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The experimentally available angular distributions (ADs) for [Formula: see text]Li and [Formula: see text]Ne ions elastically scattered from a [Formula: see text]Mg target are reanalyzed using various nuclear potentials based on phenomenological as well as microscopic approaches. The considered data are [Formula: see text] ADs at [Formula: see text], 88 and 240[Formula: see text]MeV; [Formula: see text] ADs at [Formula: see text], 34 and 88[Formula: see text]MeV; and [Formula: see text] ADs at [Formula: see text], 60, 80, 90 and 100[Formula: see text]MeV. Special emphasis is given on the ([Formula: see text]) and ([Formula: see text]) cluster structures of the 6Li and 7Li weakly bound projectiles, which appear at relatively low energies of [Formula: see text] and 2.468[Formula: see text]MeV, respectively. Furthermore, the [Formula: see text]Ne stable nucleus is a candidate to reveal the [Formula: see text]O cluster structure at an energy of 4.73[Formula: see text]MeV. These systems are analyzed within the framework of the cluster folding model by taking into consideration the aforementioned cluster nature of the 6Li, 7Li and [Formula: see text]Ne projectiles. The adopted approaches fairly reproduced the experimental ADs.

The recently measured elastic scattering angular distributions for 10C + 4He, 10C + 27Al, 10C + 58Ni and 10C + 208Pb nuclear systems are investigated in the current study using various potentials based on phenomenological, semi microscopic as well as microscopic approaches. The implemented potentials are: optical potential, double folding potentials based on both Sao Paulo and CDM3Y6 interactions with and without taking into account the effect of the rearrangement term, as well as the cluster folding potential. The cluster nature of 10C as a core of 9B with a valence proton orbiting this core is applied to generate the cluster folding potentials for the different considered systems. The concerned experimental data is fairly reproduced with all the aforementioned potentials.

Motivating by examining the break-up effect of 7Li projectile into t + α cluster structure in the field of 58Ni nucleus, the available experimental angular distributions for 7Li + 58Ni elastic scattering system at energies ranging from 13 and up to 42 MeV are studied utilizing different phenomenological as well as microscopic potentials. Data analysis utilizing the Sao Paulo potential revealed that in order to reproduce the data, the strength of the real folded potential had to be reduced by ~ 36 %. While, data analysis utilizing the double folding CDM3Y6 potential with and without the rearrangement term revealed that the potential strength needed to be reduced by ~ 63 and 62 %, respectively. Cluster folding model based on the t + α cluster structure for 7Li is applied to reproduce the considered data. Similar results were obtained showing the necessity to reduce real cluster folding potential strength by about 49 %. The reported reduction in potential strength from the different implemented potentials supports the strong 7Li break-up impact. Finally, the full microscopic continuum discretized coupled channels approach is applied with a great success in reproducing the considered data.

Available experimental angular distribution data for 6Li+28Si elastic scattering in the energy range 16 – 318 MeV are re-analyzed phenomenologically on the basis of optical model using Woods-Saxon (WS) potentials for both real and imaginary parts, while the semi microscopic analysis was performed on the basis of cluster folding potential. Cluster folding potential was generated based on the appreciable cluster structure and breakup of 6Li into a deuteron orbiting a core of α-particle. Although several data sets in a wide range of energies are subjected to investigation, the theoretical calculations using the different concerned potentials are fairly reproduced the experimental data in the whole energy range. The extracted real and imaginary volume integrals and reaction cross sections values are compared to the previously reported ones and they found to be in a good agreement

The experimental angular distributions for 20Ne + 16O elastic transfer are reanalyzed using different forms of both phenomenological and semi-microscopic potentials. The significant increase in the cross-sections at the backward hemisphere, due to the contribution of α-cluster transfer, is investigated using the distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) method. The spectroscopic amplitude (SA) for the configuration 20Ne → 16O + α at the different concerned energies is extracted. The agreement between the experimental data and theoretical calculations using the two approaches is reasonably good.

Experimental angular distributions for the weakly bound 9,10Be nuclei elastically scattered from 208Pb target at various energies are investigated using phenomenological and microscopic potentials. The considered data in this study is: 9Be+208Pb in the energy range of 37.0–75.0 MeV and 10Be+208Pb in the energy range of 38.4–43.9 MeV. The performed analysis reflects the nature and peculiarities of the considered projectiles. For the 9Be+208Pb nuclear system, the data showed a typical Fresnel diffraction scattering pattern and the Coulomb rainbow phenomenon is well presented due to the interference between partial waves refracted by the Coulomb and nuclear potentials. The 7Li+d and 9Be+n cluster structures of 9Be and 10Be, respectively are studied. The extracted renormalization factors for the real part of potential constructed on the basis of double folding as well as cluster folding could reflect the nature of the loosely bound projectiles.

In the context of the double folding optical model, the elastic and inelastic scattering of 9Be + 120Sn at Elab (9Be) = 31, 42 and 50 MeV and 9,10,11Be + 64Zn elastic scattering at Ec.m. = 24.5 MeV are investigated. Real folded potentials are generated using the DDM3Y interaction based on the suggested density distributions for the 9,10,11Be nuclei. The imaginary potential is taken in the traditional standard Woods–Saxon form. Coupled channel (CC) calculations using a rotational model are performed for 9Be inelastically scattered from 120Sn, leading to different 120Sn excited states. Successful reproduction of the observed angular distributions of the elastic and inelastic scattering differential cross-sections has been achieved using the derived potentials. Special attention is paid to the previously suggested ( $$ {3}_1^{-} $$ , Ex = 2.40 MeV) 120Sn excited state in order to present the contributions come from - $$ {3}_1^{-} $$ at 2.40030(5) MeV, $$ {2}_3^{+} $$ at 2.42090(3) MeV, $$ {2}_2^{+} $$ at 2.355383(24) MeV, and $$ {4}_1^{+} $$ at 2.465632(23) MeV—in forming the inelastic data observed at Ex = 2.41 MeV.

Available experimental angular distributions for 6Li elastically scattered from 16O nucleus in the energy range 13.0–50.0 MeV are reanalyzed within the framework of optical potential, double folding optical potential as well as cluster folding potential. Special interest was paid to the cluster folding based on the well-known cluster structure of 6Li. Elastic scattering data for 6Li+16O system plotted as a function of momentum transfer showed that the real Coulomb nuclear interference region independent of the bombarding energy. This structural behavior for the data could be used to define the interaction potential with some certainty and to extract reliable values for the renormalization factors.

Using different potentials based on phenomenological, semi microscopic, and microscopic models, we investigated the reaction dynamics induced by the weakly bound 6Li ions on a heavy mass target 208Pb at sixteen energy sets ranging from 25 MeV to 210 MeV. The 6Li cluster nature and its dissociation into a core (α-particle) and a valence particle (deuteron) orbiting this core was taken into consideration using the cluster folding model (CFM). The new version of Sao Paulo potential (SPP2) is also used to investigate 6Li+208Pb data. In order to reproduce the experimental data, the strength of real part of potential created using SPP and CFM should be reduced by ~ 49 % and 62 %, respectively. The data could be well reproduced using non-renormalized real cluster folding potential, if an additional dynamical polarization potential (DPP) of repulsive real surface form is introduced. The observed reduction in the strength of the real double folded and cluster folding potentials is due to the break-up effect of 6Li.

We have investigated the threshold anomaly observed in 7Li + [Formula: see text]Pb nuclear system by analyzing the available 7Li+[Formula: see text]Pb experimental angular distribution measurements. The experimental data for the weakly bound 7Li ions elastically scattered from [Formula: see text]Pb target at 13 energy sets ranging from 25.67 and up to 68[Formula: see text]MeV are subjected to detailed analysis using different interaction potentials created either based on phenomenological, semimicroscopic and microscopic models. The loosely bound nucleus 7Li, possessing a predominant [Formula: see text] cluster structure at 2.468[Formula: see text]MeV, is a good candidate as its break-up reaction studies would help to understand the break-up of the weakly bound unstable radioactive isotopes. In order to observe the break-up effect, reaction cross-sections are extracted and compared with the previously reported ones.

The previously measured angular distributions for 3He elastically and inelastically scattered from 20Ne target at energies 33.4 and 68 MeV are reanalyzed using the microscopic coupled reaction channels (CRC) method, by taking into account simultaneously the 0+ (0.0 MeV), 2+ (1.63 MeV) and 4+ (4.25 MeV) rotational states of 20Ne. A new 3He + 20Ne interaction potential is constructed on the basis of cluster folding model and α + 16O cluster structure of 20Ne nucleus. The agreement between the experimental data and theoretical calculations is fairly good. The obtained β2 and β4 values are in a good agreement with previously reported values.

Angular distributions of the elastic scattering differential cross section data for the 16O + 16O nuclear system in the energy range of 75–480 MeV have been analyzed using the double-folding optical potential model. The real part of the interaction potential is derived on the basis of double folding of different models of interaction such as CDM3Y1, CDM3Y6, DDM3Y1, and BDM3Y1. The imaginary part of the potential is taken as the sum of the imaginary volume term expressed in the phenomenological Woods–Saxon squared form and a derivative Woods–Saxon surface term. Renormalization factors Nr for the various concerned interaction models are evaluated. The potential created by the BDM3Y1 model of interaction has the shallowest depth, which reflects the necessity of using higher renormalization factor. The obtained real volume integral and total reaction cross sections are calculated at different energies using the derived potentials. The obtained results are in agreement with the experimental data.

In this paper, the angular distributions (ADs) for 6Li + 27Al and 6He + 27Al elastic scattering in the energy range of 7–88 MeV and 9.5–13.4 MeV, respectively, are reanalyzed utilizing various phenomenological and microscopic potentials. The purpose of this work is to investigate the cluster nature of the weakly stable 6Li and the two-neutron halo 6He projectiles to check the associated breakup effects on the scattering data and to examine the consistency of the results obtained across different implemented potentials. A novel semi-microscopic dynamical polarization potential is applied to the 6Li + 27Al system to simulate the coupling effects on the breakup channel. The ADs for the 6He + 27Al system are described using the continuum discretized coupled channels (CDCC) method, which considers the coupling to the resonant (2+, 1.8 MeV) state and twelve continuum bins belonging to L = 0, 1, and 2 states as per the adopted model for truncation and discretization of the continuum.

The angular distributions of $$^{13}$$ C elastically scattered by $$^{9}$$ Be nuclei were measured at $$E_{Lab}$$ ( $$^{13}$$ C) = 16.25 and 19.5 MeV. The measured angular distributions were analyzed via the optical model and the DWBA within the coupled reaction channels methods. In addition to this, the previously obtained data were reanalyzed at energies $$E_{Lab}$$ = 22.75, 28.12, 36.15, 57.77 and 72.88 MeV. The aim of the study was to elucidate the role of the $$\alpha $$ -cluster transfer mechanism in the large-angle scattering. As a result of these calculations, the optimal parameters of the potentials and their energy dependence were obtained for $$^{13}$$ C+ $$^{9}$$ Be nuclear system. The data at the backward angles are fairly well reproduced. The spectroscopic amplitudes were extracted for the $$^{13}$$ C $$\rightarrow $$ $$^{9}$$ Be + $$\alpha $$ configuration at various energies. The results are compared with previously reported values.

The elastic scattering differential cross-sections of d + 6,7,9,11Li systems have been reanalyzed using three different calculation methods and four different density distributions for the deuteron nucleus. The phenomenological optical model and the microscopic optical model incorporating the CDM3Y6 interaction with and without the inclusion of the rearrangement term have been used as the calculation models. A good agreement between the theoretical results and the experimental data has been achieved. The performed analyses emphasize the weak binding nature of the 11Li isotope.

Cross sections for the 13C(3He, α)12C reaction were measured for 12C states up to excitation energies of about 20 MeV for 3He energies of 50 and 60 MeV. An analysis of the measured angular distributions was carried out using the Coupled Channels Born Approximation method under the assumption of a direct one-step mechanism of picking up a neutron from the 13C nucleus. In these calculations, the real parts of the implemented potentials were constructed within the framework of the double folding model. This analysis made it possible to extract the values of the spectroscopic factors for the 13C g.s. → 12C g.s. (12C*) + n configurations, which were found to be in reasonable agreement with theoretical predictions.

Available experimental data for protons elastically scattered from 14N and 16O target nuclei are reanalyzed within the framework of single folding optical potential (SFOP) model. In this model, the real part of the potential is derived on the basis of single folding potential. The renormalization factor N r is extracted for the two aforementioned nuclear systems. Theoretical calculations fairly reproduce the experimental data in the whole angular range. Energy dependence of real and imaginary volume integrals as well as reaction cross sections are discussed.

In this study, the angular distribution of the 16O+10B elastic scattering was measured at Elab (16O)= 24 MeV. In addition to our experimental data, this nuclear system was theoretically analyzed at different energies to study the dynamics of scattering for this system. The data were analyzed within the framework of the double-folding optical potential model., 8 FIGURES,3 TABLES

The recently measured 10,11B + 58Ni elastic scattering angular distributions are subjected to thorough analysis using different potentials such as optical and double folding, based on the CDM3Y6, with and without taking into account the effect of the rearrangement term, as well as the cluster folding potential. The cluster structure for 10B (11B) as composed of 6Li (7Li) core with an alpha particle orbiting this core is hence studied. The experimental data for the 10,11B + 58Ni nuclear systems are fairly reproduced with all the aforementioned potentials. The renormalization factors for the real double folded potential (N r ) indicate the need to reduce the strength of the produced potentials by ∼ 50% and ∼ 36% to reproduce the considered data for the 10B + 58Ni and the 11B + 58Ni nuclear systems, respectively. As a result of applying a rearrangement term to the double folding potential, a small change can be observed in the N r values. Cluster folding analysis for the 10B + 58Ni elastic scattering cross sections reveals a similar trend; the strength of the renormalization factor for the real part of the potential constructed based on the cluster folding model ( N RCF ) needs to be reduced by ∼ 48%. The observed reduction in the strength of the constructed double and cluster folding potentials reflects the weak binding nature of the 10B and 11B nuclei. It was somewhat surprising that the extracted N RCF = 1.24 ± 0.064 for the 11B + 58Ni system.

The available experimental differential cross-section data for the 6Li+40C nuclear system in the energy range of 20–240 MeV have been reanalyzed using the framework of the phenomenological optical model (OM), the semi-microscopic cluster folding optical model (CFOM), and the microscopic cluster folding model (CFM) motivated by the well-known cluster structure of 6Li. Reasonable fits to the experimental data have been obtained using OM, CFOM, and CFM over the entire energy range considered in this study. For the real cluster folding potential, the extracted average renormalization factors from CFM and CFOM calculations are 0.46 ± 0.14 and 0.56 ± 0.05, respectively. Due to the well-developed cluster structure of 6Li and the effect of its breakup on other reaction channels, the strength of the real cluster folding potentials was required to be reduced by ∼44%–54% in order to describe the experimental data.

The elastic scattering angular distributions for 16O + 12C nuclear system have been analyzed using double folding potential of different interaction models: CDM3Y1, CDM3Y6, DDM3Y1 and BDM3Y1. We have extracted the renormalization factor N r for the different concerned interaction models. Potential created by BDM3Y1 model of interaction has the shallowest depth which reflects the necessity to use higher renormalization factor. The experimental angular distributions for 16O + 12C nuclear system in the energy range 115.9–230 MeV exhibited unmistakable refractive features and rainbow phenomenon.

the current work aims to study the rainbow like structure observed in the elastic scattering of alpha particles on 16O nuclei. We analyzed the experimental elastic scattering angular distributions data for α+16O nuclear system at energies 49.5, 69.5, 80.7 and 104 MeV. The data were analyzed using both optical potential and double folding potential of different interaction models such as: CDM3Y1, DDM3Y1, CDM3Y6 and BDM3Y1. Potential created by BDM3Y1 interaction model has the shallowest depth which reflects the necessity to use higher renormalization factor. Both optical model and double folding potential of different interaction models reasonably reproduce the experimental data. The obtained renormalization factor is nearly in the range 1.1157 - 1.3312.

The angular distributions of elastic scattering of 14N ions on 10B targets have been measured at incident beam energies of 21.0 and 24.5 MeV. Angular distributions at higher energies 38–94.0 MeV (previously measured) were also included in the analysis. All data were analyzed within the framework of the optical model and the distorted waves Born approximation method. The observed rise in cross sections at large angles was interpreted as a possible contribution of the α-cluster exchange mechanism. Spectroscopic amplitudes SA 2 and SA 4 for the configuration 14N→ 10B +α were extracted. Their average values are 0.58±0.10 and 0.81±0.12 for SA 2 and SA 4, respectively, suggesting that the exchange mechanism is a major component of the elastic scattering for this system. The energy dependence of the depths for the real and imaginary potentials was found.

The experimental angular distributions for [Formula: see text]-particles elastically scattered from [Formula: see text]C nucleus in the energy range 48.7–386[Formula: see text]MeV and for 6He+[Formula: see text]C nuclear system in the energy range 5.9–493.8[Formula: see text]MeV have been reanalyzed. Data analysis is performed within the framework of both optical model (OM) and double folding optical model (DFOM). In this model, the real part of the potential is generated using the double folding procedures based on the effective M3Y interaction between projectile nucleons and target nucleons in addition to an imaginary part of Woods–Saxon (WS) form. Two criteria are used in order to observe the nature of 4He and 6He elastically scattered from [Formula: see text]C and the effect of the two neutron halo structure of 6He. First, the extracted potential parameters are utilized for calculating the reflexion coefficients [Formula: see text] which is strongly related to angular momentum [Formula: see text]. Second, the reduction in reaction cross-sections with the projectile’s energy.

The differential cross-sections of deuteron elastic and inelastic scattering on 13C target were measured at the cyclotron U-150M INP, Almaty, Kazakhstan. Accelerated deuteron ion energy was 14.5 MeV. The results of the study are new experimental data for the d + 13C process of elastic and inelastic scattering to the 3.68 (3/2−), 6.86 (5/2+) and 7.55 (5/2−)MeV excited states of the 13C nucleus. The optical model with either a Woods-Saxon potential or a double folding model were used for analyzing the experimental results on elastic scattering. We performed theoretical calculations within the framework the coupled channel (CC) method for the indicated excited states. The optimal deformation parameters for the excited states of 13C nucleus were extracted.

The available experimental data for the $^{20}\mathrm{Ne}+^{16}\mathrm{O}$ system in the energy range where the effect of $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-cluster transfer is well observed are reanalyzed using the cluster folding model. The cluster folding potential, which includes both real and imaginary terms, reproduces the data at forward angles and the inclusion of the $^{16}\mathrm{O}(^{20}\mathrm{Ne},^{16}\mathrm{O})^{20}\mathrm{Ne}$ elastic transfer process provides a satisfactory description of the backward angles. The spectroscopic factor for the $^{20}\mathrm{Ne}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{16}\mathrm{O}+\ensuremath{\alpha}$ overlap was extracted and compared with other values from the literature. The present results suggest that the ($^{20}\mathrm{Ne},^{16}\mathrm{O}$) reaction might be an alternative means of exploring the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-particle structure of nuclei.

Elastic scattering of 3He on 14N as example of 1p-shell nuclei at 50 and 60 MeV has been investigated within the framework of Optical Model. In the Optical Model analysis, both microscopic double-folding and phenomenological potentials for the real part of the complex nuclear potential have been used. For both microscopic double-folding and phenomenological analysis, the imaginary potential has taken to be Wood-Saxon volume shaped. It is noticed that while a normalization of the strength of the double-folding real potential is needed to explain the structure observed in the experimental data, a good agreement between experimental data is obtained for the phenomenological potential case.

Using the phenomenological optical potential and two different semi-microscopic potentials, namely double folding and cluster folding (CF), the available experimental data for 6Li elastically scattered from [Formula: see text]C nucleus at energies 50–600[Formula: see text]MeV are reanalyzed. On the basis of the well-known cluster structure of 6Li as a composite nucleus consisting of a core “alpha” with a valence particle “deuteron” orbiting this core, special attention was paid to the CF potential. Elastic scattering data for 6Li+[Formula: see text]C system plotted as a function of momentum transfer showed that the real Coulomb nuclear interference region is independent of the bombarding energy. The aforementioned structural behavior for the data could be used to define the potential with some certainty. In addition to a Woods–Saxon imaginary potential of fixed radius, the real part of the potential derived from the cluster structure of 6Li was successful in reproducing the experimental data in the whole angular range. Coupled channel (CC) calculation effects are also performed by coupling to 6Li resonant state ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]MeV).

Angular distribution of the [Formula: see text] elastic scattering was measured at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]MeV. Experimental data showed a significant increase in differential cross-sections at backward angles. The optical model with phenomenological potentials reproduces well the experimental cross-sections in the region of the angles of the forward hemisphere, but is not able to explain the increase in cross-sections at large angles. The distorted wave Born approximation method was used to reproduce the experimental data at large angles [Formula: see text] by taking into consideration a deuteron transfer. Spectroscopic amplitude has been extracted for the configuration [Formula: see text]C[Formula: see text]B + [Formula: see text] from the analysis.

Analysis of the elastic scattering of protons from 12C nuclei had been performed within the framework of both the optical model and single folding model at different proton energies; 17, 30.3, 40, 49.48 and 61.4 MeV. We have obtained the global potential parameters which could fairly reproduce the experimental data for p+12C elastic scattering at the aforementioned energies. The radial and energy dependence of the real and imaginary parts of the potential were calculated. Good agreement between experimental data and theoretical predictions in the whole angular range was obtained using both phenomenological approach (Optical Model), and semi-microscopic approach (Single Folding). In single folding calculations, the real part of the potential was calculated from a more fundamental basis by the folding method in which the NN interaction VNN(r), is folded into the density of the target nuclei and supplemented with a phenomenological imaginary potential. The obtained normalization factor Nr is in the range of 0.75 - 0.9.

We have measured the angular distributions for 12C ion beam elastically scattered from 12C target of thickness 17.4 μg/cm2 at energies 15, 18 and 21 MeV which is close to the Coulomb barrier energy for 12C + 12C nuclear system. The elastic scattering of 12C beam on 12C was analysed also at different energies (139.5, 158.8, 180, 240, 288.6, 300, 360 and 420 MeV) from literature in order to obtain the global optical potential parameters, which could fairly reproduce the experimental data. The experimental results were analysed within the framework of both the optical model and the double folding potential obtained with different density-dependent NN interactions which give the corresponding values of the nuclear incompressibility K in the Hartree-Fock calculation of nuclear matter. The agreement between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions in the whole angular range is fairly good.

The current work aims to study the rainbow like-structure observed in the elastic scattering of alpha particles on both 12C and 16O nuclei. We reanalyzed the experimental elastic scattering angular distributions data for α+12C and α+16O nuclear systems at different energies using both optical model and double folding potential of different interaction models such as: CDM3Y1, DDM3Y1, CDM3Y6 and BDM3Y1. Potential created by BDM3Y1 interaction model has the shallowest depth which reflects the necessity to use higher renormalization factor (Nr). Both optical model and double folding potential of different interaction models fairly reproduce the experimental data., {"references":["D. A. Goldberg, S. M. Smith and G. F. Burdzik, Phys. Rev. C 10 (1974) 1362.","R. M. DeVries, D. A. Goldberg, J. W. Watson, M. S. Zisman, and J. G. Cramer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 39 (1977) 450.","P. Schwandt, S. Kailas, W. W. Jacobs, M. D. Kaitchuck, W. Ploughe, and P. P. Singh, Phys. Rev. C 21 (1980) 1656.","A. A. Ogloblin, Yu. A. Glukhov, W. H. Trzaska, A. S. Dem'yanova, S. A. Goncharov, R. Julin, S. V. Klebnikov, M. Mutterer, M. V. Rozhkov, V. P. Rudakov, G. P. Tiorin, Dao T. Khoa, and G. R. Satchler, Phys. Rev. C 62 (2000) 044601.","M. P. Nicoli, F. Haas, R. M. Freeman, S. Szilner, Z. Basrak, A. Morsad, G. R. Satchler, and M. E. Brandan, Phys. Rev. C 61 (2000) 034609.","Yu. A. Glukhov, S. A. Goncharov, A. S. Dem'yanova, A. A. Ogloblin, M. V. Rozhkov, V. P. Rudakov, V. Trashka, J. IZV 65 (2001) 647.","M. Buenerd, P. Martin, R. Bertholet, C. Guet, M. Maurel, J. Mougey, H. Nifenecker, J. Pinston, P. Perrin, F. Schussler, J. Jullen, J. P. Bondorf, L. Carlen, H. Å. Gustafsson, B. Jakobsson, T. Johansson, P. Kristiansson, O. B. Nielsen, A. Oskarsson, I. Otterlund, H. Ryde, B. Schröder, and G. Tibell, Phys. Rev. C 26 (1982) 1299.","S. Kubono, K. Morita, M.H. Tanaka, M. Sugitani, H. Utsunomiya, H. Yonehara, M.-K. Tanaka, S. Shimoura, E. Takada, M. Fukuda, K. Takimoto, Phys. Lett. B. 127 (1983) 19.","H. G. Bohlen, X. S. Chen, J. G. Cramer, P. Fröbrich, B. Gebauer, H. Lettau, A. Miczaika, W. von Oertzen, R. Ulrich, T. Wilpert, Z. Phys. A. 322 (1985) 241.\n[10]\t A. J. Cole, W. D. M. Rae, M. E. Brandan, A. Dacal, B. G. Harvey, R. Legrain, M. J. Murphy, R. G. Stokstad, Phys. Rev. Lett. 47 (1981) 1705. \n[11]\t M. Buenerd, A. Lounis, J. Chauvin, D. Lebrun, P. Martin, G. Duhamel, J.C. Gondrand, P. De Saintignon, Nucl. Phys. A. 424 (1984) 313.\n[12]\tJ.Y. Hostachy, M. Buenerd, J. Chauvin, D. Lebrun, Ph. Martin, B. Bonin, G. Bruge, J.C. Lugol, L. Papineau, P. Roussel, J. Arvieux, C. Cerruti, Phys. Lett. B. 184 (1987) 139.\n[13]\tC.C. Sahm, T. Murakami, J.G. Cramer, A.J. Lazzarini, D.D. Leach, D.R. Tieger, R.A. Loveman, W.G. Lynch, M.B. Tsang, J. Van der, Phys. Rev. C 34 (1986) 2165.\n[14]\tM. E. Brandan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60 (1988) 784.\n[15]\tM. El-Azab Farid, Z. M. M. Mahmoud, and G. S. Hassan, Phys. Rev. C 64 (2001) 014310.\n[16]\tDao T. Khoa, Phys. Rev. C 63 (2001) 034007.\n[17]\tSh. Hamada, Y. Hirabayashi, N. Burtebayev, S Ohkubo, Phys. Rev. C 87, 024311 (2013).\n[18]\tY. Hirabayashi and S. Ohkubo, Phys. Rev. C 88 014314 (2013).\n[19]\tD. A. Goldberg and S. M. Smith, Phys. Rev. Lett. 33 (1974) 715.\n[20]\tF. Michel, J. Albinski, P. Belery, Th. Delbar, Gh. Grégoire, B. Tasiaux, and G. Reidemeister, Phys. Rev. C 28(1983) 1904. \n[21]\tH. Abele, H. J. Hauser, A. Körber, W. Leitner, R. Neu, H. Plappert, T. Rohwer, G. Staudt, M. Strasser, S. Weite, and M. Walz, Z. Phys. A 326, 373 (1987).\n[22]\tF. Michel, Phys. Lett. 60B (1976) 229.\n[23]\tZ. Majka, H. J. Gils, and H. Rebel, Phys. Rev. C 25 (1982) 2996.\n[24]\tM. El-Azab Farid, J. Phys. G 16 (1990) 461.\n[25]\tS. A. E. Khallaf, A. M. Amry, and S. R. Mokhtar, Phys. Rev.C 56 (1997) 2093.\n[26]\tI. I. Gontchar and M. V. Chushnyakova, Comput. Phys. Commun. 181 (2010) 168.\n[27]\tDao T. Khoa, G.R. Satchler, W. von Oertzen, Phys. Rev. C 56 (1997) 954.\n[28]\tS. Qing-biao, F. Da-chun and Z. Yi-Zhong, Phys. Rev. C 43(1991) 2773.\n[29]\tG.R. Satchler, W.G. Love, Phys. Rep. 55 (1979) 183.\n[30]\tI. J. Thompson, Comput. Phys. Rep. 7 (1988) 167.\n[31]\tB. Tatischeff, I. Brissauud, Nucl. Phys. A. 155 (1970) 89.\n[32]\tS. Wiktor, C. Mayer-Böricke, A. Kiss, M. Rogge, P. Turek, H. Dabrowski, Acta Phys. Pol. B 12 (1981) 491.\n[33]\tG. Hauser, R. Löhken, H. Rebel, G. Schatz, G.W. Schweimer, J. Specht, Nucl. Phys. A. 128 (1969) 81.\n[34]\tM. Yasue, T. Tanabe, F. Soga, J. Kokame, F. Shimokoshi, J. Kasagi, Y. Toba, Y. Kadota, T. Ohsawa, K. Furuno, Nucl. Phys. A. 394 (1983) 14.\n[35]\tS. M. Smith, G. Tibell, A. A. Cowley, D. A. Goldberg, H. G. Pugh, W. Reichart, N.S. Wall, Nucl. Phys. A. 207 (1973) 273.\n[36]\tM. Reed thesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA (1968)."]}

Elastic scattering of Protons and deuterons from 11B nuclei at different p, d energies have been analyzed within the framework of optical model code (ECIS88). The elastic scattering of 3He+11B nuclear system at different 3He energies have been analyzed using double folding model code (FRESCO). The real potential obtained from the folding model was supplemented by a phenomenological imaginary potential, and during the fitting process the real potential was normalized and the imaginary potential optimized. Volumetric integrals of the real and imaginary potential depths (JR, JW) have been calculated for 3He+11B system. The agreement between the experimental data and the theoretical calculations in the whole angular range is fairly good. Normalization factor Nr is calculated in the range between 0.70 and 1.236., {"references":["G. R. Satchler, Direct Nuclear Reactions, Clarendon Press, Oxford, (1983) 392.","A. Amar, International Journal of Modern Physics E, 23(2014) 1450041.","A. Amar, N. Burtebayev, Sh. Hamada, Kerimkulov Zhambul and N. Amangieldy, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 4 (2010).","G. Bertsch, J. Borysowicz, H. McManus, and W. G. Love, Nucl. Phys. A284(1977) 399.","N. Anantaraman, H. Toki, and G. F. Bertsch, Nucl. Phys.A398(1983) 269.","G.R. Satchler and W.G. Love, Phys.Rep.55(1979)183.","N. Anantaraman, H. Toki, and G. F. Bertsch, Nucl. Phys.A398(1983) 269.","Dao T. Khoa, G. R. Satchler, and W. von Oertzen, Phys. Rev. C 56 (1997) 954.","D. T. Khoa et al., J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 34 (2007) R111.\n[10]\tJ. Cook, R.J. Griffiths, Nucl. Phys. A 366 (1981) 27.\n[11]\tT. Stovall, J. Goldemberg and D. B. Isabelle, Nucl. Phys.86(1966)225.\n[12]\t A. Amar, S. Hamada, N. Burtebayev and N. Amangedly, International Journal of Modern Physics E, 20 (2011) p. 980–986.\n[13]\tA. Gallmann, F. Hibou, P. Fintz, P. E. Hodgson, and E. K. Warburton, Phys. Rev. 138(1965) p 560.\n[14]\tW. Fitz, R. Jahr and R. Santo, Nucl. Phys. A 101(1967) P. 449–459.\n[15]\tR. J. Slobodrian, Nucl. Phys. 32 (1962) P. 684–694.\n[16]\tJ.Y. Park, J.L. Duggan, P.D. Miller, M.M. Dunkan and R.L. Dangle, Nucl. Phys. A 134(1969) P. (277–288).\n[17]\tM.A.M. Shahabuddin, C.J. Webb and V.R.W. Edwards, Nucl. Phys. A 284(1977) P. (83–96).\n[18]\tI. J. Thompson, Comput. Phys. Rep. 167 (1988) 7.\n[19]\tR. Gorgen, F. Hinterberger, R. Jahn, P. Vonrossen and B. Schuller, Nucl. Phys. A320 (1979) p.296-308."]}

Elastic scattering of Protons and deuterons from 11B nuclei at different p, d energies have been analyzed within the framework of optical model code (ECIS88). The elastic scattering of 3He+11B nuclear system at different 3He energies have been analyzed using double folding model code (FRESCO). The real potential obtained from the folding model was supplemented by a phenomenological imaginary potential, and during the fitting process the real potential was normalized and the imaginary potential optimized. Volumetric integrals of the real and imaginary potential depths (JR, JW) have been calculated for 3He+11B system. The agreement between the experimental data and the theoretical calculations in the whole angular range is fairly good. Normalization factor Nr is calculated in the range between 0.70 and 1.236.

The main aim of this work was to study the elastic 16O + 12C scattering reaction over a wide range of energies and to analyze the effect of the elastic and inelastic α cluster transfer channels on the cross section for elastic scattering into the rear hemisphere. It is shown that allowing for the coupling of the entrance channels improves the theoretical description of the cross section in the region of wide angles.

The aim of this work is to track the phenomenon of α-cluster transfer mechanism at low energies 1.25, 1.5 and 1.75 MeV/n, close to the Coulomb barrier energy for 12 C( 16 O, 12 C) 16 Oa nd 16 O( 12 C, 16 O) 12 C nuclear systems. The measurements of the angular distribution show a significant increase in the differential cross section at large angles due to alpha-transfer mechanism. The optical model code SPI-GENOA could be used effectively for fitting the experimental data with the theoretical predictions nearly up to angle 90 ◦ , where the differential cross section decreases steadily with increasing the scattering angle. For the second hemisphere, at angles greater than 100 ◦ , there is a large increase in cross section due to the contribution of α-transfer mechanism, and the Distorted Wave Born Approximation (DWBA) method could be used effectively for fitting the experimental data with the theoretical predictions at this region using (DWUCK5) code.

Differential cross sections for the 6,7 Li ( p , p )6,7 Li and 10,11 B ( p , p )10,11 B elastic scattering were measured over the proton laboratory energy range from 300 to 1050 keV. The transfer reaction of the elastic scattering of carbon and oxygen on oxygen and carbon nuclei was studied through different experiments with incident beam of energy 1.75 MeV/ nucleon. Depending on the measured data by us and literature data, we could enhance the potential parameters using ECIS88 Code, as well as SPI-GENOA Code. Good agreement between theoretical and experimental in whole range.

We have measured the angular distributions for the elastic and inelastic scattering of 4He from 11B in the isochronous cyclotron U-150 M INP RK. The extracted α-particles beam has been accelerated to energy 29 MeV and then directed to 11B target. The experimental results were analyzed within the framework of both the optical model using different complex potential and the double folding potential obtained with different density-dependent NN interactions which give the corresponding values of the nuclear incompressibility K in the Hartree-Fock calculation of nuclear matter.

The main aim of this work was to describe the reactions of elastic scattering of 16O + 12C over a wide range of energies in an optical model with an l-dependent core. We obtained a value for the compressibility coefficient that agreed with the one found from data on the giant monopole resonance. We considered the elastic transfer of an α particle to reproduce the cross section in the reverse hemisphere.

The main aim of the current work is to examine if 14N is candidate to be clusterized nuclei or not. In order to check this attendance, we have measured the angular distributions for 14N ion beam elastically scattered on 12C target nuclei at different low energies; 17.5, 21, and 24.5MeV which are close to the Coulomb barrier energy for 14N+12C nuclear system. Study of various transfer reactions could provide us with useful information about the attendance of nuclei to be in a composite form (core + valence). The experimental data were analyzed using two approaches; Phenomenological (Optical Potential) and semi-microscopic (Double Folding Potential). The agreement between the experimental data and the theoretical predictions is fairly good in the whole angular range., {"references":["W. Von Oertzen, M. Liu, C. Caverzasio, J. C. Jacmart, F. Pougheon, M. Riou, J. C. Roynette and C. Stephan, Nucl. Phys. A143, 34 (1970).","Isao Kohno, Shyunji Nakajima, Tadao Tonuma and Masatoshi Odera, Phys. Soc. Japan 30, 910 (1971).","H. D. Helb, H. Voit, G. Ischenko, and W. Reichardt, Phys. Rec. Lett. 23 (1969).","M. E. Brandan, S. E. Soberano, E. Belmont-Moreno, and A. Menchaca-Rocha, Phys. Rev. C42, 2236 (1990).","M. L. Halbert, C. E. Hunting and A. Zucker, Phys. Rev. 1117 (1960) 1545.","H. Amakawa and K. I. Kubo, Nucl. Phys. A266(1976).","MAESTRO®-32 MCA Emulator for Microsoft® Windows® 98, 2000, NT®, and XP® A65-B32 Software // User's Manual Software Version 6.","J.W. Bulter, Table of (p,γ) Resonances by Proton Energy: E = 0.163 – 3.0 MeV, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. NRL Report. 5282 (1959).","Andersen H.H., Ziegler J.F. Hydrogen-Stopping Powers and Ranges in all elements. – Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1977. \n[10]\tI. I. Gontchar, M. V. Chushnyakova Computer Physics Communications 181 (2010) 168–182.\n[11]\tKhoa Dao T., Satchler G.R., von Oertzen W. Phys. Rev. C56 (1997) 954. \n[12]\tS. Qing-biao, F. Da-chun, Z. Yi-zhong, Phys. Rev. C 43 (1991) 2773.\n[13]\tC. W. De Jager, H. De Vries, and C. De Vries Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables 14, 479-508 (1974)."]}