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Plasma cell myeloma is a monoclonal disease characterized by anemia, monoclonal protein in serum and or urine, osteolytic in bones, hypercalcemia, and renal failure. The study aims to evaluate the percentage of plasma cells in bone marro , the of bone marro involvement, the intensity of fibrosis and angiogenesis in bone marro , and to assess their relationship ith prognostic markers. In this study, bone marro biopsies of 135 plasma cell myeloma cases ere re-evaluated regarding plasma cell percentage and the pattern of bone marro involvement. Fibrosis as assessed in 132 cases ith reticulin staining and vessel density (M D) in 51 cases ith CD34 staining. The relation of these morphological parameters ith stage and survival lesions pattern clinical as analyzed. Plasma cell percentage, involvement pattern and micro-vessel density sho ed statistically significant micro -status correlation ith stage, hile bone marro fibrosis as not significantly correlated (p 0.05, p 0.001, p 0.011, p 0.05, respectively). percentage of plasma cells, diffuse pattern of bone marro involvement, and increase in the degree of fibrosis as correlated increase in M D (p 0.001, p 0.001, p 0.036 respectively). The present study suggested that evaluation of plasma cell infiltration pattern, fibrosis and micro-vessel density in bone marro biopsies of ne ly diagnosed plasma cell myeloma cases be useful tools in the management and maintenance of the treatment. Elevation in ith an percentage, might

In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of the fasting serum levels of Anjiopoetın 2 - like protein (ANGPTL2), Anjiopoetın 8-like protein (ANGPTL8), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the etiopathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and analyze the relationships between insulin resistance parameters.The 90 individuals admitted to İzmir Katip Celebi University Hospital Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Obstetrics, and gynecology outpatient clinic were included in the study of similar ages and similar demographic characteristics. Forty-five women with diet-controlled GDM and 45 women with normoglycemic pregnancy were enrolled. ANGPTL-2, ANGPTL-8, hs-CRP, creatinine, ALT, GGT, lipid profile, HBA1c(%), and serum insülin, c-peptide levels were studied in the fasting serum samples of research groups. All individuals had 75-g OGTT testing. GDM screening was performed at 24-28 weeks' gestation. Exclusion criteria were as follows: Age18 years or40 years, pregestational diabetes (type 1 or 2), drug or alcohol abuse, thyroid dysfunction, Hepatitis B, and other infectious diseases (Herpes virus, Streptococcus B carriers, Chlamydia and Candida), Thalassemia carriers or other significant medical conditions, the use of any medication that interferes with lipid or glucose metabolism that would affect glucose regulation.Forty-five women with GDM and for the control group, 45 women with normoglycemic pregnant women were identified. The mean gestational age was 30.7 (18-38) for GDM and 29.6 (24-39) for the control group. Serum ANGPTL-8 (GDM =19.5 ± 93 Control = 0.73 ± 3.78ANGPTL8 levels were significantly higher in GDM than in healthy control group. ANGPTL2 levels and hs-CRP levels were similar to the healthy control group. Elevated serum ANGPTL8 levels were correlated significantly with insulin resistance parameters, the main component of GDM pathophysiology. Our data showed that ANGPTL8 could be a new biomarker for diagnosing GDM.

Guillain-Barre sendromu (GBS), çoklu sinir köklerini ve periferik sinirleri etkileyen bağışıklık aracılı bir periferik nöropatidir. Patogenez tam olarak anlaşılamamıştır ve etiyolojisi belirsizdir. Enfeksiyonlar, maligniteler, aşılama ve kemik iliği nakli suçlanmıştır. Plazmaferez ve intravenöz immünoglobulin tedavi için kullanılabilir. Multipl miyelom, klonal plazma hücrelerinin anormal proliferasyonu ile karakterize malign bir hastalıktır. Kemoterapi ve otolog transplantasyon, multipl miyelom için birincil tedavilerdir. Burada plazmaferez ile düzelen otolog transplantasyon sonrası Guillain-Barre sendromu gelişen multipl miyelom olgusu sunulmuştur., Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated peripheral neuropathy involving multiple nerve roots and peripheral nerves. The pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, and etiology is unclear. Infections, malignancies, vaccination, and bone marrow transplantation have been accused. Plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin can be used for treatment. Multiple myeloma is a malignant disease characterized by an abnormal proliferation of clonal plasma cells. Chemotherapy and autologous transplantation are primary therapies for multiple myeloma. Herein a case of multiple myeloma developing Guillain-Barre syndrome after autologous transplantation improved by plasmapheresis is presented.

Background: To determine the rates of Microcytosis (%), Macrocytosis (%), Hypochromia (%), and Hyperchromia (%) as erythrocyte morphological parameters in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, using a new-generation hematological autoanalyser, and to evaluate the use of these parameters for diagnostic purposes. Material and Method: This retrospective study included 66 patients (F:41, M:25) with COVID-19 infection confirmed by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test positivity, and 67 age and gender-matched healthy individuals (F:40, M:27) as a control group. The COVID-19 patients were separated into two groups as those with pulmonary infiltration (n=35, F/M:20/15) and those without (n=31, F/M:21/10). The hematological parameters measured on the autoanalyzer were analyzed and compared between the groups. Results: Age and gender distribution were similar in both study groups (p=0.619, p=0.457). The White Blood Cell (p=0.040) Neutrophil (p Conclusion: From the erythrocyte morphological findings determined with the new-generation devices, the Microcytosis percentage was determined to be significantly increased in COVID-19-positive patients, and this parameter was found to have 78.79% sensitivity and 50.75% specificity in the differentiation of COVID-19 patients from healthy individuals. &nbsp

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still spreading rapidly around the world, and early detection before its severe symptoms begin is important, but challenges in early detection remain. There is also very little data on the effects of COVID-19 on amino acid metabolism. The aim of this study is to analyze the free amino acid profile in the blood serum of COVID-19 patients and to determine their biomarker potential for diagnosis. Materials and Methods: In this study, blood samples were taken from 30 COVID-19 patients and 30 healthy individuals, and their amino acid profile was analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Biomarker and pathway analyzes from multivariate statistical analyzes were performed with the MetaboAnalyst program. Results: Among the amino acids we analyzed, 6 of them were amino acids with strong potential to be used in the diagnosis of COVID-19. According to the AUC value (>0.800), these amino acids are alpha-aminoadipic acid, arginine, proline, alanine, sarcosine and citrulline, respectively. In addition, according to the pathway analysis, it was found that arginine and proline metabolisms were significantly impaired in COVID-19 disease (p

Aim: Bone marrow examination (BME) is commonly implemented to diagnose hemato-oncological diseases. There are only a few reports on diseases diagnosed via the BME and diagnostic yield in patients who applied to the hematology department This study aimed to identify the primary indications and diagnoses of BME in patients who underwent bone marrow biopsy at Dokuz Eylul University in Turkey.

Background Differentiation of multiple myeloma (MM) from osteolytic metastatic (OM) bone lesions may be critical in patients with lytic bone lesions but can be challenging for radiologists. Purpose To determine whether computed tomography (CT) can be used to distinguish between MM and other OM bone lesions. Material and Methods In this retrospective study, 320 lesions of 207 patients diagnosed with MM or OM, based on biopsy or clinical examination, were evaluated. Eight qualitative features were evaluated by two radiologists blinded to the diagnoses. The chi-square and Fisher exact tests, and logistic regression analysis, were used to evaluate the relationships between the CT findings and diagnoses. Results High-density areas were more common in OM than MM lesions (85.2% and 19%, P 2 = 0.516, P Conclusion MM and OM lesions can be differentiated by CT; OM lesions exhibit high- density areas.

Pseudohypoaldosteronism is a rare disease characterized by resistance to aldosterone-targeted organs, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, and severe salt loss in hyperaldosteronism. Homozygous mutations in SCNN1A, SCNN1B, and SCNN1G genes were found to be responsible for the etiology. About 80 cases with molecular basis have been reported to date. In this case, a newborn patient admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit due to feeding problems was examined. The parents of the patient had a consanguineous marriage, and they had lost their three sons due to hyperkalemia. Since she had hyponatremia and hyperkalemia, congenital adrenal hyperplasia was primarily considered. Although the initial evaluation was made in this direction, the patient was diagnosed as pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 with the findings obtained during the process such as dehydration, cortisol levels, adrenocorticotropic hormone levels, and negative CYP21A2 analysis result. This clinical diagnosis was confirmed by the novel homozygous frame-shift variant c.1245_1246insC (p.N416Qfs*35) in SCNN1B shown by gene analysis. In this report, we seek to emphasize that aldosterone deficiency should be one of the first diagnoses to be considered in neonatal patients with hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, and dehydration.

Race and ethnic backgrounds affect the disease characteristics and clinical outcomes in many cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia; however, the association of race/ethnicity on myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is still controversial. Therefore, we aimed to study the impact of race/ethnicity on the disease characteristics and survival outcomes in patients with MDS. Adult patients with MDS diagnosed in 2004-2016 were selected using the SEER database. Race/ethnicity was categorized as non-Hispanic White (NHW), non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and Hispanic. Hispanic and NHB patients had significantly lower incidence rate ratio (IRR) in age group ≥01 years (

The global COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has created great problems in healthcare systems throughout the world. Although, just like other respiratory tract viral infections, it is a disease with pathophysiological processes associated in general with cytokine production, inflammation, cell death, and redox imbalance or oxidative stress, very little is known about the pathology. Also, in recent studies, the effect of asprosin, which has an important and complex role on metabolism, on COVID-19 is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the level of asprosin, a new hormone that has the potential to affect many metabolic pathways such as glucose metabolism, in COVID-19 patients. In addition, it is to determine whether asprosin is associated with oxidative stress in COVID-19 patients.Blood samples were taken from 30 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 confirmed with RT-PCR test and 30 healthy control subjects. The serum asprosin level was analyzed with ELISA, and total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels with colorimetric analysis.The asprosin and TAS levels were determined to be statistically significantly decreased in the COVID-19 patients, and the TOS and OSI levels were significantly increased.It can be thought that a decrease in asprosin level in COVID-19 patients causes a decrease in metabolic activity, prevents sufficient energy production in patients, and therefore oxidative stress increases in patients.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant condition characterized by the accumulation of malignant plasma cells. Although MM remains incurable, the survival of MM patients has improved considerably due to the application of autologous stem cell transplantation, novel agents, and advanced treatment strategies. This study aimed to determine the cytogenetic characterization and bone marrow (BM) features of Turkish patients with MM.Eighty-five MM patients were admitted to Dokuz Eylül University Hospital in Turkey. BM samples of these MM patients were subjected to cytogenetic analyses at diagnosis and during therapy as a part of therapeutical and clinical evaluation. A complete cytogenetic study was performed using the G-banding technique. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis was performed using cytoplasmic immunoglobulin. The degree of BM fibrosis was determined using reticulin histochemical staining. We determined the percentage of BM plasma cells based on the extent of CD38 staining.Eighty-five MM patients were retrospectively identified between 2015 and 2021. The median age was 63 (38-90) years. Of the 85 patients, 60 (70.6%) were male and 25 (29.4%) were female. Seventy-two (84.7%) cases had BM fibrosis at the time of diagnosis. The most common was grade 2 fibrosis, recorded in 35 cases (41.2%). About 72.9% of the patients showed more than 50% plasma cells. FISH analysis indicated the presence of abnormal chromosomes in 37% (32/85) of the patients. The most frequent abnormality was Immunoglobulin heavy-chain (IGH) translocation (21.3%).Subgroup analysis of IGH mutations is crucial in the identification of high-risk MM patients. We believe that our study will contribute to the determination of BM biopsy and cytogenetic features of MM patients in our country.Multipl myelom (MM), malign plazma hücrelerinin birikmesi ile karakterize malign bir durumdur. MM tam kür sağlamanan hastalık olmasa da, uygulanan otolog kök hücre nakli ve yeni ilaçlar ve yeni tedavi stratejileri nedeniyle MM hastalarının sağkalımı önemli ölçüde gelişmiştir. Bu çalışmada MM’li Türk hastalarda sitogenetik karakterizasyon ve kemik iliği (Kİ) özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Türkiye’deki Dokuz Eylül Üniversite Hastanesi’ndeki 85 MM hastasını kaydettik. Bu MM hastalarının kemik iliği örneklerinde, tedavi ve klinik değerlendirmenin bir parçası olarak tanı anında ve tedavi süresince sitogenetik analiz yapıldı. G-bantlama tekniği kullanılarak tam bir sitogenetik çalışma gerçekleştirildi. Fazlar arası Floresan in situ hibridizasyon (FISH) analizi, sitoplazmik immünoglobulin ile yapıldı. Kemik iliği fibrozunun derecesi, retikülinin histokimyasal boyası kullanılarak belirlendi. Kİ plazma hücrelerinin yüzdesi, CD38 boyamasınına göre belirlendi.2015 ve 2021 yılları arasında geriye dönük olarak 85 MM hastası belirlendi. Ortanca yaş 63 (38-90) yıldı. Seksen beş hastanın 60’ı (%70,6) erkek, 25’i (%29,4) kadındı. Tanı anında kemik iliği fibrozu 72 olguda (%84,7) mevcuttu. En sık 35 hastada (%41,2) derece 2 fibrozis görüldü. Hastaların %72,9’unda plazma hücre yüzdeleri %50’den fazlaydı. FISH analizi sonuçlarında kromozom anomalilerinin varlığı %37 (32/85) oranındadır. En sık kromozom görülen anormallik IGH translokasyonuydu (%21,3).IGH mutasyonlarının alt grup analizi, yüksek riskli MM hastalarının belirlenmesinde kritik öneme sahiptir. Çalışmamızın ülkemizdeki MM hastalarının Kİ biyopsisi ve sitogenetik özelliklerinin belirlenmesine katkı sağlayacağına inanıyoruz.

Aim Management of blood transfusions is a critical issue, especially in cirrhotic patients, because of the absence of national policies in many countries. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is a common blood component misused excessively in various clinical situations and cirrhosis patients without any scientific rationale. We evaluated the FFP transfusions in patients with cirrhosis at our tertiary care hospital. Material and Method The cases with cirrhosis diagnosed between 2014 and 2020 were selected using the hospital database. The appropriateness of FFP transfusion was determined based on the Practice Guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and Italian guidelines. Result Two hundred and six liver cirrhosis patients were identified who received FFP transfusion. The median age was 63 (22–94). Of the 206 patients, 79 (38.3 %) were female, and 127 (61.7 %) were men. The most common causes of liver cirrhosis were alcohol (27.7 %). 45.6 % of the patients were in Child-Pugh Class C. We found 62.1 % of FFP replacements were inappropriately used. Most inappropriate use of FFP (22.8 %, n = 47) occurred to correct prolonged INR in the absence of bleeding. Conclusion To avoid inappropriate usage of FFP, regular utilization reviews and formal education programs can be helpful. Our clinic has planned to arrange educational programs for physicians to use blood products appropriately and minimize transfusion-related side effects.

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is an apheresis procedure in which plasma is separated from the blood cellular components ex vivo, allocated, and replaced with another plasma or a plasma-replacing fluid. This study aimed to define the rate of complications and determine TPE distribution in various neurological diseases. Our study is a retrospective analysis of neurologic diseases requiring TPE between 2008 and 2019 that were selected using the medical records of neurology departments and apheresis units database. We performed 1459 TPE procedures on 207 patients between 2008 and 2019. TPE Procedure is most frequently applied in patients with Myasthenia-Gravis syndrome (34.7%). The complication ratio was 1.6% from a total of 1459 TPE procedures. The most commonly specified adverse event was allergic reactions 11 (5.3%), followed by hypotension 6 (2.9%). TPE was safe and tolerable, with manageable complications in experienced hands.

The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between serum meteorin-like protein levels and thiol/disulfide balance in patients with COVID-19.This is a prospective case-control study including 52 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients (group 1) and 34 controls (group 2). The present study included patients aged 18 and older who were admitted to the emergency department with symptoms of COVID-19. Meteorin-like protein levels were analyzed using the YL Biont ELISA Kits protocol. Thiol/disulfide balance was studied using the spectrophotometric method.There were 35 males and 17 females in group 1, and 20 males and 14 females in group 2. The groups were similar in terms of gender and age (p0.05 and p0.05, respectively). Meteorin-like protein was significantly lower in group 1 (p0.001). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of total thiol level (p0.05). Disulfide, disulfide/native thiol ratio, and disulfide/total thiol ratio were significantly higher in group 1 (p0.001, p0.001, and p0.001, respectively). Native thiol was higher in group 2 (p = 0.002). Native thiol/total thiol ratio was significantly higher in group 2 (p0.001). Disulfide, SS/SH%, SS/TT%, and SH/TT% parameters had remarkably high sensitivity (98.1% for them all) and specificity (85.3% for disulfide and 100% for SS/SH%, SS/TT%, and SH/TT%) in differentiating patients and healthy subjects.In this study, thiol/disulfide balance, which is an indicator of oxidative stress, was disturbed in the disulfide direction and meteorin-like protein was significantly lower in patients with COVID-19. Thiol/disulfide balance and metrnl may play a role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19.

Objective: This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy, safety, and survival outcome of single-agent ibrutinib therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 136 patients (mean age +/- standard deviation: 64.6 +/- 10.3 years, 66.9% males) who had received at least one dose of ibrutinib were included in this retrospective multicenter, noninterventional hospital-registry study conducted at 33 centers across Turkey. Data on patient demographics, baseline characteristics, laboratory findings, and leukemia-cell cytogenetics were retrieved. Treatment response, survival outcome including overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and safety data were analyzed. Results: Overall, 36.7% of patients were categorized as Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) class 2-3, while 44.9% were in Rai stage 4. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed the presence of del(17p) in 39.8% of the patients. Patients received a median of 2.0 (range: 0-7) lines of pre-ibrutinib therapy. Median duration of therapy was 8.8 months (range: 0.4-58.0 months). The 1-year PFS and OS rates were 82.2% and 84.6%, respectively, while median PFS time was 30.0 (standard error, 95% confidence interval: 5.1, 20.0-40.0) months and median OS time was 37.9 (3.2, 31.5-44.2) months. Treatment response (complete or partial response), PFS time, and OS time were better with 0-2 lines versus 3-7 lines of prior therapy (p, Janssen Pharmaceutica Turkey, This study was supported by Janssen Pharmaceutica Turkey. The authors would like to thank Prof. Sule Oktay, MD, PhD, and Cala Ayhan, MD, from KAPPA Consultancy Training Research Ltd. (stanbul, Turkey) , who provided editorial support.

Can, Demet (Balikesir Author), Background: In recent years, pets keeping has become widespread in Turkey. In parallel, the prevalence of allergy to cat has increased. It is important to distinguish cat allergy from sensitization to cat al-lergen. Studies investigating cat allergy in children are rare. In our study, it was planned to investigate the clinical features of cat allergy and sensitization to cat allergen in children living in big cities. Method: Skin prick test (SPT) included cat allergen was applied to 3499 (16.8%) patients among 20717 patients who applied with any al-lergic complaints to two center of Pediatric Allergy Outpatient Clinics in İzmir and Balıkesir between 01.01.2019– 31.12.2020. Accepted as sensitization to cat allergen if any average wheal diameter was ≥3 mm bigger than the negative control. 140 (4%) children with sensitization to cat allergen were included in this study. Cat allergy was defined as the occurrence of reproducible symptoms or signs initiated by ex-posure to a cat. The patients were divided into groups first as mono-sensitized and polysensitized, and then as those with cat allergy and sensitization to cat allergen. Demographic data, allergic histories and laboratory results of the patients in each group were recorded. SPT threshold values of those with cat allergies were calculated, a ques-tionnaire was applied for the precautions they took for cat allergy. Results: 32% of the patients had sensitization to cat allergen, 68% had cat allergy and the most common symptom was sneezing. 57% of children with cat allergy were male and the mean age was 12.1 years. 17% of children with sensitization to cat allergen and 16% of children with cat allergy were monosensitized. It was found that the threshold value for SPT was 6.3 mm in monoosensitized patients (13.5%) with cat allergy, and the SPT was above 6.5 mm in polysen-sitized patients (86.5%). In the polysensitized group, the most com-mon aroallergens detected sensitivity other than cat allergen were grass and olive tree pollen, respectively. 50% of families to cat al-lergy in their children gave up their ownership of cats and sent them to a relative. 88% of children with cat allergy said that they would like to be allergen- specific immunotherapy (AIT). Conclusion: Cat allergy is more common in boys and the most com-mon complaint is sneezing. In patients with suspicious history, the SPT threshold value may be helpful to differentiate sensitization to cat allergen from cat allergy. Half of those with cat allergies do not give up their cats and prefer AIT.

Background: Follicular lymphoma is the second most frequent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 20-25% of NHL cases in western countries. Although it has an indolent character, progressive disease or relapse occurs within first two years following therapy initiation in ~20% of FL cases. Several somatic mutations were identified in genes of epigenetic regulation or other biological processes by sequencing of FL tumors. Current diagnostic and prognostic evaluations include invasive methodologies that may be less effective and more risky for the FL patients. Therefore, there is urgent need for development of non-invasive methods to improve diagnosis as well as risk stratification. Accumulating evidence has shown that circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) includes tumor-derived mutations in several cancer types; however, this possibility has not been comprehensively investigated in FL patients. Here we evaluated the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of cfDNA in FL cases by addressing the proportion by which cfDNA samples contains cancer-associated and prognosis-related mutations. Methods: Twenty FL cases with available clinic data were included in this study. Thirteen of these cases were symptomatic who were later treated with R-chemo whereas rest of the cases were asymptomatic who were in watchful-waiting. Plasma cfDNA, granulocyte DNA, and FFPE tumor tissue DNA samples were obtained from treatment-naive FL cases. A custom gene panel including exons and exon-intron boundaries of 110 FL-associated genes was constructed based on previously published studies for ultra-deep targeted sequencing. Paired-end sequencing of the captured regions were performed using a HiSeq system in Novogene, which generated 150 bp NGS reads. Targeted genomic regions were covered with > 1500X average effective sequencing depth for identification of somatic variants with low variant allele fractions (VAF). Variants present in cfDNA and tumor tissue DNA but not in patient-matched granulocyte DNA were identified with the GATK pipeline including the MuTect2 variant caller. Somatic variants associated with hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues in the COSMIC database were chosen for further analyses. The final high-confident list of variants was determined by visual investigation and through additional filtering of each variant using Integrative Genomics Viewer. Selected variants were cross-validated with Sanger sequencing. Survival analyses were performed with Survival and Survminer R packages. Results: Ultra-deep targeted sequencing revealed 91 somatic variants (71 missense, 12 nonsense, 4 indel, 4 splice site) in 31 genes included in the panel. Consistent with previous reports, the most frequently mutated genes were CREBBP (40%), BCL2 (30%), STAT6 (25%), EZH2 (20%), and CARD11 (20%). In symptomatic cases, 41.5% of the variants was present in both cfDNA and tumor tissue DNA, whereas 52.3% and 6.2% of them was present only in tumor tissue DNA or in cfDNA samples, respectively. In asymptomatic cases, 11.5% of the detected variants was present in both cfDNA and tumor tissue DNA, while 84.6% and 3.8% of them were in only tumor tissue DNA or cfDNA samples. Mutations previously reported to be associated with FL pathogenesis (e.g. KMT2D R2417*) were in the list of common variants observed in both cfDNA and tumor tissue DNA. We observed high Ki67 staining, elevated LDH levels, presence of BCL2 or CCND3 mutations to be significantly associated with progression-free survival (Figure 1A, B). Importantly, survival analysis by stratifying patients based on BCL2 mutations present only in cfDNA also predicted poor prognosis (Figure 1C). One of the FL patient who had progressive disease contained histological transformation-associated gene (i.e. B2M and BTG1) mutations only in the cfDNA but not in tumor tissue DNA sample. Finally, we cross-validated the selected somatic variants with VAF >20% using Sanger sequencing, which showed 100% consistency with NGS results. Conclusions: Tumor tissue-derived mutations can be detected in most FL patients albeit to a lesser extent than those in DLBCL. Plasma cfDNA genotyping may be useful for improving diagnosis and prognosis especially in symptomatic FL patients. Given that some somatic mutations associated with disease progression are detected only in plasma cfDNA samples, cfDNA genotyping may be useful for choosing appropriate therapy for high-risk FL patients. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Background: There is a possible relation between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and various clinical conditions. These conditions can render RDW disadvantageous in its relation with cardiovascular disease. There may be a relation between the severity of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the percentage of hypochromia (hypo%), percentage of hyperchromia (hyper%), percentage of macrocytosis (MAC%), and percentage of microcytosis (MIC%) values measured using new-generation hematological devices. Objective: We aimed to examine the relation between the SYNTAX score and the hypo%, hyper%, MAC%, and MIC% values in patients admitted with ACS. Method: A group of 55 patients who underwent coronary angiography with diagnosis of ACS (STEMI and NSTEMI) and a control group of 48 patients with normal coronary arteries were included in the study. Venous blood samples were collected in the morning after a fasting of at least 8 h and analyzed using standard laboratory methods. Hemogram parameters were studied using Alinity HQ (Abbott, USA) a completely automated hemogram autoanalyzer. Biochemical parameters were studied using Architect c16000 (Abbott, USA) a completely automated biochemistry autoanalyzer. Results: Significant difference was observed in erythrocyte morphology-related tests (mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, RDW, hypo%, hyper%, MIC%, and MAC%) between the groups. Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the SYNTAX score and MAC% (r = 0.315, p = 0.019). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for MAC% to identify the independent predictors of the SYNTAX score (β = 0.315, p = 0.019). Conclusion: Changes in MAC% test can be measured in emergencies with new-generation hematological devices and used as independent predictors of the presence of severe coronary artery disease.