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Back ground: Chronic neck pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal pain conditions experienced by many people during their lives. Due to increased use of Tech devices & modern life style, forward head posture & resultant neck pain becomes quiet common. Although patients with neck pain are managed predominantly as musculoskeletal patients, there are indications that they also have poor pulmonary function as limited movement of the neck muscles can result in impaired chest movements. The aim of this study was to examine whether patients with chronic neck pain have impaired pulmonary measures. Methodology: A cross sectional observational study was conducted to evaluate pulmonary function measures in patients with chronic neck pain.100 subjects included dividing them into 2 groups. Group A: Patients with Chronic Neck Pain. Group B: Age & sex matched healthy individuals. Written Consent was taken from the subjects and the subjects were made to understand the purpose of the study. Spirometry was performed for all the subjects. Forced vital capacities (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second of FVC (FEV1), ratio of FEV1/FVC and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) were recorded. Neck Disability Index (NDI), Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) for pain & Craniocervical Angle (CCA) had also been considered for both the groups. Results: Data analysis was done using Microsoft office Excel. The results showed that patients with chronic neck pain yielded significantly reduced FVC, FEV1 and maximum voluntary ventilation (P < 0.005), but FEV1/FVC ratio were not affected significantly (P > 0.5). Craniocervical Angle & Pain Intensity was found to be significantly correlated with respiratory function. CONCLUSION: Patients with chronic neck pain do not have optimal pulmonary function. Cervical spine muscle dysfunction in parallel with pain intensity and kinesiophobia are factors that are associated mainly with this respiratory dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Forward head posture (FHP) means that the head is in an anterior position in relation to the postural line and it is considered to coexist with hyperextension of upper cervical spine, flattening of lower cervical spine, rounding of the upper back and elevation and protraction of the shoulders. Because of associated problems, assessment of head posture has become increasingly important in clinical practices in evaluating and designing treatment regimens. For clinical diagnosis, angle measurements have been utilized as information for evaluating physical characteristics, determining the effects of rehabilitation and preventing injury induced by physical activity. There are various software’s available for measuring angles, one of them being Surgimap. In recent years, angle measurements using Electronic head posture instrument (EHPI) have been clinically researched as new angle measurement methods for the forward head posture apart from photographic measurement methods. Thus, this study evaluated the validity and reliability of the EHPI in measuring Head posture angles with Surgimap photograhic method in young healthy subjects. Methodology: Ethical approval for the study was granted and cross sectional observational study was conducted for validity and reliability at outpatient department. After written consent the subjects were made to understand the purpose of the study. Craniovertebral angle, Cranio-horizontal angle and Sagittal shoulder angle was measured using Electronic Head Posture Instrument and Photographic Method through Surgimap software. The research constituted of three researchers and intra rater reliability, inter rater reliability and validity was analyzed. Results: Data analysis was done using SPSS 20.0 version and the statistical significance level was set at p<0.05. Intra rater reliability was found to be CHA=0. 95, CVA=0.92 and SSA=0.96, Inter rater reliability was found to be CHA= 0.98, CVA= 0.90 and SSA= 0.78. Correlation between different angles was found as CHA=0.95, CVA=0.79 and SSA=0.62. Conclusion: EHPI is a valid and reliable tool in clinically assessing and evaluating CHA, CVA and SSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Over last two decades, Importance of trunk core muscle exercise has gain major interest in clinical as well as in profession athletes. Trunk muscle endurance and strength are routinely used measures in clinical evaluation, but lack of normative data is a limitation for measuring physical function of trunk in athletes. Aim: Aim of the study is to find out normative data of trunk muscle endurance for male long-distance runners of Vadodara. Objectives: To Establish normative data of Trunk flexors, extensors and side flexors endurance using McGill’s Endurance Test. Methodology: 80 male participants of 18-35 years were taken randomly from various sports ground of Vadodara. Study Design: Cross sectional Observation study. Outcome Measures: McGill’s Endurance Test Procedure: Participants was selected based on Inclusion Criteria and McGill’s Endurance test was used to examine trunk muscle endurance. These tests consist of four positions: 1) Trunk anterior flexor test, 2) Trunk posterior extensor test, 3) Latera side plank (Right) and 4) Lateral side plank (left). Statistical analysis: Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data of all participants. Endurance levels between 25 and 50 consider low, between 50 and 75 consider medium and between 75 and 100 consider high. Result: The mean value of trunk anterior flexor test was 148 sec, Trunk posterior extensor test was 108 sec, Lateral side plank (Right) was 83.2 sec and Lateral side plank (Left) was 81.5 sec. Conclusion: This study was done to find out the normative data for endurance of trunk muscle in long distance runners of 18–35 age group. The reference value of trunk muscle endurance found in this study can be helpful for the quantitative evaluation, Rehabilitation programme and for the research purpose in the long-distance runners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Neck pain is a common disorder. Poor posture might result in muscular imbalance that causes a faulty relationship among various body parts. Forward head posture is one of the most common cervical abnormalities that predispose individuals toward pathological conditions, such as headache, neck pain, and temporomandibular disorders. Aim: The aim of the study was to find the relationship between CV angle and neck pain. Materials and method: 50 patients were evaluated and included in the study. They were evaluated for pain using Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the forward head posture was assessed by measuring CV angle. The total duration of the study was 6 months. Analysis was done using SPSS Version 20. Results: Spearman's correlation test was used to find correlation between CV angle and neck pain and the r value was found to be -0.731 with the level of significance 0.01. Conclusion: A moderate to good negative correlation was found between CV angle and neck pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With paradigm change in the financial environment and financial system, there is an urge of financial literacy in the households and as in India, financial literacy about financial planning is in nascent stage they take the assistance of financial intermediaries. The current research has focused on the aspects of the personal financial planning components considered by the financial planners and intermediaries and the factors they take into consideration while advising households. The responses are taken from the financial intermediaries and study revealed that they consider process factors; client information assessment, recommendation to clients, analyses of available alternatives, client-planner relation, measure financial behaviour, progress monitoring and they ranked personal finance components in order of Money management, Risk Management (Insurance planning), Retirement & Estate planning, Tax planning, Investment planning, Credit Management while advising their clients. They also consider Current life stage of client, Current situation, Regular income, Risk, Financial goals, Economic Condition factors in order while they prepare financial plan for the household. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Obesity has become one of the major health issues in India. WHO defines obesity as "A condition with excessive fat accumulation in the body to the extent that the health and wellbeing are adversely affected". Obesity results from a complex interaction of genetic, behavioral, environmental and socioeconomic factors causing an imbalance in energy production and expenditure. Peak expiratory flow rate is the maximum rate of airflow that can be generated during forced expiratory manoeuvre starting from total lung capacity. The simplicity of the method is its main advantage. It is measured by using a standard Wright Peak Flow Meter or mini Wright Meter. Aim: The aim of the study is to see the effect of body mass index on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate values in young adults. Materials and methods: A correlational study was done 40 healthy individuals with age of 18-35 year old. Subjects having cardio or pulmonary condition were excluded. Then according to body mass index (BMI) normal (group A) and obese (group B) individuals were included. Where, BMI - normal: 18.5-22.9 kg/m2 and obese: 25 kg/m2 onwards. Then in sitting position all the individuals were given three trials for PEFR and best of all was taken. Results: Group A: BMI mean -18.74±1.11and PEFR mean - 395±116.8, Group B: BMI mean - 28.7±1.12 and PEFR mean - 309±46.4. According to spearman's correlation Group A, r= 0.456 and p=0.022 also in Group B r=0.097 and p=0.342. Conclusion: There was weak correlation in between BMI and PEFR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The National Institute of Health asthma guidelines recommend assessing PEF during hospitalization including improvement to a PEF of >70% of the predicted value before discharge. The Global Initiative for asthma recommends monitoring of PEF in hospitalized patients. Current guidelines for correct PEF maneuver include standing, but it has been observed that many respiratory therapists and patients use supine position. Aim: To determine which one of the 3 different positions i.e. standing, lying back at 450 angle on pillows and sitting up slumped forward 100 with legs extended generates higher peak expiratory pressure and can be used as optimal position for generating peak expiratory flow in asthmatics. Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was performed in 20 asthmatic subjects aged 18-50 years in whom correct instructions for PEF technique were given according to guidelines of National Institute of Health. The steps were repeated 3 times in each position and the best of 3 attempts in each of the 3 positions were used for analysis. Level of significance kept at 5%. Results: Mean and SD of lying back at 450 was 254.5±29.28, sitting up with slumped forward 100 was 281±28.26 and that of standing was 302.5±27.88. Statistically significant result was found using nonparametric test i.e. Friedman test where ²=40 and p=0.0001. Conclusion: There is significant difference between PEFR values in standing, sitting with slump forward 100 and lying back 450 position. Standing position is the best option for adult asthmatics to measure their PEF values as it generated maximum PEF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to explore the possible impact of corporate announcement such as dividend on stock prices in Indian stock market. To find the empirical evidences of dividend announcement 20 listed companies were selected based on the market trading volumes and had announced in over the period January 2015 through December 2015.A standard event study methodology is adopted in this paper surrounding sixty days of the announcement dates. Abnormal Returns of the stock are calculated by using Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). The results of t-test for means have shown that there are significant differences on share prices after announcement except Bank of Baroda. The Average Abnormal Returns (AAR) and Cumulative Average Abnormal Return (CAAR) of the event days are not equal to zero, though investors do not gain significant returns in pre or announcement day but gain in post announcement period as there are positive incidences of abnormal return noticed around two days post announcement for most of the companies having positive dividend announcement and a few companies have post negative returns. An investor can take the marginal returns by investing in companies with dividend event but can't expect speculative returns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]