19 results on '"Shafei, E."'
Search Results
2. Zirconia/titania catalysts for carbon dioxide utilisation
- Author
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Al-Shafei, E. N. and Brown, Rob
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546 ,Q Science (General) ,QD Chemistry - Abstract
Reaction and conversion of CO2 to chemicals is a challenging area of research. The objective of this work is to study and investigate the use of mixed metal oxide Zr/Ti oxide and related catalysts for the conversion and utilisation of CO2. The first reaction studied was propane dehydrogenation using CO2 to produce propene. Then, the study extended to investigate the direct reaction of CO2 as whole molecule with methane, ethane, acetylene, ethylene and propane to synthesis carboxylic acids. The catalysts were prepared in several ways. Four methods were based on coprecipitation of the mixed catalyst from solutions of zirconium (IV) oxynitrate hydrate and titanium (IV) chloride. Other methods involved impregnation, based on titanium (IV) oxide. Catalysts were characterised by nitrogen adsorption, by powder X-ray diffraction, by ammonia temperature programmed desorption and, ultimately, in terms of catalytic activities. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns of the impregnated titania-rich Zr/Ti oxide catalysts showed that ZrO2 dissolved in the solid anatase phase of titania. At higher concentrations, the ZrO2 appeared as a separate tetragonal phase. Low zirconia content Zr/Ti oxide catalysts showed significantly increased surface areas and higher acidities than the individual oxides. A range of other metal oxides were added as third metal oxides in these mixtures, but none had significant impacts on surface areas or on surface acidities. Propane dehydrogenation is thermodynamically limited. The only possible route is a radical mechanism for H2 removal via a surface process. The catalytic activities at low CO2:propane ratio showed that Zr/Ti oxide exhibited the higher activity than single oxides, but activities were all too low to be of economic significance. In contrast, using higher CO2:propane ratio improved the propene yield and selectivity to values comparable to those achieved with the industrial chromium based catalyst. The catalyst showed selectivity to C-H bond breaking to form propene over C-C bond breaking to make ethene. The study demonstrated that CO2 was utilised mainly for the reverse water gas shift reaction (RWGS) to remove hydrogen from the catalyst surface. The study showed that the Zr/Ti oxide catalysts exhibited higher stability compared to the industrial catalysts at slightly higher gas space velocity. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that Zr/Ti oxide catalyst assists coke gasification in the presence of CO2 at 600 oC. The other mixed oxide catalysts generally showed lower surface acidities and higher selectivities to C-C bond breaking products over the desired propene product. The second study was the direct reaction of CO2 with CH4 to produce acetic acid. Again, this reaction is thermodynamically unfavourable and the only possible route must involve a radical species by which reactants are concentrated on the catalyst surface. Evidence of methyl surface species formation in the presence of methane was indeed found over the Zr/Ti oxide catalyst. With CO2 methane reacted with CO2 to form acetic acid over Zr/Ti oxide catalysts. The C-C insertion mechanism is proposed by which methyl surface species formed on the catalyst and reacted with CO2. This was followed by hydrogenation to form acetic acid. Reactions of CO2 with ethane, ethylene, acetylene and propene were also studied, in the hope of observing direct insertion to produce the corresponding carboxylic acid. In fact, lower acids were formed in all cases, suggesting a radical mechanism involving C-C bond breaking over Zr/Ti oxide catalyst. Interestingly, acetic acid was formed with all these precursor hydrocarbons, and it appears that it occurs via C≡C, C=C, C-C and C-H bond breaking.
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- 2015
3. Reprogramming of Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells under the Effect of bFGF In Vitro
- Author
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Shafei, E. V., Kurinov, A. M., Kuznetsova, A. V., and Aleksandrova, M. A.
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- 2017
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4. Modelling the cascade of biomarker changes in GRN-related frontotemporal dementia
- Author
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Panman, J. L., Venkatraghavan, V., Van Der Ende, E. L., Steketee, R. M. E., Jiskoot, L. C., Poos, J. M., Dopper, E. G. P., Meeter, L. H. H., Kaat, L. D., Rombouts, S. A. R. B., Vernooij, M. W., Kievit, A. J. A., Premi, E., Cosseddu, M., Bonomi, E., Olives, J., Rohrer, J. D., Sanchez-Valle, R., Borroni, B., Bron, E. E., Van Swieten, J. C., Papma, J. M., Klein, S., Afonso, S., Almeida, M. R., Anderl-Straub, S., Andersson, C., Antonell, A., Archetti, S., Arighi, A., Balasa, M., Barandiaran, M., Bargallo, N., Bartha, R., Bender, B., Black, S., Butler, C., Bocchetta, M., Borrego-Ecija, S., Bras, J., Bruffaerts, R., Caroppo, P., Cash, D., Castelo-Branco, M., Convery, R., Cope, T., Danek, A., De Arriba, M., De Mendonca, A., Di Fede, G., Diaz, Z., Ducharme, S., Duro, D., Fenoglio, C., Ferreira, C. B., Finger, E., Flanagan, T., Fox, N., Freedman, M., Fumagalli, G., Gabilondo, A., Galimberti, D., Gasparotti, R., Gauthier, S., Gazzina, S., Gerhard, A., Giaccone, G., Gorostidi, A., Graff, C., Greaves, C., Guerreiro, R., Heller, C., Hoegen, T., Indakoetxea, B., Jelic, V., Karnath, H. -O., Keren, R., Laforce, R., Leitao, M. J., Levin, J., Llado, A., Loosli, S., Maruta, C., Masellis, M., Mead, S., Miltenberger, G., Van Minkelenm Sara Mitchell, R., Moore, K., Moreno, F., Nicholas, J., Oijerstedt, L., Otto, M., Ourselin, S., Padovani, A., Peakman, G., Pijnenburg, Y., Polito, C., Prioni, S., Prix, C., Rademakers, R., Redaelli, V., Rittman, T., Rogaeva, E., Rosa-Neto, P., Rossi, G., Rosser, M., Rowe, J., Santana, I., Santiago, B., Scarpini, E., Schonecker, S., Shafei, E. S. R., Shoesmith, C., Synofzik, M., Tabuas-Pereira, M., Tagliavini, F., Tartaglia, C., Tainta, M., Taipa, R., Tang-Wai, D., Thomas, D. L., Thonberg, H., Timberlake, C., Tiraboschi, P., Todd, E., Vandamme, P., Vandenberghe, R., Vandenbulcke, M., Veldsman, M., Verdelho, A., Villanua, J., Warren, J., Wilkeione, C., Elisabeth, W., Henrik, W., Zulaica, Z. M., Neurology, Physics and medical technology, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Genetics, and Medical Research Council
- Subjects
Male ,Oncology ,Disease ,Neuropsychological Tests ,GENFI consortium investigators ,Primary progressive aphasia ,Cognition ,Progranulins ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neurofilament Proteins ,BEHAVIORAL VARIANT ,HETEROGENEITY ,Gray Matter ,11 Medical and Health Sciences ,Language ,Psychiatry ,0303 health sciences ,Brain ,Middle Aged ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,White Matter ,17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Phenotype ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Frontotemporal Dementia ,Disease Progression ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Frontotemporal dementia ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Clinical Neurology ,EVENT-BASED MODEL ,Grey matter ,Lateralization of brain function ,White matter ,03 medical and health sciences ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Internal medicine ,NEUROFILAMENT LIGHT-CHAIN ,medicine ,Humans ,LOBAR DEGENERATION ,PROGRANULIN ,Aged ,030304 developmental biology ,Science & Technology ,Neurology & Neurosurgery ,business.industry ,DISEASE PROGRESSION ,medicine.disease ,Mutation ,WHITE-MATTER INTEGRITY ,Surgery ,Neurosciences & Neurology ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,GENFI ,Biomarkers ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Progressive disease - Abstract
ObjectiveProgranulin-related frontotemporal dementia (FTD-GRN) is a fast progressive disease. Modelling the cascade of multimodal biomarker changes aids in understanding the aetiology of this disease and enables monitoring of individual mutation carriers. In this cross-sectional study, we estimated the temporal cascade of biomarker changes for FTD-GRN, in a data-driven way.MethodsWe included 56 presymptomatic and 35 symptomatic GRN mutation carriers, and 35 healthy non-carriers. Selected biomarkers were neurofilament light chain (NfL), grey matter volume, white matter microstructure and cognitive domains. We used discriminative event-based modelling to infer the cascade of biomarker changes in FTD-GRN and estimated individual disease severity through cross-validation. We derived the biomarker cascades in non-fluent variant primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA) and behavioural variant FTD (bvFTD) to understand the differences between these phenotypes.ResultsLanguage functioning and NfL were the earliest abnormal biomarkers in FTD-GRN. White matter tracts were affected before grey matter volume, and the left hemisphere degenerated before the right. Based on individual disease severities, presymptomatic carriers could be delineated from symptomatic carriers with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 96.1%. The estimated disease severity strongly correlated with functional severity in nfvPPA, but not in bvFTD. In addition, the biomarker cascade in bvFTD showed more uncertainty than nfvPPA.ConclusionDegeneration of axons and language deficits are indicated to be the earliest biomarkers in FTD-GRN, with bvFTD being more heterogeneous in disease progression than nfvPPA. Our data-driven model could help identify presymptomatic GRN mutation carriers at risk of conversion to the clinical stage.
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- 2021
5. Heat Transfer from Constant Heat Flux Cylindrical Wall to Liquid Flow through Packed Beds.(Dept.M)
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Ahmed Sultan, Ahmed, primary and El-Shafei, E., additional
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- 2021
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6. Nano BEA zeolite catalysts for the selective catalytic cracking of n-dodecane to light olefins
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Nasser, Galal A., primary, Ahmed, M. H. M., additional, Firdaus, Mochamad A., additional, Sanhoob, Mohammed A., additional, Bakare, Idris A., additional, Al-Shafei, E. N., additional, Al-Bahar, M. Z., additional, Al-Jishi, A. N., additional, Yamani, Z. H., additional, Choi, Ki-Hyouk, additional, and Muraza, Oki, additional
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- 2021
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7. NURBS-based modeling of laminated composite beams with isogeometric displacement-only theory
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Faroughi, S., Shafei, E., Eriksson, Anders, Faroughi, S., Shafei, E., and Eriksson, Anders
- Abstract
This paper develops a formulation for displacement-only beam elements based on isogeometric analysis, with intended application to laminated composite members. The main purpose of the current study was to overcome some deficiencies of commonly used beam theories, such as shear-locking, the lacking relevance of isotropic materials for multi-layer composites, the incompatibility with other continuum elements, and the limited continuity in interpolation. A bi-variable non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) beam element with complete plane-stress elasticity terms and geometrical expressions was developed. Shear-locking, interlaminar stresses, the deep-beam situation, and vibration features were evaluated for several aspect ratios, ply orientations, and NURBS degrees, in order to verify the efficiency and accuracy. h-, p- and k-refinements were used to improve the displacement field. The validity of the solutions was measured based on results from plane-stress finite element analysis, and compared to the alternative Carrera unified formulation. Results show that the isogeometric displacement-only beam theory can provide the interlaminar stress distribution, gives high accuracy for mid and high-range eigen-frequencies, and avoids the shear-locking phenomenon., QC 20190321
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- 2019
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8. Isogeometric Stress, Vibration and Stability Analysis of In-Plane Laminated Composite Structures
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Faroughi, S., primary, Shafei, E., additional, and Schillinger, D., additional
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- 2018
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9. Seismic Response Evaluation of Reinforced High Strength Concrete Columns based on the Modified Constitutive Model.
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Vahid-Vahdattalab, F., Rahmdel, J. Mokari, and Shafei, E.
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SEISMIC response ,REINFORCED concrete ,COLUMNS ,HIGH strength concrete ,CYCLIC loads - Abstract
Current study deals with strength and seismic ductility assessment of reinforced high strength concrete (HSC) columns. We have studied the nonlinear response of HSC columns with various reinforcement and axial force ratios subjected to cyclic loading. Study consists of primary verification of mathematical nonlinear model and further calibration to ensure accuracy. An existing experimental work is assumed as verification pilot that consists of four columns. Column members differ in the strength and axial force. Concrete has 63.1 MPa mean strength and 0.3% crushing strain. The longitudinal and transverse reinforcements are according to ACI 318 regulations in experiment. We used the nonlinear fiber-element code in OpenSees environment for modeling and analysis of models. The existing proposed stress-strain curve is modified to ensure validity of assessment. Calibration procedure led to conclusion that the post-yield slope needs to be modified in HSC model as the average value of ACI 363 reference. We have developed twelve extra models to estimate the interaction of concrete strength, rebar ratio and the axial force effect on the seismic performance. Parametric study of calibrated models reveals that the seismic energy dissipation in HSC members is function of the provided longitudinal reinforcement ratio and lateral confining stirrup amount. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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10. Simple antireflux technique for the cologastric anastomosis: complementary step in retrosternal colon interposition procedure
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Abdel-Latif, M., primary, El-Shafei, E. A., additional, El-Asmar, K. M., additional, and Abdel-Hay, S., additional
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- 2015
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11. Simple antireflux technique for the cologastric anastomosis: complementary step in retrosternal colon interposition procedure.
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Abdel-Latif, M., El-Shafei, E. A., El-Asmar, K. M., and Abdel-Hay, S.
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ESOPHAGOGASTRIC junction , *SURGICAL anastomosis , *SYMPTOMS , *MEDICAL radiology , *SURGICAL complications , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials - Abstract
Gastrocolic reflux is a troublesome symptom causing repeated aspiration or chocking in patients underwent retrosternal colon interposition. Various techniques were described to avoid such complication, however, they entail complicated technique that may jeopardize the viability of the graft or cause obstructing symptoms. A simple antireflux procedure is described here alleviating this problem. Over the last 7 years, 87 patients had gastrocolic antireflux procedure for cologastric anastomosis; 75 patients as a primary procedure (group 1) and 12 patients as a secondary procedure treating symptomatic reflux (group 2). The technique entails the creation of cologastric angle after finishing the cologastric anastomosis by applying three stitches between the colon and the stomach, thus tucking the colon to the stomach for 3-4 cm. Gastrocolic reflux was evaluated clinically and radiologically 3 months postoperatively. In group 1, three cases (4%) suffered symptomatic gastrocolic reflux, and seven cases (9.3%) had radiological asymptomatic mild reflux, while all patients in group 2 had complete alleviation of their symptoms with gastrogram showing no reflux. Gastrocolic reflux can be treated simply by creation of cologastric angle; however, controlled trial is needed to confirm its effectiveness in comparison to other described techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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12. Study of the nano-structured zeolite for hydrocarbon cracking
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Al-Shafei, E. N., Muraza, O., Choi, K. -H, Zain Yamani, Sanhoob, M. A., Abdullah, M. A., Punetha, A. K., and Alnaser, A. S.
13. An optimum design of an ultrasonic transducer array for medical imaging
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El-Sherbiny, S.M., primary and Shafei, E., additional
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14. An optimum design of an ultrasonic transducer array for medical imaging.
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El-Sherbiny, S.M. and Shafei, E.
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- 1998
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15. Enhancing refinery heavy oil fractions analytical performance through real-time predicative modeling.
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Al-Shafei E, Aljishi A, Albahar M, Alnasir A, and Aljishi M
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This study introduces a suite of robust models aimed to advance the determination of physiochemical properties in heavy oil refinery fractions. By integrating real-time analytical technique inside the refinery analysis, we have developed a single analyzer capable of employing six partial least square regression equations. These designed models enable to provide real-time prediction of critical petroleum properties, such as sulfur content, micro carbon residues (MCR), asphaltene content, heating value, and the concentrations of nickel and vanadium metals. Specifically tailored for heavy oil in refinery feeds with an American petroleum institute (API) gravity range of 3° to 32° and sulfur content of 2.8 to 5.5 wt%, the models streamline the analysis process within refinery operations, bridging the gap between catalytic and non-catalytic processes across refinery units. The accuracy of our physiochemical prediction models has been validated against American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards, demonstrating their capability to deliver precise real-time property values. This approach not only enhances the efficiency of refinery analysis but also sets a new standard for the monitoring and optimization of heavy oil processing in real-time approach., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry.)
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- 2024
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16. Enhancing CO and H 2 Production in Propane Dry Reforming in Excess of CO 2 .
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Al-Shafei E, Aljishi M, Alasseel A, Al-ShaikhAli AH, and Albahar M
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This study focuses on addressing the challenges in the dry reforming of propane, a process historically marked by low syngas yields and only moderate conversions of CO
2 and propane. The primary objective was to enhance CO2 utilization and boost the selectivity of syngas (CO and H2 ) production using titania-based catalysts. For synthesizing these catalysts, an impregnation method was employed with subsequent characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption, ammonia temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). The titania-based catalysts generally possess weak acidic strength, with each catalyst displaying a unique reduction profile. The dry reforming process using these catalysts resulted in varying levels of propane conversion, with V/Ti, Ir/Ti, Al/Ti, and Zr/Ti catalysts showing distinct efficiencies. Notably, the Ir/Ti and V/Ti oxide catalysts achieved the lowest selectivity for generating intermediate byproducts such as methane, ethane, ethylene, and propylene while successfully promoting higher syngas CO and H2 production alongside stable propane conversion. When exposed to excess CO2 , each catalyst consumed differing amounts of CO2 molecules. Particularly, the Ir/Ti and V/Ti oxide catalysts demonstrated enhanced activity in promoting CO2 reactions with intermediate radical species, facilitating carbon-carbon (C-C) bond dissociation and leading to increased syngas production. This study offers valuable insights into the potential of titania-based catalysts in improving the efficiency and selectivity of propane dry reforming processes for blue hydrogen., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)- Published
- 2024
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17. Closed Gastroschisis.
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Abdel-Latif M, Soliman MH, El-Asmar KM, Abdel-Sattar M, Abdelraheem IM, and El-Shafei E
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Closed gastroschisis is a rare entity usually associated with intestinal atresia and short bowel syndrome. We report two cases of closed gastroschisis presenting with neonatal intestinal obstruction and para-umbilical evisceration without an abdominal defect.
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- 2017
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18. Surgical aspects of inflammatory bowel diseases in pediatric and adolescent age groups.
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El-Asmar K, El-Shafei E, Abdel-Latif M, AbouZeid A, and El-Behery M
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- Adolescent, Anal Canal surgery, Child, Child, Preschool, Colitis, Ulcerative complications, Colonic Pouches, Crohn Disease complications, Female, Humans, Ileostomy, Infant, Intestinal Mucosa surgery, Male, Patient Care Team, Proctocolectomy, Restorative, Colitis, Ulcerative surgery, Crohn Disease surgery
- Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasingly encountered in children. Early disease is associated with higher complication rate with increased incidence of surgical intervention., Patients and Methods: From January 2010 to June 2015, 25 patients in the pediatric and adolescent age groups with IBD underwent surgical intervention in our center. They were classified into two groups. Group I included 15 patients with ulcerative colitis where 5 cases had left colon disease underwent left colectomy, while 10 cases had pancolonic disease underwent total colectomy and anal mucosectomy with ileo-anal or ileal pouch-anal anastomosis with covering ileostomy. Group II included 10 cases with Crohn's disease where the indications for surgery were intestinal obstruction in seven cases, fulminant perianal infection with septic shock in one, perianal fistula and ulcers in one, and growth failure due to resistant intestinal fistula in one., Results: Group I included eight males and seven females; mean age at surgery was 10.6 years. There were postoperative complications in seven cases in the form of pelvic abscess and wound infection in one, wound infection in two, and recurrent pouchitis in four cases. Group II contained eight males and two females; mean age at surgery was 6.6 years. Two cases had recurrent symptoms after stricturoplasty. The mean length of time from diagnosis to surgery was 2.4 years (ranging from 6 to 36 months)., Conclusion: A multidisciplinary team is mandatory for proper management of IBD cases. The risk of the disease and the expected surgical complications determine the timing of surgical interference.
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- 2016
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19. The radiological assessment of colonic replacement of the esophagus in children: A review of 43 cases.
- Author
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AbouZeid AA, Mohammad SA, Rawash LM, Radwan AB, El-Asmar KM, and El-Shafei E
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- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Deglutition Disorders diagnostic imaging, Esophageal Stenosis diagnostic imaging, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux diagnostic imaging, Humans, Infant, Male, Radiography, Colon diagnostic imaging, Colon surgery, Esophagus diagnostic imaging, Esophagus surgery, Postoperative Complications diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Purpose: To define the characteristic radiological features following colonic replacement of the esophagus in children., Materials and Methods: The upper gastro-intestinal contrast studies of 43 patients who underwent colonic replacement of the esophagus at our pediatric surgery unit were available for analysis. UGI contrast studies were performed routinely in the post-surgical period in 17 cases (first asymptomatic group), while the rest of contrast studies (26) belonged to a second group of out-patients complaining of dysphagia (18) or dyspepsia (8) following colonic replacement of the esophagus. Based on our observations, we proposed a grading system to describe the degree of colonic redundancy in the thorax., Results: Redundancy of the colonic conduit in the thoracic cavity was a common radiological finding (62.8%). The redundancy was mild (grade 1) in 18 patients, moderate (grade 2) in eight, and severe (grade 3) in only one patient. In 88.9%, the redundancy was in the right hemi-thorax. Patients presenting with postoperative dysphagia had a stricture at the site of the esophago-colic anastomosis in the neck, which should be differentiated from other sites of anatomical narrowing at the inlet and outlet of the thoracic cavity. Gastro-colic reflux was common among patients who underwent colonic replacement of the esophagus without an anti-reflux procedure., Conclusion: Colonic replacement of the esophagus in children results in considerable anatomical alterations. Knowledge about the normal post-surgical changes and imaging features of the commonly encountered complications can increase the diagnostic confidence among radiologists and clinicians when dealing with these cases., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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