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Network on Chip (NoC) is a new distributed, scalable, packet switched-based on chip which has been suggested as perfect solution for traditional centralized, non-scalable bus-based systems on chip (SoC) to handle issues like out-of order transactions, higher latencies, and end-to-end flow control. The NoC provides parallel and multi-core processing platform and is constructed from a set of Routers (R), Links (L), Intellectual Property (IP) cores, and Network Adapters (NA). The NA as individual hardware entity makes it possible IP cores with different data width and frequency connected to NoC. In other words, by decoupling computation from communication the NA allows IP Core modules and interconnects to be designed independently from each other. The design of NA impacts directly on NoC based SoCs critical parameters such as power dissipation, latency, throughput, and silicon area. This paper presents the comprehensive review of state-of-the-art architectures and the developments of NA which have been proposed in literature. Moreover, three type of parameters namely design (design goal, building components, Quality of Service (QoS), Core Interface Protocol (CIP), Security consideration, and Design for Test (DfT)), performance (power dissipation, latency, area, and throughput), and evaluation parameters (evaluation platform, clock frequency, technology scale) which have impact on NA architectures are evaluated and highlighted in comparative tables and figures. Furthermore, all the concepts that are considered in the design of NA is classified. Finally, concluding remarks and future research direction are provided.

the research themes studied in this book have been introduced referring to the palaeoecological and facies analysis techniques and methodologies, pertaining, in particular, an Oligo-Miocene carbonate succession of the Persian Gulf (Asmari Formation), the chemostratigraphy of Paleozoic carbonates of Peninsular Malaysia through the integration of stratigraphic, sedimentologic and geochemical data and the chronostratigraphy of a small ice-dammed palaeolake in Andorra, applying the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) analysis, resulting in 6th order stratigraphic cycles, which have outlined the occurrence of glacially-controlled system tracts and unconformities.

The purpose of this study is lithostratigraphic investigation of Oligocene–Miocene salt deposits in the SE Persian Gulf. This study is based on lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy data, gamma ray and sonic logs of nine drilled wells along southeast Persian Gulf to Strait of Hormuz. As a result, the Oligocene–Miocene deposits of this region were subdivided into four formations (Fms) which include Pabdeh Fm (Rupelian–Chattian), Asmari Fm (Rupelian–Aquitanian), Gachsaran Fm (Aquitanian) and Mishan Fm (Burdigalian). The salt and evaporated deposits situated between the Pabdeh and Gachsaran Fms which are assigned to the Aquitanian age. Finally the stratigraphical setting and distribution of the salt deposits are cleared.