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Glyceroglycolipids and antialgal activity were used as the main indexes to identify the glyceroglycolipid extracts of marine macroalgae with significant antialgal activity from 6 species of marine macroalgae—Codium fragile, Neoporphyra haitanensis, Sargassum fusiforme, Saccharina japonica, Silvetia siliquosa and Undaria pinnatifida. The extracts of all tested algae contained glyceroglycolipids and exhibited antialgal activity against Karenia mikimotoi and Phaeocystis globosa. Further, by antialgal activity bioassay-guided fractionation method in combination with extraction and partitioning as well as multi-chromatography, two glyceroglycolipids with antialgal activity, 1-O-palmitoyl-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl glycerol and 1-O-palmitoyl-2-O-oleoyl-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl glycerol, were isolated for the first time from N. haitanensis and S. siliquosa, respectively. There were no glyceroglycolipids with antialgal activity in the other four macroalgae.

Accurate prediction of pressure gradient in gas wells is the theoretical basis of gas well performance analysis, production optimization and deliquification technologies design. Experiment is the best access to characterize the flow behavior of gas wells. For low-pressure experimental investigation and gas wells, the most difference is the pressure (gas density), which could lead to totally different flow behavior. Dimensionless numbers are often used in the flow pattern maps to account for the flow similarities at different conditions, which means liquid holdup in the high pressure can be also predicted at low pressure conditions if we choose proper dimensionless numbers for pressure scaling up. However, no studies have focused on this point before. Besides, gas wells have high GLR, most empirical models were intended to developed for oil wells, which have greater weight in low GLR, decreasing the accuracy in gas wells. In order to predict the pressure gradient in horizontal gas wells, an experimental investigation of gas-water flow has been conducted. The experimental test matrix was designed to cover all the flow patterns. The experiment was conducted in a 5-m long pipe. The liquid holdup and pressure gradient were measured. Subsequently, the effect of gas velocity, liquid velocity, pipe diameter, and inclined angle on liquid holdup was analyzed. Then the dimensionless numbers proposed in the literature have been investigated and analyzed for pressure scaling up. Finally, a comprehensive model was established, which is developed for prediction pressure drop in gas wells. Some field and experimental data were provided to evaluate the new model. The results show that the Duns-Ros dimensionless number was not proper for pressure scaling up while the Hewitt-Robert Number performs best. Compared to widely used pressure gradient models with field data, the new model with Hewitt-Robert Number performed best, which shows that it is capable of dealing with prediction of pressure gradient in gas wells.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the main pathophysiology of PCOS. Previous studies have shown that 4G/5G polymorphism in promoter region of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene(PAI-1) can affect insulin sensitivity by elevating the level and activity of plasma PAI-1, involved in the formation of IR. In order to elucidate the relationship between 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1 gene and PCOS, we used transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) to study the nuclear family of PCOS. Purpose: This study used family-based analysis of TDT to determine whether an association exists between 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1 gene and PCOS and in Han Chinese in order to identify PAI-1 gene as a genetic susceptibility factor for PCOS. Methods: Eight hundred and fifty-five participants consisting of 285 trios (mother, father and offspring with PCOS) were recruited from the Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, from July 2007 to August 2014. 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1 gene was genotyped using direct sequencing protocol and TDT was used to analyze the association between PAI-1 gene and PCOS. Results: Though the 5G allele in PAI-1 gene was overtransmitted in families, no statistical significance existed and there was no association between PAI-1 gene and PCOS. The levels of FINS, HOMA-IR and TG were significantly different between obese and lean PCOS and the parents.Conclusion: No significant evidence of association or linkage was found between 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1 gene and PCOS, indicating that PAI-1 gene was unlikely to play a major role in the etiology of PCOS in our sample.

Introducing anchoring materials into cathodes for Li–S batteries has been demonstrated as an effective way to overcome the shuttle effect and enhance the cycling stability. In this work, the anchoring effects of 2H-MoS2 and 1T'-MoS2 monolayers for Li–S batteries were investigated by using density functional theory calculations. It was found that the binding energies of Li2Sx absorbed on 1T'-MoS2 monolayer are in the range of 0.31–2.94 eV, which is much higher than on the 2H-phase. The 1T'-MoS2 monolayer shows stronger trapping ability for Li2Sx than the 2H-MoS2 monolayer. The 1T'-MoS2 monolayer can be used as effective anchoring material in cathodes for Li–S batteries.

MoS2 has been considered as a potential alternative to Pt-based catalysts in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the presence of the inactive in-plane domains limits their intrinsic electrocatalytic activity of the catalyst. Here, we demonstrate a new approach for activating these inactive sites and therefore dramatically enhancing the activity. We discover that decorating single Ni atom on MoS2 can increase the HER activity in both alkaline and acidic conditions. Experimental and theoretical results indicate that single Ni atom modifiers are inclined to single dispersion in the S-edge sites and H-basal sites of MoS2, resulting in a favorable change in the adsorption behavior of H atoms on their neighboring S atoms and subsequently the HER activity. Consequently, the single-Ni-atom decorated MoS2 (NiSA-MoS2) achieved cathodic current density of 10 mA cm−2 at overpotentials of 98 mV and 110 mV in 1 M KOH and 0.5 M H2SO4, respectively. The dispersion of the Ni single atoms in the NiSA-MoS2 is unaffected upon 2000 cycles in both acidic and alkaline conditions. This single atom decorating approach presents a facile and promising pathway for designing active electrocatalysts for energy conversion and storage.

Monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is considered to be a promising catalyst for replacing noble metals for the large-scale production of hydrogen through the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the catalytic activity sites are located at the limited edges and massive inert sites in the basal plane. Triggering the basal plane catalytic activity for the HER is desired to improve the catalytic behavior of monolayer MoS2. In this work, we studied the catalytic behavior of the grain boundaries (GBs) in monolayer MoS2 using first-principle calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). The results show that the Gibbs free energy for hydrogen adsorption on MoS2 can be greatly reduced from 1.93 eV on pristine MoS2 to 0.01 eV on MoS2 with GBs, which indicate that the presence of GBs in the MoS2 monolayer can trigger the basal plane catalytic activity for the HER. The S vacancy, the bridge site of the Mo-Mo dimer, and the top site of the S atom of the S-S dimer are the catalytically active sites. GBs could be a general way to generate new active sites in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides, thus providing a new routine to improve the catalytic efficiency for the HER.

In recent years, financial towns all over the world came into being. Based on the urban data of financial towns, this paper analyzes the factors that influence the agglomeration of financial indust...

Exploring efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen production with non-noble metals and earth-abundant elements is a promising pathway for achieving practical electrochemical water splitting. In this work, the electronic properties and catalytic activity of monolayer SnSe2(1−x)S2x (x = 0–1) under compressive and tensile strain were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) computations. The results showed SnSe2(1−x)S2x alloys with continuously changing bandgaps from 0.8 eV for SnSe2 to 1.59 eV for SnS2. The band structure of a SnSe2(1−x)S2x monolayer can be further tuned by applied compressive and tensile strain. Moreover, tensile strain provides a direct approach to improve the catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on the basal plane of the SnSe2(1−x)S2x monolayer. SnSeS and SnSe0.5S1.5 monolayers showed the best catalytic activity for HER at a tensile strain of 10%. This work provides a design for improved catalytic activity of the SnSe2(1-x)S2x monolayer.

The microstructure and mechanical properties of as-homogenized 6061 aluminum alloy with 0.2wt.% Er were investigated. The microstructures of the as-casted and homogenized alloys were analyzed using optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used to analyze the phase chemical composition. The results showed that the homogenizing treatment had a significant influence on the precipitate morphology of the alloy. With increasing homogenization temperature, the long strip-like Fe-rich grain distributed on the boundary phase became discontinuous and sparseness, transforming to short rod and granular shape. In addition, the Fe-rich phase with a large fish-bone structure became smaller. During homogenizing treatment, a large number of dispersive Mg2Si phase appeared inside grains, and large number of the phases containing Er were dissolved into the matrix.

Background: Primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that primarily affects the exocrine glands, which is involved in gastrointestinal unavoidably. Once intestinal flora imbalance, it will have a major impact on health. The Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth test (SIBO) is an important method for detecting bacterial growth in the small intestine. Objectives: To investigate the difference in the positive rate of SIBO between disease active and stable patients with pSS, and to retrospectively analyze the correlation between disease activity and SIBO. Methods: Total 51 patients with pSS diagnosed and treated in our hospital were selected as subjects of this study from October 2018 to December 2018, according to the PSS Disease Activity Rating System (SSDAI) scores. They were divided into Group A: active period (point≥5 points), 25 cases and group B: stable period (point Results: The positive rate of SIBO in patients with active pSS was significantly higher than that in stable phase, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.026), as shown in Table 1. The two groups were compared with H2MaX or CH4MaX, and the Mann-Whitney U test results were statistically significant (P=0.001, P=0.006), as shown in Table 2. Conclusion: SIBO positive rate was significant correlations to pSS disease activity. So, correcting intestinal flora imbalance combined with conventional treatment may bring greater benefits to patients with Sjogren’s syndrome. References [1] LazarosI,Sakkas,Theodora,Simopoulou,Dimitrios,Daoussis,Stamatis-Nick, Liossis, Spyros, Potamianos.Intestinal Involvement in Systemic Sclerosis: A Clinical Review. [J]. Digestive diseases and sciences,2018,63(4):834-844. [2] Hongjun, Zhao,Lijuan, Zhao,Wei, Shi,Hui, Luo,Liping, Duan,Yunhui, You,Yisha, Li,Xiaoxia, Zuo.Is it bowel-associated dermatosis-arthritis syndrome induced by small intestinal bacteria overgrowth?[J].SpringerPlus,2016,5(1):1551. [3] Coyte KZ, Schluter J, Foster KR. The ecology of the microbiome:Networks, competition, and stability [J]. Science, 2015, 350(6261): 663-666. [4] Schirmer M, Smeekens SP, Vlamakis H, et al. Anticancer Immunotherapy by CTLA-4 blockade relies on the gut microbiota Commensal Bifidobacterium promotes antitumor immunity and Convenience anti-PD-L1 efficacy [J]. Cell, 2016, 167 (4):1125-1136. [5] Neuman H, Koren O. The gut microbiota: a possible factor Influencing systemic lupus erythematosus [J]. Curr Opin Rheumatol, 2017, 29 (4) : 374-377. Disclosure of Interests: None declared

Manganese (Mn) as an environmental risk factor of Parkinson's disease (PD) is considered to cause manganism. Mitophagy is thought to play a key role in elimination the injured mitochondria. The goal of this paper was to explore whether the PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is activated and its role in Mn-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death in SH-SY5Y cells. Here, we investigated effects of MnCl2 on ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP/ΔΨm) and apoptosis by FACS and examined PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy by western-blotting and the co-localization of mitochondria and acidic lysosomes. Further, we explore the role of mitophagy in Mn-induced apoptosis by inhibition the mitophagy by knockdown Parkin level. Results show that MnCl2 dose-dependently caused ΔΨm decrease, ROS generation and apoptosis of dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, Mn could induce mitophagy and PINK1/Parkin-mediated pathway was activated in SH-SY5Y cells. Transient transfection of Parkin siRNA knockdown the expressing level of parkin inhibited Mn-induced mitophagy and aggravated apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that Mn may induce PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, which may exert significant neuro-protective effect against Mn-induced dopaminergic neuronal cells apoptosis.

To screen potential biomarkers of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-induced lung cancer, the proteomic profiles of BaP-transformed 16HBE cell line T-16HBE-C1 cells serum-free culture supernatant and xenografted nude mice sera were compared with those of 16HBE group by utilizing label-free quantitative proteomic strategy. By employing nano-LC-MS/MS technology followed by MaxQuant and Perseus processing, 489 differentially expressed proteins were identified between T-16HBE-C1 and 16HBE cells serum-free culture supernatant, and 49 significantly up-regulated proteins were identified in T-16HBE-C1 xenografted nude mice sera. Three proteins neuropilin-2 (NRP2), clusterin (CLU) and A-kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12) were up-regulated in the serum-free culture supernatant of T-16HBE-C1 cells. These 3 human proteins were present in the sera of nude mice xenografted with T-16HBE-C1 cells, but were undetectable in mice xenografted with 16HBE cells. The proteomic results of NRP2 and AKAP12 were confirmed by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. Moreover, the serum NRP2 levels were significantly elevated at the 4th day after tumor cell implantation and showed good positive correlation with tumor growth characterized by tumor volume. In conclusion, serum NRP2, CLU and AKAP12 could be potential biomarkers of BaP-induced lung cancer. The proteomic results will gain deeper insights into the mechanisms of BaP-induced carcinogenesis.

Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), maximally absorbed in the wavelength region of 310–360 nm, are widely distributed in algae, phytoplankton and microorganisms, as a class of possible multi-functional compounds. In this work, based on the Web of Science, Springer, Google Scholar, and China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), we have summarized and analyzed the studies related to MAAs in marine macroalgae over the past 30 years (1990–2019), mainly focused on MAAs distribution, contents, and types. It was confirmed that 572 species marine macroalgae contained MAAs, namely in 45 species of Chlorophytes, 41 species of Phaeophytes, and 486 species of Rhodophytes, and they respectively belonged to 28 orders. On this basis, we established an open online database to quickly retrieve MAAs in 501 species of marine macroalgae. Furthermore, research concerning MAAs in marine macroalgae were analyzed using CiteSpace. It could easily be seen that the preparation and purification of MAAs in marine macroalgae have not been intensively studied during the past 10 years, and therefore it is necessary to strengthen the research in the preparation and purification of MAA purified standards from marine macroalgae in the future. We agreed that this process is not only interesting, but important due to the potential use of MAAs as food and cosmetics, as well as within the medicine industry.

To observe the effect of acupuncture on the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex and the level of serum interleukin 10 (IL-10) in rats with depression, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of depression.Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, model, acupuncture, and medication (Fluoxetine, Flu) (After modeling, the sucrose consumption, the crossing numbers and rearing times, hippocampal GFAP protein expression and serum IL-10 content were significantly decreased and prefrontal GFAP protein expression was up-regulated markedly in the model group relevant to the control group (Acupuncture intervention plays a positive role in anti-depression in rats, which may be related to its effects in regulating the expression of GFAP in the hippocampal and prefrontal astrocytes, and in increasing the content of serum anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.

Recently, refl ectionless or low-refl ection surfaces made of subwavelength structures have been of broad interest in practical engineering. Here, a single-layer terahertz metasurface is proposed to produce ultralow refl ections across a broad-frequency spectrum and wide incidence angles by controlling the refl ection phases of subwavelength structures. To enable full control of the phase range in a continuous band, a combination of two different subwavelength elements are employed, both of which exhibit weak interactions with the incident terahertz waves, thereby showing high local refl ectivities near the operating frequency. An optimization method is utilized to determine the array pattern with the minimum overall refl ections under the illumination of plane waves. Both numerical simulations and experimental results demonstrate ultralow refl ections of terahertz waves by the metasurface over a broad frequency band and wide incidence angles. By using the proposed metasurface, the far-fi eld scattering patterns of metallic objects can be effi ciently controlled, which opens up a new route for low-refl ection surface designs in the terahertz spectrum.

Baby raising is not only related to psychology or pedagogy seeking for the “best” and “evidence-based” practices but it is embedded in particular cultural practices. Family interaction in baby raising is a process of cultural transmission influenced by family members’ position in the social structure. The present study focused on how two generations resolve the intergenerational conflicts and transmit their value orientations when grandparents are involved in baby raising. Ten typical families are sampled according to family background and conflict coping style. It was found that in Chinese families, the intergenerational conflict about baby raising is essentially a struggle for family authority to define the boundaries of different role identity, where the generation having a higher position in the social structure has more possibilities to gain authority and therefore the chance to transmit their value orientations in raising young babies.

The thermal performance of perforated brick is affected by various factors, thermal conductivity, the holes rates, the pass design and etc. included. In order to analyze the impact of the pass design on the thermal performance of bidirectional thermal insulation bricks, the two-dimensional finite element model was developed using ANSYS. The simulated result shows that existence of vertical holes can enhance the thermal resistance in the longer dimension of the perforated brick. Under the condition of the same holes rates, narrowing the width of the vertical holes helps to improve the thermal resistance in the shorter dimension of the perforated brick. The function of these blocks are extremely influenced by the distribution of the vertical holes, the concentrated better than the both-sided when it comes to advancing the whole function.

A metasurface for Radar Cross Section (RCS) reduction is proposed. The surface is composed of the same type of metamaterial units with difierent geometric dimensions, leading to various re∞ection phases under the incidence of plane waves. By carefully choosing the phase distributions, difiusion will be produced for the re∞ected waves which may redistribute the scattering energy from the surface toward all the directions, and hence it can be applied as the coating of metallic targets with ultra-low RCS. Both the simulated and experimental results have validated the proposed method.

Jacket-type platforms may be the most common type of offshore structures, and damage localization and severity estimation is important for these structures. This paper employs a multi-hierarchical damage identification method based on BP neural network to detect damages in jacket platforms. Firstly, the damaged storey of the jacket is detected, and the numbers of the elements among the detected storey are then detected. According to this method, the learning samples can be more targeted and the number can be reduced largely. In the end, a jacket model is used to investigate the performance of this method, and the results indicate that this approach is more effective and has higher accuracy than direct diagnosis method.

This paper uses the principle and theory of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to research application effectiveness of educational equipment. Seven decision elements are got by experts of the relevant field and the weight measurement is calculated via pair-wise comparison of two decision elements based on Delphi. Then this paper uses AHP to evaluate the application effectiveness of educational equipment comprehensively, and gives out the best solution according to the three evaluation results.

Nowadays, damping is still the important dynamic characteristic that is the least understood and the most difficult to quantify. The advantage of the proposed damping matrix identification method is that several low order complex modes achieved by Experimental Modal Analysis (EMA) are capable of calculation precision. In order to identify the damping matrix, this paper also proposes a general damping matrix decompositon technique, which can be used in the situation that different parts of the structure have different damping. Then a five-story frame structure is applied to demonstrate the proposed method ,and the results obtained show the suitability of this approach for damping matrix identification in frame structures.

Backgroud and Purpose: Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is an uncommon, aggressive form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Optimal therapeutic strategies have not been fully defined yet. We reported the outcome of P-Gemox for the treatment of chemotherapy-naïve, refractory ENKTL in 2013 ASH meeting at the first time. Although several clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and tolerability of P-Gemox, we collected and anlyzed the real-world data of P-Gemox in Chinese patients with ENKTL. Patients and methods All cases with ENKTL from 2008 to 2017 were analyzed retrospectively P-Gemox were as follows: gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2; day 1,8; oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 day 1, pegaspargase 2000-2500 U/m2 im day1. The regimen was repeated every 3 weeks. For newly diagnosed stage I/II patients, P-Gemox regimen was administered as induction chemotherapy for 4-6cycles and followed by involved-field radiotherapy or with"sandwiched" radiotherapy/chemotherapy. Furthermore autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) was recommended to chemo-sensitive refractory/relapsed patients as consolidation. All patients come to hospital regularly. Results: 267 patients with ENKTL were treated at the 10 institutions, in the department of Oncology or hematology in China between 2008 and 2017. Patient characteristics are summarized in Table 1. All patients received P-Gemox regimen, 209 patients (78.2%) as first-line therapy and 46 patients (22.0%) as second-line therapy. The median number of treatment cycles was 4.6(1-8) in the first line, 3.3 (2-6) in the second line, 243 patients were evaluable for response. The overall response (OR) rate was 84.8% (206/243), with a complete remission (CR) rate of 59.3% (144/243) (Table2). After the median follow-up time was 43.5 months (range, 1.5-101 months). The median OS of whole group was not reached, the median PFS was 61.0 months. The OS and PFS of the newly diagnosed patients is superior to refractory and relapsed patients (Fig1 A, B, P50%) of rates of grade 1 and 2 adverse events were as follows: hypoproteinemia, 74.1%, neutropenia, 64.4%, fibrinogenopenia 56.2%, transaminase elevated, 52.8%. Grade 3 and 4 adverse reactions (>10%) were thrombocytopenia, 29.2%, neutropenia, 27.7%(Table 3) . Conclusion: P-Gemox regimen followed by EIFRT yielded promising results for patients with stage I/II ENKTL. While for advanced or refractory/relapsed patients, P-Gemox was still unsatisfied . ASCT consolidation for good responders may improve the longterm outcom. Toxicity was moderate and tolerable. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

The paper is aimed to search more natural plant antioxidants and further research and develop new medicinal plant resources in Guizhou. The Guizhou special miao medicine "bod zangd dak" was extracted with 60% ethanol. The antioxidant activity of the different polarity components separated from the extract was tested by DPPH method with ascorbic acid as positive control. The results showed that the IC50 of the different polarity components was as following: ascorbic acid (0.033 4 g x L(-1))ethyl acetate components (0.052 3 g x L(-1))total tannins components (0.054 9 g x L(-1))60% ethanol extraction components (0.076 7 g x L(-1))butanol extraction components (0.110 g x L(-1))water-soluble polysaccharides components (0.168 g x L(-1))water extraction components (0.174 g x L(-1))water components after extraction (0.226 g x L(-1))total polysaccharides components (0.645 g x L(-1)). It is concluded that the different polarity components have different free radical scavenging activity and that provides a scientific basis for further search of the active ingredients and the activive mechanism.

A broadband and broad-angle low-scattering metasurface is designed, fabricated, and characterized. Based on the optimization algorithm and far-field scattering pattern analysis, we propose a rapid and efficient method to design metasurfaces, which avoids the large amount of time-consuming electromagnetic simulations. Full-wave simulation and measurement results show that the proposed metasurface is insensitive to the polarization of incident waves, and presents good scattering-reduction properties for oblique incident waves.