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Background: The primary reasons for labiaplasty usually revolve around aesthetic, sexual, and functional concerns. Upon delving deeper into these issues, it becomes apparent that sexual partners play a controversial role in influencing women's decisions to undergo surgery. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impact of sexual partners on women's choices to pursue labiaplasty. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across electronic databases covering the period from January 2000 to February 2024. After removing duplicates, a total of 931 articles were retrieved by searching keywords in titles and abstracts. Outcomes: The meta-analysis revealed that 36.7% of women who sought labiaplasty cited their partners' negative comments as a factor influencing their decision. Results: After applying the eligibility criteria and excluding irrelevant articles, a total of 12 articles involving 962 participants were included in the analysis. With the exception of 2 articles, the majority of the studies suggested a discernible influence of male partners on women's decisions to seek labiaplasty. Frequently, sexual partners are not the primary decision makers, nor do they exert significant pressure when it comes to seeking labiaplasty. In certain instances, women seeking labiaplasty acknowledged that their sexual partners did influence their decisions, either by making disparaging comments about their genitalia or by directly pressuring or requesting them to undergo labiaplasty. Additionally, women might opt for labiaplasty out of fear of their partner's negative remarks or to enhance sexual pleasure for their partners. For a more accurate result, a meta-analysis was conducted noting a considerable heterogeneity. Clinical Implications: The findings of this study can be applied in prelabiaplasty counseling sessions to acknowledge and explore the role of the sexual partner in women's decision making. Strengths and Limitations: This study stands as the inaugural systematic review examining the impact of sexual partners on women seeking labiaplasty, encompassing all original studies exploring the role of the sexual partner. However, a notable limitation lies in the varied interpretations of the sexual partner's role, that the heterogeneous nature of these interpretations poses a challenge to providing a more precise answer through meta-analysis. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this systematic review, it is evident that sexual partners exert multifaceted influences on women's decisions to seek labiaplasty. While not serving as the primary decision makers, women opt for labiaplasty with the aim of enhancing attractiveness in sexual relationships and mitigating potential negative comments from their partners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HIV status nondisclosure to sexual partners remains a major challenge in Tanzania's health system. This hospital-based, descriptive, cross-sectional study design recruited 380 people living with HIV (PLWH) to assess voluntary HIV status disclosure to sexual partners, the associated factors, and outcomes among PLWH in Tanzania. Approximately 78% (n = 297) of the study participants reported disclosing their HIV status to their sexual partners. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that HIV status disclosure to sexual partners was significantly associated with living with a sexual partner (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]53.91, 95% CI [1.43--10.72]), knowledge of HIV disclosure (AOR = 11.71, 95% CI [2.88--47.63]), known serostatus of the sexual partner (AOR 5 40.20, 95% CI [15.31--105.56]), and HIV disclosure--related stigma (AOR = 0.92, 95% CI [0.85--0.99]). Addressing these significant factors will maximize the magnitude of voluntary disclosure to sexual partners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In May 2023, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released final guidance for blood donor eligibility that recommended the elimination of 3‐month deferral for men who have sex with men (MSM) and the related deferral for women who have sex with MSM. In its place, FDA introduced an individual risk assessment policy of asking all presenting blood donors, regardless of sex or gender, if they have had a new partner or more than one sexual partner in the last 3 months and deferring those who also report anal sex (penile–anal intercourse) during this period. We modeled the possible impact of this policy on the US blood donor base. Study Design and Methods: We developed a computational model to estimate the percentage of blood donors who would be deferred under a policy of individual HIV risk assessment. The model incorporated demographic information about donors and national survey data on HIV risk behaviors and included age and sex distributions and dependencies. Results: Our model estimates that approximately 1.2% of US blood donors would be deferred under the individual HIV risk assessment paradigm. Discussion: The model predicts a relatively minor effect of replacing the time‐based deferral for MSM with individual risk‐based deferral for sexual behavior. As US blood centers implement this new policy, the effect may be mitigated by donor gains, which warrant further study. The new policy is unlikely to adversely affect the availability of blood and blood components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Partner Notification Service is among the strategies used to conduct targeted Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing Service by obtaining information about sexual contacts of index clients to refer for testing. But most people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus are still unaware of their status, including Ethiopia. Limited studies are available on the magnitude of partner notification service utilization and associated factors in Ethiopia. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of partner notification service utilization and associated factors among people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus attending anti-retroviral therapy clinics of public health facilities in Gimbi town, West Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based mixed-method cross-sectional study design was used. Total of 455 study participants were selected by systematic random sampling for quantitative data and health workers were purposively selected for qualitative data until saturation of ideas was reached. The study was conducted from December 1, 2022 to January 30, 2023. Structured questionnaires and key informant interview guides were used for data collection. Quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 25. Open code 4.02 software was used for qualitative data analysis. Frequencies and proportions were used to summarize descriptive statistics. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associated factors then variables with a p value

Background Partner Notifcation Service is among the strategies used to conduct targeted Human Immunodefciency Virus Testing Service by obtaining information about sexual contacts of index clients to refer for testing. But most people living with Human Immunodefciency Virus are still unaware of their status, including Ethiopia. Limited studies are available on the magnitude of partner notifcation service utilization and associated factors in Ethiopia. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of partner notifcation service utilization and associated factors among people living with Human Immunodefciency Virus attending anti-retroviral therapy clinics of public health facilities in Gimbi town, West Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based mixed-method cross-sectional study design was used. Total of 455 study participants were selected by systematic random sampling for quantitative data and health workers were purposively selected for qualitative data until saturation of ideas was reached. The study was conducted from December 1, 2022 to January 30, 2023. Structured questionnaires and key informant interview guides were used for data collection. Quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 25. Open code 4.02 software was used for qualitative data analysis. Frequencies and proportions were used to summarize descriptive statistics. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associated factors then variables with a p value <0.05 were declared to have an association with the dependent variable. Result Exactly 298 (65.5%) of the study participants were notifed their HIV status to their sexual partners. Factors associated with Partner Notifcation Service Utilization were depression AOR: 0.12 (95% CI: 0.07, 0.20), urban settlers AOR: 2.21 (95% CI: 1.2, 3.83), fear of support loss AOR: 0.24 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.40) and intimate partner violence AOR: 0.55 (95% CI: 0.31, 0.97). From qualitative part of this study, factors associated to Partner Notifcation service utilization were fear of stigma, discrimination and fear of divorce. Conclusion Two-third of the study participants were utilized partner notifcation service, and eforts are important to prevent depression and intimate partner violence. Local government bodies and stakeholders should implement economic strengthening and strategies to address the rural community for HIV/AIDS prevention. Promotion of supportive and inclusive environment for PLHIV should also considered as way to increase PNS utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundGender-based violence (GBV) is a pervasive global public health concern and a violation of human rights, particularly pronounced in conflict settings where it is often used as a tool of warfare to instill fear and control populations.ObjectiveAssessment of Magnitude, Associated Factors, and Health Consequences of GBV among women living in war-affected woredas of North Shewa zone, Ethiopia, 2022MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 845 randomly selected women living in conflict zones. Data on GBV experiences over the previous 3 months were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires developed from literature review. The collected data underwent validation, entry into EPI data, and analysis using SPSS. Findings are summarized using descriptive statistics, AOR and 95% confidence interval.ResultThe magnitude of GBV in this study was (490, 58.0%) where, (466, 55.0%) psychological violence, (254, 30.1%) physical violence, and (135, 16.0%) reported sexual violence. A majority of the physical violence, (161, 63.4%), occurred during conflict period, with (143, 56.3%) of these cases involving armed forces, and (161, 63.4%) women experiencing physical violence in their homes. Urban Residence AOR = 2.65, CI, (1.82–3.89), Educational status of Secondary education AOR = 0.33, CI, (0.19–0.57, and ≥College AOR = 0.17, CI, (0.09–0.35), Occupation of Housewife AOR = 1.88, CI, (1.20–2.94), Private employee AOR = 6.95, CI, (3.70–13.04), Gov't employee AOR = 5.80, CI, (2.92–11.50), and others (Students) AOR = 3.46, CI, (1.98–6.01), Ever had sexual intercourse AOR = 0.46, CI, (0.25–0.83), Have heard about SRH AOR = 0.59, CI, (0.40–0.89), Have had previous GBV exposure AOR = 0.24, CI, (0.15–0.38), having a previous history of sexual violence AOR = 0.30, CI, (0.16–0.57), and Number of sexual partner AOR = 1.84, CI, (1.13–2.99) were identified to be associated factors of GBV in our study area. The most commonly reported consequences of GBV were Anxiety, depression, physical injuries, self-blame, women had school dropout, and abortion.ConclusionThe study reveals a higher prevalence of GBV, resulting in profound physical, social, mental, and reproductive health challenges for survivors. To address this, multi-sectoral cooperation is advised to enhance women's empowerment, access to information, and psycho-social support in affected areas. Furthermore, national policymakers are urged to implement preventive measures during conflict and establish legal mechanisms to ensure accountability for perpetrators.

Background: Sexually transmissible infections (STI) are prevalent and increasing among young Australians. This study examined trends in STI testing, sexual health knowledge/behaviours, and pornography use in young people aged 15 – 29 years in Victoria, Australia between 2015 and 2021. Methods: Seven online cross-sectional surveys were conducted in a convenience sample of young people, recruiting a total of 7014 participants (67% female). Logistic regression analyses determined trends over time in binary outcomes. Results: There was a decrease in reports of lifetime vaginal sex over time, while lifetime anal sex remained stable. Among those who had ever had vaginal sex, results showed an increase in the use of long-acting reversible contraceptives on the last occasion of vaginal sex. There was no change in STI testing or condom use with all partner types. Knowledge of STIs and sexual health changed over time: the proportion knowing that chlamydia can make women infertile decreased over time, while knowledge that taking the pill does not reduce fertility increased. There was no change in pornography use after adjusting for demographic variables. Conclusions: Although uptake of long-acting contraceptives increased, STI knowledge and testing, as well as consistent condom use, remained low. Public health interventions should continue to address these critical components of STI prevention. Young people aged 15–29 years account for more than 70% of sexually transmissible infections (STIs) reported in Australia. This study surveyed self-reported STI testing, sexual behaviours, pornography use, and sexual health knowledge in samples of young Victorians over the period of 2015–21, captured through an online survey. Results provide current trends in sexual health behaviours and knowledge to help inform effective public health interventions for young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) face several stressors. It is important that they get both physical, emotional, spiritual, and psychosocial support. Sexual partners are highly encouraged to offer the needed support, since, disclosure of one’s HIV status to a sexual partner can have significant health implications, that are necessary to assist in reaching the goal of an AIDS-free generation. However, little is known about the support systems offered by sexual partners. Aim: The study aimed to explore the support systems offered by the sexual partners of people living with HIV/AIDS at selected primary health care clinics in Mpumalanga. Setting: The study was conducted in three primary health care facilities offering comprehensive HIV care in the Nkangala district, Mpumalanga province South Africa. Methods: The study was qualitative. Purposive sampling was utilized to select 11 patients who were on antiretroviral treatment and receiving care from the selected primary health care facilities. The semi-structured individual interview was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using Tesch's method. Trustworthiness was ensured, and ethical principles were upheld. Results: The study findings revealed three themes describing how PLWHA are supported by their sexual partners to adhere to HIV/AIDS management; The findings show that sexual partners of people living with HIV/AIDS use various support systems to encourage adherence to HIV/AIDS management. Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of sexual partners' support systems towards HIV/AIDS management adherence. It is therefore important for health care providers to explore ways in which sexual partners can be encouraged to provide support to their partners.

Background: Young men who have sex with men and young transgender women (YMSM-YTW) use online spaces to meet sexual partners with increasing regularity, and research shows that experiences of racism online mimics the real world., Objective: We analyzed differences by race and ethnicity in web-based and mobile apps used to meet sexual partners as reported by Chicago-based YMSM-YTW in 2016-2017., Methods: A racially and ethnically diverse sample of 643 YMSM-YTW aged 16-29 years were asked to name websites or mobile apps used to seek a sexual partner in the prior 6 months, as well as provide information about sexual partnerships from the same period. We used logistic regression to assess the adjusted association of race and ethnicity with (1) use of any website or mobile apps to find a sexual partner, (2) use of a "social network" to find a sexual partner compared to websites or mobile apps predominantly used for dating or hookups, (3) use of specific websites or mobile apps, and (4) reporting successfully meeting a sexual partner online among website or mobile app users., Results: While most YMSM-YTW (454/643, 70.6%) used websites or mobile apps to find sexual partners, we found that Black non-Hispanic YMSM-YTW were significantly less likely to report doing so (comparing White non-Hispanic to Black non-Hispanic: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.74, 95% CI 1.10-2.76). Black non-Hispanic YMSM-YTW were more likely to have used a social network site to find a sexual partner (comparing White non-Hispanic to Black non-Hispanic: aOR 0.20, 95% CI 0.11-0.37), though this was only reported by one-third (149/454, 32.8%) of all app-using participants. Individual apps used varied by race and ethnicity, with Grindr, Tinder, and Scruff being more common among White non-Hispanic YMSM-YTW (93/123, 75.6%; 72/123, 58.5%; and 30/123, 24.4%, respectively) than among Black non-Hispanic YMSM-YTW (65/178, 36.5%; 25/178, 14%; and 4/178, 2.2%, respectively) and Jack'd and Facebook being more common among Black non-Hispanic YMSM-YTW (105/178, 59% and 64/178, 36%, respectively) than among White non-Hispanic YMSM-YTW (6/123, 4.9% and 8/123, 6.5%, respectively). Finally, we found that while half (230/454, 50.7%) of YMSM-YTW app users reported successfully meeting a new sexual partner on an app, Black non-Hispanic YMSM-YTW app users were less likely to have done so than White non-Hispanic app users (comparing White non-Hispanic to Black non-Hispanic: aOR 2.46, 95% CI 1.50-4.05)., Conclusions: We found that Black non-Hispanic YMSM-YTW engaged with websites or mobile apps and found sexual partners systematically differently than White non-Hispanic YMSM-YTW. Our findings give a deeper understanding of how racial and ethnic sexual mixing patterns arise and have implications for the spread of sexually transmitted infections among Chicago's YMSM-YTW., (© Kathryn Risher, Patrick Janulis, Elizabeth McConnell, Darnell Motley, Pedro Alonso Serrano, Joel D Jackson, Alonzo Brown, Meghan Williams, Daniel Mendez, Gregory Phillips II, Joshua Melville, Michelle Birkett. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org).)

Abstract Background Repeat abortion is a significant public health problem in China. International knowledge about repeat abortion and its associated factors in Chinese women is scarce. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of repeat abortion among women seeking abortion services with unintended pregnancies in northwestern China and to identify factors associated with the repeat abortion from both two perspectives of abortion seekers themselves and their sexual partners. Methods This cross-sectional survey was conducted from May 1st to May 31st, 2020, in 90 medical institutions in Xi’an, the largest city in northwestern China. All women seeking abortions within the first 12 weeks of pregnancy were invited to participate in this survey; however, only those abortion seekers with unintended pregnancies were extracted and included in this study. Pearson’s chi-squared tests, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, and binary logistic regression analysis were performed. Results Of 3397 abortion seekers, 56.6% (1924) were undergoing repeat abortions. Participants who were older than 30 years (OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.08–1.73 for 31–35 years; 1.82, 1.29–2.57 for ≥36 years), received a low-level education (1.86, 1.42–2.43 for ≤senior high school; 1.46, 1.17–1.83 for junior college), were jobless (2.46, 1.18–5.13), had one child (1.54, 1.10–2.17), had a general (1.60, 1.28–1.98) or no (2.51, 2.02–3.11) cognition of possible adverse health effects of having abortions, and had used contraception at the time of conception, i.e., condoms (1.33, 1.09–1.61), withdrawal (1.43, 1.12–1.84), and emergency measures (1.48, 1.09–1.99) were more likely to undergo a repeat abortion. Besides, participants whose sexual partners were older than 30 years (1.33, 1.06–1.68 for 31–35 years; 2.13, 1.56–2.91 for ≥36 years), attained a low-level education (1.66, 1.28–2.15 for ≤senior high school; 1.38, 1.10–1.74 for junior college), received a high-level monthly income (1.34, 1.08–1.65 for ≥6001 Yuan), and had a weak or very weak willingness to use contraception (6.84, 2.42–19.33) were more likely to have a repeat abortion. Conclusions The study findings highlight the problem of repeat abortion in China and suggest the need for government and civil society to increase efforts to reduce the risks of unintended pregnancy and repeat abortion in China. One approach may be to offer better access to reproductive health and contraception knowledge to women and their sexual partners and to promote their correct, consistent, and effective contraception practice.

Depressive disorders are widespread nowadays. First of all, this was affected by social isolation related to Covid-19, and starting from 2022 - the war in our country. Depression and sexual life are connected and important, because a person with a depressive disorder cannot fully live a social and sexual life. As a result, the birth rate in the country and the population in general decreases. Therefore, the issue of studying the occurrence of depressive disorders in young sexually active and inactive people is extremely relevant. The aim. The main objective of this work was to explore the different areas of sexual life of residents and its association with mental health. Additionally, differences in sexual life and mental health (depression) based on gender were also analyzed. Materials and methods. An anonymous survey of 506 medical students of NPMMU, V has been conducted using a questionnaire that included 25 questions on various aspects of the sexual life of the respondents. The analysis of the obtained results of the study was carried out on the basis of the computer programme «Statistica 6.1» using nonparametric methods to evaluate obtained results. The results. We found a statistically significant association between sexual activity and condition of mental health. Results regarding young adults, presented lower levels of sexual satisfaction and greater depression, whereas young women also exhibited higher levels of depression. Conclusions. Sexual life has a positive effect on the mental and psychological health of respondents. This information should be conveyed to young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The prevention of vertical transmission of sexually transmitted diseases is the object of research by several authors, who reinforce the importance of knowing the serological status of a woman’s sexual partner. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and serodiscordance of HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and syphilis infections among women admitted to a maternity hospital in southern Brazil and their partners. Methods: 350 women and their partners were interviewed in a service-based cross-sectional study conducted from August 16 to November 23, 2018. Results: 4.0% of the women and 4.3% of the men had one of the infections studied. Among women, 2.0% already knew they were HIV positive, 2.0% had a positive rapid test for syphilis and there was no positive result for hepatitis B or C. A total of 299 (85.4%) partners were located. Of these, 293 (98.0%) agreed to answer the study questionnaire. Of all men interviewed, 281 (95.9%) agreed to undergo an rapid test. Among men, 1.4% already knew they were HIV positive and 0.4% had chronic hepatitis B disease. There was a similar percentage of men with a positive rapid test for syphilis and hepatitis C (1.4%). Regarding couples, 6.8% had some positive test. Most of the positive test subjects were in a serodiscordant relationship (16 serodiscordant couples and 3 positive concordant couples). Conclusion: These results reinforce the importance of testing men to prevent the infection of a negative partner and the vertical transmission of sexually transmitted infections. The high acceptance, by men, to undergo an rapid test at the time of the woman’s hospitalization demonstrated the viability of this strategy in the maternity ward.

Mengistu Benayew Shifraew,1 Muluken Teshome Shiferaew,2 Haymanot Zeleke Mitiku,3 Agumas Fentahun Ayalew4 1Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fiche, Oromia Region, Ethiopia; 2Departments of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Amhara, Ethiopia; 3Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Amhara, Ethiopia; 4Department of Public Health Salale, College of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fiche, Oromia Region, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Mengistu Benayew ShifraewDepartment of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Salale University, P.O.Box: 245, Fiche, Oromia Region, EthiopiaTel +251921578868Email mengistubinayew7@gmail.comBackground: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive status non-disclosure to a sexual partner is a public health problem where a high prevalence of HIV infection is reported in a region with poor partner disclosure status. This study aimed to assess HIV-positive status disclosure to sexual partners and associated factors among adult HIV clients at Debre Markos town, Amhara Regional State Ethiopia, in 2019.Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 406 adult HIV-positive clients in Debre Markos town from September 1 to 30, 2019. Epidata version 3.1 for data entry and SPSS version 25 for data analysis were used. Bivariable and multivariable logistic analyses at (p< 0.05) were performed.Results: From 421 study participants, 406 were participated giving response rate of 96.4%. The proportion of HIV status disclosure to sexual partner was 92.6%. Male sex (AOR = 2.863, 95%, CI = 1.147– 7.146), urban residence (AOR = 2.438, 95% CI = 1.032– 5.759), knowing sexual partner’s HIV status (AOR = 2.749, 95% CI = 1.015– 7.441), good anti-retroviral medication adherence status (AOR = 2.445, 95% CI = 1.023– 5.845), and being a member of an anti-HIV club (AOR = 3.07, 95% CI = 1.314– 7.171) were factors significantly associated with HIV-positive status disclosure at p value < 0.05.Conclusions and Recommendation: The proportion of HIV-positive status disclosure to sexual partners was high. This study recommended that it is better to promote antiretroviral treatment adherence counseling, mutual partner HIV testing, and membership of anti-HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) club through extensive health education with particular attention given to females and rural residents.Keywords: human immunodeficiency virus; HIV, acquired immune deficiency syndrome; AIDS, disclosure status, sexual partner

Objective: Breast cancer (BC) is an important disease for women. BC influences both patient’s and relatives’ lives. Especially, husbands/boyfriends/lovers are the ones that are affected mostly. In this study, it was aimed to introduce knowledge and attitudes of men toward BC and their sources of information about BC.Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with men applied to a University Hospital in Istanbul (Turkey-2018). The ethics permission was obtained from The Clinical Research Ethics Committee. Data regarding socio-demographic characteristics with the knowledge and attitudes towards BC were collected with a questionnaire specific to the research. Statistical significance level was accepted as p

Background: HIV positive status non-disclosure to sexual partner remains a challenge for HIV prevention and control. It leads to poor adherence to antiretroviral treatment and a high risk of transmission. The purpose of this study was to assess the determinants of HIV-positive status non-disclosure to sexual partner. Methods: An institutional based case control study was conducted among 378 (94 cases and 284 controls) HIV-infected adults on Follow-Up Care. For data entry and analysis, Epi data version 3.1 and SPSS version 25 was used. To identify factors associated with non-disclosure to sexual partner, bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Result: A total of 369 study participants were interviewed (92 cases and 277 controls), yielding a response rate of 97.5 %. Male sex (AOR: 0.25, 95 % CI: 0.13–0.47), ART duration

Introduction: In Ethiopia, the burden of HIV/AIDS is a public health issue that requires significant control of transmission. Once an infection has been established, determinants influence people living with HIV to disclose or not their HIV-positive status to sexual partners. This study assessed the proportion and associated factors of people living with HIV's disclosure status to sexual partners. Methods: CRD42020149092 is the protocol's registration number in the PROSPERO database. We searched PubMed, Scopus, African Journals Online, and Google Scholar databases. For the subjective and objective assessment of publication bias, we used a funnel plot and Egger's regression test, respectively. The I 2 statistic was used to assess variation across studies. Meta-analysis of weighted inverse variance random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled proportion. We conducted subgroup and sensitivity analyses to investigate the cause of heterogeneity and the impact of outliers on the overall estimation, respectively. A trend analysis was also performed to show the presence of time variation. Results: The percentage of people living with HIV who disclosed their HIV-positive status to sexual partners was 76.03% (95% confidence interval: 68.78, 83.27). Being on antiretroviral therapy (adjusted odds ratio = 6.19; 95% confidence interval: 2.92, 9.49), cohabiting with partner (adjusted odds ratio = 4.48; 95% confidence interval: 1.24, 7.72), receiving HIV counseling (adjusted odds ratio = 3.94; 95% confidence interval: 2.08, 5.80), having discussion prior to HIV testing (adjusted odds ratio = 4.40; 95% confidence interval: 2.11, 6.69), being aware of partner's HIV status (adjusted odds ratio = 6.08; 95% confidence interval: 3.05, 9.10), positive relationship with partner (adjusted odds ratio = 4.44; 95% confidence interval:1.28, 7.61), and being member of HIV association (adjusted odds ratio = 3.70; 95% confidence interval: 2.20, 5.20) had positive association with HIV status disclosure. Conclusion: In Ethiopia, more than one-fourth of adults living with HIV did not disclose their HIV-positive status to sexual partners. HIV-positive status disclosure was influenced by psychosocial factors. A multidimensional approach is required to increase seropositive disclosure in Ethiopia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Repeat abortion is a significant public health problem in China. International knowledge about repeat abortion and its associated factors in Chinese women is scarce. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of repeat abortion among women seeking abortion services with unintended pregnancies in northwestern China and to identify factors associated with the repeat abortion from both two perspectives of abortion seekers themselves and their sexual partners.Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted from May 1st to May 31st, 2020, in 90 medical institutions in Xi'an, the largest city in northwestern China. All women seeking abortions within the first 12 weeks of pregnancy were invited to participate in this survey; however, only those abortion seekers with unintended pregnancies were extracted and included in this study. Pearson's chi-squared tests, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, and binary logistic regression analysis were performed.Results: Of 3397 abortion seekers, 56.6% (1924) were undergoing repeat abortions. Participants who were older than 30 years (OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.08-1.73 for 31-35 years; 1.82, 1.29-2.57 for ≥36 years), received a low-level education (1.86, 1.42-2.43 for ≤senior high school; 1.46, 1.17-1.83 for junior college), were jobless (2.46, 1.18-5.13), had one child (1.54, 1.10-2.17), had a general (1.60, 1.28-1.98) or no (2.51, 2.02-3.11) cognition of possible adverse health effects of having abortions, and had used contraception at the time of conception, i.e., condoms (1.33, 1.09-1.61), withdrawal (1.43, 1.12-1.84), and emergency measures (1.48, 1.09-1.99) were more likely to undergo a repeat abortion. Besides, participants whose sexual partners were older than 30 years (1.33, 1.06-1.68 for 31-35 years; 2.13, 1.56-2.91 for ≥36 years), attained a low-level education (1.66, 1.28-2.15 for ≤senior high school; 1.38, 1.10-1.74 for junior college), received a high-level monthly income (1.34, 1.08-1.65 for ≥6001 Yuan), and had a weak or very weak willingness to use contraception (6.84, 2.42-19.33) were more likely to have a repeat abortion.Conclusions: The study findings highlight the problem of repeat abortion in China and suggest the need for government and civil society to increase efforts to reduce the risks of unintended pregnancy and repeat abortion in China. One approach may be to offer better access to reproductive health and contraception knowledge to women and their sexual partners and to promote their correct, consistent, and effective contraception practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Studies on virgins remain scarce. This study explores the characteristics of virgin young adults, the reasons for remaining virgin, and its potential social and health implications.Methods: Data were drawn from the 2017 Swiss study on sexual health and behaviour among young adults. A total of 5175 participants (mean age 26 years ± 0.01) were divided into virgins and non-virgins. Virginity was defined as never having had a sexual partner, defined as a person with whom the participant has had sexual contact with or without penetration.Results: A total of 275 (5.3% (95% CI: 4.7-6.0), 58% males) were virgins. Virgins had higher odds of being male (aOR: 2.27 (95% CI: 1.62-3.17)) and reporting poorer health (1.43 (1.07-1.92)). They had lower odds of living on their own (0.24 (0.18-0.32)), being satisfied with their social life (0.78 (0.72-0.85)), having experimented with substances (e.g. drunkenness, 0.27 (0.19-0.67)) and having used online dating (0.52 (0.26-1.12)) or pornography (0.67 (0.42-0.94)). The main reason for remaining virgin was 'I have not found the right person' for females, and 'I have not had the occasion' for males.Conclusions: Among young adults, 1 in 20 is a virgin. Virgins do not seem to have gone through the usual experimentations of adolescence, are less socially driven and reported more health challenges. The main reason for remaining a virgin reveals gender-stereotyped responses. Sexual inactivity among young adults should be considered by health professionals to ensure the absence of distress and open discussion for potential questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yuwadee Itarat, Chumnan Kietpeerakool, Nampet Jampathong, Bandit Chumworathayi, Pilaiwan Kleebkaow, Apiwat Aue-aungkul, Wilasinee NhokaewDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, ThailandCorrespondence: Chumnan KietpeerakoolDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mittraphap Road, Nai-Muang, Muang District, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandEmail kiet_ji@hotmail.comObjective: This study assessed whether sexual behavior, including engaging in early sexual intercourse and having had multiple sexual partners, can predict the risk of infection with cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18.Methods: Records were reviewed of women who underwent cervical cancer screening and were found to be infected with high-risk HPV. The genotypes of high-risk HPV were categorized as HPV 16, HPV 18, and other than 16 or 18. Early sexual intercourse was defined as first sexual intercourse at the age of 19 years or younger. Multiple sexual partners was defined as having more than three lifetime sexual partners. Associations between sexual behavior and HPV 16/18 infection were presented as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: Of the 349 women included in the study, 72 (20.6%) and 30 (8.6%) were infected by HPV 16 and 18, respectively. Eighty-two women (26.0%) reported having engaged in early sexual intercourse, and 33 (10.4%) reported having had multiple sexual partners. After adjustment for age, parity, and smoking habits, we found that women who had engaged in early sexual intercourse tended to have a higher risk of HPV 16 (OR 1.74; 95% CI 0.93–3.29), and those who had had multiple sexual partners were found to be at a significantly higher risk for HPV 18 (OR 4.58; 95% CI 1.44–14.58).Conclusion: Sexual behavior was associated with an increased risk of HPV 16/18 infection. Engaging in early sexual intercourse increased the risk of HPV 16 infection, and having had multiple sexual partners increased that of HPV 18.Keywords: sexual behavior, human papillomavirus, cervical neoplasia, sexual partner

Background: Population mobility and migration are important processes of human life. It affects broad range of sociocultural parameters. Mobility increases personal interaction and exposure to sexual partners from high-risk group. Although traditional Indian value prohibits premarital or extramarital sexual activities, but this aspect has not been explored in migrant workers. Methods: It was a qualitative study based on indepth interview of participants. The participants were wives of migrant workers. Indepth interviews were conducted by two female field interviewers recruited for the study. A total of 24 study subjects were recruited for the study. An indepth interview guide was prepared which mainly focused on sexual behavior, including premarital, marital, and extramarital, quality of marital relationship, gender roles, peer networks, substance abuse, work-related activities, etc., The transcripts were analyzed in NVIVO and themes were generated. Results: The premarital sex was more common in boys than girls. It is more common in the same age group and has increased in the recent years. Various reasons were cited in relation to premarital sex in rural areas like love affair, delayed marriage, watching bad movies, bad company, allurement for gifts money, etc., Some women had opinion that males belonging to affluent and powerful families had tendency to enjoy sex with other women within and outside village. The major themes which emerged from the study were the sexual activity, type of sexual partners, reasons for multiple sexual partner, and risky and nonrisky sexual activity. Conclusion: The findings of the study provided insights to design and conduct a larger and more representative quantitative study among the wives of migrant workers to understand the dynamic combination of biomedical, behavioral, and sociocultural factors that may influence transmission of infection within marriage.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive status non-disclosure to a sexual partner is a public health problem where a high prevalence of HIV infection is reported in a region with poor partner disclosure status. This study aimed to assess HIV-positive status disclosure to sexual partners and associated factors among adult HIV clients at Debre Markos town, Amhara Regional State Ethiopia, in 2019. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 406 adult HIV-positive clients in Debre Markos town from September 1 to 30, 2019. Epidata version 3.1 for data entry and SPSS version 25 for data analysis were used. Bivariable and multivariable logistic analyses at (p< 0.05) were performed. Results: From 421 study participants, 406 were participated giving response rate of 96.4%. The proportion of HIV status disclosure to sexual partner was 92.6%. Male sex (AOR = 2.863, 95%, CI = 1.147– 7.146), urban residence (AOR = 2.438, 95% CI = 1.032– 5.759), knowing sexual partner's HIV status (AOR = 2.749, 95% CI = 1.015– 7.441), good anti-retroviral medication adherence status (AOR = 2.445, 95% CI = 1.023– 5.845), and being a member of an anti-HIV club (AOR = 3.07, 95% CI = 1.314– 7.171) were factors significantly associated with HIV-positive status disclosure at p value < 0.05. Conclusions and Recommendation: The proportion of HIV-positive status disclosure to sexual partners was high. This study recommended that it is better to promote antiretroviral treatment adherence counseling, mutual partner HIV testing, and membership of anti-HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) club through extensive health education with particular attention given to females and rural residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate predictors of male sexual partner risk among Latinas and Black women in their late thirties. We used multiple regression analysis to examine factors associated with male sexual partner risk among 296 women who participated in two waves of the Harlem Longitudinal Development Study (New York, 2011–2013 and 2014–2016). Women who experienced childhood sexual abuse had higher risk partners than those who did not [b = 0.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.06, 0.28]. Earlier marijuana use was a risk factor for partner risk in the late thirties (b = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.04, 0.27). Higher levels of ethnic/racial identity commitment mitigated this risk (b = − 0.15, 95% CI = − 0.26, − 0.04). Ethnic/racial identity commitment can be protective against male sexual partner risk among Latina and Black women who use marijuana. Further research should explore the protective role of different dimensions of ethnic/racial identity against sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted in the Republic of Altai, one of the Russian regions, with the participation of students of different ethnic and gender backgrounds. The main idea was to clarify the anthropoesthetic preferences when choosing a sexual partner; however, in this work, attention is paid to a characteristic feature of the drawn face – its asymmetry. One of the original projective psychodiagnostic methods was used – face drawing, which made it possible to determine the coefficient of asymmetry of its structural elements and the manifestation of emotions in relation to a potential sexual partner. The algorithm for obtaining a face pattern, drawing reference (cephalometric) points, and a module for calculating asymmetry was described in detail. In addition, the authors made an attempt to show the connection between asymmetry and the space occupied by facial structural elements with the emotional background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) is a pervasive global public health concern and a violation of human rights, particularly pronounced in conflict settings where it is often used as a tool of warfare to instill fear and control populations., Objective: Assessment of Magnitude, Associated Factors, and Health Consequences of GBV among women living in war-affected woredas of North Shewa zone, Ethiopia, 2022., Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 845 randomly selected women living in conflict zones. Data on GBV experiences over the previous 3 months were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires developed from literature review. The collected data underwent validation, entry into EPI data, and analysis using SPSS. Findings are summarized using descriptive statistics, AOR and 95% confidence interval., Result: The magnitude of GBV in this study was (490, 58.0%) where, (466, 55.0%) psychological violence, (254, 30.1%) physical violence, and (135, 16.0%) reported sexual violence. A majority of the physical violence, (161, 63.4%), occurred during conflict period, with (143, 56.3%) of these cases involving armed forces, and (161, 63.4%) women experiencing physical violence in their homes. Urban Residence AOR = 2.65, CI, (1.82-3.89), Educational status of Secondary education AOR = 0.33, CI, (0.19-0.57, and ≥College AOR = 0.17, CI, (0.09-0.35), Occupation of Housewife AOR = 1.88, CI, (1.20-2.94), Private employee AOR = 6.95, CI, (3.70-13.04), Gov't employee AOR = 5.80, CI, (2.92-11.50), and others (Students) AOR = 3.46, CI, (1.98-6.01), Ever had sexual intercourse AOR = 0.46, CI, (0.25-0.83), Have heard about SRH AOR = 0.59, CI, (0.40-0.89), Have had previous GBV exposure AOR = 0.24, CI, (0.15-0.38), having a previous history of sexual violence AOR = 0.30, CI, (0.16-0.57), and Number of sexual partner AOR = 1.84, CI, (1.13-2.99) were identified to be associated factors of GBV in our study area. The most commonly reported consequences of GBV were Anxiety, depression, physical injuries, self-blame, women had school dropout, and abortion., Conclusion: The study reveals a higher prevalence of GBV, resulting in profound physical, social, mental, and reproductive health challenges for survivors. To address this, multi-sectoral cooperation is advised to enhance women's empowerment, access to information, and psycho-social support in affected areas. Furthermore, national policymakers are urged to implement preventive measures during conflict and establish legal mechanisms to ensure accountability for perpetrators., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (© 2024 Asefa, Haile, Mohamed and Berhanu.)

Background: Partner referral (or contact tracing) is an essential approach for preventing sexually transmitted infections. Even though this approach has been used in Ethiopia, there is a scarcity of evidence in Ethiopia particularly in this study area., Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 397 patients with curable sexually transmitted diseases. Factors associated to the practice of sexual partner referral were explored where variables having a p -value of <0.05 in multivariable analysis were considered statistically significant., Result: Referrals for sexual partners were found to be 42.4% in this study (95% CI: 35.3, 45.3). Not expecting the end of the relationship among regular partnerships (AOR: 4.8; 95% CI: 1.9, 12.4), perceived risk of reinfection (AOR: 3.0; 95% CI: 1.8, 5.3), perceived self-efficacy (AOR: 3.8; 95% CI: 2.4, 6.3), intention to refer partners (AOR: 3.7; 95% CI: 2.0, 6.4), and knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (AOR: 3.0; 95% CI: 1.8, 5.0) were significantly associated with sexual partner referral., Conclusions: This study showed that sexual partner referral was low. Perceived risks of reinfection, perceived self-efficacy, anticipating the end of a relationship, intention to refer partners, and knowledge of sexually transmitted infections were significant predictors of sexual partner referral. Intervention endeavors need to consider factors pointed out in this study to improve sexual partner referral., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Peyronie's disease (PD) is characterized by penile pain, deformity, and sexual dysfunction, often resulting in an impaired sexual experience and significant psychological bother for the patient. However, there are limited data on the impact of PD on female sexual partners (FSPs). To compare the psychosexual experience of men with PD and their FSPs. We retrospectively reviewed all prospectively enrolled men and their FSPs who presented for initial PD evaluation to our sexual health clinic from July 2018 to February 2020. All men completed a PD-specific survey and the PD questionnaire (PDQ). If the patient was accompanied by an FSP during initial evaluation, she completed the PDQ for Female Sexual Partners and Female Sexual Function Index. We further queried our database that included information on patient demographics and clinical characteristics. The main outcome of this study is retrospective comparison of responses with the PDQ and PDQ for Female Sexual Partners. Data were available for 44 men with PD (median age, 56 years; interquartile range, 49–63) and their FSPs (median age, 54 years; interquartile range, 50–61). The majority of men presented in the chronic phase (35 of 44, 79.5%), and median objective composite curvature was 75° (interquartile range, 50–90°). Owing to PD, female and male partners reported similar difficulty with vaginal intercourse (VI) (74.3% vs 81.5%, P =.555), decreased frequency of VI (70.6% vs 85.2%, P =.228), and at least moderate discomfort/pain with VI (48.6% vs 33.3%, P =.232). FSPs were "very" or "extremely" bothered by the appearance of their partner's erect penis less often than male partners (20.0% vs 59.3%, P <.001). FSPs were "very" or "extremely" bothered by their partner's PD during VI less often than men with PD (32.3% vs 65.2%, P =.017). Few FSPs (22.9%) had "severe" or "very severe" concern with damaging their partner's penis during VI. The sexual experience for men with PD and their FSPs differs, thus emphasizing the importance of active engagement of both men with PD and FSP during initial PD evaluation. This initial study draws data from a single, high-volume men's health clinic with a limited sample size. Survey responses may have been shared by patients with PD and their FSPs. PD impacts the sexual experience for both men and FSPs. A similarly large proportion of men with PD and FSP noted decreased frequency of and difficulty with vaginal intercourse. Yet, FSPs were less bothered by the appearance of the erect penis and the deformity during VI compared with men. Farrell MR, Ziegelmann MJ, Bajic P, et al. Peyronie's Disease and the Female Sexual Partner: A Comparison of the Male and Female Experience. J Sex Med 2020;17:2456–2461. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xueling Xiao,1 Junshi Zhao,2 Chulei Tang,1 Xianhong Li,1 Jane M Simoni,3 Honghong Wang,1 Kristopher P Fennie4 1Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of STD/AIDS, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; 4Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA Purpose: This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of a Mandarin-language version of an instrument that assesses the Consequences of HIV Disclosure (CoHD).Patients and methods: The original CoHD instrument developed by Serovich was translated into Mandarin and administered to a random sample of 184 persons living with HIV (PLWH) using face-to-face and structured interviews. The CoHD instrument required respondents to rate the importance of eight costs (eg, might lose the relationship) and ten rewards (eg, would bring us closer) in their decision about whether to self-disclose their HIV status. The participants were directed to respond with respect to a current (or hypothetical) sexual partner.Results: Internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach’s α for the overall scale 0.82, costs 0.71, and rewards 0.86), as was stability (test–retest reliability overall 0.74, cost 0.63, and rewards 0.82). The CVI for the scale was 0.83, with items rated by subject experts ranging from 0.80 to 1.0. To determine structural validity, exploratory factor analysis extracted two subscales consistent with the original CoHD subscales. The Mandarin CoHD scores were significantly correlated with disclosure self-efficacy (indicating convergent validity), but they were unrelated to safer sex efficacy (indicating divergent validity). This criterion was tested by comparing the scores of PLWH who disclosed their HIV status (mean±SD 53.57±9.06) with those who did not disclose it (mean±SD 49.63±7.45); however, the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion: The Mandarin version of the CoHD instrument demonstrates promising psychometric properties when assessing costs and rewards with respect to sexual partner disclosure. This suggests that it might be useful in research on partner notification strategies. In further studies, larger and more diverse samples and an analysis of responses for different disclosure targets are warranted. Moreover, whether the CoHD score is related to the decision of disclosure should be determined. Keywords: HIV, self-disclosure, sexual partner, partner notification, psychometric analysis, China

Objective: Breast cancer (BC) is an important disease for women. BC influences both patient's and relatives' lives. Especially, husbands/boyfriends/lovers are the ones that are affected mostly. In this study, it was aimed to introduce knowledge and attitudes of men toward BC and their sources of information about BC. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with men applied to a University Hospital in Istanbul (Turkey-2018). The ethics permission was obtained from The Clinical Research Ethics Committee. Data regarding socio-demographic characteristics with the knowledge and attitudes towards BC were collected with a questionnaire specific to the research. Statistical significance level was accepted as p<0.05. Results: In the study, 240 men (mean age: 36.2±10.6 years, min: 18.0, max: 63.0) were interviewed. Fifty four percent of men declared that they would not marry someone with BC and/or someone who had mastectomy. Thirty four percent of participants thought that a woman with BC should conceal the disease. The mean BC knowledge score was 234.1±128.0 (median: 227.5, min: 0, max: 571.0) among the total which was 600. Conclusion: A significant proportion of men did not have sufficient and accurate knowledge about BC. If the BC knowledge scores increase, there was an association with more positive attitudes. Negative attitudes of men related with BC of a woman may be an indicator of stigmatization. If it is aimed to increase support of men for women dealing with BC, it is recommended that BC awareness activities should be prepared to include men in order to increase their knowledge and to change their attitudes into a more positive way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Population mobility and migration are important processes of human life. It affects broad range of sociocultural parameters. Mobility increases personal interaction and exposure to sexual partners from high-risk group. Although traditional Indian value prohibits premarital or extramarital sexual activities, but this aspect has not been explored in migrant workers. Methods: It was a qualitative study based on indepth interview of participants. The participants were wives of migrant workers. Indepth interviews were conducted by two female field interviewers recruited for the study. A total of 24 study subjects were recruited for the study. An indepth interview guide was prepared which mainly focused on sexual behavior, including premarital, marital, and extramarital, quality of marital relationship, gender roles, peer networks, substance abuse, work-related activities, etc., The transcripts were analyzed in NVIVO and themes were generated. Results: The premarital sex was more common in boys than girls. It is more common in the same age group and has increased in the recent years. Various reasons were cited in relation to premarital sex in rural areas like love affair, delayed marriage, watching bad movies, bad company, allurement for gifts money, etc., Some women had opinion that males belonging to affluent and powerful families had tendency to enjoy sex with other women within and outside village. The major themes which emerged from the study were the sexual activity, type of sexual partners, reasons for multiple sexual partner, and risky and nonrisky sexual activity. Conclusion: The findings of the study provided insights to design and conduct a larger and more representative quantitative study among the wives of migrant workers to understand the dynamic combination of biomedical, behavioral, and sociocultural factors that may influence transmission of infection within marriage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]