa, Byaruhanga, Africanus, Calvert, Joanna, Casey, Petronelle, Cassim, Haseena, Cebekhulu, Sphiwee, Chailert, Sanuphong, Chalermpantmetagul, Suwalai, Chamjamrat, Wanna, Chan, Man, Chandiwana, Precious, Chankun, Thannapat, Chanthaburanun, Sararut, Chanto, Nuttawut, Chidziva, Ennie, Chikowore, Minenhle, Chimanzi, Joy, Chinwong, Dujrudee, Chitongo, Stuart, Chitsamatanga, Moses, Choga, Joshua, Chutima, Duangrat, Clayden, Polly, Coelho, Alexandra, Colbers, Angela, Compagnucci, Alexandra, Constança Mendes, Ana, Conway, Magda, Cotton, Mark F, Crawley, Jane, Cressey, Tim R, Crisp, Jacky, Matos, Ana Cristina, Dadan, Sumaya, Daglish, Jacqui, Danaviah, Siva, Daniel, Tseleng, De Rossi, Anita, Denjanta, Sukanda, Dobbels, Els, Dowie, Maria, Dube, Prosper, Dube, Benedictor, Dudakia, Nimisha, Elwana, Alice, Epalza, Cristina, Eram, David, Erasmus, Juan, Erim, Peter, Escosa Garcia, Luis, Essack, Zaakirah, Estepa, Carolina, Etima, Monica, Fernandes, Alexandre, Fernandez, Maite, Fitzgerald, Felicity, Flynn, Jacquie, Ford, Deborah, Fortuny Guasch, Claudia, Foster, Caroline, Fourie, George, Fourie, Yolandie, Foxall, Sophie, Frank, Derusha, Gandhi, Kate, Garcia, India, Gartner, Kathleen, Gasa, Joshua, Gasa, Gugu, Giaquinto, Carlo, Gibb, Diana M, Gomez Rico, Coral, Gomez-Pena, Daniel, Gondo, Secrecy, Goodman, Anna, Gorreti Nakalema, Maria, Gozhora, Winnie, Greetanukroh, Pisut, Gregorio Maranon, Biobanco, Grossele, Tiziana, Gwande, Shamiso, Gwaze, Tapiwa, Gwenzi, Tsitsi, Hakim, James, Hakiza, Emmanuel, Kaka, Abdul Hamid, Harley, Ashley, Isaacs, Mornay, Isabirye, Richard, Ishemunyoro, Wilber, Jacobs, Tom, Jafta, Lungile, Jamil, Nasir, Janse van Rensburg, Anita Janse, Jeaven, Vinesh, Mellado Peña, Maria José, Jourdain, Gonzague, Juliet, Katabalwa, Jumpimai, Thidarat, Junkaew, Raungwit, Jupimai, Thidarat, Kaahwa, Winfred, Kabasonga, Mildred, Kaboggoza, Olivia, Kadhuba, Rose Jacqueline, Kaewbundit, Ampika, Kaewmamueng, Kanyanee, Kafufu, Bosco, Kakayi, Brenda, Kamboua, Phakamas, Kanjanavanit, Suparat, Kasangaki, Gladys, Kasipong, Naruporn, Kasozi, Miriam, Kataike, Hajira, Katemba, Chrispus, Kaudha, Elizabeth, Kekane, Nkata, Kekitiinwa, Adeodata R, Keminyeto, Edridah, Khamduang, Woottichai, Khamjakkaew, Warunee, Khamkon, Jiraporn, Khannak, Sasipass, Khatngam, Orapin, Khayanchoomnoom, Tassawan, Khumalo, Busi, Khunene, Mirriam, Khusuwan, Suwimon, Kibalama, Phionah, Kibenge, Robinah, Kirabira, Anthony, Kityo, Cissy M, Kiyimba, Lameck, Klein, Nigel, Klinprung, Soraya, Kobbe, Robin, Kobusingye, Olivia, Kobusungye, Josephine, Kongponoi, Areerat, Königs, Christoph, Koole, Olivier, Kouakam, Christelle, Krueduangkam, Nitinart, Kruenual, Namthip, Kunjaroenrut, Nuananong, Kyambadde, Raymonds, Kyobutungi, Priscilla, Kyomuhendo, Flavia, Kyomukama, Erinah, Lakha, Reshma, Langa, Cleopatra, Laomanit, Laddawan, Lebotsa, Emily, Leenasirimakul, Prattana, Lekku, Lawrence, Lensen, Sarah, Leroy, Valériane, Li, Jin, Liberty, Afaaf, Limplertjareanwanich, Juthamas, Little, Emma, Lugemwa, Abbas, Lutalo, Ezra, Jimenez, Jose Luis, Lyall, Hermione, MacDonald, Candice, Machache, Gladness, Madlala, Penelope, Madonsela, Tryphina, Maduna, Nomfundo, Maena, Joel, Mahanontharit, Apicha, Makanga, Collin, Makola, Candice, Makumbi, Shafic, Malgraaf, Lucille, Mamiane, Angelous, Mantkowski, Felicia, Mapfumo, Wendy, Marques, Laura, Mugagga, Agnes Mary, Maseko, Lindiwe, Masienyane, Tshepiso, Mathiba, Ruth, Matimba, Farai, Mawlana, Sajeeda, Mayanja, Emmanuel, Mayat, Fatima, Mbabazi, Ritah, Mbadaliga, Nokuthula, Mbasani, Faith, McClaughlin, Kathleen, McIlleron, Helen, Meethaisong, Watchara, Mendez Garcia, Patricia, Miwanda, Annet, Miranda, Carlota, Mkhize, Siphiwe, Mmolawa, Kgosimang, Mngqibisa, Rosie, Mohamed, Fatima, Moloantoa, Tumelo, Monametsi, Maletsatsi, Montero, Samuel, Moore, Cecilia L, Mosia, Rejoice, Moyo, Columbus, Mthethwa, Mumsy, Mudzingwa, Shepherd, Mudzviti, Tawona, Mujuru, Hilda, Mujyambere, Emmanuel, Mukanganiki, Trust, Mukisa Williams, Cynthia, Mulder, Mark, Mulima, Disan, Mulindwa, Alice, Mumbiro, Vivian, Mupambireyi, Zivai, Murciano Cabeza, Alba, Murungi, Herbert, Murungu, Dorothy, Musarurwa, Sandra, Musiime, Victor, Musiime, Alex V, Musisi, Maria, Musoke, Philippa, Musoke Nakirya, Barbara, Musoro, Godfrey, Musumba, Sharif, Mustafa, Sobia, Mutsai, Shirley, Mwesigwa Rubondo, Phyllis, Naabalamba, Mariam, Nagawa, Immaculate, Naidoo, Allemah, Nakabuye, Shamim, Nakabuye, Sarah, Nakalanzi, Sarah, Nalubwama, Justine, Nalugo, Annet, Nalusiba, Stella, Namajja, Clementine, Namanda, Sylvia, Namayanja, Paula, Nambi, Esther, Namuddu, Rachael Kikabi, Namukwaya, Stella, Namuli, Florence, Namusanje, Josephine, Namwanje, Rosemary, Nanan-kanjee, Anusha, Nanduudu, Annet, Nankunda, Charity, Baddokwaya, Joanita Nankya, Nannungi, Maria, Nansamba, Winnie, Nanthapisal, Kesdao, Nanyonjo, Juliet, Na-Rajsima, Sathaporn, Nasaazi, Claire, Nascimento, Helena, Nastouli, Eleni, Songtaweesin, Wipaporn Natalie, Nathoo, Kusum, Natuhurira, Ian, Nazzinda, Rashidah, Ncgaba, Thabisa, Ndigendawani, Milly, Ndlovu, Makhosonke, Nentsa, Georgina, Ngampiyaskul, Chaiwat, Ngcobo, Ntombenhle, Ngo Giang Huong, Nicole, Ngwaru, Pia, Nhema, Ruth, Ninsiima, Emily, Ninsiima, Gloria, Nkalo Phiri, Misheck, Noguera Julian, Antoni, Nolan, Monica, Noppakaorattanamanee, Thornthun, Nsibuka Kisekka, Muzamil, Nsirim, Eniola, Nundlal, Rashina, Nunes, Rosita, Nyantsa, Lungile, Nyati, Mandisa, O'Riordan, Sean, Ocitti Labeja, Paul, Odoch, Denis, Oguntimehin, Rachel, Ojok, Martin, Onen, Geoffrey, Orange, Wilma, Ounchanum, Pradthana, Ouma, Benson, Padrao, Andreia, Pako, Deborah, Parker, Anna, Pasko-Szcech, Malgorzata, Patel, Reena, Peongjakta, Rukchanok, Petpranee, Turian, Phillips, Tasmin, Philps, Jackie, Picault, Laura, Pieterse, Sonja, Pinheiro, Helena, Pongprapass, Supawadee, Pozniak, Anton, Prendergast, Andrew, Prieto Tato, Luis, Puangmalai, Patcharee, Puthanakit, Thanyawee, Rakgokong, Modiehi, Ramos, Helena, Ramsagar, Nastassja, Rau, Cornelius, Riault, Yoann, Rojo Conejo, Pablo, Clark, Basiimwa Roy, Rubanga, Eddie, Rubinga, Baker, Ruklao, Chutima, Runarassamee, Pattira, Saenjum, Chalermpong, Saewtrakool, Chayakorn, Saidi, Yacine, Sainz Costa, Talia, Saisaengjan, Chutima, Sakwa, Rebecca, Sarfati, Tatiana, Sbisi, Noshalaza, Scheppers, Dihedile, Schultze-Strasser, Stephan, Schulze-Sturm, Ulf, Scott, Karen, Seeley, Janet, Serunjogi, Robert, Sewnarain, Leora, Shakeshaft, Clare, Sidhoo, Subashinie, Shibemba, Mercy, Shingadia, Delane, Singh, Sheleika, Sirirungsi, Wasna, Sithebe, Sibongile, Smit, Theresa, Smith, Kurt, Smuts, Marlize, Spyer, Moira, Sripaoraya, Worathip, Srirompotong, Ussanee, Srisuk, Warunee, Ssenyonga, Mark, Sudsaard, Patamawadee, Sukrakanchana, Praornsuda, Tearsansern, Pathanee, Teixeira, Carla, Than-in-at, Kanchana, Thapwai, Thitiwat, Thaweesombat, Yupawan, Thewsoongnoen, Jutarat, Thiébaut, Rodolphe, Thomason, Margaret, Thrasyvoulou, Laura, Thungkham, Khanungnit, Tikabibamu, Judith, Tinago, Gloria, Trairat, Ketmookda, Tudor-Williams, Gareth, Tukamushaba, Mercy, Tukwasibwe, Deogratiuos, Tumusiime, Julius, Tuna, Joana, Turkova, Anna, Turner, Rebecca, Udomvised, Arttasid, Vadee, Aasia, Van Huyssteen, Hesti, Van Looy, Nadine, Variava, Ebrahim, Vaughan-Gordon, Yvonne, Vecchia, Giulio, Violari, Avy, Vowden, Richard, Waalewijn, Hylke, Wampamba, Rebecca, Welch, Steve, Weller, Ian, Weza, Sibusisiwe, White, Ellen, White, Ian, Widuch, Kaja, Wilkes, Helen, Wimonklang, Sookpanee, Wynne, Ben, Yingyong, Pacharaporn, Nakawungu, Zaam Zinda, Zuidewind, Peter, Ahimbisibwe, Grace Miriam, Mosia, Nozibusiso Rejoice, Fortuny, Clàudia, Bwakura-Dangarembizi, Mutsa F, Mujuru, Hilda A, Kityo, Cissy, Ferrand, Rashida A, and Rojo, Pablo
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- 2023
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26. Applying what works: a systematic search of the transfer and implementation of promising Indigenous Australian health services and programs
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McCalman Janya, Tsey Komla, Clifford Anton, Earles Wendy, Shakeshaft Anthony, and Bainbridge Roxanne
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Indigenous ,Transfer ,Spread ,Dissemination ,Implementation ,Adoption ,Uptake. ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background The transfer and implementation of acceptable and effective health services, programs and innovations across settings provides an important and potentially cost-effective strategy for reducing Indigenous Australians' high burden of disease. This study reports a systematic review of Indigenous health services, programs and innovations to examine the extent to which studies considered processes of transfer and implementation within and across Indigenous communities and healthcare settings. Methods Medline, Informit, Infotrac, Blackwells Publishing, Proquest, Taylor and Francis, JStor, and the Indigenous HealthInfoNet were searched using terms: Aborigin* OR Indigen* OR Torres AND health AND service OR program* OR intervention AND Australia to locate publications from 1992–2011. The reference lists of 19 reviews were also checked. Data from peer reviewed journals, reports, and websites were included. The 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for proportions that referred to and focussed on transfer were calculated as exact binomial confidence intervals. Test comparisons between proportions were calculated using Fisher's exact test with an alpha level of 5%. Results Of 1311 publications identified, 119 (9.1%; 95% CI: 7.6% - 10.8%) referred to the transfer and implementation of Indigenous Australian health services or programs, but only 21 studies (1.6%; 95% CI: 1.0% - 2.4%) actually focused on transfer and implementation. Of the 119 transfer studies, 37 (31.1%; 95% CI: 22.9 - 40.2%) evaluated the impact of a service or program, 28 (23.5%; 95% CI: 16.2% - 32.2%) reported only process measures and 54 were descriptive. Of the 37 impact evaluation studies, 28 (75.7%; 95% CI: 58.8% - 88.2%) appeared in peer reviewed journals but none included experimental designs. Conclusion While services and programs are being transferred and implemented, few studies focus on the process by which this occurred or the effectiveness of the service or program in the new setting. Findings highlight a need for partnerships between researchers and health services to evaluate the transfer and implementation of Indigenous health services and programs using rigorous designs, and publish such efforts in peer-reviewed journals as a quality assurance mechanism.
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- 2012
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27. An empirical approach to selecting community-based alcohol interventions: combining research evidence, rural community views and professional opinion
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Shakeshaft Anthony, Petrie Dennis, Doran Christopher, Breen Courtney, and Sanson-Fisher Robert
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Given limited research evidence for community-based alcohol interventions, this study examines the intervention preferences of rural communities and alcohol professionals, and factors that influence their choices. Method Community preferences were identified by a survey of randomly selected individuals across 20 regional Australian communities. The preferences of alcohol professionals were identified by a survey of randomly selected members of the Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and Other Drugs. To identify preferred interventions and the extent of support for them, a budget allocation exercise was embedded in both surveys, asking respondents to allocate a given budget to different interventions. Tobit regression models were estimated to identify the characteristics that explain differences in intervention preferences. Results Community respondents selected school programs most often (88.0%) and allocated it the largest proportion of funds, followed by promotion of safer drinking (71.3%), community programs (61.4%) and police enforcement of alcohol laws (60.4%). Professionals selected GP training most often (61.0%) and allocated it the largest proportion of funds, followed by school programs (36.6%), community programs (33.8%) and promotion of safer drinking (31.7%). Community views were susceptible to response bias. There were no significant predictors of professionals' preferences. Conclusions In the absence of sufficient research evidence for effective community-based alcohol interventions, rural communities and professionals both strongly support school programs, promotion of safer drinking and community programs. Rural communities also supported police enforcement of alcohol laws and professionals supported GP training. The impact of a combination of these strategies needs to be rigorously evaluated.
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- 2012
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28. Preliminary development and psychometric evaluation of an unmet needs measure for adolescents and young adults with cancer: the Cancer Needs Questionnaire - Young People (CNQ-YP)
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Clinton-McHarg Tara, Carey Mariko, Sanson-Fisher Rob, D'Este Catherine, and Shakeshaft Anthony
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Adolescents and young adults ,cancer ,unmet needs ,measure development ,psychometric evaluation ,reliability ,validity ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 - Abstract
Abstract Background Adolescents and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors may have unique physical, psychological and social needs due to their cancer occurring at a critical phase of development. The aim of this study was to develop a psychometrically rigorous measure of unmet need to capture the specific needs of this group. Methods Items were developed following a comprehensive literature review, focus groups with AYAs, and feedback from health care providers, researchers and other professionals. The measure was pilot tested with 32 AYA cancer survivors recruited through a state-based cancer registry to establish face and content validity. A main sample of 139 AYA cancer patients and survivors were recruited through seven treatment centres and invited to complete the questionnaire. To establish test-retest reliability, a sub-sample of 34 participants completed the measure a second time. Exploratory factor analysis was performed and the measure was assessed for internal consistency, discriminative validity, potential responsiveness and acceptability. Results The Cancer Needs Questionnaire - Young People (CNQ-YP) has established face and content validity, and acceptability. The final measure has 70 items and six factors: Treatment Environment and Care (33 items); Feelings and Relationships (14 items); Daily Life (12 items); Information and Activities (5 items); Education (3 items); and Work (3 items). All domains achieved Cronbach's alpha values greater than 0.80. Item-to-item test-retest reliability was also high, with all but four items reaching weighted kappa values above 0.60. Conclusions The CNQ-YP is the first multi-dimensional measure of unmet need which has been developed specifically for AYA cancer patients and survivors. The measure displays a strong factor structure, and excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability. However, the small sample size has implications for the reliability of the statistical analyses undertaken, particularly the exploratory factor analysis. Future studies with a larger sample are recommended to confirm the factor structure of the measure. Longitudinal studies to establish responsiveness and predictive validity should also be undertaken.
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- 2012
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29. Measuring the psychosocial health of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors: a critical review
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Shakeshaft Anthony, Sanson-Fisher Rob, Carey Mariko, Clinton-McHarg Tara, and Rainbird Kathy
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Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 - Abstract
Abstract Background Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors require psychometrically rigorous measures to assess their psychosocial well-being. Without methodologically adequate scales the accuracy of information obtained on the prevalence of needs, predictors of risk, and the potential success of any interventions, can be questioned. This review assessed the psychometric properties of measures designed specifically to identify the psychosocial health of this unique population. Methods Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL and EMBASE databases were searched to identify measures developed to assess the psychosocial health of AYA cancer survivors. Searches were limited to the years 1998-2008. A search of Medline revealed that the number of publications related to the assessment of psychosocial well-being in AYA cancer survivors prior to this period were minimal. The psychometric properties of identified measures were evaluated against pre-determined and generally accepted psychometric criteria including: reliability (internal consistency and test-retest); validity (face, content, construct, and criterion); responsiveness; acceptability; and feasibility. Results Seven quality of life measures met the inclusion criteria. No measures of unmet need were identified. All seven measures reported adequate internal consistency, face, content, and construct validity. Test-retest reliability, criterion (predictive) validity, responsiveness, acceptability, and feasibility were rarely examined. Conclusions There is a need to further evaluate the psychometric properties of existing quality of life measures for AYA cancer survivors. Valid, reliable, and acceptable measures which can assess the psychosocial needs of this population should also be developed.
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- 2010
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30. Most common principal diagnoses assigned to Australian emergency department presentations involving alcohol use: a multi‐centre study
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Miller, Peter, Vakidis, Thea, Taylor, Nicholas, Baker, Tim, Stella, Julian, Egerton?Warburton, Diana, Hyder, Shannon, Staiger, Petra, Bowe, Steven J., Shepherd, Jonathan, Zordan, Rachel, Walby, Andrew, Jones, Martyn Lloyd, Caldicott, David, Barker, Daniel, Hall, Michael, Doran, Christopher M., Ezard, Nadine, Preisz, Paul, Havard, Alys, Shakeshaft, Anthony, Akhlaghi, Hamed, Kloot, Kate, Lowry, Nicole, and Bumpstead, Suzanne
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Drinking of alcoholic beverages -- Health aspects ,Emergency medical services -- Statistics ,Health - Abstract
: Objectives: Alcohol is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance in Australia and the consequences of alcohol consumption have enormous personal and social impacts. This study aimed to describe the principal diagnoses of emergency department (ED) presentations involving alcohol use in the previous 12 hours at eight hospitals in Victoria and the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Methods: Twelve months’ data (1 July 2018 – 30 June 2019) were collected from eight EDs, including demographics, ICD‐10 codes, hospital location and self‐reported drinking in the preceding 12 hours. The ten most common ICD‐10 discharge codes were analysed based on age, sex and hospital geographic area. Results: ICD codes pertaining to mental and behavioural disorders due to alcohol use accounted for the highest proportion in most EDs. Suicide ideation/attempt was in the five highest ICD codes for all but one hospital. It was the second most common alcohol‐related presentation for both males and females. Conclusions: Alcohol plays a major role in a range of presentations, especially in relation to mental health and suicide. Implications for public health: The collection of alcohol involvement in ED presentations represents a major step forward in informing the community about the burden of alcohol on their health resources., Alcohol is the most commonly used psychoactive substance consumed in Australia and almost 80% of people aged 14 years and over have reported alcohol consumption in the past 12 months.[sup.1] [...]
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- 2022
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31. The impact of Indigenous‐led programs on alcohol‐related criminal incidents: a multiple baseline design evaluation
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Munro, Alice, Shakeshaft, Anthony, Breen, Courtney, Jones, Mark, Oldmeadow, Christopher, Allan, Julaine, and Snijder, Mieke
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Australian aborigines -- Social aspects ,Drinking of alcoholic beverages -- Social aspects -- Demographic aspects ,Crime -- Social aspects -- Demographic aspects -- Australia ,Health - Abstract
: Objectives: To evaluate the impact of a multi‐component, Aboriginal‐led strategy to reduce alcohol‐related criminal incidents for Aboriginal people in four rural/remote communities in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Methods: A retrospective multiple baseline design (MBD), using interrupted time series analysis of routinely collected crime data. Results: A statistically significant reduction in alcohol‐related criminal incidents was observed in one community for both victims of crime (parameter estimate −0.195; p≤0.01) and persons of interest (parameter estimate −0.282; p≤0.001). None of the analyses show level shifts, meaning there were no measurable changes immediately post the introduction of the Breaking the Cycle (BTC) programs. Conclusions: It is not possible to conclude that the program was effective independently of any other community factors, because the statistically significant result was not observed across multiple communities. The statistically significant result in one community has clear practical benefits in that community: a sustained impact over two years would reduce Aboriginal victims of alcohol‐related crime from an estimated 56 incidents per annum to 36, and reduce Aboriginal persons of interest in alcohol‐related crime from an estimated 68 alcohol‐related person of interest (POI) per annum to 40. Implications for public health: The statistically and practically meaningful result in Community 1 highlights the potential of multi‐component, Aboriginal‐led strategies to reduce alcohol‐related criminal incidents. Earlier engagement with researchers, to identify best‐evidence strategies to reduce alcohol harms and to facilitate the use of prospective evaluation designs, would help translate the positive outcome in one community across multiple communities., A strong, positive relationship has been established between alcohol misuse and a range of health and social harms including alcohol‐related criminal incidents (ARCIs).[sup.1,2] In Australia, for example, the cost of [...]
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- 2022
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32. Universal evaluation of MLC models in treatment planning systems based on a common set of dynamic tests
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Saez, Jordi, Bar-Deroma, Raquel, Bogaert, Evelien, Cayez, Romain, Chow, Tom, Clark, Catharine H., Esposito, Marco, Feygelman, Vladimir, Monti, Angelo F., Garcia-Miguel, Julia, Gershkevitsh, Eduard, Goossens, Jo, Herrero, Carmen, Hussein, Mohammad, Khamphan, Catherine, Kierkels, Roel G.J., Lechner, Wolfgang, Lemire, Matthieu, Nevelsky, Alexander, Nguyen, Daniel, Paganini, Lucia, Pasler, Marlies, Fernando Pérez Azorín, José, Ramos Garcia, Luis Isaac, Russo, Serenella, Shakeshaft, John, Vieillevigne, Laure, and Hernandez, Victor
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- 2023
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33. Patterns of drug use among a sample of drug users and injecting drug users attending a General Practice in Iran
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Shakeshaft Anthony, Nassirimanesh Bijan, Day Carolyn, and Dolan Kate
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Aim This study aimed to examine drug use, drug treatment history and risk behaviour among a sample of Iranian drug users seeking treatment through a general practice clinic in Iran. Methods Review of medical records and an intake questionnaire at a large general practice in Marvdasht, Iran, with a special interest in drug dependence treatment. Records from a random sample of injecting drug users (IDU), non-injecting drug users (DU) and non-drug using patients were examined. Results 292 records were reviewed (34% IDU, 31% DU and 35% non-drug users). Eighty-three percent were males; all females were non-drug users. The mean age of the sample was 30 years. Of the IDU sample, 67% reported sharing a needle or syringe, 19% of these had done so in prison. Of those who had ever used drugs, being 'tired' of drug use was the most common reason for seeking help (34%). Mean age of first drug use was 20 years. The first drugs most commonly used were opium (72%), heroin (13%) and hashish/ other cannabinoids (13%). Three quarters reported having previously attempted to cease their drug use. IDU were more likely than DU to report having ever been imprisoned (41% vs 7%) and 41% to have used drugs in prison. Conclusion This study has shown that there is a need for general practice clinics in Iran to treat drug users including those who inject and that a substantial proportion of those who inject have shared needles and syringes, placing them at risk of BBVI such as HIV and hepatitis C. The expansion of services for drug users in Iran such as needle and syringe programs and pharmacotherapies are likely to be effective in reducing the harms associated with opium use and heroin injection.
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- 2006
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34. Perceptions of substance use, treatment options and training needs among Iranian primary care physicians
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Dolan Kate A, Day Carolyn, Nassirimanesh Bijan, and Shakeshaft Anthony
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract In order to be optimally effective, continuing training programmes for health-care professionals need to be tailored so that they target specific knowledge deficits, both in terms of topic content and appropriate intervention strategies. A first step in designing tailored treatment programmes is to identify the characteristics of the relevant health-care professional group, their current levels of content and treatment knowledge, the estimated prevalence of drug and alcohol problems among their patients and their preferred options for receiving continuing education and training. This study reports the results of a survey of 53 primary care physicians working in Iran. The majority were male, had a mean age of 44 years and saw approximately 94 patients per week. In terms of their patients' drug use, primary care physicians thought most patients with a substance use problem were male, women were most likely to use tobacco (52%), opium (32%) and marijuana/hashish and young people were most likely to use tobacco, alcohol, marijuana and heroin. Counselling and nicotine patches were the treatments most commonly provided. Although the majority (55%) reported referring patients to other services, more than a third did not. Most primary care physicians reported being interested in attending further training on substance abuse issues. The implications of these data for ongoing education and training of primary care physicians in Iran are discussed.
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- 2005
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35. Identifying enablers and barriers to the implementation of Functional family Therapy – Child Welfare (FFT-CW®) into the routine delivery of child protection services in New South Wales, Australia
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Economidis, George, Farnbach, Sara, Falster, Kathleen, Eades, Anne-Marie, and Shakeshaft, Anthony
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- 2023
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36. Co-creation of new knowledge: Good fortune or good management?
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Tania Pearce, Myfanwy Maple, Kathy McKay, Anthony Shakeshaft, and Sarah Wayland
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Co-ideation ,Co-design ,Co-implementation ,Co-evaluation ,Multisectoral ,Collaboration ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Plain english summary Organisations and researchers need to collaborate to produce new knowledge of health interventions. The literature identifies that there is a substantial evidence gap between producing knowledge and improving health outcomes. Here we reflect, via a case study methodology, on ways to co-create new knowledge by following a four-step collaborative process. The case study reviews the evaluation of an Australian-based psychoeducational program for people who attempt suicide by analysing multiple qualitative data sources to explore the perspectives of researchers and stakeholders. We discovered the need for a shared language of co-creation that focuses on experiences of collaboration while seeking out new value-creation opportunities and dismantling barriers. We learnt that implementing co-creation requires trust and good fortune within collaborative relationships alongside good management. Using the alternative collaboration framework of best practice for public health interventions in third sector organisations may eliminate gaps between research evidence and translation into practice, assisting health providers, clients, policymakers, universities, and funders.
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- 2022
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37. Evidence of co-creation practices in suicide prevention in government policy: a directed and summative content analysis
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Tania Pearce, Myfanwy Maple, Sarah Wayland, Kathy McKay, Anthony Shakeshaft, and Alan Woodward
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Co-creation ,Government policy ,Mental health ,Suicide prevention ,Co-design ,Qualitative content analysis ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background In Australia, the collaborative involvement of stakeholders, especially those with lived experience in mental health and suicide prevention, has become important to government policy and practice at Federal and State levels. However, little is known about how governments translate this intention into frameworks of co-creation for policy, funding programs, service improvement, and research and evaluation. We investigated the extent to which publicly available government policies refer to collaborative practice using an established translation model. Methods An exploratory directed and summative content analysis approach was used to analyse the contents of Federal (also known as Commonwealth), State and Territories policy documents on mental health and suicide prevention published in Australia between 2010 and 2021. The data was extracted, compared to an existing translation model, and summated to demonstrate the evidence of co-creation-related concepts between government and stakeholders. Results 40 policy documents (nine at the Federal and 31 at the State and Territory level) were identified and included in the analysis. Only 63% of policy documents contained references to the concept of co-design. Six of the State policies contained references to the concept of co-production. Across all policy documents, there were no references to other concepts in the model adopted for this study, such as co-creation, co-ideation, co-implementation, and co-evaluation. Conclusion Although the government at Federal, State and Territory levels appear to support collaborative practice through partnership and co-design, this study suggests a narrow approach to the theoretical model for co-creation at a policy level. Implications for both research and practice are discussed.
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- 2022
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38. The impact of Indigenous‐led programs on alcohol‐related criminal incidents: a multiple baseline design evaluation
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Alice Munro, Anthony Shakeshaft, Courtney Breen, Mark Jones, Christopher Oldmeadow, Julaine Allan, and Mieke Snijder
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alcohol ,harm ,community‐led programs ,crime ,Aboriginal‐led strategies ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the impact of a multi‐component, Aboriginal‐led strategy to reduce alcohol‐related criminal incidents for Aboriginal people in four rural/remote communities in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Methods: A retrospective multiple baseline design (MBD), using interrupted time series analysis of routinely collected crime data. Results: A statistically significant reduction in alcohol‐related criminal incidents was observed in one community for both victims of crime (parameter estimate −0.195; p≤0.01) and persons of interest (parameter estimate −0.282; p≤0.001). None of the analyses show level shifts, meaning there were no measurable changes immediately post the introduction of the Breaking the Cycle (BTC) programs. Conclusions: It is not possible to conclude that the program was effective independently of any other community factors, because the statistically significant result was not observed across multiple communities. The statistically significant result in one community has clear practical benefits in that community: a sustained impact over two years would reduce Aboriginal victims of alcohol‐related crime from an estimated 56 incidents per annum to 36, and reduce Aboriginal persons of interest in alcohol‐related crime from an estimated 68 alcohol‐related person of interest (POI) per annum to 40. Implications for public health: The statistically and practically meaningful result in Community 1 highlights the potential of multi‐component, Aboriginal‐led strategies to reduce alcohol‐related criminal incidents. Earlier engagement with researchers, to identify best‐evidence strategies to reduce alcohol harms and to facilitate the use of prospective evaluation designs, would help translate the positive outcome in one community across multiple communities.
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- 2022
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39. “I didn't even know headspace had the drug thing until today”: A socio-ecological analysis of access to drug and alcohol interventions in integrated youth health care services
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Snowdon, Nicole, Allan, Julaine, Shakeshaft, Anthony, and Courtney, Ryan J.
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- 2023
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40. Mental-health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults with neurodevelopmental disorders
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Shakeshaft, Amy, Blakey, Rachel, Kwong, Alex S.F., Riglin, Lucy, Davey Smith, George, Stergiakouli, Evie, Tilling, Kate, and Thapar, Anita
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- 2023
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41. Effectiveness, safety and cost-effectiveness of vaporized nicotine products versus nicotine replacement therapy for tobacco smoking cessation in a low-socioeconomic status Australian population: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
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Bridget C Howard, Hayden McRobbie, Dennis Petrie, Daniel Barker, Colin Mendelsohn, Jack Anderson, Ron Borland, Felix Naughton, Piotr Tutka, Nick Zwar, Veronica C Boland, Alexandra Aiken, Anthony Shakeshaft, Coral Gartner, Robyn L Richmond, Wayne Hall, Richard P Mattick, Michael Farrell, and Ryan J Courtney
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Cost-effectiveness ,Electronic cigarettes ,Randomized controlled trial ,Smoking cessation ,Social disadvantage ,Tobacco ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background In Australia, tobacco smoking rates have declined but inequalities remain with significantly higher smoking prevalence among low-socioeconomic populations. Clinical trial data suggest vaporized nicotine products (VNPs) aid smoking cessation. Most VNP trials have used refillable tank systems, but newer generation (pod) devices now comprise the largest market share yet have limited clinical trial evidence on safety and effectiveness. This study evaluates the effectiveness, safety and cost-effectiveness of VNPs (pod and tank device) compared with nicotine replacement therapy ([NRT]—gum or lozenge) for smoking cessation. Methods This is a two-arm, open-label, superiority, parallel group, randomized controlled trial (RCT) with allocation concealment and blinded outcome assessment. The RCT is conducted at the National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre at the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. Participants are people who smoke daily, are interested in quitting and receive a government pension or allowance (N = 1058). Participants will be randomized (1:1 ratio) to receive 8 weeks of free: VNPs, with pod (40 mg/mL nicotine salt) and tank device (18 mg/mL freebase nicotine) in mixed flavours; or NRT (gum or lozenge; 4 mg). All participants will receive daily text message behavioural support for 5 weeks. Assessments will be undertaken by telephone at baseline, with three follow-up calls (two check-in calls within the first month and final follow-up at 7 months post randomization) to ascertain smoking status, treatment adherence and adverse events. The primary outcome is 6-month continuous abstinence verified by carbon monoxide breath test of ≤5ppm at 7-month follow-up. Safety and cost-effectiveness of VNPs versus NRT will also be evaluated. Discussion Further data are required to strengthen certainty of evidence for VNPs aiding smoking cessation, particularly for newer generation pod devices. To our knowledge, this trial is the first to offer choice of VNPs and no comparative effectiveness trial data exists for new pod devices. If effective, the findings can inform wider implementation of VNPs to aid smoking cessation in a priority group. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12621000076875. Registered on 29 January 2021. https://www.anzctr.org.au
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- 2022
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42. Finding the 'human' in the 'posthuman' : the representation of the technologically enhanced posthuman in Young Adult fiction
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Shakeshaft, Richard and Nikolajeva, Maria
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809 ,posthuman ,trialism ,postchild - Abstract
Technology has become an increasingly significant element of humans' lives in recent years, and it continues to shape them in ways hitherto only imaginable in science-fiction. Moving beyond humanism, the human/technology relationship has caused the question of what it means to be human to be considered through posthuman thought. I see the reality of technology's effect on human lives giving rise to the figure of the posthuman, in which aspects of the human are replaced or enhanced by technology. Through the posthuman subject, I propose the idea of a postchild and the notion of a posthuman trialism as new ways in which to examine representations of posthumans. Texts aimed a teenage readers frequently offer perspectives on questions of identity formation and the need for adolescent protagonists to find their place in the world. I use a range of young adult texts, with a variety of different types of posthuman protagonists written over the past twenty years, to explore how the posthuman is represented through the narratives, and how power structures and ideologies are conveyed. Through my analyses I demonstrate that, despite technology's apparent superiority, it is human qualities that remain more important in the posthuman, although the extent to which the human is prioritised depends on the way in which technology is employed. My findings provide a clear illustration of how teenage readers are being shown about the ways in which technology can be used and viewed in their lives, and how the human/technology relationship may shape their lives. While the presentations do not portend the dystopian vision of the future still prevalent in many people's minds, they stress the need for humans' use of technology to be questioned by its users and those with power in societies. My new approaches to the posthuman also mean that my work gives ways in which representations of the posthuman in any media can be critically examined.
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- 2019
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43. Beauty and the Gods in Archaic Greece
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Shakeshaft, Hugo, Elsner, Jaś, Metcalf, Christopher, and Parker, Robert
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938 ,Archaic Greece ,Greek Religion ,Ancient Greek History ,Aesthetics - Abstract
This thesis is about the relationship between the beautiful and the divine in Archaic Greece. By examining the literary, epigraphic and archaeological records, it seeks to understand how ideas, representations and experiences of beauty informed Greek relations with the gods in the Archaic period (c.750-480 BCE). One aim of the thesis is to elucidate the significance of beauty for Archaic conceptions of the gods. The first chapter explores the representation of the beautiful and the divine in Archaic epic, especially Hesiod and Homer, who profoundly affected attitudes to the gods from the Archaic period to late antiquity. How conceptions of beauty and the gods oriented worshippers' values, actions and the character of their experiences is the focus of the remaining chapters. The second core aim of the thesis, therefore, is to explore the significance of beauty for different forms and contexts of divine worship in Archaic Greece: from musical performances for the gods in chapter two, to developments in sacred architecture in chapter three, to the practice of giving objects to the gods in chapter four. As chapters three and four highlight, the material culture of Greek sanctuaries changed dramatically between the late eighth and early fifth centuries BCE. A central argument of the thesis is that the value and experience of beauty were integral to these changes, which had enduring consequences. Despite its under-representation in scholarship on ancient aesthetics, the Archaic period witnessed a transformation in Greek culture which was pivotal for the religious and aesthetic values, expectations and experiences of later generations of classical antiquity and beyond.
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- 2019
44. Vertebral Bone Density Variations in Scoliotic vs. Non-Scoliotic Juveniles, and Its Implications for Schmorl’s Node Development: A CT-Based Analysis Using the New Mexico Decedent Image Database
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Shakeshaft, Ellen, primary, Borrini, Matteo, additional, and Eliopoulos, Constantine, additional
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- 2024
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45. A semi-analytic approximation for a single-particle continuum wavefunction
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Shakeshaft, Robin, primary
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- 2024
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46. Irritability in Youths: A Critical Integrative Review
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Leibenluft, Ellen, primary, Allen, Laura E., additional, Althoff, Robert R., additional, Brotman, Melissa A., additional, Burke, Jeffrey D., additional, Carlson, Gabrielle A., additional, Dickstein, Daniel P., additional, Dougherty, Lea R., additional, Evans, Spencer C., additional, Kircanski, Katharina, additional, Klein, Daniel N., additional, Malone, Eleanor P., additional, Mazefsky, Carla A., additional, Nigg, Joel, additional, Perlman, Susan B., additional, Pine, Daniel S., additional, Roy, Amy Krain, additional, Salum, Giovanni A., additional, Shakeshaft, Amy, additional, Silver, Jamilah, additional, Stoddard, Joel, additional, Thapar, Anita, additional, Tseng, Wan-Ling, additional, Vidal-Ribas, Pablo, additional, Wakschlag, Lauren S., additional, and Stringaris, Argyris, additional
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- 2024
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47. The Bloomsbury Handbook of Gender and Educational Leadership and Management
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Victoria Showunmi, Pontso Moorosi, Charol Shakeshaft, Izhar Oplatka, Victoria Showunmi, Pontso Moorosi, Charol Shakeshaft, Izhar Oplatka and Victoria Showunmi, Pontso Moorosi, Charol Shakeshaft, Izhar Oplatka, Victoria Showunmi, Pontso Moorosi, Charol Shakeshaft, Izhar Oplatka
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- 2022
48. Relationship between ethnicity and multidisciplinary intervention for young people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases
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Bouraoui, Aicha, Glanville, James, Ismail, Samiha, Fisher, Corinne, Mavrommatis, Sophia, Leandro, Maria, Gupta, Joanna, Meyer, Stephanie, Shakeshaft, Peter, Crissell, Tracey, and Sen, Debajit
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- 2022
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49. Self-determination by First Nations Australians in alcohol policy: Lessons from Mbantua/Alice Springs (Northern Territory, Australia)
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Stearne, Annalee E., Lee, KS Kylie, Allsop, Steve, Shakeshaft, Anthony, and Wright, Michael
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- 2022
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50. Developing Trauma-Responsive Approaches to Student Discipline: A Guide to Trauma-Informed Practice in PreK-12 Schools. Routledge Research in Education
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Eggleston, Kirk, Green, Erinn J., Abel, Shawn, Poe, Stephanie, Shakeshaft, Charol, Eggleston, Kirk, Green, Erinn J., Abel, Shawn, Poe, Stephanie, and Shakeshaft, Charol
- Abstract
Building on comprehensive research conducted in US schools, this accessible volume offers an effective model of school leadership to develop and implement school-wide, trauma-responsive approaches to student discipline. Recognizing that challenging student behaviours are often rooted in early experiences of trauma, the volume builds on a model from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) to walk readers through the processes of realizing, recognizing, responding to, and resisting the impacts of trauma in school contexts. Research and interviews model an educational reform process and explain how a range of differentiated interventions including Positive Behaviour Interventions and Supports (PBIS), social-emotional learning (SEL), restorative justice, and family engagement can be used to boost student resilience and pro-social behaviour. Practical steps are supported by current theory, resources, and stories of implementation from superintendents, principals, and teachers. This text will benefit school leaders, teachers, and counsellors with an interest in restorative student discipline, emotional and behavioural difficulties in young people, and PreK-12 education more broadly. Those interested in school psychology, trauma studies, and trauma counselling with children and adolescents will also benefit from the volume.
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- 2021
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