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Palm oil is one of the leading commodities which play a strategic role in alleviating poverty, providing employment opportunities, spreading development and a source of foreign exchange for the country. The rapid development of oil palm plantation development has had negative impacts on the environment and social. The conversion of natural forests with high conservation value can reduce the quality of the environment and ecosystem. The development of oil palm plantations that do not pay attention to the rights of customary, customary and indigenous communities without the permission of the relevant communities before plantation development is carried out will cause social conflict. These problems need to be addressed to maintain the competitiveness of Indonesian palm oil products by realizing the development of sustainable palm oil plantations.

Diondra Eka Rizkiawan,1 Malinda Evelyn,1 Kevin Christian Tjandra,1 Budi Setiawan2 1Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Budi Setiawan, Department of Internal Medicine, Diponegoro University, Jl. Badak Raya 74, Kota Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, 50167, Tel +6285865118118, Fax +622467412115, Email boedhismg73@yahoo.comAbstract: Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy disease that causes cupping of the optic disc and decreased visual field. Glaucoma is still the second leading cause of blindness globally, with a worldwide prevalence of more than 76 million people in 2020. However, no therapy can cure glaucoma completely, especially when optic nerve damage has occurred. Available treatments only play a role in keeping the intraocular pressure stable This research aims to determine the potential use of modified stem cell therapy to treat intraocular damage in glaucoma cases. Literature research was conducted by involving seven online databases, namely Pubmed, ScienceDirect®, Proquest, EBSCOhost®, SAGE®, Clinicalkey®, and Scopus, published between 2010– 2020 with the keywords stem cells; therapy; glaucoma; optic nerve. Six articles were selected, and out of the six articles, all writings were experimental research. The entire literature states that modified stem cell therapy has the potential as a therapeutic option in treating intraocular damage in patients with glaucoma. Based on the systematic literature review that has been carried out, it is known that stem cell therapy has the potential to be a therapeutic option in treating glaucoma cases. Much more research is needed to assess the effectiveness of modified stem cell therapy in managing intraocular damage due to glaucoma.Keywords: neuropathy, optic nerve, treatment, intraocular damage

Budi Setiawan,1 Widi Budianto,1 Tri Wahyu Sukarnowati,1 Daniel Rizky,1 Eko Adhi Pangarsa,1 Damai Santosa,1 Rahajuningsih Dharma Setiabudy,2 Catharina Suharti1 1Hematology-Medical Oncology Division, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University/Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia; 2Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Budi Setiawan, Hematology-Medical Oncology Division, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University/Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Jl. Dr. Soetomo No. 16, Semarang, Indonesia, Email boedhi_smg73@yahoo.comBackground: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication and the second leading cause of death in cancer patients. Pro-inflammatory stimuli in the cancer microenvironment induce nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway that plays an integral role in immunothrombosis mechanism.Objective: To investigate the role of inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers in the development of DVT in cancer patients with high risk of thrombosis (Khorana score ≥ 2).Subjects and methods: This study was a cross-sectional study at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital. The serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines, ie, NF-κB, interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and coagulation biomarkers, ie, tissue factor (TF), prothrombin fragment F1+2 (F1+2), fibrinogen and D-dimer were measured in newlydiagnosed cancer patients with a highrisk of thrombosis. Color duplex sonography was used for DVT screening.Results: From January to November 2021, there were 83 eligible patients. DVT was confirmed in 8 subjects (9.63%). Univariate analysis revealed a significant difference between the median age of patients with DVT compared to non-DVT patients, 49.5 years (range: 23– 60 years) and 42 years (range: 19– 60 years), with p=0.046. D-dimer level was higher in DVT patients [(6.020 μg/L, range 2.090– 20.000) vs (1.940 μg/L, range 270– 20.000), p=0.005]. Multivariate analysis revealed age and D-dimer were significantly correlated with DVT incidence. In all patients, there were significant positive correlations between several inflammatory and coagulation activation parameters, which were IL-6 with D-dimer and F1+2, CRP with F1+2 and D-dimer as well as TNF-α with F1+2. However, these findings were not shown in DVT patients.Conclusion: In cancer patients with a high risk of thrombosis, age and D-dimer level are the significant variables towards the incidence of DVT. In patients with DVT, there was no significant correlation between inflammatory and coagulation activation parameters.Keywords: inflammation, activation of coagulation, DVT, high-risk thrombosis, cancer patients

Budi Setiawan,1 Rosalina Rosalina,2 Eko Adhi Pangarsa,1 Damai Santosa,1 Catharina Suharti1 1Division of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University/Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University/Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Damai SantosaDivision of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University/Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, IndonesiaFax +622 48453201Email santosaiva@yahoo.comBackground: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a frequent complication in cancer patients and is the second leading cause of death. The high level of C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase reactant that induces tissue factor (TF) expression in monocytes, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells. The CRP level positively correlates with the incidence, extension, and volume of thrombus. TF expression triggers the coagulation system including the formation of thrombin and circulating fibrin such as prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1 + 2) and D-dimer.Objective: To determine the diagnostic value of high-sensitivity (hs)-CRP, D-dimer, and Wells score combination to predict the incidence of DVT on clinically suspected DVT (Wells score ≥ 2) cancer patients.Subjects and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study on a diagnostic test to determine the diagnostic value of hs-CRP and D-dimer for early detection of DVT on clinically suspected DVT (Wells score ≥ 2) cancer patients. It was conducted in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang Indonesia on 35 subjects. The diagnosis of DVT was confirmed by color duplex sonography. The diagnostic accuracy of combination of hs-CRP, D-dimer, and Wells score was analyzed by logistic regression.Results: DVT was confirmed in 10 subjects (28,6%). The cut-off point of hs-CRP levels for probable DVT was ≥ 51.05 mg/L and for D-dimer was ≥ 5030 μg/L. The median levels of both variables were higher in the subjects with DVT compared with the subjects without DVT, but it was not statistically significant. The combination of hs-CRP (≥ 51.05 mg/L), D-dimer (≥ 5030 μg/L), and Wells score ≥ 3 had the high accuracy (94.1%) to predict the incidence of DVT compared with hs-CRP (65.0%), D-dimer (54.7%), and combination of hs-CRP and D-dimer (71.0%).Conclusion: The combination of hs-CRP (≥ 51.05 mg/L), D-dimer (≥ 5030 μg/L), and Wells score ≥ 3 can predict the incidence of DVT in cancer.Keywords: hs-CRP, D-dimer, Wells score, deep vein thrombosis, cancer

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of bull age on fresh semen traits of Bali bulls. A total of 316 semen samples collected from six Bali bulls aged at 4, 6, and 8 years old (2 bulls of each age) were involved in this study. Fresh semen traits measured were semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm, sperm motility, and total motile sperm. Data of fresh semen traits were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by Duncan test to separate means. Additionally, data of semen volume, sperm concentration, and sperm motility were subjected to the Pearson correlation test. The result showed that the semen volume of Bali bulls increased from 4 to 6 years old (P0.05) among different ages. At 6-years old, Bali bulls had the highest total sperm (P0.05). Negative correlations were found between semen volume with sperm concentration (P

Rice is one of the staple foods which are one of the great potentials to be produced in premium. Premium rice is rice that is free of artificial chemicals which can endanger the health of consumers so that premium rice is healthy for consumption. There is a new fact that the demand for organic rice products is more increasing. The aims of this study are to identify the preferred type of organic rice in the market and to identify the characteristics of its consumers. The analysis method uses descriptive analysis and to calculate the value of willingness to pay (WTP) consumer using Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). The results show the most demand for organic rice is N 790 and riceya. The type of consumer of organic rice is entrepreneur and government employees. Finally, the willingness to pay for organic rice is based on the reason for the positive impact on the environment and health.

Tourism is one of the key supporting sectors in Indonesian economy which has significant contribution to its GDP. Lately, agri-tourism becomes a featured product of Indonesian tourism in various scales. Even if it grows in a significant way, but developing agri-tourism still need additional support from related parties, especially from consumers. Customers’ satisfaction has a crucial impact in determining their loyalty and behavior, and also affects the sustainability of agri-tourism business. Any problem on these fields can hold up the agri-tourism development. This research is aimed to analyze the effect of service quality, customer’s value, livelihood assets, destination image, and performance of local government on behavioral attention of agri-tourism’s visitors. This research employed structural equation modeling (SEM) using WarpPLS software. The results indicate that both service quality of agri-tourism and quality of human resource have significant effects on relationship marketing, customers’ satisfaction, and behaviora intention. Moreover, livelihood assets aspect also has affected the customers’ behavioral attention significantly.

The trend of internet uses in daily activities causes changes in the way business and society work. Business owners are now competing to offer better products and switch to online transactions. This intense competition causes marketers to find ways to be able to compete. In terms of e-commerce, the quality of service is the main factor of a successful e-business. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between e-service quality, customer satisfaction, and consumer behavioral intentions. The data was obtained from 41 online shop consumers through an online survey using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that positive evaluation of e-service quality will positively impact customer satisfaction and behavioral intention. Customer satisfaction also has a positive impact on consumer behavioral intention. This study suggests that practitioners use the model to allocate resources to essential quality attributes, or those that are low-performance, which is needed to improve customer satisfaction and positive consumer behavioral intentions.

How students are assessed is an essential part of teaching and learning processes involving students, educators, and policy makers. Mostly, in Indonesia the policy makers and the educators decide how the students will be assessed. The reason lead an aim of this study, that was, to deliver the students’perspectives, how they want to be assessed. The participant of the descriptive research was first year students of Department of Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia. The participants were classified into three groups, namely students with (1) higher, (2) middle, and (3) lower performance. The researchers interviewed the participants with semi-structured technique of interview to collect their perspectives. The data analysis involved transcription of interview results and description. The findings indicated that there were two aspects to be the students’ considerations when they were assessed, involving: (1) assessment form and (2) fairness. The students’ perspectives on their assessments are interested to be considered by the educators at the first meeting of teaching and learning activities (classes)..

The purpose of the research is analyzing the volatility and volatility spillover of monthly price of paddy at the level of farmers and consumers in 2010-2016. ARCH/GARCH used to analyze volatility and GARCH BEKK-model is used to analyze the volatility spillover. The results of the analysis show that price volatility at the farmer level is very high (extremely high volatility), price volatility at the consumer level is low (low volatility), and volatility spillover does not occur between the farmers and the consumers market. The need to guarantee an effective floor price as well as information disclosure related to the market commodity prices so that the pattern of prices transmission among interrelated markets can be symmetrical.

This paper describes the use of an inexpensive smartphone's magnetic sensor to measure magnetic field components (B[subscript x], B[subscript y] and B[subscript z]) induced by current wires in magnetostatic experiments. The variable parameters used to measure the magnetic sensor's capabilities were: the geometrical shapes of the wire, current flow, and the distance between wire and observation point. The experimental results are in good agreement with the results obtained from calculations using an analytical and numerical approach. In addition, the 2D vectors and magnitude of the magnetic field have been successfully illustrated. This study confirmed that the inexpensive smartphone's magnetic sensor had a good ability to accurately measure the components of a magnetic field in a magnetostatic experiment, which is especially suitable for undergraduate students.

Education in Indonesia still has significant problems such as the lack of adequate learning facilities, the low quality of education, the high cost of education and the large number of students who drop out of school. The main problem of Indonesian education is the high cost of education, making it difficult for students with middle to lower economy to continue their education. Waqf as an Islamic philanthropy can be a solution to education financing, supported by the MUI Fatwa with the provision of waqf developed with sharia securities through crowdfunding platforms. The regulation of cash waqf through the MUI (Indonesian Ulema Council) Fatwa was developed following the times in Fatwa No. 140/DSN-MUI/VIII/2021 which explains waqf as one of the sharia securities as financing waqf. However, the collection of waqf funds for education financing is still not optimal. So, this research aims to provide an alternative to waqf as an Islamic social financing system that can develop the quality of education in Indonesia with the aim of SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) in creating quality education. This research method uses library research method with literature study analysis through MUI fatwa approach. The results of this study explain the contract scheme that can make it easier for waqif to waqf through crowdfunding in the form of education financing investment, namely the wakalah bil istismar contract and the syirkah contract. However, crowdfunding for education financing is not widely applied for.

Background: Rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy remains the standard of first-line treatment for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Up to 40% of DLBCL is characterized by relapse and refractory after treatment. Preliminary study reported Hypoxia-inducible factor-1a (HIF-1a) overexpression in 88.5% of DLBCL tumors in the Dr. Kariadi Hospital. Moreover, the role of hypoxia and HIF-1a has previously never been explored in DLBCL. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of hypoxia modulation to increased chemotherapeutic response in DLBCL. Methods: Single blind randomized control study was performed, with pre-test and post-test control group design. Research sampling consisted of DLBCL patients. The inclusion criteria include newly diagnosed DLBCL with HIF-1a overexpression and randomized to receive hypoxia modulation consisting of carbogen inhalation and nicotinamide administration, before R-CHOP chemotherapy. The tissue biopsy, histopathology and immunohistochemical studies were done. Chemotherapeutic responses were evaluated after 10-14 days following the first cycle of R-CHOP chemotherapy. Results: Out of twenty-six DLBCL participants with HIF-1a overexpression, there were 20 participants who completed the research protocol: 10 participants each in the intervention and control group. Demographic, clinicopathological, laboratory and disease characteristics were not statistically different between the two research groups (p>0.05). Baseline tumor volume to be evaluated was also considered equal (172.3 cm3 vs. 152.8 cm3 , p=0.597). Following the carbogen inhalation and nicotinamide administration, serum HIF-1a and lactate reduction can be observed. There was also a significant tumor volume shrinkage in both the intervention and control (mean -85.7 cm3 vs. -118.27 cm3 ) group, though the reduction was not statistically different (Delta 58.85% vs. 65.63%, p=0.474). Conclusion: The addition of hypoxia modulation to R-CHOP chemotherapy for DLBCL has shown beneficial effects on both serum HIF-1a and lactate concentration. However, the benefits did not correlate to increase a better tumor response compared to the control group.