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Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans ) is the major pathogen involved in caries development during the first few years of life. Prebiotics represent a breakthrough approach to maintaining oral health by utilizing naturally beneficial bacteria against harmful bacteria., Aim: To assess the effects of prebiotics supplements on salivary pH and salivary buffer capacity in children with early childhood caries (ECC)., Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 23 samples, aged 3-6 years who received prebiotics supplements for 14 days, followed up to 3 and 6 months. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected to assess salivary pH and salivary buffer capacity using salivary check buffer kit., Statistical Analysis Used: The data showed normal distribution; hence, parametric tests were applied. Repeated measures of analysis of variance were applied to compare the mean at the three different time intervals, followed by paired t- test for pairwise comparison., Results: There was a highly significant difference on comparing the different parameters. Salivary pH was lowest at baseline with a mean value of 6.65 which increased at the 3-6-month follow-up to 7.00 and 7.33. Similarly, salivary buffer capacity which was 4.73 at baseline, increased at 3 months to 8.17, and at 6 months to 10.34., Conclusion: It can be suggested that prebiotics supplements can be adopted as a novel approach in children with ECC as a form of preventive measure to facilitate a better lifestyle., Clinical Significance: These prebiotics when taken for a period of 2 weeks increased the salivary pH as well as salivary buffer capacity when the data was compared at different time intervals emphasizing its importance, especially in children with ECC., How to Cite This Article: Fernandes VA, Mata DB, Nadig B, et al. Effect of Prebiotics Supplements on Salivary pH and Salivary Buffer Capacity in Children with Early Childhood Caries: An In Vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(1):54-58., Competing Interests: Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None, (Copyright © 2024; The Author(s).)

Aim: To compare and evaluate the effect of sensory-adapted dental environment (SADE) and regular dental environment in reducing anxiety levels in children with intellectual disabilities., Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in children with mild intellectual disabilities aged 8-13 years. The developmental screening test was utilized in screening and including these children with IQ scores between 52 and 67, and after random allocation, children were subjected to oral prophylaxis in the SADE and regular dental environment. Anxiety levels were assessed at baseline, 5 min, and at the end of the procedure using Venham's anxiety rating scale, pulse rate, and blood pressure values., Results: The data were coded and analyzed using software SPSS (IBM version 22.0) for statistical analysis. Comparison between the groups was done using independent t-test and repeated measured ANOVA for objective assessment of intergroup and intragroup anxiety levels, respectively, and using Mann-Whitney U-test and Friedman's test for subjective assessment of intergroup and intragroup anxiety levels, respectively., Conclusion: These findings suggest that SADE significantly decreased anxiety levels and cooperative behavior in children with mild intellectual disability and can be used as an alternative behavior management technique in effectively handling children with intellectual disability., Competing Interests: None