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The outbreak of COVID-19 necessitated the call for integrating teaching and assessment into virtual environments. To explore the types of resources students accessed during online exams, engineering students were administered an unproctored online English for Academic Purposes (EAP) mid-term exam. Subsequently, a questionnaire was administered to investigate students’ use of resources while taking the exam. The results of an exploratory factor analysis was used to categorize students’ use of resources, external to one's self, shedding light on student perception of the act. The analysis revealed that 60 % of the common variance could be attributed to access to both human and nonhuman resources external to oneself. The transition from face to face teaching and assessment to online education has led to an increase in the utilization of resources external to one's self. Traditionally this act has been termed academic dishonesty. The study argues that this should not be viewed as a disruption, but rather a symptom of the transition embraced by online education with recourse to high accessibility to online and offline resources. Despite the general notion that of the use of resources external to one's self is discouraged, students exhibited a prevalent tendency to use resources external to themselves on the online exam. Of significance is the call for a redefinition of what constitutes academic misbehavior or dishonesty in a world that is digitally connected 24/7.

Hypothesis: Hydrophobic silicone rubber is used as coatings that create hydrophobic properties for different surfaces. Silicone rubbers have high chemical and physical stability. Hydrophobic properties and resistance to creeping flow are unique features of silicone rubber coatings. The purpose of this research is to synthesize and assess silicone rubber and alter its surface wettability by roughening and modifying the surface using materials with low surface energies.Methods: Silicone rubber was first synthesized by hydrosilylation method in presence of a platinum catalyst, and subsequently coated onto polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sheet as an example of a low surface energy substrate. In order to create roughness on the surface, industrial sandpapers were used of having grit sizes of 120, 220, and 400. In the next step, low surface energy silicon nanofilaments (SNF) were used to modify the desired surface, which were decorated on the surface of the sample through vapor deposition method. Findings: The SEM images show that the roughness density on the surface of the samples created by a 400-grit sandpaper is higher than that of a 220-grit sandpaper, and this sandpaper is also higher than that of a 120-grit sandpaper. Increasing the roughness density increases the static water contact angle (WCA) because in this case the Wenzel model is no longer dominant, and the hydrophobic mechanism follows Cassie Baxter theory. Due to the highest degree of roughness density created on the surface, the PTFE substrate treated with a 400 grit sandpaper was used for the next stage of silicone rubber coating and finally for the growth of SNF on top of the silicone layer. Applying SNF coating on the sample surface leads to a significant increase in the WCA (~159°). This hydrophobicity enhancement after SNF coating can be attributed to the low surface energy of the coating and the increase in roughness caused by the random growth of nanofilaments.

اسلوب معادله از تصاویر هنری است که می‌تواند دارای وجوه مختلف باشد. در آغاز، بینابین یا پایان تمثیل آورده‌شود و امر انتزاعی را به امور محسوس و یا بالعکس تشبیه نماید. اوج ظهور این آرایه در ادب فارسی قرن دهم، در سبک هندی دیده می‌شود اما جلوه‌های این هنر در ادبیات فارسی، از قدیمترین آثار تا کنون تجلی یافته است. پژوهش حاضر به شیوۀ کتابخانه‌ای، ضمن اشاره به پیشینۀ اسلوب معادله (ارسال مثل)، به بررسی مثنوی‌های سلطان ولد، ابتدانامه (مشهور به ولدنامه)، رَباب نامه و انتهانامه پرداخته و با توجه به وجوه، جایگاه و ساختار اسلوب معادله در این مثنوی‌ها کیفیت بهره‌مندی از این آرایه را، نشان می‌دهد. نتایجی که از این پژوهش به دست آمده نشان می‌دهد که: 1- سلطان ولد در استفاده از این مظهر هنر بیشتر از اسلوب معادلۀ دو وجهی بهره برده و امور ذهنی، انتزاعی و عقلی را به امور حسی تشبیه نموده است. 2- چه بسا پیش می‌آید که دو مصراع یک بیت، معادل بیت‌های پیشین قرار بگیرد و اسلوب معادله در بیش از یک بیت ارائه گردد. 3- گاهی پایه‌های اسلوب معادله، وهمی، تخیلی و یا افسانه‌ای است. 4- گاهی نیز اسلوب معادله در دو بیت به صورت موقوف‌المعانی به تصویر کشیده می‌شود. 5- در بسیاری از اسلوب معادله‌ها، یکی از پایه‌های معادله محذوف و در معنا و مفهوم بیت نهفته است.

The study aimed to investigate (a) the effect of digital games, songs, and flashcards on vocabulary knowledge of Iranian EFL preschool learners and (b) the young learners‟ performance on mid-course tests of vocabulary with different topics. The participants included 350 preschool female learners in Oshnaviyeh, a town in Western Azarbaijan Province and were divided into three tablet, song, and traditional groups. Pre and post-tests of vocabulary and four mid-course tests based, on the learnt vocabularies, were administered during the research. The materials also consisted of a digital game, 16 songs, a structured student book, a workbook, and 60 flashcards. The analysis of the data revealed that there was no significant difference in the vocabulary knowledge of preschool learners who learnt vocabularies via games, songs, and flashcards. The results also showed that there was a significant difference in the three groups‟ mid-course tests with different topics. The findings recommend that using different techniques in the classroom considering learners‟ interest and needs can improve vocabulary knowledge of young learners.

Abstract Cloud computing datacenters consume huge amounts of energy, which has high cost and large environmental impact. There has been significant amount of research on dynamic power management, which shuts down unutilized equipment in a datacenter to reduce energy consumption. The main consumers of power in a datacenter are servers, communications network and the cooling system. Optimization of power in a datacenter is a difficult problem because of server resource constraints, network topology and bandwidth constraints, cost of VM migration, the heterogeneity of workloads and the servers. The arrival of new jobs and departure of completed jobs also create workload heterogeneity in time. As a result, most of the previous research has concentrated on partial optimization of power consumption, which optimizes either server and/or network power consumption through placement of VMs. Temporal load aware optimization, minimization of power consumption as a function of time has vastly been studied. When optimization also included migration, then solution had been divided into two steps, in the first step optimization of server and/or network power consumption is performed and in the second step migration of VMs has been taken care of, which is not an optimal solution. In this work, we develop joint optimization of power consumption of servers, network communications and cost of migration with workload and server heterogeneity subject to resource and bandwidth constraints through VM placement. Optimization results in an integer quadratic program (IQP) with linear/quadratic constraints in number of VMs assigned to a job on a server. IQP can only be solved for very small size systems, however, we have been able to decompose IQP to master and pricing sub-problems which may be solved through column generation technique for systems with larger sizes. Then, we have extended the optimization to manage temporal heterogeneity of the workload. It is assumed that time-axis is slotted and at the end of each slot jobs makes probabilistic complete/partial release of the VMs that they are holding and there will also be new job arrivals according to a Poisson process. The system will perform re-optimization of power consumption at the end of each slot that also includes the cost of VM migration. In the re-optimization, VMs of unfinished jobs may experience migration while new jobs are assigned VMs. We have obtained numerical results for optimal power consumption for the system as well as its power consumption due to two heuristic VM assignment algorithms. The results show optimization achieves significant power savings compared to the heuristic algorithms. We believe that our work advances state-of-the art in dynamic power management of datacenters and the results will be helpful to cloud service providers in achieving energy saving.

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG or TG2) is a member of the transglutaminase family that catalyzes calcium dependent formation of isopeptide bonds. It has been shown that the expression of TG2 is elevated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and Alzheimer’s. We have investigated the self-assembly of TG2 in vitro. First, using software, hot spots, which are prone for aggregation, were identified in domain 2 of the enzyme. Next we expressed and purified recombinant TG2 and its truncated version that contains only the catalytic domain, and examined their amyloidogenic behavior in various conditions including different temperatures and pHs, in the presence of metal ions and Guanosine triphosphate (GTP). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Objective: 17β-estradiol is known to delay the onset of atherosclerosis in women but cellular mechanisms are still unclear. Estrogens bind to specific receptors and initiate a signaling cascade that involves the activation of plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchange. We hypothesized that estrogens interfere with ion transport across the plasma membrane and thus control endothelial structure and function. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the sex steroids 17β-estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone on volume, apical surface and elasticity in human endothelium. Methods: The atomic force microscope was used as an imaging tool and as an elasticity sensor. We applied the antiestrogen tamoxifen, the Na+/H+ exchange blocker cariporide and the epithelial Na+channel blocker amiloride to elucidate the role of transmembrane ion transport in hormone-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Results: Incubation with 17β-estradiol for 72 h led to a dose-dependent increase of endothelial cell volume (41%), apical cell surface (22%), and cell elasticity (53%) as compared to non-17β-estradiol treated controls. Block of the 17β-estradiol receptor by tamoxifen and of plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchange by cariporide prevented the hormone-induced changes. Progesterone and testosterone were ineffective. Conclusions: 17β-estradiol increases HUVEC water content and HUVEC elasticity mediated by activated estrogen receptors. The estrogen response depends on the activation of plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchange. The increase in endothelial cell elasticity could be one of the vasoprotective mechanisms postulated for 17β-estradiol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Power consumption is one of the major concerns for the cloud providers. The issue of disorganized power consumption can be categorized into two main groups: one caused by server operations and one occurred during the network communications. In this paper, a platform for virtual machine (VM) placement/migration is proposed to minimize the total power consumption of cloud data centers (DCs). The main idea behind this paper is that with the collaboration of optimization scheduling and estimation techniques, the power consumption of DC can be optimally lessened. In the platform, an estimation module has been embedded to predict the future loads of the system, and then, two schedulers are considered to schedule the expected and unpredicted loads, respectively. The proposed scheduler applies the column generation technique to handle the integer linear/quadratic programming optimization problem. Also, the cut-and-solve-based algorithm and the call back method are proposed to reduce the complexity and computation time. Finally, numerical and experimental results are presented to validate our findings. Adaptation and scalability of the proposed platform result in a notable performance in VM placement and migration processes. We believe that our work advances the state of the art in workload estimation and dynamic power management of cloud DCs, and the results will be helpful to cloud service providers in achieving energy saving.

To study breeding resource of Kabuli chickpea lines of National Plant Gene Bank of Iran, two separate experiments were conducted during 2010 and 2011. In this study, 57 lines of Kabuli type chickpeas- selected from primary evaluation experiments, out of 1500 accessions were planted at farm of Seed and Plant Improvement Research Institute in Karaj, Iran, according a randomized complete block design with three replications. All 57 lines were evaluated for different morphological and agronomical traits. Results showed high diversity for most of traits among accessions. Combined analysis of variance showed significant differences for years, genotypes and year × genotype interaction. Principal Coordinte Analysis resulted to four premier factors contributed around 85% of variations. Growth habit, number of flower and pod in plant, seed color, seed black dots and testa texture had higher coefficients in the first factor which contributed 59% of total variation. The yield components such as flowering duration, number of flower and pod in plant, number of pod per plant and number of seeds per pod showed high genetic diversity (21.58, 24.88, 52.51, and 27.01 respectively), and high heritabilities (93.49, 66.67, 94.72, and 82.86 respectively). So, these traits are suggested as most important indices for selection of superior chickpea line in breeding programs.

This paper describes the design, development, and implementation of two separate classroom experiments using mobile augmented reality (AR) for teaching abstract topics to undergraduate architecture and construction students in two U.S. universities. The presented work is motivated by the fact that the new generation of students (millennials) have a natural ability to use technology and digital information, and show a great affinity for integrating new tools and mobile devices in their daily activities. In contrast, many existing instructional delivery methods are still teacher-centered and based on lectures and memorization to pass knowledge and information onto the students. The first project described in this paper is a construction AR magic book in which an ordinary course textbook was enhanced by overlaying multimedia contents such as images, videos, 3D models, and other visuals on top of the printed figures and diagrams of the book. The second project in this paper, describes the development of an immersive AR application called Skope, which is designed to enhance students’ site visit experience. This application, superimposes the BIM model of an existing building on the real-world building, allowing students to interact with different parameters of the model such as orientation, sitting, direction of prevailing winds, construction processes, structural systems, connection details, and the heating, cooling and ventilation systems. Overall, the assessment of student performance metrics and opinions collected in each project indicates that using AR technology in classroom has a good potential to improve student learning and engagement in the subject matter, and help them better relate abstract topics to real-world problems.

Upon publication of the original article [1], it was noticed that the authors Mustafa Mehmet-Ali and Dondgyu Qiu were missing.

Of the purposes of this study one was to see ,vhether the rnetacognitive reading strategies used by Iranian EFL students reading an English text used the same kind of metacognitive strategies as those used by them while they were reading a Persian text. The other aim was to check whether the data (concerning metacognitive reading strategies) elicited through a questionnaire and the think• aloud technique were comparable, The results manifested that there is not a difference between the frequency of use of metacognitive reading strategies used while reading Persian and English texts And it was also proved that the kinds of mctacognitive strategies elicited while using a metacognitive reading questionnaire dealt very superficially with the task while the data gathered during the think-alouds were more specific and dealt more deeply with the task at hand. Thus, it is possible that ,netacognitive reading strategies developed for reading Persian texts may transfer to the reading of English texts or vice versa. Moreover, the choice of data elicitation technique depends on the researcher's purpose(s) and the context of the study.

Genetic diversity in bean collection can be used in breeding program for selection of genotype with desirable agronomic traits. Fifty two accessions of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) has been evaluated for genetic diversity of agronomic traits, grain quality and determination of association between grain yield and some morphological traits at Research Farm of National Plant Gene Bank of Iran, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute in Karaj during 2011. Complete randomized block design with two replications has been used for conduction of experiment and statistical analysis. According to Biodiversity International descriptors traits understudy has been recorded. Descriptive statistics results of traits analysis indicated considerable diversity regarding node number on main stem, 100 seed weight, seed number per plant and pod number per plant. Variation for traits of seed number per plant, 100 seed weight, days to maturity and seed yield per plant ranged between 32-150 seeds, 14.8-74.22 g, 46-96 days and 11.2-55.1 g, respectively. Coefficients of variation for genetic and phenotypic were high regarding traits of node number on main stem, pod number per plant, seed number per plant, 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant. All traits except days to flowering (22.3%) and days to forming pod (7.9%) had high heritability between 62.8-82.9%. Based on cluster analysis genotypes understudy classified in tree groups among them two had highest single plant seed yield. Among qualitative characters maximum variation has been observed for pod string and minimum for pod tip curve. According to results of simple correlation, multiple regression and path analysis; pod number per plant, 100 seed weight and seed number per plant as components of yield had the greatest impact on performance of single plant seed yield. During principal component analysis 67.60% of recorded traits variations were due to four factors.

The American building industry is one of the major consumers of energy. Buildings use 39% of thetotal energy consumed in the United States, significantly impacting national energy demand andcontributing to global warming. The vast majority of architectural practice in US leads to construction of buildings with a little concern to sustainability leading to environmental degradation. Although the bulk of architecture practice continues to produce unsustainable buildings, there is growing stream of exemplary models of sustainable design. Examining the success of suchpractices leads into two a two-folded finding; first that achieving sustainable design is closelylinked to “integrated Design”1 - a type of practice in which various disciplines involved in building design work together to achieve efficiency and other synergetic benefits. Second is that theadvances in computing and simulation algorithms are paving the way to achieve “integrateddesign”. These technologies are enabling the designers to collaborate, visualize, foresee, andmodify building performance with relatively high accuracy. They are increasing used to analyze complex systems to achieve streamlined structures, reduce dependence on mechanical systems, produce more effective construction processes, and reduce waste.If such practices were to become widespread, the architectural education needs to be restructured.The traditional American architectural curriculum that is based on a schism between“design” and “technology” is inherently in conflict with the principal of integration. Though largescalereform of architectural curricula is a complex, ongoing, and difficult debate; producing teaching tools that can simulate integrated design can impact and promote an understanding of sustainable practice in architecture. The proposed paper will present the progress of a multi-disciplinary team of faculty who arecollectively working on the completion, implementation and evaluation of a simulation softwarepackage in an interactive game format. The project teaches the concepts of “integrated design ”through immersing students in a virtual world that imitates the complexity of the real world of decision-making and material choices in design. The project accomplishes this by harnessingthe capabilities of simulation and dynamic modeling programs as well as powerful game engineswhile creating compelling and rewarding reasons for student’s engagement in the learning process. The project is funded by the US Department of Education for the period of 2007-2010.

There is sigh of relief across Europe after the BVerfG has rejected the injunction order by the plaintiffs against the Own Resources Decision. But a decision by the French Conseil d’Etat taken on the same day might be the far more important political decision. Indeed, the French Court goes further than the BVerfG by openly resisting the application of EU law. In this case, the French Government will indeed reject EU law for an extended (and potentially unlimited) period of time.

Breast cancer holds the highest incidence rate among women. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent frontline drug for the treatment of breast cancer. The anticancer mechanisms of DOX include inducing immunogenic cell death in tumor cells, causing damage to tumor DNA, and generating free radicals. However, its pharmacological efficacy and wide use are restricted by its substantial dose-dependent side effects. We have recently revealed that 1,7-Heptanediol (1,7-Hept) severely impairs the bioenergetics and metabolism of aggressive human cancer cells. In the present work, we prepared liposomes co-loaded with DOX and 1,7-Hept (DOX/1,7-Hept-lipo) and assessed their potential synergistic anti-tumor effects. In vitro studies demonstrated that 4T1 cells (the mouse breast cancer cell) exhibited higher sensitivity to 1,7-Hept and DOX/1,7-Hept-lipo could induce ICD of 4T1 cells. Cell viability was markedly reduced when 4T1 cells were treated with a combination of DOX and 1,7-Hept. In a mouse breast cancer model, the DOX/1,7-Hept-lipo exhibited superior anti-tumor efficacy compared to liposomes loaded with individual drugs, resulting in almost total elimination of the tumors at lower doses of DOX with reduced systemic toxicity. Notably, the number of immune cells significantly increased in the tumor microenvironment, and macrophages were more transformed into the anti-tumor M1 phenotype. Our findings suggest strong synergistic anti-tumor effects of DOX and 1,7-Hept, enhancing the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy and mitigating the toxic side effects of DOX., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Neutrophil granulocytes play a crucial role in host defense against invading pathogens and in inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to elucidate membrane potential dynamics during the initial phase of neutrophil activation and its relation to migration and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We performed ROS production measurements of neutrophils from healthy C57BL/6J mice after TNFα-priming and/or C5a stimulation. The actin cytoskeleton was visualized with fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, we combined migration assays and measurements of membrane potential dynamics after stimulating unprimed and/or TNFα-primed neutrophils with C5a. We show that C5a has a concentration-dependent effect on ROS production and chemokinetic migration. Chemokinetic migration and chemotaxis are impaired at C5a concentrations that induce ROS production. The actin cytoskeleton of unstimulated and of ROS-producing neutrophils is not distributed in a polarized way. Inhibition of the phagocytic NADPH oxidase NOX2 with diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) leads to a polarized distribution of the actin cytoskeleton and rescues chemokinetic migration of primed and C5a-stimulated neutrophils. Moreover, C5a evokes a pronounced depolarization of the cell membrane potential by 86.6 ± 4.2 mV starting from a resting membrane potential of -74.3 ± 0.7 mV. The C5a-induced depolarization occurs almost instantaneously (within less than one minute) in contrast to the more gradually developing depolarization induced by PMA (lag time of 3-4 min). This initial depolarization is accompanied by a decrease of the migration velocity. Collectively, our results show that stimulation with C5a evokes parallel changes in membrane potential dynamics, neutrophil ROS production and motility. Notably, the amplitude of membrane potential dynamics is comparable to that of excitable cells., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

The small compound Pitstop-2 is a recent potent inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), widely used in biomedical research areas. In recent years, however, it is observed that it exhibits CME-independent inhibitory effects on nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), the nucleocytoplasmic gatekeepers. NPCs are elaborate proteinaceous transport nano-machineries of crucial physiological importance rendering them novel targets for various medical applications. They mediate all nucleocytoplasmic transport forming a physiologically essential selective nucleocytoplasmic barrier. The direct Pitstop-2 disruptive effects on NPCs manifested themselves at both the structural and functional integrity levels. Moreover, they are massive, acute, and detectable at concentrations equal to CME-inhibitory concentrations. Pitstop-2 inhibits CME by binding to the terminal β-propeller domain of the heavy chain of clathrin. Several NPC scaffold proteins, critical for the structural and functional integrity of the NPC, possess β-propeller folds. Herein, utilizing computational docking analysis, it is demonstrated that Pitstop-2 exhibits particularly high binding affinities to β-propeller folds of NPC scaffold proteins, similar to its binding affinity to the terminal β-propeller domain of clathrin. The authors, therefore, conclude that Pitstop-2 is a potent disruptor of NPCs, an activity which, separately or in synergy with CME inhibition, may be exploited for a myriad of pharmacological applications., (© 2023 The Authors. Advanced Biology published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is an essential cell physiological process of broad biomedical relevance. Since the recent introduction of Pitstop-2 as a potent CME inhibitor, we and others have reported on substantial clathrin-independent inhibitory effects. Herein, we developed and experimentally validated a novel fluorescent derivative of Pitstop-2, termed RVD-127, to clarify Pitstop-2 diverse effects. Using RVD-127, we were able to trace additional protein targets of Pitstop-2. Besides inhibiting CME, Pitstop-2 and RVD-127 proved to directly and reversibly bind to at least two members of the small GTPase superfamily Ran and Rac1 with particularly high efficacy. Binding locks the GTPases in a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-like conformation disabling their interaction with their downstream effectors. Consequently, overall cell motility, mechanics and nucleocytoplasmic transport integrity are rapidly disrupted at inhibitor concentrations well below those required to significantly reduce CME. We conclude that Pitstop-2 is a highly potent, reversible inhibitor of small GTPases. The inhibition of these molecular switches of diverse crucial signaling pathways, including nucleocytoplasmic transport and overall cell dynamics and motility, clarifies the diversity of Pitstop-2 activities. Moreover, considering the fundamental importance and broad implications of small GTPases in physiology, pathophysiology and drug development, Pitstop-2 and RVD-127 open up novel avenues., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2022 The Authors. Bioengineering & Translational Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Institute of Chemical Engineers.)

Contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL) is a process that regulates cell motility upon collision with other cells. Improper regulation of CIL has been implicated in cancer cell dissemination. Here, we identify the cell adhesion molecule JAM-A as a central regulator of CIL in tumor cells. JAM-A is part of a multimolecular signaling complex in which tetraspanins CD9 and CD81 link JAM-A to αvβ5 integrin. JAM-A binds Csk and inhibits the activity of αvβ5 integrin-associated Src. Loss of JAM-A results in increased activities of downstream effectors of Src, including Erk1/2, Abi1, and paxillin, as well as increased activity of Rac1 at cell-cell contact sites. As a consequence, JAM-A-depleted cells show increased motility, have a higher cell-matrix turnover, and fail to halt migration when colliding with other cells. We also find that proper regulation of CIL depends on αvβ5 integrin engagement. Our findings identify a molecular mechanism that regulates CIL in tumor cells and have implications on tumor cell dissemination., (© 2022 Kummer et al.)

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) enables simultaneous generation of topographical and biophysical maps of surfaces of biological samples at nanoresolution in physiologically relevant environments. Here, we describe the application of AFM to study nuclear pore complexes from structural and biophysical aspects., (© 2022. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) selectively mediate all nucleocytoplasmic transport and engage in fundamental cell-physiological processes. It is hypothesized that NPCs are critical for malignant transformation and survival of lung cancer cells, and test the hypothesis in lowly and highly metastatic non-small human lung cancer cells (NSCLCs). It is shown that malignant transformation is paralleled by an increased NPCs density, and a balanced pathological weakening of the physiological stringency of the NPC barrier. Pharmacological interference using barrier-breaking compounds collapses the stringency. Concomitantly, it induces drastic overall structural changes of NSCLCs, terminating their migration. Moreover, the degree of malignancy is found to be paralleled by substantially decreased lamin A/C levels. The latter provides crucial structural and mechanical stability to the nucleus, and interacts with NPCs, cytoskeleton, and nucleoskeleton for cell maintenance, survival, and motility. The recent study reveals the physiological importance of the NPC barrier stringency for mechanical and structural resilience of normal cell nuclei. Hence, reduced lamin A/C levels in conjunction with controlled pathological weakening of the NPC barrier stringency may facilitate deformability of NSCLCs during the metastasis steps. Modulation of the NPC barrier presents a potential strategy for suppressing the malignant phenotype or enhancing the effectiveness of currently existing chemotherapeutics., (© 2021 The Authors. Advanced Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)