Search

AbstractPhubbing is a common sight, but it is not merely a technological faux pas. The present study aims to explore phubbing (phubbing others and getting phubbed) through the lens of two types of personalities (grandiose and vulnerable narcissism). Moreover, the study also aimed to evaluate the indirect role of motivational systems (BAS/BIS) between these two sets of variables. The sample of the study comprised 525 Indian college students. Data were analyzed through Hayes Process Macro (Hayes) in SPSS (Version 26). Vulnerable narcissism was found to be positively related to phubbing others and getting phubbed. Grandiose narcissism was found to be related to phubbing others but not to getting phubbed. BAS and BIS were significantly and positively related to phubbing and getting phubbed. BAS indirectly affected the relationship between two kinds of narcissism (vulnerable and grandiose) and phubbing (phubbing others and getting phubbed); however, BIS failed to influence the relationship between narcissism and phubbing. The results of the present study challenge the notion that all phubbing behaviors are truly deviant as narcissistic personality played an important role in phubbing behavior. The study also highlighted the importance of rewards and punishment on phubbing behaviors, and therefore there is a need to focus on BAS and BIS while dealing with phubbing behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The PHLDA (pleckstrin homology-like domain family) gene family is popularly known as a potential biomarker for cancer identification, and members of the PHLDA family have become considered potentially viable targets for cancer treatments. The PHLDA gene family consists of PHLDA1, PHLDA2, and PHLDA3. The predictive significance of PHLDA genes in cancer remains unclear. To determine the role of pleckstrin as a prognostic biomarker in human cancers, we conducted a systematic multiomics investigation. Through various survival analyses, pleckstrin expression was evaluated, and their predictive significance in human tumors was discovered using a variety of online platforms. By analyzing the protein–protein interactions, we also chose a collection of well-known functional protein partners for pleckstrin. Investigations were also carried out on the relationship between pleckstrins and other cancers regarding mutations and copy number alterations. The cumulative impact of pleckstrin and their associated genes on various cancers, Gene Ontology (GO), and pathway analyses were used for their evaluation. Thus, the expression profiles of PHLDA family members and their prognosis in various cancers may be revealed by this study. During this multiomics analysis, we found that among the PHLDA family, PHLDA1 may be a therapeutic target for several cancers, including kidney, colon, and brain cancer, while PHLDA2 can be a therapeutic target for cancers of the colon, esophagus, and pancreas. Additionally, PHLDA3 may be a useful therapeutic target for ovarian, renal, and gastric cancer.

Kidney cancer has emerged as a major medical problem in recent times. Multiple compounds are used to treat kidney cancer by triggering cancer-causing gene targets. For instance, isoquercitrin (quercetin-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside) is frequently present in fruits, vegetables, medicinal herbs, and foods and drinks made from plants. Our previous study predicted using protein-protein interaction (PPI) and molecular docking analysis that the isoquercitrin compound can control kidney cancer and inflammation by triggering potential gene targets of IGF1R, PIK3CA, IL6, and PTGS2. So, the present study is about further in silico and in vitro validation. We performed molecular dynamic (MD) simulation, gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, cytotoxicity assay, and RT-PCR and qRT-PCR validation. According to the MD simulation (250 ns), we found that IGF1R, PIK3CA, and PTGS2, except for IL6 gene targets, show stable binding energy with a stable complex with isoquercitrin. We also performed gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of the final targets to determine their regulatory functions and signaling pathways. Furthermore, we checked the cytotoxicity effect of isoquercitrin (IQ) and found that 5 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL doses showed higher cell viability in a normal kidney cell line (HEK 293) and also inversely showed an inhibition of cell growth at 35% and 45%, respectively, in the kidney cancer cell line (A498). Lastly, the RT-PCR and qRT-PCR findings showed a significant decrease in PTGS2, PIK3CA, and IGF1R gene expression, except for IL6 expression, following dose-dependent treatments with IQ. Thus, we can conclude that isoquercitrin inhibits the expression of PTGS2, PIK3CA, and IGF1R gene targets, which in turn controls kidney cancer and inflammation.

The issue of child soldiers is not new but the international community and international law cannot fight and curb this menace without understanding the causes behind recruitment which are very diverse, expanding from historical, social and ideological to offering practical benefits of using children on the battlefield. The situation of Pakistan can become even more challenging as the causes of its youth's exposure to, or involvement in, violence are very complex, and have become critical as Pakistan has been added as a child soldier recruiter in the Child Soldiers Prevention Act list by the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Child soldiers are born whenever there is an armed conflict within on outside the country or in form of a civil war, but Pakistan has been directly involved in the war on terrorism and thereby making it incumbent upon it to make laws and take measures for the reintegration in society of these children of war. The next step after the hostilities have ended is the Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration process, which is not an easy task and faced by series of obstacles. This paper will try to understand the process of reintegration of child soldiers by analyzing the laws of Pakistan, centres built for the purpose of deradicalization, and how experiences of other countries in dealing with the reintegration process of child soldiers can be helpful to Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The right to freedom from torture is enshrined in human rights and can be interpreted narrowly from being used to collecting evidence to a more broader uiew Of infringing rights and liberties including the right to life and dignity, and cause other crimes such as enforced disappearances and custodial killings. After the end of World War II, torture was the key international crime during the Nuremberg trials and was condemned afterwards in various international conuentions, but it continues to be used by states under the pretext Of combating terrorism, upholding sovereignty, and protecting the perpetrators. This article attempts to understand the place of torture in the international as well as domestic legal system and how it is used by states, and also to identify and overcome the challenges to universally condemning and discarding the use of torture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, claimed multiple lives in a very short span of time. Seeing the urgency of situation, vaccines were developed in hitherto unseen time frame. Vaccines definitely passed the test of safety and efficacy in clinical trials, but post mass vaccination data revealed cases of fatal adverse conditions in the temporal association of vaccination. The temporal association does not guarantee that the fatality is due to vaccination, but at the same time, it does create a concern. To overcome this concern and improve the safety of vaccination, we reviewed literature and collected data of 15 studies comprising of total 22 cases of fatal adverse condition/death in the temporal association of COVID-19 vaccination. Analysis of these data shows that many persons (40.90%) who succumbed were previously healthy individuals. All those who died developed symptoms or were admitted to hospital within a period of 3 weeks after vaccination. 86.36% cases of death took place within a period of 3 weeks after vaccination/presentation/admission/intervention. Complications which lead to death were CVST, thrombocytopenia/thrombosis /VITT, DIC and haemorrhage in 81.18% of cases. 81.81% cases of death were noted in the temporal association with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. 68.18% persons developed symptoms after first dose. Death was more common in females (59.09%), and the most commonly affected age group was 20 to 60 years (86.36%). Knowledge of fatal adverse conditions in the temporal association of vaccination will help to tackle these situations well and improve the safety of vaccination drive further.

Throughout history, the role played by Souereignty has been very important, but greatly criticized at the same time with respect to the deuelopment of the principle of Universal Jurisdiction as it allows and justifies the trial of a citizen of one state by another. This article attempts to understand this clash by glimpsing into the legal and political developments which took place in the period after the two world wars. The upholders of international law and human rights haue supported Universal Jurisdiction as it can be effectively used to deter states from abusing their powers and committing human rights violations against foreign, as well as their own, citizens. Howeuer, International Criminal Law is facing immense criticism in the present day and age as the idea of Universal Jurisdiction continues to be opposed by a majority of states. The legal and political deuelopments after both world wars offer crucial insights into understanding the clash between Sovereignty and Universal Jurisdiction and what led to joint action and the formation of the international criminal tribunal by the international community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]