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150 results on '"Sevini, F."'

1. Design, recruitment, logistics, and data management of the GEHA (Genetics of Healthy Ageing) project

Author

Skytthe, A., Valensin, S., Jeune, B., Cevenini, E., Balard, F., Beekman, M., Bezrukov, V., Blanche, H., Bolund, L., Broczek, K., Carru, C., Christensen, K., Christiansen, L., Collerton, J.C., Cotichini, R., de Craen, A.J.M., Dato, S., Davies, K., De Benedictis, G., Deiana, L., Flachsbart, F., Gampe, J., Gilbault, C., Gonos, E.S., Haimes, E., Hervonen, A., Hurme, M.A., Janiszewska, D., Jylhä, M., Kirkwood, T.B.L., Kristensen, P., Laiho, P., Leon, A., Marchisio, A., Masciulli, R., Nebel, A., Passarino, G., Pelicci, G., Peltonen, L., Perola, M., Poulain, M., Rea, I.M., Remacle, J., Robine, J.M., Schreiber, S., Scurti, M., Sevini, F., Sikora, E., Skouteri, A., Slagboom, P.E., Spazzafumo, L., Stazi, M.A., Toccaceli, V., Toussaint, O., Törnwall, O., Vaupel, J.W., Voutetakis, K., and Franceschi, C.

Published
2011
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24. Fine Dissection of Human Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup HV Lineages Reveals Paleolithic Signatures from European Glacial Refugia

Author

Fanti, S., Barbieri, C., Sarno, S., Sevini, F., Vianello, D., Tamm, E., Metspalu, E., van Oven, M., Hübner, A., Sazzini, M., Franceschi, C., Pettener, D., Luiselli, D., De Fanti, Sara, Barbieri, Chiara, Sarno, Stefania, Sevini, Federica, Vianello, Dario, Tamm, Erika, Metspalu, Ene, van Oven, Manni, Hübner, Alexander, Sazzini, Marco, Franceschi, Claudio, Pettener, Davide, Luiselli, Donata, and Genetic Identification

Subjects
Geography, Molecular Sequence Data, lcsh:R, Genetic Variation, lcsh:Medicine, Mitochondrial haplogroups, Italian peninsula, Epigravettian, Phylogeography, BEAST, DNA, Mitochondrial, White People, Mitochondria, Europe, Phylogeography, Genetics, Population, Haplotypes, Ethnicity, Humans, Cell Lineage, lcsh:Q, lcsh:Science, Research Article
Abstract

Genetic signatures from the Paleolithic inhabitants of Eurasia can be traced from the early divergent mitochondrial DNA lineages still present in contemporary human populations. Previous studies already suggested a pre-Neolithic diffusion of mitochondrial haplogroup HV*(xH, V) lineages, a relatively rare class of mtDNA types that includes parallel branches mainly distributed across Europe and West Asia with a certain degree of structure. Up till now, variation within haplogroup HV was addressed mainly by analyzing sequence data from the mtDNA control region, except for specific sub-branches, such as HV4 or the widely distributed haplogroups H and V. In this study, we present a revised HV topology based on full mtDNA genome data, and we include a comprehensive dataset consisting of 316 complete mtDNA sequences including 60 new samples from the Italian peninsula, a previously underrepresented geographic area. We highlight points of instability in the particular topology of this haplogroup, reconstructed with BEAST-generated trees and networks. We also confirm a major lineage expansion that probably followed the Late Glacial Maximum and preceded Neolithic population movements. We finally observe that Italy harbors a reservoir of mtDNA diversity, with deep-rooting HV lineages often related to sequences present in the Caucasus and the Middle East. The resulting hypothesis of a glacial refugium in Southern Italy has implications for the understanding of late Paleolithic population movements and is discussed within the archaeological cultural shifts occurred over the entire continent.

Published
2015

25. Role of mitochondrial DNA in longevity, aging and age-related diseases in humans: a reappraisal

Author

Sevini F, Santoro A, Raule N, Francesco Lescai, Franceschi C, Sevini, F, Santoro, A, Raule, N, Lescai, F, and Franceschi, C.

Subjects
Aging, Alzheimer Disease, mitochondrial DNA, aging, longevity, mtDNA mutations, Alzheimer's disease, Longevity, Mutation, Animals, Humans, Alzheimer Disease, genetics, Longevity, genetics, DNA, Mitochondrial, Aging, genetics, DNA, Mitochondrial, genetics
Abstract

The genetic variability of H. sapiens mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can be either germ-line inherited or somatically acquired, and its effect on aging and longevity as well as on the pathogenesis of complex age-related diseases is a hot topic. Here we illustrate the complexity of such studies, related to the large genetic variability of mtDNA in different populations and the fact that the rate of the aging process is different in different cells, tissues and organs. As far as concern Alzheimer's disease, the accumulation of somatic mutations in several tissues have been investigated, as well as the inherited mtDNA variability. However, the issue is still controversial and further studies are needed to clarify the role of mtDNA variants in Alzheimer's disease. This review is aimed to summarize the most recent advances in this field. By high throughput mtDNA sequencing and the study of large cohorts of ethnically homogeneous subjects/patients, it is now possible to perform high dimensionality studies in order to clarify the genetic associations among several inherited mtDNA variants and longevity or age-associated diseases in humans.

Published
2009

26. Fine dissection of human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup HV lineages reveals paleolithic signatures from European Glacial refugia

Author

De Fanti, S. (Sara), Barbieri, C. (Chiara), Sarno, S. (Stefania), Sevini, F. (Federica), Vianello, D. (Dario), Tamm, E. (Erika), Metspalu, E. (Ene), Oven, M. (Mannis) van, Hübner, A. (Alexander), Sazzini, M. (Marco), Franceschi, C. (Claudio), Pettener, D. (Davide), Luiselli, D. (Donata), De Fanti, S. (Sara), Barbieri, C. (Chiara), Sarno, S. (Stefania), Sevini, F. (Federica), Vianello, D. (Dario), Tamm, E. (Erika), Metspalu, E. (Ene), Oven, M. (Mannis) van, Hübner, A. (Alexander), Sazzini, M. (Marco), Franceschi, C. (Claudio), Pettener, D. (Davide), and Luiselli, D. (Donata)

Abstract

Genetic signatures from the Paleolithic inhabitants of Eurasia can be traced from the early divergent mitochondrial DNA lineages still present in contemporary human populations. Previous studies already suggested a pre-Neolithic diffusion of mitochondrial haplogroup HV∗(xH,V) lineages, a relatively rare class of mtDNA types that includes parallel branches mainly distributed across Europe and West Asia with a certain degree of structure. Up till now, variation within haplogroup HV was addressed mainly by analyzing sequence data from the mtDNA control region, except for specific sub-branches, such as HV4 or the widely distributed haplogroups H and V. In this study, we present a revised HV topology based on full mtDNA genome data, and we include a comprehensive dataset consisting of 316 complete mtDNA sequences including 60 new samples from the Italian peninsula, a previously underrepresented geographic area. We highlight points of instability in the particular topology of this haplogroup, reconstructed with BEAST-generated trees and networks. We also confirm a major lineage expansion that probably followed the Late Glacial Maximum and preceded Neolithic population movements. We finally observe that Italy harbors a reservoir of mtDNA diversity, with deep-rooting HV lineages often related to sequences present in the Caucasus and the Middle East. The resulting hypothesis of a glacial refugium in Southern Italy has implications for the understanding of late Paleolithic population movements and is discussed within the archaeological cultural shifts occurred over the entire continent.

Published
2015
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27. Fine Dissection of Human Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup HV Lineages Reveals Paleolithic Signatures from European Glacial Refugia

Author

De Fanti, S, Barbieri, C, Sarno, S, Sevini, F, Vianello, D, Tamm, E, Metspalu, E, Oven, Mannis, Hubner, A, Sazzini, M, Franceschi, C, Pettener, D, Luiselli, D, De Fanti, S, Barbieri, C, Sarno, S, Sevini, F, Vianello, D, Tamm, E, Metspalu, E, Oven, Mannis, Hubner, A, Sazzini, M, Franceschi, C, Pettener, D, and Luiselli, D

Abstract

Genetic signatures from the Paleolithic inhabitants of Eurasia can be traced from the early divergent mitochondrial DNA lineages still present in contemporary human populations. Previous studies already suggested a pre-Neolithic diffusion of mitochondrial haplogroup HV*(xH, V) lineages, a relatively rare class of mtDNA types that includes parallel branches mainly distributed across Europe and West Asia with a certain degree of structure. Up till now, variation within haplogroup HV was addressed mainly by analyzing sequence data from the mtDNA control region, except for specific sub-branches, such as HV4 or the widely distributed haplogroups H and V. In this study, we present a revised HV topology based on full mtDNA genome data, and we include a comprehensive dataset consisting of 316 complete mtDNA sequences including 60 new samples from the Italian peninsula, a previously underrepresented geographic area. We highlight points of instability in the particular topology of this haplogroup, reconstructed with BEAST-generated trees and networks. We also confirm a major lineage expansion that probably followed the Late Glacial Maximum and preceded Neolithic population movements. We finally observe that Italy harbors a reservoir of mtDNA diversity, with deep-rooting HV lineages often related to sequences present in the Caucasus and the Middle East. The resulting hypothesis of a glacial refugium in Southern Italy has implications for the understanding of late Paleolithic population movements and is discussed within the archaeological cultural shifts occurred over the entire continent.

Published
2015

36. Genes, ageing and longevity in humans: Problems, advantages and perspectives

Author

Salvioli, S., primary, Olivieri, F., additional, Marchegiani, F., additional, Cardelli, M., additional, Santoro, A., additional, Bellavista, E., additional, Mishto, M., additional, Invidia, L., additional, Capri, M., additional, Valensin, S., additional, Sevini, F., additional, Cevenini, E., additional, Celani, L., additional, Lescai, F., additional, Gonos, E., additional, Caruso, C., additional, Paolisso, G., additional, De Benedictis, G., additional, Monti, D., additional, and Franceschi, C., additional

Published
2006
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38. Assessment of Irradiation Conditions in WWER-440 (213) RPV Surveillance Location

Author

Ballesteros, A., primary, Bros, J., additional, Debarberis, L., additional, Sevini, F., additional, Erak, D., additional, Gezashchenko, S., additional, Kryukov, A., additional, Shtrombakh, Y., additional, Goloschapov, S., additional, Ionov, A., additional, Pytkin, Y., additional, Anikeev, Y., additional, Banyuk, G., additional, Plusch, A., additional, Gillemot, F., additional, and Petrosyan, V., additional

Published
2004
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39. EURATOM's contribution to the IAEA "Safeguards by Design" process.

Author

Sevini, F., Peerani, P., Cojazzi, G. G. M., Janssens, W., Boella, M., Koutsoyannopoulos, C., Chare, P., and Killeen, T. E.

Subjects
NATIONAL security, RESEARCH methodology, COST control, INVESTORS
Abstract

Besides the implementation of Integrated Safeguards which allows a more efficient use of inspection resources, other actions can be taken to ease safeguards implementation, such as the "Safeguards by Design" (SBD) process, which consists in taking into account very early in the design phase the features that facilitate the implementation of international safeguards. The overall safeguarding process can thus be made more effective and efficient, with benefits to all the involved stake-holders. The SBD process requires an understanding of proliferation resistance by designers and operators as well as its underlying principles, with an aim of improving the procedures of interaction between SSAC (or RSAC) and IAEA. The resulting design of a facility is indeed an optimal combination of Safety, Security and Safeguards requirements; expected benefits; reduction of costs and reduction of associated risks. As theoretical support, relevant studies and methodologies are produced by the Proliferation Resistance & Physical Protection Working Group of GEN-IV, including the safeguardability concept, and IAEA INPRO. In this context, at the end of 2008, the IAEA launched a new task on "Guidance for Designers and Operators and Measures to facilitate the implementation of Safeguards at Future Nuclear Cycle Facilities", with contributions by EURATOM and other MS Support Programmes. Besides an always present aim of improving safeguards implementation, the main driving force for this activity is the foreseen growth in the number of nuclear power generating facilities, and the corresponding increase in other fuel cycle activities, such as fuel fabrication and enrichment. However, at the same time, the IAEA is not expected to see its resources increase at the same rate, and will have to face the retirement of experienced inspectors. This paper will develop on the contents of the first high level guidelines document of the IAEA Safeguards by Design series provided by the EURATOM's Support Programme and on a view on the next steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010

40. UPDATE OF THE INPRO METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATING PROLIFERATION RESISTANCE.

Author

Chang, H. L., Ko, W. I., Whitlock, J., Zhou, K., Cojazzi, G. G. M., Sevini, F., Haas, E., and Zentner, M.

Subjects
NUCLEAR nonproliferation, NUCLEAR facilities, NUCLEAR reactors, NUCLEAR fuels
Abstract

The goal of the IAEA Collaborative Project on "Acquisition/diversion pathway analysis for the assessment of proliferation resistance (PRADA)" of Phase 2 of the International Project on Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles (INPRO) is to develop a methodology for evaluating User Requirement 4 of INPRO Proliferation Resistance (PR) methodology with regard to the multiplicity and robustness of barriers against proliferation. A case study has been carried out based on the DUPIC fuel cycle. A systematic approach has been developed to identify and analyze highlevel pathways for the acquisition of weapons-usable material in the DUPIC fuel cycle, and the pathway to divert fresh DUPIC fuel from the storage bay of the power plant has been further analyzed based on the conceptual design and process information of the DUPIC fuel cycle and logic trees. The segments of this pathway were evaluated in terms of the material characteristics, technical availability, safeguardability, quality and quantity of the material, etc., as specified in User Requirements 1, 2 and 3 of the INPRO PR methodology. This was done to work out potential assessment procedures and metrics in order to evaluate the multiplicity and robustness of barriers against proliferation. This paper reports on the overall picture of the PRADA project, including some of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010

41. ASSESSMENT OF IRRADIATION CONDITIONS IN WWER-440(213) RPV SURVEILLANCE LOCATION

Author

Ballesteros, A., primary, Andersen, L., additional, Debarberis, L., additional, Sevini, F., additional, Erak, D., additional, Gezashchenko, S., additional, Kryukov, A., additional, Shtrombakh, Y., additional, Goloschapov, S., additional, Ionov, A., additional, Pytkin, Y., additional, Anikeev, Y., additional, Banyuk, G., additional, Plusch, A., additional, Gillemot, F., additional, and Hovsepyan, A., additional

Published
2003
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47. The AMES Network Strategy Developments in the 5thEuratom Framework Program

Author

Sevini, F, Debarberis, L, Törrönen, K, and Davies, LM

Abstract

The AMES (Aging Materials Evaluation and Studies) Network started its activity in 1993 with the aim of studying the consequences and the mechanisms of the aging process in materials used for nuclear reactor components. Together with ENIQ, NESC, and EPERC, it forms the so-called “Structural Integrity of Industrial Components” cluster of networks operated by the Joint Research Centre—Institute for Advanced Materials of the European Commission.Initial activities of the network were the compilation of state-of-the-art reports on nondestructive monitoring techniques for thermal aging, dosimetry, survey of regulatory requirements, and predictive formulas for irradiation embrittlement as a result of in-kind contributions and projects cofunded by the 4thEuratom Framework Program. A brief overview of the outcome of these projects is given.With the start of the 5thEuratom Framework Program. AMES has now entered its third strategy phase. Most of the projects approved by the Steering Committee and proposed to the Nuclear Fission Safety Key Action of the program to cover aspects of irradiation embrittlement and nondestructive monitoring were selected for funding.Their focus is on the influence of chemical composition, namely phosphorus and nickel content, on the irradiation embrittlement of reactor pressure vessel materials, on the improvement of surveillance temperature measurement, on the validation of the master curve approach, and on nondestructive techniques to monitor aging of irradiated steels. The paper describes the objectives of the new 5thFramework Program projects and their matching with the AMES strategy, pointing out the involvement of CEEC and NIS countries.

Published
2001
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49. Genetics and anthropology in studies on aging and chagas disease

Author

Franceschi, C., Yao, D. Y., Sevini, F., Aurelia Santoro, Luiselli, D., Pettener, D., Ferri, G., Dasso, M. C., La Hoz, R. P., Moretti, E., Basso, B., Castro, I., Ciannameo, A., Franceschi, Z., Claudio Franceschi, Daniele Yang Yao, Federica Sevini, Aurelia Santoro, Donata Luiselli, Davide Pettener, G.Ferri, Maria Cristina Dasso, Ricardo Perez de la Hoz, Edgardo Moretti, Beatriz Basso, Irma Castro, Anna Ciannameo, and Zelda Alice Franceschi

Subjects
GENETICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY, CHAGAS, ANTHROPOLOGY, LONGEVITY
Abstract

Complex traits are difficult to disentangle, as the phenotypes result from the interaction of different basic components where genetics interacts with environment, epigenetics and stochasticity (Cevenini et al., 2008). Studies in humans represent a particular challenge, owing to the pervasive and profound influence of cultural habits and specific evolutionary history on the different human populations. We will discuss the importance of adopting an integrated and multidisciplinary approach in genetic studies on two complex traits, such as aging and Chagas disease, as the most appropriate and correct methodology of data collection and analysis.

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