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Objective: This study aimed to identify, discover and explore the characteristics of the mtDNA genomes of Cemani chicken (Gallus gallus). Methods: This study used gDNA of Cemani chicken isolated from liver tissue. mtDNA sequencing was performed using WGS mtDNA analysis with nanopore technology by Oxford Nanopore Technologies GridION. Bioinformatics and data analysis were then performed. Results: This study showed that the length of the mtDNA genome is 16,789 bp, consisting of two ribosomal RNA (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA), 22 transfer RNA genes (trnR, trnG, trnK, trnD, trnS, trnY, trnC, trnN, trnA, trnW, trnM, trnQ, trnl, trnL, trnV, trnF, trnP, trnT, trnE, trnL, trnS, trnH), 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) (ND4l, ND3, COX3, ATP6, ATP8, COX2, COX1, ND2, ND1, CYTB, ND6, ND5, ND4), and a noncoding control region (Dloop). Furthermore, analysis showed there were polymorphic sites and amino acid alterations when mtDNA Cemani chicken was aligned with references from GenBank. Conclusion: Site (988T>*) in Dloop genes and (328A>G) in ND3 genes which alter glycine to stop codon, were specific markers found only in Cemani chicken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of the techniques of aspiration, slicing, and flushing medium in collecting oocytes on the quantity and quality of oocytes, the average time used for collecting oocytes per ovary, and the volume of the medium used. The material utilized was 274 ovaries from ewes aged 2.5 to 3.5 years and body weight ranging between 25 and 35 kg. This study used a Completely Randomized Design consists of 3 treatments of techniques were aspiration, slicing, and flushing medium. The parameters measured included the average quantity, quality, and weight of oocytes per ovary (right/left), the effect of the techniques of aspiration, slicing, and flushing medium on the quantity and quality of oocytes, and the efficiency of use of medium and time spent to collect oocytes by using aspiration, slicing, and flushing medium techniques. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the aspiration technique collected the highest percentage (P<0.01) of oocytes quality A (38.49%) compared to the slicing technique (17.93%), and the flushing medium technique (11.71%). In terms of time, the aspiration technique was the fastest (8-10 minutes) compared to the slicing technique (10-12 minutes), and flushing medium technique (13-15 minutes); meanwhile, the aspiration technique was the most efficient technique (1-2 ml) compared to slicing technique (3-5 ml) and flushing medium technique (6-10 ml). In conclusion, the aspiration technique is the best one for oocyte collection from sheep ovaries. This technique proves to be efficient in terms of quantity and quality of the oocytes collected, time to perform, and medium to use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to assess the effect of genetic and seasonal interaction on semen quality in the Artificial Insemination Center. A total of 36,754 ejaculation records were evaluated. The dependent variable was semen quality which consisted of volume, pH, concentration, abnormalities, and motility of fresh semen. The independent variables consisted of age, season, and number of ejaculation. The mixed procedure with Tukey–Kramer multiple comparison test was used to analyze the effect of interaction between the variables. Seasonal factors significantly affected concentration, fresh semen motility, and abnormality, but did not affect pH and volume. Age factor had a significant effect on all semen quality variables. The ejaculation factor significantly affected pH, volume, concentration, and fresh semen motility, but did not affect abnormality. The species factor significantly affected pH, concentration, and fresh semen motility, but did not affect volume and abnormality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was carried out to characterize different body types of rabbits based on the phenotypic relationship between body weight and body measurements. The materials used were 135 of New Zealand Grade, 115 heads of Rex, and 60 heads of Flamish Giant. Rabbits were categorized into three groups: semi-commercial, commercial, and semi-arc body types. Pearson correlation was used to estimate the correlation coefficients between body weight and body measurements with 1% and 5% significant level. Principal component analysis (PCA) representing a linear combination of the body measurement into a factor or component was determined separately for each body type of rabbit. BW showed a significant correlation with all of the variables measured on semi-commercial and semi-arc body types. The result of PCA showed a lower factors of PC1 (-0.04 - 0.41). The highest component loaded were CD in PC3 for all body types and TB in PC2 for semi-arc body type. Chest circumference, chest depth, and chest width (chest shape) are more appropriate in predicting body weight in rabbits than body length. Body length is highly correlated with body weight, but shows low factors in the principal component analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to evaluate the morphometric performance in five generations of New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits by using multivariate analysis. The materials used were 75 heads of NZW rabbits from 5 generations: imported rabbits (G0), first-generation (G1), second-generation (G2), third-generation (G3), fourth-generation (G4). G0 have been imported from the United States of America (USA) at the end of 2017. Thirteen morphometric traits were evaluated by using the discriminant procedure of Statistical Analysis System (SAS) University Edition V.6p.2. software. Head width, ear length, chest width, radius-ulna length, femoris length, and Hip width were significant (P<0.05) among generations. Radius-ulna length, femoris length, and hip width showed the greatest contribution as distinguishing factors between generations based on canonical structure. Imported rabbits confirmed specific characteristics in morphometric traits, which differed from their progenies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]