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“I. Uluslararası Organik Tarım ve Biyoçeşitlilik Sempozyumu 27-29 Eylül Bayburt”

Bir Yengeç Örümceği olan Thomisus citrinellus Simon 1875 türü Irak Örümcek Faunası için ilk kez kaydedilmiştir. Türe ait habitus ve genitalya fotoğrafları sunulmuştur. Deskripsiyonu ve lokaliteler ayrıca çalışmada verilmiştir., A thomisid spider species, Thomisus citrinellus Simon 1875 is recorded for the first time in Iraq. Photographs of habitus and genitalia of the species are presented. Descriptions and localities of species are also given.

WOS: 000359208200003, PubMed ID: 25850818, There has been no study on the chitin structure of wasp species. Here, we selected the three most common wasp species belonging to the family Vespidae for chitin extraction and characterization. Chitin was isolated from each wasp species and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), elemental analysis (EA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chitin contents of Vespa crabro, Vespa orientalis, and Vespula germanica were 8.3, 6.4, and 11.9%, respectively. The crystalline index (CrI) values for the chitin extracted from each species were 69.88, 53.92, and 50%, respectively. The most important finding of the study is that although the same method was used to extract chitin from each of the three wasp species, the degree of acetylation was different: for V. crabro and V. orientalis it was 96.85 and 99.82% ( the chitin was extremely pure), respectively, whereas that for V. germanica the chitin was 79.83%. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

WOS: 000204015000006, The spider genus Phaeocedus belonging to family of Gnaphosidae is recorded from Turkey for the first time. The characteristic features are described and illustrated, and data on distribution are given.

Berinda cypria Chatzaki & Panayiotou n. sp. Figs 13 –14, 17, 20–21 Etymology. The species name is derived from the island in which the type locality is situated. Types: CYPRUS: Lemesos, Kourio: 1 3 holotype, 6 33 1 Ƥ paratypes (15.III. 2006 to 27.V. 2007) [leg. Kaltsas, NHMC]. Further material examined. CYPRUS: Lemesos, Kourio: 3 33 1 Ƥ (13.V. 2006 to 09.VII. 2006); 1 Ƥ (15.III. 2008 to 17.V. 2008) [leg. Kaltsas, NHMC]. Diagnosis: B. cypria is very similar to B. ensigera and B. hakani in somatic and genital characters. It may be easily separated from them by the presence of two tibial apophyses on the male palp. Females differ from B. ensigera in the shape of lateral margins and the formation of lateral pouches situated at their middle and from both B. ensigera and B. hakani in the shape of scape being more elongated. Description. Measurements 3 (Ƥ), n = 6 (1): TL: 5.7–7.4 (6.2), PL: 1.9–3.2 (2.8), PW: 1.9–2.4 (1.9), OL: 2.9–3.5 (3.2), PL/PW: 0.95–1.52 (1.47). 3 Ƥ: Red-brown spiders. Maxillae as in Zelotes. Labium longer than wide. Chelicerae with 2 anterior and 4 posterior teeth and with lateral condyles. Brush of thick hair present on inner posterior side of chelicerae. Eyes round except for oblique PME. Anterior row of eyes slightly recurved, posterior one slightly procurved. Opisthosoma grey, in 3 with scutum, covered with thick fringe of bristles. Spinnerets long and cylindrical, anterior ones longer, thicker than posteriors. Legs: All Ta with scopulae, Me III–IV with apical preening comb, as in Zelotes. Spination: Fe: I -; 3 II -; Ƥ II d 2; 3 III d 6–8; Ƥ III d 7; 3 IV d 5–6; Ƥ IV d 6. Pa: I–II, IV -; III p 1 r 1. Ti: I -; 3 II v 3–4; Ƥ II -; Ti: I -; 3 II v 3–4; Ƥ II -; III–IV spinose. Me: I v 1; 3 II v 3–4; Ƥ II v 2; III–IV spinose. 3 Pedipalp (Figs 13 –14, 17): Fe with 2 spines, Pa short, without apophysis. Two tibial apophyses: one dorsal, laterally directed, straight, with crested end (Figs 14, 17), and one retrolateral, straight with hinge on its end (Fig. 14). Cymbium oval with retrolateral furrow, its retrolateral proximal angle slightly extended (Fig. 14). Second furrow behind tibial apophysis also present (Fig. 17). Subtegulum with triangular projection at its proximal end (Fig. 13). Tegulum robust, ventrally membranous, with distinct conductor. Embolus long, filiform, rising from proximal base of tegulum. Conductor with three elements, as in B. ensigera: membranous anterior sac (a), sickle-shaped guiding structure (b), leading to sclerotized posterior hook (c). Epigyne (Fig. 20): with long, extended anterior scape as in B. ensigera, but longer, more slender. Lateral margins almost parallel, widening posteriorly, forming lateral pouches which may provide anchoring place for palpal hook. Copulatory orifices open at upper part of spermathecal length. Vulva (Fig. 21): Introductory ducts with glandular heads, forming one coil before leading to oval spermathecae. Distribution. CYPRUS.

Berinda Roewer, 1928 Species belonging to the genus Berinda show a puzzling combination of characters. For example, the epigyne of B. ensigera pocesses a large anterior hood, resembling, for instance, that found in many Gnaphosa Latreille, 1804 species. The epigyna of B. amabilis and of B. aegilia are very similar to each other, sharing a small anterior conical hood and similar introductory ducts and spermathecae, but do not particularly resemble the epigyna of B. ensigera and the two newly described species of the genus. Similarly, males of all five species share long filiform embolous, a strong conductor of various shapes and distinctive tibial apophyses, which are characteristic to each species. On the other hand, the preening combs on Me III & IV, the shape of maxillae, labium and spinnerets are characters common to all Berinda species clearly putting them in the group of zelotine species. Diagnosis. Yellow to red-brown spiders of medium size (total length of 3 5.3���7.8 mm and of �� 5.7���10.2 mm). Prosoma oval widening at thoracic part. Maxillae as in Zelotes, wider at basal half and abruptly narrowing at distal half. Labium longer than wide. Chelicerae with 2 anterior and 3���4 posterior teeth and with lateral condyles. Eyes round except for oblique PME. Anterior row of eyes recurved, posterior one slightly procurved or straight. Opisthosoma light brown, in 3 with relatively large brown scutum, covered with thick fringe of bristles. Spinnerets long, cylindrical, anterior ones longer than posteriors. Leg setation variable except for following: All Ta with scopulae; Me III���IV with apical preening comb, as in Zelotes; Me and Ti III���IV spinose; Pa I, II, IV without any spines, III with 1 pro- and 1 retrolateral spine., Published as part of Panayiotou, Eleni, Kaltsas, Dimitris, Seyyar, Osman & Chatzaki, Maria, 2010, Revision of the genus Berinda (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) in the East Mediterranean with the description of two new species, pp. 44-54 in Zootaxa 2362 on page 45, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275752, {"references":["Roewer, C. F. (1928) Araneae. In: Zoologische Streifzuge in Attika, Morea, und besonders auf der Insel Kreta, XI. Abhandlungen vom naturwissenschaftlichen Verein zu Bremen, 27, 92 - 123."]}

Berinda hakani Chatzaki & Seyyar n. sp. Figs 15 ���16, 18���19, 22��� 23 Etymology. This species is dedicated to the Turkish arachnologist Dr. Hakan Demir, Gazi University, Turkey. Types: TURKEY: Kayseri Province, Hisarcık, Lifos Mountain 38 �� 35.960 ' N, 35 �� 30.962 ' E, 1800: 1 3 holotype, 1 �� paratype (16.V. 2007) [leg. Musa Kar, NUAM]. Further material examined. TURKEY: Kayseri Province, Develi district (in the direction to Erciyes Mountain), 38 �� 20.090 ' N, 35 �� 38.074 ' E, 1330 m: 2 33 2 ���� (25.VI. 2008) [leg. Osman Seyyar, NUAM]; Kayseri Province, Pınarbaşi, the southern slopes of Şirvan Mountain, 38 �� 42.949 ' N, 36 �� 24.013 ' E, 1700 m: 1 3 (07.VI. 2006) [leg. Fuat Bozok, NUAM]; Kayseri, Hisarcık, Sakar vineyard, 38 �� 37.422 ' N, 35 �� 30.401 ' E, 1520 m: 1 3 2 ���� (20.V. 2008) [leg. Burak ��zberk, NUAM]. Diagnosis: As noted before the three species, B. ensigera, B. cypria and B. hakani are very similar in all characters of the genital organs apart from the number and shape of the tibial apophyses. Females are almost indistinguishable, except for the shape of lateral margins and their anchoring openings and the size and shape of the scape. Description. Measurements 3 (��), n = 4 (5): TL: 7.0��� 7.8 (7.2���10.2), PL: 3.2���3.5 (3.7���5.2), PW: 2.8���3.1 (2.7���3.8), OL: 3.5 ���4.0 (3.7���5.2), PL/PW: 1.12���1.14 (1.36���1.37). 3 ��: Habitus (color, size, mouth parts, shape of eyes, scutum present in male opisthosoma, spinnerets) as in Berinda cypria. The only difference lies in the dentition of chelicerae: 2 anterior and 3���5 posterior teeth and with lateral condyles. Legs: All Ta with scopulae, Me III���IV with apical preening comb, as in Zelotes. Spination: Fe: I d 3; II d 3; 3 III d 7; �� III -; 3 IV d 6; �� IV d 5. Pa: I���II, IV -; III p 1 r 1. Ti: I -; 3 II v 4; �� II -; Ti: 3 I v 1; II v 5; �� I���II -; III���IV spinose. Me: I v 1; 3 II v 3���4; �� II v 2; III���IV spinose. 3 Pedipalp (Figs 15 ���16, 18��� 19): Fe with 3 dorsal spines, Pa short (as long as tibia), with very small conical dorsal tip (almost like an apophysis). One retrolateral tibial apophysis, long, wide, straight, with bifid end: one long, filiform and more basal one with truncate end (Figs 16, 18��� 19). Shape of cymbium, tegulum, subtegulum and conductor as in B. cypria with all three elements (a, b, c) present (Figs 15���16). Epigyne and vulva (Figs 22���23): Shape of both epigyne and vulva as in B. cypria. The two species may be distinguished only by the relative position and shape of the anterior scape and its general appearance which, on the other hand may be a consequence of the degree of extension at the time of alcohol fixation. Differences in the spermathecal configuration must be attributed to the difficulty in revealing the coiling of ducts due to the overlap of structures. Distribution. TURKEY: Kayseri Province., Published as part of Panayiotou, Eleni, Kaltsas, Dimitris, Seyyar, Osman & Chatzaki, Maria, 2010, Revision of the genus Berinda (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) in the East Mediterranean with the description of two new species, pp. 44-54 in Zootaxa 2362 on page 52, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275752

Berinda aegilia Chatzaki, 2002 Figs 1 ���2, 5��� 6 Diagnosis: The general appearance of the genital organs of this species is close to that of B. amabilis, although details in the structures of the pedipalp also resemble that of B. ensigera. Distinct characters for B. aegilia are the following: male palp, cymbium without proximal retrolateral extension (found in B. amabilis and to a lesser extent in other Berinda species), with a hairless, slightly excavated retrolateral edge (Fig. 1); no apophysis on the patella, apophysis on tibia relatively small, with a curved tip, set well apart from the cymbium, conductor of distinct shape (Figs. 1���2) originating from a membranous anterior bladder (a) and projecting ventrally into a strongly sclerotized claw (b); epigyne similar to that of B. amabilis, but with broader, rectangular anterior hood (Fig. 5), spermathecae oval with coiled glandular heads (Fig. 6). Description: See Chatzaki et al. (2002 b) New records: GREECE: Peloponnisos: Taygetos Mt, 600 m, phrygana: 1 3 (15.III. 1997 to 06.VII. 1997) [leg. Anastasiou, ZMUA]. Comments. This is the first time that the species is recorded from mainland Greece. Presumably its distribution may expand at least to the rest of Peloponnisos and Kythira (the island between Antikythira and Peloponnisos) when further material becomes available. Distribution. GREECE: Antikythira Isl., Peloponnisos., Published as part of Panayiotou, Eleni, Kaltsas, Dimitris, Seyyar, Osman & Chatzaki, Maria, 2010, Revision of the genus Berinda (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) in the East Mediterranean with the description of two new species, pp. 44-54 in Zootaxa 2362 on page 47, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275752, {"references":["Chatzaki, M., Thaler, K. & Mylonas, M. (2002 b) Ground spiders (Gnaphosidae; Araneidae) of Kriti and adjacent areas of Greece. Tanonomy and distribution. II. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 109, 603 - 633."]}

Berinda amabilis Roewer, 1928 Figs 3 ���4, 7��� 8 Berinda amabilis Roewer, 1928 (p. 106, Figs 11���13), CRETE: Chania: Akrotiri, Governeto monastery (type locality, not reexamined). Talanites aculeatus Charitonov, 1946: p. 26, fig. 43, UZBEKISTAN: Yakkabagh (type locality, not examined). Diagnosis: The species resembles B. aegilia. Males are easily recognized by the fingerlike retrolateral apophysis of the patella (unique within Berinda) and the slender retrolateral apophysis of the tibia of the pedipalp (Fig. 4). A distinct conductor (Fig. 3) ending as an S-shaped sclerotized band (possibly the posterior hook in other Berinda species, like B. ensigera) is also a distinctive character of males. Females are recognized by the anterior lateral margins widely curved at sides, and the small (compared to B. aegilia) conical hood at midline (Fig. 7). Spermathecae are globular with lateral introductory ducts (Fig. 8). Description: See Chatzaki et al. (2002 a) (re-description). Distribution. GREECE: Crete, Gavdos; UZBEKISTAN; TURKEY: Niğde. Berinda ensigera (O.P.-Cambridge, 1874) 1 Figs 9 ���10, 11��� 12 Drassodes ensiger (O.P.-Cambridge, 1874), p. 389, Fig. 14, TURKEY, SMYRNE (male holotype and female paratype, not examined); Karol (1967). Drassodes reimoseri Bristowe, 1935 (p. 779, Figs 4���6), RODOS (type locality, description of female); Hadjissarantos (1940, p. 77, Fig. 22, description of male), ATTIKI: Parnitha, Agia Triada; Rafina; Nea Philadelphia; Salamina, Selinia; Podoniftis; Pikermi; Pendeli-Monastiri; Hymittos-Kareas; Toyrkolimano; Psychiko (not reexamined). Haplodrassus grazianoi Caporiacco, 1948 (p. 59, Fig. 10), RODOS (type locality, not examined) Syn.N. Diagnosis: Males can be recognized by the tibial apophysis which is straight and very long, almost as long as the cymbium (Fig. 9). The conductor is strongly developed, with three elements: a membranous anterior sac 1. This species is listed in Platnick���s catalogue (2009) as Berinda ensiger. However because Berinda is a female noun, we persist in our proposition of changing the corresponding adjective to ��� ensigera ��� (Chatzaki et al. 2002 a). (a), a sickle-shaped guiding structure (b) leading to a sclerotized posterior hook (c) (Figs 9���10). All three elements are interconnected. This configuration is shared among three species: B. ensigera, B. cypria and B. hakani (see below) and is almost indistinguishable. In females there is a scape (Sc) (Fig. 11) with an anterior hood as in Gnaphosa. Lateral margins are parallel and open at posterior part, leading to the copulatory orifices. New records: GREECE: NE Attiki: Marathonas, Ag. Marina: 9 33 2 ���� (30.IV. 2006 to 01.VII. 2006); 3 ���� (01.VII. 2006 to 28.VIII. 2006); 3 33 4 ���� (04.V. 2006 to 30.VI. VII) [all leg. Kaltsas, NHMC]; Peloponnisos: Mainalo Mt, 1600 m: 2 ���� (09.VII. 1997 to 12.X. 1997) [leg. Anastasiou, ZMUA]; Aegean Islands: Samos: Psili Ammos: 13 33 9 ���� (02.V. 2006 to 06.VII. 2006); 5 ���� (06.VII. 2006 to 30.VIII. 2006); 3 33 (06.III. 2007 to 05.V. 2007); 10 33 6 ���� (05.V. 2007 to 01.VII. 2007) [all leg. Kaltsas, NHMC]; Rodos: Lindos, phrygana: 3 ���� (13.V. 2006 to 09.VII. 2006); Epta Piges, bank of a small river: 1 3 1 �� (14.V. 2006 to 10.VII. 2006); Afandoy-Psinthos, phrygana: 8 33 3 ���� (14.V. 2006 to 10.VII. 2006); Lardos-Laerma, pine forest, 200 m: 3 33 3 ���� (13.V. 2006 to 09.VII. 2006); Prasonisi (coast of Rodos), phrygana: 7 33 5 ���� (13.V. 2006 to 09.VII. 2006); Prasonisi (islet): 1 �� (13.V. 2006 to 09.VII. 2006); Attaviros Mt., 1000 m: 1 �� (12.V. 2006 to 08.VII. 2006) [all leg. Chatzaki & Kaltsas, NHMC]; Leros: Blefouti: 1 �� (23.VII. 1997) [leg. M. Engvall, NHMC]; TURKEY: Smyrne: 3 33 2 ���� (MNHN 5-1912). Comments: Both sexes of B. ensigera share very similar structures with B. cypria and B. hakani. However males are easily distinguished by the tibial apophysis, distinct in all three species (compare Figs 10, 14, 16). In females the distinction is more difficult: the shape of the lateral margins is one distinctive character (compare Figs 11, 20, 22) and the length and shape of the scape is another. However the latter may differ among individuals depending on the extension of the organ at the moment of the animal���s death. The new synonymy here proposed is based on the description of a female as Haplodrassus grazianoi by Caporiacco (1948: 59, Fig. 10). The illustration presented by Caporiacco clearly represents one of the three Berinda species (B. ensigera, B. cypria or B. hakani -see below and Figs 11���12 and 20���23). The shape of the scape mostly resembles B. ensigera, although the shadows at the lateral margins (also in combination to the shape of the scape) would suggest B. hakani. However since B. ensigera was found by the authors multiple times on the island of Rodos, which is the type locality of H. grazianoi, it may be safely concluded that the latter corresponds to B. ensigera. Distribution. GREECE: Attiki, Peloponnisos, Aegean Islands: Crete, Rodos, Samos, Leros, Poros, Salamina; TURKEY: Smyrne., Published as part of Panayiotou, Eleni, Kaltsas, Dimitris, Seyyar, Osman & Chatzaki, Maria, 2010, Revision of the genus Berinda (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) in the East Mediterranean with the description of two new species, pp. 44-54 in Zootaxa 2362 on pages 47-50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275752, {"references":["Roewer, C. F. (1928) Araneae. In: Zoologische Streifzuge in Attika, Morea, und besonders auf der Insel Kreta, XI. Abhandlungen vom naturwissenschaftlichen Verein zu Bremen, 27, 92 - 123.","Chatzaki, M., Thaler, K. & Mylonas, M. (2002 a) Ground spiders (Gnaphosidae; Araneidae) of Kriti (Greece). Tanonomy and distribution. I. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 109, 559 - 601.","Karol, S. (1967) Turkish spiders. I. A preliminary list. Com. de la Faculte des sciences de l' Universite de Ankara, 109 (7), 1 - 34.","Hadjissarantos, H. (1940) The spiders of Attiki. Thesis, University of Athens, Athens, 132 pp (in Greek)."]}

The characteristic features of Oecobius rhodiensis Kritscher, 1966 and Oecobius teliger O.P.-Cambridge, 1872, which are recorded for the first time in Turkey, are presented in this paper. Identification keys for the Turkish species, digital and SEM photographs, and drawings of genitalia of the new recorded species are also given together with their zoogeographical distributions.

Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi'nden, 2007 yılının Mart ayından başlayarak 2008 yılının Aralık ayına kadar iki yıl süre ile toplanan Gnaphosidae örnekleri sistematik bakımdan değerlendirildi. Ergin 615 erkek ve 791 dişi gnafozid örümceği incelendi. Bu değerlendirme sonucunda Gnaphosidae familyası içerisinde yer alan yirmi cinse ait toplam kırk yedi tür tespit edildi. Bunlardan Nomisia anatolica Seyyar, Ayyıldız ve Topçu, 2009 bilim dünyası için yeni olarak tespit edildi ve yayımlandı. Arboricaria koeni, Cesonia aspida, Drassodes lacertosus, Drassodes serratichelis, Drassyllus crimeaensis, Gnaphosa mongolica, Haplodrassus invalidus, Haplodrassus morosus, Haplodrassus mediterraneus, Nomisia negebensis, Setaphis carmeli, Setaphis fuscipes, Trachyzelotes lyonnetii, Zelotes ilotarum türleri Türkiye faunası için yeni kayıt olarak belirlendi. Anagraphis pallens, Aphantaulax trifasciata, Berinda ensigera, Callilepis cretica, Callilepis nocturna, Drassodes lapidosus, Drassodes pubescens, Drassodes lutescens, Drassyllus praeficus, Gnaphosa dolosa, Gnaphosa opaca, Haplodrassus dalmatensis, Haplodrassus signifer, Micaria albovittata, Micaria pulicaria, Micaria coarctata, Micaria rossica, Nomisia aussereri, Nomisia exornata, Nomisia orientalis, Nomisia palaestina, Nomisia ripariensis, Parasyrisca turkenica, Phaeocedus braccatus, Poecilochroa senilis, Poecilochroa variana, Scotophaeus scutulatus, Trachyzelotes malkini, Zelotes caucasius, Zelotes puritanus, Zelotes tenuis ise daha önce Türkiye'den kaydedilen taksonlar olarak tespit edildi.Örnekler araziden aspiratör, atrap ve çukur tuzak kullanılarak toplandı. Toplanan örneklerin teşhis, çizim ve ölçüm işlemleri yapıldı. Tarama elektron mikroskobunda bazı taksonların incelemeleri yapıldı ve fotoğrafları çekildi. Yeni ve bilinen türlerin örneklerimiz üzerinden tanımları yapılarak sistematik sorunları tartışıldı. Ayrıca cins ve tür düzeyinde teşhis anahtarları düzenlendi. Örnekler etiketlenerek müze materyali olarak muhafaza altına alındı. Ground spiders collected from East Mediterranean Region in Turkey during two years, beginning from March 2007 to December 2008 were evaluated from a systematic point of view. Adult 615 males and 791 females gnaphosid spider were examined. Totally forty seven species belonging to twenty genera in the family of Gnaphosidae were determined. Of these, Nomisia anatolica Seyyar, Ayyıldız and Topçu, 2009, is new to science; Arboricaria koeni, Cesonia aspida, Drassodes lacertosus, Drassodes serratichelis, Drassyllus crimeaensis, Gnaphosa mongolica, Haplodrassus invalidus, Haplodrassus morosus, Haplodrassus mediterraneus, Nomisia negebensis, Setaphis carmeli, Setaphis fuscipes, Trachyzelotes lyonnetii and Zelotes ilotarum are new records for the Turkish fauna; Anagraphis pallens, Aphantaulax trifasciata, Berinda ensigera, Callilepis cretica, Callilepis nocturna, Drassodes lapidosus, Drassodes pubescens, Drassodes lutescens, Drassyllus praeficus, Gnaphosa dolosa, Gnaphosa opaca, Haplodrassus dalmatensis, Haplodrassus signifer, Micaria albovittata, Micaria pulicaria, Micaria coarctata, Micaria rossica, Nomisia aussereri, Nomisia exornata, Nomisia orientalis, Nomisia palaestina, Nomisia ripariensis, Parasyrisca turkenica, Phaeocedus braccatus, Poecilochroa senilis, Poecilochroa variana, Scotophaeus scutulatus, Trachyzelotes malkini, Zelotes caucasius, Zelotes puritanus and Zelotes tenuis have already been recorded from Turkey.All specimens were collected from field by using aspirator, sweep net and pitfall traps. Identifications, drawings and measurements of the collected specimens were provided. Some taxa were photographed and examined in scanning electron microscope. The definitions of the new and known taxa were given and their systematic problems were discussed on the basis of our samples. Furthermore, the identification keys to the genera and species were provided. The specimens which were labelled were preserved as museum materials. 184