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Low-dose aspirin administration before 16 weeks of gestation can prevent preeclampsia (PE) more effectively. In order to determine if aspirin should be administered, this study aimed to investigate the predictive value of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and aneuploidy markers for the onset period of PE. 1053 singleton pregnant women were included in the study, and serum PAPPA-A and aneuploidy markers were analyzed between 3 group (normotensive, late-onset PE, and early-onset PE). The utility of these markers for predicting early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE) was compared using each marker and their combination. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)/PAPP-A 6.89 and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)/PAPP-A 7.94 were associated with EOPE with a positive likelihood ratio (LR) (6.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.9-7.1), and (5.77, 95% CI 3.9-6.4). The combination of markers could predict EOPE more accurately compared to the single markers. AFP/PAPP-A 6.89 and hCG/PAPP-A 7.94had a predictive ability for EOPE, and these cutoff values can help determine the use of aspirin at an earlier gestational age (GA).

Patent urachus is a type of urachal anomaly in which the urachus does not tail off but remains connected to the bladder in the umbilicus. The prevalence of patent urachus is very low. Herein, we report a case of patent urachus ruptured and exposed to amniotic fluid in utero. In this case, the size decreased after the second trimester, which was thought to be due to rupture in utero. After delivery, patent urachus was confirmed by inserting a foley catheter, which runs through a ruptured cyst on umbilical cord insertion. The day after delivery, the neonate underwent surgical excision of the urachal cyst and closing umbilicus. The mechanism of patent urachus rupture is unknown. As the fetus matures, it is thought that the higher intravesical pressure may affect the rupture of the cyst. Patent urachus could be ruptured in the uterus spontaneously, and surgical correction is needed. Therefore, prenatal differential diagnosis is important.

For patients with recurrent ovarian cancer, the goals of chemotherapy include palliation of disease-related symptoms with minimum treatment-related side effects. However, there is currently a paucity of data regarding the initiation of palliative chemotherapy. This study aimed to compare the differences in survival rates and toxicities between patients with recurrent ovarian cancer who started palliative chemotherapy immediately versus those who received delayed chemotherapy. Through a retrospective chart review, patients who received more than three lines of chemotherapy were included. Based on the timing of third-line chemotherapy initiation, the patients were divided into two groups: delayed (DTG) and immediate (ITG) treatment groups. The chi-square test or Fisher’s exact tests, and t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used for comparing variables, as appropriate. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. P-value of

Objective To investigate the prevalence, risk factors of overactive bladder (OAB) and the factors affecting the severity of OAB symptoms. Methods A total 822 interviews with women aged 18-80 years who visited public health centers were conducted between April 2014 and April 2015. The questionnaire was composed of 16 questions about urinary symptoms, 14 questions about self-treatment and the use of complementary and alternative medicine, and 21 questions about socio-demographic characteristics. The diagnostic criterion for OAB is a total OAB symptom score of 3 and more, with an urgency score of 2 or more. To know the risk factors and factors affecting the severity of OAB, the multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. Results One hundred fifty-seven participants (19.3%) were diagnosed with OAB, of whom 10.7%, 8.1%, and 0.7% had mild, moderate, and severe OAB symptoms, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of OAB increased with age. Among all the participants, 39.1% had stress incontinence, among them 32.7% had OAB as well. The significant risk factors of OAB were identified as age, current smoking, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular and renal disease, whereas, the factors affecting the severity of OAB were age, current smoking, and hyperlipidemia. Conclusion Those who have risk factors and factors affecting severity of OAB should be educated to increase OAB awareness and act of urinary health promotion.

CA-19-9 antigen is mainly elevated in cases of gastrointestinal tract malignancy, including of the pancreas, colorectum, and biliary tract. CA 19-9 antigen can also be elevated in ovarian mucinous neoplasms, however, as well as in many benign conditions. Markedly raised levels of more than 10,000 U/mL were almost observed in advanced stage of malignancy. We report herein the case of a 37-year-old woman who presented with an abnormally high level of CA 19-9 antigen associated with benign mucinous cystadenoma.