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The frequent absence of a documented history of sexual assault/rape in the prior research on serial sexual murderers is curious. In order to address several methodological problems in prior research, a closed-case archival review of a nonrandom national sample of 53 serial sexual homicide cases was conducted which identified 14 offenders with a history of sexual assault/rape for an overall prevalence rate of 26.4%. Of the 14 offenders with a prior known history of sexual assault/rape, 11 (78.6%) sexually penetrated at least one of their homicide victims at the crime scene. Implications for investigation of serial sexual homicide as well as for further understanding of this exceptionally rare crime are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Technological developments in the 4.0 era had a negative influence on the character of students, so that continuous efforts were needed through strengthening the Pancasila character, as a solution to the degradation of student character. The negative influence of technology has led to many cases related to sexual crimes, as a result of social media exposure has become a major threat for elementary school children. This study aims to analyze qualitatively the values of Pancasila which can provide character strengthening for elementary school students to prevent the negative influence of social media, especially cases of sexual crimes. This study uses a qualitative method of literature study. The results of the study show that strengthening the character of Pancasila values, namely the character values of faith, piety to God Almighty and noble character have the potential to prevent sexual crimes originating from social media.

Recently, the introduction of a “rape shield law”, which prohibits evidence that is related to the victim’s privacy or irrelevant from being revealed to the court, is being discussed in Japan. This study aimed to primarily examine the impact of victim-related information (sexual history and occupation) on the defendant’s sentence. A Bayesian approach was used for the analysis. The findings revealed that the main effects of victim-related information on sentencing included 0 in their credible intervals, indicating that there were no main effects. However, the analysis of interaction effects indicated that when the victim was described as having more records of sexual history and to be working in the sex industry, the defendant was recommended to serve a longer sentence than when no description of the victim’s sexual history and occupation was provided and when the victim was described as working in the sex industry. The policy implications of the above results were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to bring to light the record of a sexual crime that occurred against an immigrant boy named Francisco Ferone by a blind beggar named Francisco Vinhas in the city of Ribeirão Preto in 1905. In the compendium, we seek to relate the legal discourses on sexual crimes produced in Brazil at the beginning of the 20th century with the device of sexuality coined by Michel Foucault. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the article is to shed light on the phenomenon of sexual crime in rural areas of the former Ruthenian voivodeship in the 18th century. Many researchers in Poland and beyond have already delved into these issues, but the territories of the Ruthenian voivodeship have not been thoroughly examined in this regard. The core source base consists of materials found in 18th-century rural court books written in the village of Czukwi between 1715 and 1754. During the query, the author identified nine cases of accusations of sexual crimes, classified by contemporaries as offenses against good manners and religion. Descriptions most frequently pertain to adultery, carnal acts, and incest. Although according to the prevailing law in the examined areas, such crimes were punishable by death, rural courts did not impose such severe penalties; instead, punishments were milder, ranging from corporal punishment to various fines and penalties payable to secular and ecclesiastical authorities. Only in the case of the most serious offenses (involving individuals closely related or when adultery was linked to a more serious crime) were the accused referred to the urban justice system. Beyond punishing the offenders, the article also addresses the significant issue of children born from such relationships and their future protection by the court through orders for financial support and various contributions to the child's mother. Such penalties were primarily imposed in cases of adultery or incest. When forbidden relationships occurred between free individuals, they were often compelled to enter into marital unions, thereby resolving the issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the concept of "criminal failure" in sexual crimes and the relevance of various theoretical frameworks for its understanding: individual offender's rational choice, environmental influences and routine activities, victimological characteristics from lifestyle theory, and crime interaction factors. We examined a sample of 1121 "failed" cases (i.e., attempted but not completed) and 1500 "successful" cases (i.e., completed) of sexual assault that occurred in France between 1990 and 2018. We used 32 predictors that mapped on the four theoretical frameworks and conducted bivariate followed by multivariate analyses. Multiple theoretical frameworks are relevant to understand criminal failure, which is a product of perpetrator, environmental, victimological, and interactional factors. Two distinct patterns are specifically associated with failure: lack of preparation and lack of social skills. In addition, failure was best understood not as a unitary concept, but as multifactorial by distinguishing between different types of failure, specifically: offender intentionally released the victim before completion, victim escaped or third party rescue. Finally, patterns of failure were different in sexual crimes against children compared to those against adults. Criminology should pay closer attention to failure in crime. This understudied area can yield important theoretical knowledge and practical implications regarding the prevention of sexual crimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attitudes towards individuals with sexual convictions is an area with growing research interest, but the effects of such attitudes on professional judgments is largely unexplored. What is known from the existing literature is that attitudes guide the interpretation of sexual crime related information, which cascade into potential biased or heuristically driven judgments. In this study we recruited samples of both students (n = 341) and forensic professionals (n = 186) to explore whether attitudes towards individuals with sexual convictions predicted risk judgments of hypothetical sexual offense scenarios, and whether this relationship is moderated by professional status or perpetrator characteristics. Forensic professionals expressed more positive attitudes overall, but the significant effect of attitudes on risk judgments was consistent between participant groups and was not moderated by perpetrator age or sex. We suggest that relying on attitudes as a basis for risk judgments opens the door to incorrect (and potentially dangerous) decision-making and discuss our data in terms of their potential clinical implications. An open-access preprint of this work is available at https://psyarxiv.com/rjt5h/. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The incidences of child sexual abuse are increasing nowadays due to lack of awareness, child neglect, misuse of social sites, family violence, and much more. The present study aims to determine the socio-demographic profile of past five-year cases of child sexual abuse of SAS Nagar district. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 114 cases of child sexual abuse registered under the POCSO Act, 2012. The period chosen was from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2017, located in the SAS Nagar District, Punjab. The data was collected through RTI from the SSP office of SAS Nagar. The details were pertaining to socio-demographic parameters (age, sex, marital status, occupation, and profession), relationship with accused, place of incidence, the time interval between the date of incidence and date of reporting case noted in a selfdesigned Performa. Results: There were a maximum number of child sexual abuse cases in 2017, 34 followed by 33 cases in 2015. The cases of female sexual assaults (92.98%) outnumbered male sexual assaults (2.76%). The commonplace offense was the accuser's house (22.80%). The most vulnerable age group was 11-15 years (46.49%). 51.75% of the alleged sexual assault victims were students. Unmarried victims were 97.36%. Most commonly, sexual crimes were committed by the person known to the victim (89.48%). Maximum numbers of cases were reported on the 2nd day of incidence (35.08%). Conclusion: Developing moral values and ethics among people in the transitional phase of cultural devaluation and organizing minor sexual assault prevention programs in ways that contribute to the community's own capacity to prevent this heinous crime is crucial as the biggest threat to the minors is not from the strangers but from the known and close ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of the research is the public relations governing the serving of the sentence by the convicted person and the exercise of the right to parole.The purpose of the article is to determine the content and formulate proposals for improving the criminal legislation and the practice of its application on the basis of established approaches to the interpretation of the conditions for the application of parole, provided for in Art. 79 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The hypothesis of the research is the legislative wording of the conditions for the application of parole, provided for by Russian Criminal Code (paragraph "g" of Part 3 of Art. 79) – “at least three-quarters of the sentence imposed for crimes against the sexual inviolability of minors, as well as for grave and especially grave crimes related to the illegal circulation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors” – do not have a sufficient degree of specificity and does not allow to unambiguously determine the moment of emergence of the right to parole.The methodology. General scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction) as well as private scientific methods of criminal law research (formal-legal and linguistic interpretation of legal acts) – were used. The authors propose to correct the provisions of the Russian Criminal Code and to consolidate the content of the concepts used in the criminal law on the basis of the analysis of various normative legal acts, acts of judicial interpretation and provisions of the doctrine of criminal law.The main scientific results. During the analysis of the provisions of Part 3 of Art. 79 of the Russian Criminal Code, regulating the conditions for the application of parole, the authors reveal a number of inaccuracies in the provisions of the criminal law. Such inaccuracies do not allow to unambiguously determine the grounds for parole of persons who have com-mitted crimes against the sexual integrity of minors, as well as persons who have committed grave and especially grave crimes connected with the illegal circulation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors. The content of the prescriptions of clause "g" of Part 3 of Art. 79 of the Russian Criminal Code does not have an exact legislative basis, and the interpretation given by the judicial authorities does not always allow us to exclude the uncertainty of the concepts used.Conclusions. The contradictions were identified by the authors related to the inaccuracy of the legislative prescriptions used in determining some conditions for the application of pa-role. The authors conclude the need to amend the criminal law and formulated proposals that clarify the wording of Art. 79 of the Russian Criminal Code. Such corrections will eliminate the duality of understanding of certain conditions of parole and increase the effectiveness of law enforcement practice in this area.

Parents are the main protectors of the child from the dangers of the Internet, including cybergrooming. However, when faced with cybergroomers, not all parents behave optimally. The article discusses the roles that parents can play in such situations. Particular attention is paid to situations when a parent is used by a criminal to influence a child and involve him in sexual activities; the concept of «parent-mediated cybergrooming» is proposed. The empirical study is a analysis of materials from criminal cases, consisting of 33 transcripts of Internet communications between parents and cyber groomers. Typical parental behaviors are described. Three groups of parents were identified depending on their online behavior and the corresponding potential victimization of their children. The conclusion was made about the predominant desire of parents to protect their children (60.7%). However, some parents put their children at risk (15.1%) or direct danger (24.2%) of cybergrooming and other sexual abuse. Variants of prevention of involvement of minors in cybergrooming, including through communication with their parents, are proposed.

The crime of rape against children is a serious problem that must be resolved by the government. The increase in cases of rape against children proves that the existing regulations have not provided a deterrent effect for the perpetrators. The state here has a role in dealing with victims of rape, the role of the state can be realized through the rehabilitation process as a step to restore the psychological condition of victims as a result of crimes that have occurred. In addition to rehabilitation, the state also issued regulations to prevent these crimes from recurring by issuing Law Number 17 of 2016. Several questions arise from the author that the issuance of this law can fulfil the rights of children as victims of rape and be able to prevent the crime of rape from recurring. The research indicated that the existence of Law Number 17 of 2016 does not guarantee protection for child victims of rape. The law focuses on the punishment of perpetrators not on the rehabilitation process that should be carried out by the state and the rights of children who are victims of rape have not been fulfilled.

This study analyses several aspects of incest as a sexual crime, as well as its law enforcement, by comparing criminal law and Bugis customary law. This normative study was conducted by examining primary and secondary legal materials, which were then analysed qualitatively and descriptively. The findings indicate that incest can occur in the form of sexual violence caused by internal and external factors, such as psychological and family condition. Incest also has a very serious impact on victims, especially children. In terms of criminal law, the regulation of incest is spread across several laws such as obscenity in Criminal Code (KUHP); sexual intercourse with children in the Child Protection Law; and sexual violence against a family member in the PKDRT Law. However, in the Bugis customary law, incest is a sexual deviation against dignity and honour (siri'). On that basis, incest is determined as the most severe customary offense (malaweng) and is punishable by the death penalty. In principle, the criminal law and Bugis customary law both consider incest a prohibited sexual deviation. Although there are differences regarding the severity of sanctions against perpetrators, both legal routes have proven to be complementary and can be applied in court. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attitudes toward sexual consent are related to sentencing recommendations for sexual perpetrators in Japan and Canada. However, this tendency may also depend on culture. This study investigated the cultural differences in perceived appropriateness of punishment against sexual crimes as a function of attitudes toward sexual consent in Japan and Korea. Consistent with previous research, the results of the hierarchical regression analysis showed that Japanese participants who perceived sexual consent as important were more likely to perceive punishment as appropriate. However, the opposite pattern was observed among Korean participants. A possible reason for these findings was further discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Angle Health Law Review is the property of Angle Publishing Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The concept of expertise applied to the criminal context assumes that offenders are driven by the abilities to both maximize the payoffs and minimize the risks associated with the crime-commission. This study tested the articulation between these two types of decisions taken by stranger rapists to successfully commit their crime. Specifically, this study aims to identify whether offenders whose modus operandi is indicative of criminal expertise are more likely to use forensic awareness strategies. Multivariate analyses conducted on 1,551 cases showed that stranger rapists who adopted behaviors indicative of expertise were more likely to use forensic awareness strategies to decrease the risk of police detection. Mixed associations were found between the number of forensic awareness strategies and their nature (i.e., protecting identity vs. destroying evidence) and rapists' expertise, thus leading to a four-type theoretical classification of expertise: novice, bold, opportunistic, and expert stranger rapists. Implications for research and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biuletyn Kryminologiczny is the property of Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Legal Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study reports variation in safety perceptions in transit environments, based on samples of university students in 18 cities on six continents who responded to an identical 45-question survey (N = 13,323 university students). We explore potential links between students' fears and sexual victimization and conclude that sexual harassment affects their behavior and mobility. Student mobility was affected by avoidance strategies prompting some transit riders to travel at particular times, on travel routes and settings that are deemed especially risky, or even avoiding using transit completely. Findings highlight the importance of city–country contexts for transit safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The government responds to the increasing number of cases of sexual crimes against children by legalizing Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1 of 2016 concerning the Second Amendment to Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection. This regulation emphasises on increasing the severity of criminal sanctions and the imposition of an additional penalty for perpetrators of sexual violence against children. It is effective to give deterrent effects, to prevent future crimes, and to provide rehabilitation. Furthermore, Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1 of 2016 has been amended into Law No. 17 of 2016 concerning Stipulation of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1 of 2016 concerning the Second Amendment to Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection into Law. The juridical foundation will be used as a legal basis for the new law, namely the Draft Bill concerning amendments to Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection. Cases of sexual violence against children are increasing, threatening children's strategic role as the nation's future. Hence, the state needs to increase the severity of criminal sanctions and to take action against perpetrators of sexual violence against children

Child sexual abuse is rarely unintentional; rather, it is a sexually driven and methodical act. This is referred to as sexual grooming. The objective of this study was to explore the process of face-to-face sexual grooming involving incest victims. To investigate the sexual grooming process, this study used a qualitative study design, that is, a case study. The information was gathered using the semi-structured interview method. Participants for this study included three (3) young children under the age of eighteen. Themes generated from the interviews were constructed using thematic analysis. According to the study's findings, sexual grooming in incest cases entails a number of crucial processes. It entails strategies like (1) getting access, (2) building trust, (3) desensitization, and (4) maintaining confidentiality. All the victims were sexually groomed for more than a year. The need of continual prevention and protection initiatives in society to safeguard children from becoming victims of sexual crimes is discussed in this study. Psychoeducation programmes for the community and helping professions, sexual safety education for children at a young age, and rehabilitation of sexual offenders are among the recommendations that should be considered. Future research focus suggestions are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Historica. Historia Medieval is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sexual exploitation of children and adolescents has acquired new forms with development of the Internet. Sexual online grooming, or solicitation through the Internet, is one of such forms. The number of online grooming cases increases in Russia, but there is little research on this phenomenon. A few studies concern predominantly its prevalence and problems of joint forensic psychological-linguistic expertise of interactions between the groomer and the child. The range of research abroad is wider, from the structure of the grooming process, manipulative strategies and tactics of the offender to the factors influencing the child’s vulnerability. Special attention is paid to the linguistic features of the online grooming with the goal to develop computer systems for its detection. On the basis of the review of the modern studies the necessity of further interdisciplinary research of the online grooming is argued. It will provide new information for criminal psychology and victimology, promote forensic expertise and prevention of sexual crimes against children.

Violence against Indian women is in reality much more than it may appear as there are some violence which are not considered as crime or go unreported or undocumented. The present paper is an attempt to understand Crime against women in the 28 major Indian states on the basis of the data published by National Crime Record Bureau in India over the period 2001-02 to 2014-15. The relative position of the states is determined based on both Year to Year as well as Compound Annual Growth Rate. Along with enforcement and punishment, there can other effective policy mechanisms for controlling crime against women. The paper thus aims to identify the factors which can control crime against women employing panel regression technique. Our result suggests that although there are fluctuations but the states' are fronting different crime against women, most prominent being offence related to dowry. Further it can be concluded that parental guidance and education can inhibit crime against women whereas social deprivation and economic poverty can encourage it. One interesting finding is that economic growth can initially encourage crime against women but crime may fall after some threshold limit of economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schools are unique places that greatly influence the daily lives of learners. Examining any factors that may be contributing to school absenteeism and dropout rates is vital as gaining an education is central to reducing the poverty gap as well as lowering income inequality, particularly in less developed contexts. This study examines the proximity of sexual violence to both primary and secondary/intermediate schools in the impoverished township of Khayelitsha in South Africa. The locations of schools in 2005 (n = 55) and sexual crime data from 2006 to 2015 (n = 1518) were analyzed to determine the median number of crimes within a set of buffer distances around school perimeters. A point process model (homogeneous multi-K function) examined spatial clustering. Results indicate that sexual violence clusters around both types of schools in Khayelitsha. We discuss possible reasons for the findings and potential implications for future research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many studies have indicated that most crimes occur close to an offender's home. However, recent studies demonstrated that substantial Journey-to-crime Distance (JtcD) variation was observed at the inter-offender level. This study aimed to examine whether the relationship between a central point calculated from a distribution of crime sites (Center of Minimum Distance: CMD) and each crime site and the crime scene characteristics (students vs. other victims and indoor vs. outdoor settings) could explain the variation in JtcD at the inter- and intra-offender level. The data comprised 222 serial sexual offenders who committed seven or more offenses from 2003 to 2015 in Japan. The analyses of generalized linear mixed modeling showed that the CMD model constructed from the relationship between CMD and each crime site accounted for 47.9% of intra-of-fender variance in JtcD compared to the random intercept model. Additionally, when crime scene characteristics are included in the CMD model, the model accounted for 35.6% inter-offender variance in JtcD compared to the random intercept model. These findings indicated that the substantial variation in JtcD was explained by the relationship between CMD and each crime site and the crime scene characteristics, but the extent of this influence varied between offenders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pornography and sexual crimes against children are two forms of crime in Indonesia. Both of these crimes in various cases have a linkage with each other, whether one of which is a crime or pornography becomes a criminogenic factor for the onset of sexual crimes against children. The review in this article attempts to look at the approach used by judges in deciding cases of sexual crimes against children that correlate with pornographic crimes. This research employs normative juridical research using legislation and case approach. The results of the review found that, in sum, there are two model of approach used by the Court in deciding criminal cases, especially pornography related to sexual crimes, which include the approach in understanding and assesing cases; and theories of punishment approach. While the rfirst model of approach emphasizes on the understanding the impact of the action, the secodn model look more at the retaliation, prevention, combination and contemporary approach. It is further argued that those two models are not necessarily used separately. The combination of the two models can also be employed, such as in the case of Tanjung Pati District Court's Ruling no. 58 /Pid.B/ 2011 /PN.Tjp. In fact, in the case, the judges combine several approaches in deciding cases and punishing defendants. It is submitted that the objective of a judge is crucial since the objectivity resulted in a fairer verdict for the victim, the community or the perpetrator himself.

This research aims to describe the forensic examination in the handling of the sexual crime which happened to an Indonesian migrant worker in Taiwan. It is well known that the level of human rights protection in Taiwan is quite good compared that of the other destination countries for migrant workers. Yet, is the good level of human rights protection balanced also with medical treatment or medical forensic examination of the Indonesian migrant worker sexual crime victim who worked in that country. This research uses a non-doctrinal method. This is because the law is not only a normative theory. Yet, it also views the sociological aspects which happen in the society. The research results show that Taiwan is a country with a worrying rate of sexual crime. Yet, it has underwent good procedures in forensic examination, including in visum et repertum and other examinations for sexual assaults which happened to migrant worker victims. The visum et repertum preliminary examination which applies in Taiwan is done through a special unit which is provided for sexual assault victims. The results are acknowledged as evidences of sexual crime. It will be directly coordinated with the Taiwan special unit of justice for sexual crime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through analysing various instances when and how the colonial state intervened in the lives of sexually "deviant" male colonial subjects, this article interrogates the historical entanglement of male and transgender sexual "deviance" with state violence. To explore the ambivalent nature of the colonial constellation and its manifold outcomes, the article first shows how colonial legal regimes created a double standard in their prosecution of non-consensual sexual relationships by negating the possibility of homosexual rape while affi rming the occurrence of heterosexual rape. Secondly, the article broaches the issue of the inclusion of so-called "eunuchs" into the 1871 Criminal Tribes Act and the resulting policing and medical regime that violently disrupted the lives of the individuals concerned. Finally, the article gives insight into the world of colonial prisons and penal settlements, in which colonial theories about the violent inclinations of sexually "deviant" men were formed while the colonial state itself experimented with modes of punishment, including forms that mimicked sexual violence and left the traces of violence on the bodies of the alleged "deviants". These examples illustrate how, on the one hand, colonial discourses about male sexual "deviance" depended heavily on the terminology of violence, and, on the other hand, created violent disruptions for the people thus labelled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to reveal the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of sexual crimes in Haining city and the spatial relationship between them and urban commercial service facilities, so as to provide decision-making reference for the prevention and treatment of sexual crimes. Based on the data of 311 sexual crimes in the case management system of public security organs and the POI data of urban functional facilities in the community policing system, using methods such as nearest neighbor index, nuclear density estimation and Geodetector, the data from January 2014 to September 2021 are analyzed. The formation of the spatial pattern of sexual crimes is the result of the multiple factors, especially the distribution of KTVs, Internet cafes, hotels and other commercial service facilities. Sexual crimes will increase significantly in areas with mixed facilities. We put forward countermeasures and suggestions for the effective development of sexual crime rectification work in Haining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compensation for pain and suffering damages has been a focal point within legal academic debate. The difficulty of placing a monetary value on such damages and the lack of well-defined guidelines have been claimed to result in widely varying compensatory awards, making them random and unpredictable. Variability may arise from victim labels depicting who is deserving, and who is not. In this study, regression analysis is employed to assess whether compensation can be predicted, and what role victim labels play in the judicial decision-making. The empirical strategy is informed by notion of the ideal victim. Results show that compensation for pain and suffering damages can be predicted, and that by including victim labels the prediction significantly improves. Although they are not the predominant predictors, victim labels of blamelessness play a role in awarded compensation. The main driver in judges’ decision is the claim put forward by the victim. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper highlights the issue of sexual crime in the Slovak and Czech Republic. Also selected activities related to prophylactic and therapeutic initiatives undertaken in the above–mentioned countries towards victims and offenders of sexual crimes are discussed. The text was created on the basis of the Slovak and Czech subject literature. The following material can be of interest for those who professionally and scientifically deal with crime, for students of faculties of criminology, law, psychology, internal security as well as to any other readers to whom the issue of public security in European Union countries is particularly close.

The incidence of sexual crimes against children occurs in many areas of Bandar Lampung Municipality. This study aims to explore the condition and the lack of environmental arrangement in Bandar Lampung Municipality, in order to build a safe environment that can prevent sexual crimes in children. The study limits the scope of the material using the mainframe conceptual framework of neighborhood planning (neighborhood planning) and interventions for safe environmen- tal arrangement for children’s lessons from Tokyo Municipality, Japan. This research uses qualitative methods of analysis and verification effort (reliability and validity). The results show that Bandar Lampung City has not implemented a wellplanned environmental plan for the safety of children from crime. The solving of child crimes in Bandar Lampung City is still reactive in tackling criminal cases, not preventive by organizing the residential, school, and other public spaces in a well planned and well managed by the municipal government by involving the surrounding community.

This essay will examine the exposé of the realities regarding poverty, immorality and sexual crime in the Irish Free State by the radical journal Honesty (1925-1931). Honesty was edited by the socialist republican James W. Upton, a man with a longstanding commitment to the rights of women and the poor. Upton was by instinct anti-establishment in an era when the country’s religio-political leadership was insecure and keen to manage the Free State’s news agenda. Something they attempted in the service of projecting what was viewed as an ideologically acceptable image of life in the Free Sate, to both domestic and foreign audiences. Upton viewed this policy as a manifestation of the social and political cant favoured by the Free State’s leadership, which was aided and abetted by, and gave succour to, the hypocrisy of wider bourgeois Free State society. A coalition of forces, Upton reasoned, that damaged the interests of the most vulnerable sections of Irish society, in particular, the nation’s women and children living on or below the breadline. However, notwithstanding it radicalism and reputation in the Free State, Honesty has been largely lost to the history of Irish journalism.